DOCSLIB.ORG

The Impact of Economic Reforms on Health Indicators in Guyana Caribbean Studies, Vol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Impact of Economic Reforms on Health Indicators in Guyana Caribbean Studies, Vol Caribbean Studies ISSN: 0008-6533 iec.ics@upr.edu Instituto de Estudios del Caribe Puerto Rico Gafar, John The impact of economic reforms on health indicators in Guyana Caribbean Studies, vol. 33, núm. 1, january-june, 2005, pp. 149-176 Instituto de Estudios del Caribe San Juan, Puerto Rico Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=39233106 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC REFORMS... 149 THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC REFORMS ON HEALTH INDICATORS IN GUYANA John Gafar ABSTRACT This paper examines the performance of the health indicators in Guyana during the period of economic reforms. With economic reforms implemented in 1988 there have been impressive rates of economic growth. As a result, the health indicators in Guyana improved, immunization rates increased substantially, and mal- nutrition rates declined. There is a direct correlation between health outcomes and the level of education. Keywords: economic reforms, health care system, health expenditures, immunization, malnutrition, health indicators and growth RESUMEN Este trabajo examina el rendimiento de los indicadores de salud en Guyana durante el período de reformas económicas. Con las reformas económicas implementadas en 1988 se han logrado impresionantes tasas de desarrollo económico. Como resul- tado, los indicadores de salud en Guyana mejoraron, las tasas de vacunación aumentaron sustancialmente y la malnutrición disminuyó. Existe una correlación directa entre los resultados de salud y los niveles de educación. Palabras clave: reformas económicas, sistema de salud, gastos de salud, inmunización, desnutrición, indicadores de salud y desarrollo RÉSUMÉ Ce document examine le résultat des indicateurs de santé en Guyane pendant la période des réformes économiques. Suite à des réformes mises en vigueur en 1988, des taux impression- nants de croissance économique ont été remarqués, ce qui a permis l’augmentation considérable du taux d’immunisation, la baisse du taux de malnutrition et l’amélioration des indicateurs de santé en Guyane. Il existe une corrélation directe entre les Vol. 33, No. 1 (January - June 2005), 149-176 Caribbean Studies 150 JOHN GAFAR résultats de santé et l’éducation. Mots-clés: réformes économiques, système de santé, dépenses de santé, immunisation, malnutrition, indicateurs de santé et de croissance. Received: 19 April 2004. Revision received: 7 December 2004. Accepted: 9 December 2004. uyana is a small, open, poor, heavily indebted, low-income country located on the northern coast Gof South America. It is the only English-speaking country in South America that has strong historical and cultural ties to the Anglophone Caribbean countries. The country is rich in mineral resources, biodiversity, and lands. However, the country remains one of the four poorest nations in the Western hemisphere because of past failed statist policies. Since independence in 1966, Guyana’s economy has gone through three main phases. The first phase lasted until 1988 as the country pursued a state interventionist socialist economic policy, which proved to be a disaster. State control of the economy was characterized with excessive controls, a bloated and cor- rupt bureaucracy, negative economic growth, falling standard of living, widespread poverty, declining health and social indica- tors, mounting foreign debt, reductions in social expenditures, massive emigration of skilled workers, unsustainable trade and fiscal deficits, inflation, human rights abuses, rigged elections, and autocratic and racist rule. (See Gafar 2003 and World Bank 1993b, 1994, 2002). Gross Domestic Product (GDP) declined in real terms at an annual average rate of 3 percent in the 1980s. The World Bank (2002: 37) reports that the “historically well- performing health system of Guyana saw substantial erosion in the 1980s” as a result of years of economic decline. The second phase started with the implementation of an IMF-World Bank economic recovery program (ERP) in 1988. The ERP included the elimination of price and quantitative controls, trade liberaliza- tion, competitive (flexible) exchange rates, reductions in public expenditures, downsizing of government, privatization of state Caribbean Studies Vol. 33, No. 1 (January - June 2005), 149-176 THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC REFORMS... 