5.4.1 Avalanche Figure A.5 Indicates the Debris Run-Out Areas Which Affect the Town of Alta, and It Indicates Which Structures in Alta Are Vulnerable to Avalanches
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FOUR RESORTS and EIGHT REASONS to ADD SKI CITY To
SKSKIERIER NNEWEWSS •• SKI CITY and SKI UTAH NEWS OCTOBER-NOVEMBER, 2019 • A • 9 SKI CITY and SKI UTAH NEWS Updated daily • www.skiernews.com FOUR RESORTS and EIGHT REASONS to Value ADSALT LADKE CITY,SKI UT – In winter,CITY Salt Lake to YOUR WINTER LIST affectionately becomes known as Ski City. This is a In Ski City, how much you spend is really up to place where a lively downtown scene meets world- you. With 200-plus hotels, 2,000-plus restaurants and class skiing. It is a place where locals and visitors alike food trucks, there are accommodations and dining for share the stoke of last night’s storm. It is not your typ- every budget. In addition, there are other ways to save. ical resort experience. It is so much more. While the holidays are high season for most resort Whether you are coming with family, a group of areas, in Ski City you can find some of the best lodg- friends or travelling solo, there are many reasons to ing rates of the year. visit Ski City. Here are the top eight. The Super Pass The Snow Alta, Brighton, Snowbird and Solitude have For serious skiers, this list could start and end here. teamed up to offer you a discounted rate on lift tickets. A dry, desert climate means the snow is light, fluffy The Super Pass can be used at any of the four Ski City and a joy to ski. Thanks to the lake effect, storms pick resorts, and it offers free transportation on UTA ski up extra moisture as they pass over the Great Salt Lake buses and TRAX light rail. -
Snow Avalanches J
, . ^^'- If A HANDBOOK OF FORECASTING AND CONTROL MEASURE! Agriculture Handbook No. 194 January 1961 FOREST SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Ai^ JANUARY 1961 AGRICULTURE HANDBOOK NO. 194 SNOW AVALANCHES J A Handbook of Forecasting and Control Measures k FSH2 2332.81 SNOW AVALANCHES :}o U^»TED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE SNOW AVALANCHES FSH2 2332.81 Contents INTRODUCTION 6.1 Snow Study Chart 6.2 Storm Plot and Storm Report Records CHAPTER 1 6.3 Snow Pit Studies 6.4 Time Profile AVALANCHE HAZARD AND PAST STUDIES CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 2 7 SNOW STABILIZATION 7.1 Test and Protective Skiing 2 PHYSICS OF THE SNOW COVER 7.2 Explosives 2.1 The Solid Phase of the Hydrologie Cycle 7.21 Hand-Placed Charges 2.2 Formation of Snow in the Atmosphere 7.22 Artillery 2.3 Formation and Character of the Snow Cover CHAPTER 8 2.4 Mechanical Properties of Snow 8 SAFETY 2.5 Thermal Properties of the Snow Cover 8.1 Safety Objectives 2.6 Examples of Weather Influence on the Snow Cover 8.2 Safety Principles 8.3 Safety Regulations CHAPTER 3 8.31 Personnel 8.32 Avalanche Test and Protective Skiing 3 AVALANCHE CHARACTERISTICS 8.33 Avalanche Blasting 3.1 Avalanche Classification 8.34 Exceptions to Safety Code 3.11 Loose Snow Avalanches 3.12 Slab Avalanches CHAPTER 9 3.2 Tyi)es 3.3 Size 9 AVALANCHE DEFENSES 3.4 Avalanche Triggers 9.1 Diversion Barriers 9.2 Stabilization Barriers CHAPTER 4 9.3 Barrier Design Factors 4 TERRAIN 9.4 Reforestation 4.1 Slope Angle CHAPTER 10 4.2 Slope Profile 4.3 Ground Cover and Vegetation 10 AVALANCHE RESCUE 4.4 Slope -
UNIVERSITY of CALGARY Estimating Extreme Snow
UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Estimating Extreme Snow Avalanche Runout for the Columbia Mountains and Fernie Area of British Columbia, Canada by: Katherine S. Johnston A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING CALGARY, ALBERTA AUGUST, 2011 ©Katherine S. Johnston 2011 ABSTRACT Extreme snow avalanche runout is typically estimated using a combination of historical and vegetation records as well as statistical and dynamic models. The two classes of statistical models (α – β and runout ratio) are based on estimating runout distance past the β-point, which is generally defined as the point where the avalanche slope incline first decreases to 10°. The parameters for these models vary from mountain range to mountain range. In Canada, α – β and runout ratio parameters have been published for the Rocky and Purcell Mountains and for the British Columbia Coastal mountains. Despite active development, no suitable tall avalanche path model parameters have been published for the Columbia Mountains or for the Lizard Range area around Fernie, BC. Using a dataset of 70 avalanche paths, statistical model parameters have been derived for these regions. In addition, the correlation between extreme and average snowfall values and avalanche runout is explored. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to Bruce Jamieson for giving me the opportunity to work on this project, and for coordinating the financial support for this project. His thoughtful advice, numerous reviews, and inspirational leadership have helped make this a fantastic experience. My thanks to Alan Jones for providing numerous hours of guidance, mentoring, and thoughtful discussion throughout this project, and for facilitating data acquisition from outside sources. -
Final Report Fhwa-Wy-09/05F Snow Supporting
FINAL REPORT FHWA-WY-09/05F State of Wyoming U.S. Department of Transportation Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration SNOW SUPPORTING STRUCTURES FOR AVALANCHE HAZARD REDUCTION, 151 AVALANCHE, HIGHWAY US 89/191, JACKSON, WYOMING By: InterAlpine Associates 83 El Camino Tesoros Sedona, Arizona 86336 April 2009 Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document. The contents of this report reflect the views of the author(s) who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Wyoming Department of Transportation or the Federal Highway Administration. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The United States Government and the State of Wyoming do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers’ names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objectives of the document. Quality Assurance Statement The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement. Technical Report Documentation Page Report No. Government Accession No. Recipients Catalog No. FHWA-WY-09/05F Report Date Title and Subtitle April 2009 Snow Supporting Structures for Avalanche Hazard Reduction, 151 Avalanche, US 89/191, Jackson, Wyoming Performing Organization Code Author(s): Rand Decker; Joshua Hewes; Scotts Merry; Perry Wood Performing Organization Report No. -
A Lta Po W D Er New S
The Official Newspaper of Alta Ski Area Number 130 - Early Winter 2007 - Page 7 S E W N R N E I O D I T D om .c E A LT W A L t a le O A b ila P C va I a n R io it d A O e e n T li T n S O L I A H George H. Watson Early photograph of Alta with the original town visible Portrait of a Utah Ski Pioneer The Alta Historical Society Circa - early 1870s. In the annals of Utah’s rich ski history, certainly A Brief History one of the most colorful personalities during The group responsible for the formation of the Alta Historical Society (AHS) included Bob (R.T.) the exciting skiing growth period of the 1930s and Karen Travis, Tony Bowman and Dale Gilson. The impetus for the organization came from and 40s was George Watson, self-appointed Bowman, who at that time was an Alta ski patrolman and a student doing his thesis at the mayor of a place he called “Romantic Alta.” University of Utah on Alta’s history. It was his intent that the new organization, when formed, As the late Sverre Engen recalled, would be a chapter under the auspices of the Utah Historical Society, located in “Watson would impose a 25 cent Salt Lake City. Bob Travis was elected the first AHS president and served from fine on anyone who omitted the 1969 through the mid 1980s. Following his and Karen’s departure, the AHS word “romantic” before men- group disbanded. -
A Comprehensive Technology Assessment for Highway Avalanche Hazard Management: ‘Choosing the Right Tool for the Job’
FINAL REPORT WYDOT WY-18/03F A Comprehensive Technology Assessment for Highway Avalanche Hazard Management: ‘Choosing the Right Tool for the Job’ Rand Decker, Ph.D., Principal Investigator 83 El Camino Tesoros, Sedona, Arizona 86336 (928) 202-8156 [email protected] Disclaimer Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) in the interest of information exchange. WYDOT assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document. WYDOT does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers’ names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document. Quality Assurance Statement WYDOT provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. WYDOT periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement. Quality Assurance Statement WYDOT provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. WYDOT periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement. Copyright No copyrighted material, except that which falls under the “fair use” clause, may be incorporated into a report without permission from the copyright owner, if the copyright owner requires such. Prior use of the material in a WYDOT or governmental publication does not necessarily constitute permission to use it in a later publication. -
Avalanche Protection and Control in the Himalayas
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Defence Science Journal Def Sci J, Vol 35, No 2, April 1985, pp 255-266 Avalanche Protection and Control in the Himalayas N. MOHANRAO Snow & Avalanche Study Establishment, Manali Abstract. The problems of snow avalanches, their prediction and control in the Himalayas have assumed great relevance and importance not only for the Army but also for the progress of the Himalayan States of Jammu & Kashmir. Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, whose upper reaches remain snowbound for nearly six months in a year. The paper discusses br~eflythe gravity of the problem and presents a broad outline of a case-study of avalanche control for Badrinath Temple and Township in Uttar Pradesh undertaken by the Snow & Avalanche Study Establishment (SASE), Manali. This and many other studies undertaken by the SASE illustrate the contribution of Defellce Science to the solution of this major problem affecting communications, tourism and hill development, as a spin-off from Defence Research. The Pirpanjals and the Great Himalayas, besides other ranges, experience heavy snow during the winter months particularly from January to March. The total snowfall is as much as 1500 cm in some years in the Western Himalayas. Storms lasting for several days bringing down at times more than 200 cm of snow in one spell lasting from 3 to 7 days are not uncommon. The problem is further accentuated when high intensities of 8 to 10 cm/hr prevail. The result is a heavy avalanche activity affecting Army posts and movements, communications, villages and winter tourism. -
Ski Ticket Info Brighton: at Resort
Ski Salt Lake Super Pass Details NOW AVAILABLE AT THE FRONT DESK Adults 13+ years old 1 day $58 2 day $114 3 day $168 4 day $224 5 day $280 6 day $336 Juniors 7-12 years old 1 day $33 2 day $64 3 day $93 4 day $124 5 day $155 6 day $186 There is a $1.00 credit card fee also for each charge. Ski Salt Lake Super Pass is valid for: Alta Ski area full day lift pass Brighton Resort superday lift pass Snowbird Ski Resort all day tram and chair pass Solitude Mountain Resort all day lift pass The Ski Salt Lake Super Pass includes round trip travel on Utah Transit Authority, ski buses and TRAX light rail. The ski buses provide services to and from Alta, Brighton, Snowbird and Solitude. UTA Ski bus service runs to April. FAQ’s Once purchased, you can upgrade your Super Pass to the AltaSnowbird ticket for an additional $32.00 payable at the ticket window. Do I have to ski/board consecutive days with my multi-day Super Pass? You can purchase 1 to 6 days of skiing or snowboarding that can be used within a 7 day window commencing on the date of first use. Are there any dates when the Super Pass is not valid? No. Your Super Pass is valid any day during the 2009-2010 season, including weekends and holidays. Do I need to redeem my Super Pass for a lift ticket each day? Yes. You will need to redeem your Super Pass for a new lift ticket each day at any Alta, Brighton, Snowbird or Solitude lift ticket window. -
The Design of Avalanche Protection Dams .Pdf
The design of avalanche protection dams. Recent practical and theoretical developments 1-DRAFT some sections still remain to be written, the document shows the intended section structure and contains draft introductory sections, sections about the design of deflecting and catching dams, and braking mounds, sections about impact pressures on walls, masts and other narrow constructions, appendixes about overrun of avalanches at Ryggfonn, loading of obstacles and a subsection about Iceland in an Appendix about laws and regulations July 25, 2006 1 Photographs on the front page: Top left: Mounds and catching dam in Neskaupstaður, eastern Iceland, photograph: Tómas Jóhannesson. Top right: A deflecting dam at Gudvangen, near Voss in western Norway, af- ter a successful deflection of an avalanche, photograph: ? ???. Bottom left: A catching dam, deflecting dam, and concrete wedges at Taconnaz, near Chamonix, France, photograph Christopher J. Keylock. Bottom right: A catching dam and a wedge at Galtür in the Paznaun valley, Tirol, Austria, photograph: ? ???. Contents 1 Introduction 9 2 Consultation with local authorities and decision makers 12 3 Overview of traditional design principles for avalanche dams 13 4 Avalanche dynamics 16 5 Deflecting and catching dams 18 5.1 Introduction . 18 5.2 Summary of the dam design procedure . 18 5.3 Dam geometry . 20 5.4 The dynamics of flow against deflecting and catching dams . 22 5.5 Supercritical overflow . 25 5.6 Upstream shock . 26 5.7 Loss of momentum in the impact with a dam . 31 5.8 Combined criteria . 32 5.9 Snow drift . 34 5.10 Comparison of proposed criteria with observations of natural avalanches that have hit dams or other obstacles . -
SEASON PASSES: up to Alta Standards
tal and the owners of Aspen Skiing. The conglomerate now owns thirteen resorts and counting. Ikon offers access to those resorts, along with over twenty additional iconic ski mountains. Unless you spend most of your season in Colorado or Park City (we hope not), the Epic pass is not very relevant to Alta Lodge guests. How- ever, both the Ikon pass and the Mountain Collective pass include Alta privileges, in addition to the varied season pass op- tions offered by Alta Ski Area. Alta’s Traditional Mountain Lodge What’s the best pass to get? The one News2018-2019 you will use the most! In our world, that’s always an Alta pass. Alta Lodge President Cliff Curry said, “I love ski vacations. I don’t even care much if the snow is not SEASON PASSES: up to Alta standards. It’s always fun to see how other lodges and mountains do it... and it’s great to ski right under the THIS YEAR, BE A LOCAL! lift line, incognito. But there is something about coming back to our home mountain For many skiers, a season pass to a fa- Snowbird, Aspen/Snowmass, Jackson here. You’d think I might be jaded after all vorite resort is like wearing a gold med- Hole and Squaw Valley/Alpine Meadows of these years, but the attraction of Alta al. It was once a badge worn by locals with access to the participating resorts just deepens with time. Every year, I find or those with the dedication to “live the at a discounted rate. -
MINUTES ALTA PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING Tuesday, October 13 2020, 3:30 PM Alta Community Center, 10351 E
MINUTES ALTA PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING Tuesday, October 13 2020, 3:30 PM Alta Community Center, 10351 E. Highway 210, Alta, Utah PRESENT: Roger Bourke, Vice Chair Rob Voye Dave Abraham Jeff Niermeyer Harris Sondak, Mayor (ex-officio) ABSENT: Jon Nepstad, Chair STAFF PRESENT: John Guldner, Town Administrator Chris Cawley, Assistant Town Administrator Polly McLean, Town Attorney OTHERS: Mike Maughan, Alta Ski Area; Jarret Pelletier, Ennead Architects 1. INTRODUCTION, READING OF THE LETTER OF DETERMINATION, AND WELCOME FROM THE CHAIR Vice-Chair Roger Bourke called the meeting to order at 3:30 PM and read the Letter of Determination to hold the meeting without an anchor location. 2. APPROVAL OF MINUTES FROM THE JULY 28, 2020 PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING Assistant Town Administrator Chris Cawley noted that Chair Jon Nepstad’s name was spelled incorrectly throughout the document. He requested that this be corrected. MOTION: Jeff Niermeyer moved that the Planning Commission APPROVE the minutes of the July 28, 2020 Planning Commission minutes, with the corrections mentioned. Rob Voye seconded the motion. The motion passed with unanimous consent of the Commission. 3. UPDATE ON ACTIVITIES FROM THE ALTA SKI LIFT COMPANY – Mike Maughan, Alta Ski Area Mike Maughan provided an update from the Alta Ski Area. In March, the Ski Area was shut down and they did their best to take care of their employees in getting them where they needed to be. Fortunately, over 75% of their expected visits had already occurred, and the Ski Area broke even for the season. Last year, they started the Alf’s expansion project, and that would be wrapping up before the upcoming ski season. -
Chapter 3: the Affected Environment
Chapter 3: The Affected Environment 3.0 THE AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3.0.1 Introduction Chapter 3 – The Affected Environment describes the physical and biological environment (e.g., water resources, wildlife, etc.) as well as the human environment (e.g., social and economic factors, recreation, etc.), which may be affected by the range of alternatives, as described in Chapter 2 - Alternatives. Much of the information on the affected environment is compiled from detailed technical reports and other analyses prepared by the USFS and consultants. Some of these reports are attached to this FEIS as appendices. All reports are available for review as part of the Analysis File maintained for this project at the MBSNF Supervisor’s Office. References cited in this FEIS are provided in Chapter 5 - References. 3.0.2 Analysis Area The “analysis area” (referred to as the “Study Area” throughout this document) varies by resource area. The Study Area includes all public (USFS) lands as well as private land owned by Ski Lifts, Inc. and other land holders. When discussing individual projects within the Study Area, the following terms are used to distinguish the different locations within the SUP: Summit East, Summit Central, and Summit West, are collectively referred to as “The Summit.” Alpental, when discussed individually, is referred to as “Alpental.” All four ski areas are collectively referred to as “The Summit-at-Snoqualmie.” Figure 3.0-1, Study Area illustrates the boundaries of the Study Area, including The Summit and Alpental. Figure 3.0-2, 5th Field Watersheds illustrates the boundaries of the two 5th field watersheds used in this FEIS analysis: the South Fork Snoqualmie River Watershed (S.F.