151 owned enterprises, and expanded spending for social services. The results of the ERP has been impressive: the economy grew at an annual rate of 7.1 percent during 1991-97, poverty fell from 43.2 percent in 1993 to 35 percent in 1999, per capita GDP increased from US$290 in 1990 to US$710 in 2001, and inflation has been reduced to single digit. However, per capita GDP is barely higher than the mid 1970s. Since the December 1997 general elections the country has entered the third phase characterized by economic stagnation, severe political disturbances, and exogenous shocks. These shocks include adverse weather conditions, falling export prices for rice, sugar, gold and bauxite, and deterioration in the terms of trade. As a result of these factors, economic growth stag- nated, averaging 0.4 percent during 1998-2001. The purpose of this paper is to examine the performance of the health indicators during the period of economic reforms. World Health Organization (1998: 39) defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” There are no “suitable mea- surements” that are available to encompass WHO’s definition of health. Behrman (1996) argues that life expectancy at birth is often used as a “summary measure of health and nutrition status,” the better the health and nutrition are, the longer will be life expectancy. Infant and child mortality rates are also used as a summary indicator of health and nutrition in international com- parisons. This paper is organized as follows: Section II describes briefly the health care system. Section III examines the alloca- tion of resources to the health sector. Section IV examines the immunization rates, and Section V deals with malnutrition rates, so that public health prevention practices can be related to health outcomes. Section VI examines the trend and determinants of the health indicators, to wit, crude birth weight, crude death rate, life expectancy, infant mortality rate, etc. And, finally, the paper ends with some broad conclusions. Vol. 33, No. 1 (January - June 2005), 149-176 Caribbean Studies 152 JOHN GAFAR II: The Health Care System of Guyana The public sector is the major provider of health care services, although in recent years there has been an increase in private providers. The Ministry of Health is responsible for establishing regulations, determining national health policies, developing legislation, accreditation of health facilities, and enforcement of standards for the provision of health care services. Health services in the public sector are based on a five-tiered structure and an upward-moving referral system.1 Level I includes Health Posts (166 in total), and community health workers staff them. Level II comprises of Health Centers (149 in total). These are staffed with a public health nurse, a dental nurse, and a midwife. Levels I and II focus mainly on preventive care, and very little on curative care. Most of the health posts and health centers are located in the rural areas and serve primarily the poor. Level III consists of 19 district hospitals that provide basic in-patient and out-patient care, and simple radiological and laboratory services. Level IV includes four regional hospitals (located in urban areas) that provide general in- and out-patient services, diagnostic services, and specialist ser- vices in obstetrics and gynecology, general medicine, and surgery. Level V includes the National Referral Hospital (Georgetown Public Hospital), the Psychiatric Hospital in Canje, and the Geri- atric Hospital in Georgetown. The Georgetown Public Hospital is a teaching hospital that also trains doctors and nurses. A large share of the health budget is allocated for the operations of the Georgetown Public Hospital and the four regional hospitals that are urban based and are heavily involved in curative care. Services provided by the public hospitals are free of cost, but there are a few services and private room accommodations for which patients are required to pay. The World Bank (2002) points out that the extremely poor quality care (or, in many instances, no care) provided by the health clinics and health centers (Levels I-III) have forced patients to ignore these services, and seek care directly at the Georgetown Public Hospital or from private providers. Since many of the Caribbean Studies Vol. 33, No. 1 (January - June 2005), 149-176 THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC REFORMS... 153 services provided at hospitals are ambulatory and could be pro- vided less expensively at the lower levels, the World Bank (2002) notes that this “run to quality” increases the cost of providing public health. The generally poor quality of care at the health posts and health centers forces many people, including the poor, to travel long distances to seek medical care or pay high fees to private medical practitioners. One of the problems of the public health care system in Guyana is that funding is tied to consump- tion of resources rather than efficiency and quality (World Bank 2002). The World Bank (2002: 40) points out that statistics on basic performance variables (i.e. inputs, outputs, outcomes) are not “systematically” collected by the Ministry of Health, which means it is not possible to “calculate unit costs for health services, to know when a facility or region is using the resources more or less effectively or to know if spending is having an effect on people’s health.” According to the National Development Strategy, there are about ten hospitals, diagnostic facilities and clinics that belong to the private sector, and these are located in Georgetown and in other urban centers.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Comparative Study of Cervical Cancer Among Indigenous Amerindian, Afro-Guyanese, and Indo-Guyanese Women in Guyana
    Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2017 A Comparative Study of Cervical Cancer Among Indigenous Amerindian, Afro-Guyanese, and Indo- Guyanese Women in Guyana Carol Jones-Williams Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Public Health Education and Promotion Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact ScholarWorks@waldenu.edu. Walden University College of Health Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Carol Jones-Williams has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Donald Goodwin, Committee Chairperson, Public Health Faculty Dr. Shingairai Feresu, Committee Member, Public Health Faculty Dr. Michael Furukawa, University Reviewer, Public Health Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2016 Abstract A Comparative Study of Cervical Cancer among Indigenous Amerindian, Afro- Guyanese, and Indo-Guyanese Women in Guyana by Carol Jones-Williams MPH, Walden University, 2012 MA, New York University, 1997 BSc, York College, City University of New York, 1994 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health, Epidemiology Walden University September 2016 Abstract Cervical cancer is a major public health problem in developing countries. In Guyana, factors associated with increasing cervical cancer cases among Indigenous Amerindian women (IAW), Afro- women (AGW), and Indo-Guyanese women (IGW) have not been fully examined.
    [Show full text]
  • EPI) Henry Smith (With Additional Notes by Beryl Irons)
    THE Expanded PROGRAMME ON Immunisation (EPI) Henry Smith (with additional notes by Beryl Irons) Introduction first Expanded Programme on Immunisation Unit out of the The Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) was PAHO/WHO Regional Office in Washington, DC. Among established in the Americas at the XXV Meeting of the Directing other responsibilities the office had to provide technical Council of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) advice, administrative support and general guidance to the in September 1977. The initiative was to reduce morbidity EPI programmes which were to be organised in the Region and mortality due to common vaccine preventable diseases of the Americas, including the Caribbean. by developing and expanding permanent immunisation services within primary health care. These services existed In August 1977, Mr Henry Smith (Fig. 10.1), a WHO Technical to administer smallpox, tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, Officer who had organised and managed a programme tetanus and poliomyelitis vaccines, but the management which successfully eliminated smallpox from Kenya in East system in the countries was unable to expand coverage Africa, was transferred to PAHO/WHO. He spent one month to levels that would interrupt transmission of the vaccine in PAHO/WHO Washington’s office where he was briefed preventable diseases. One exception was smallpox which and asked to develop a plan to organise and implement was eliminated some decades before 1977 due to sustained what was to be the birth of the Expanded Programme on compulsory vaccination over many years. In addition, Immunisation (EPI) in the Caribbean sub-region. vaccination coverage rates were neither recorded nor known, as there was no estimate or denominator of the population The late Dr Patrick Hamilton was Director of the Caribbean Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Human Health
    Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean LIMITED LC/CAR/L.317 22 October 2011 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE HEALTH SECTOR IN GUYANA __________ This document has been reproduced without formal editing i Notes and explanations of symbols: The following symbols have been used in this study: A full stop (.) is used to indicate decimals n.a. is used to indicate that data are not available The use of a hyphen (-) between years, for example, 2010-2019, signifies an annual average for the calendar years involved, including the beginning and ending years, unless otherwise specified. The word ―dollar‖ refers to United States dollars, unless otherwise specified. The term ―billion‖ refers to a thousand million. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. ii Acknowledgements The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Elizabeth Emmanuel, consultant, in the preparation of this report. iii Table of contents Notes and explanations of symbols: .................................................................................................... i List of acronyms ................................................................................................................................. vi I. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF REPORT ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Eradicating Poverty and Unifying Guyana
    NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Eradicating Poverty and Unifying Guyana A Civil Society Document - AN OVERVIEW - I GUYANA - BASIC INFORMATION • Guyana, with an area of 83,000 square miles or 215,000 square kilometres, is located on the northern coast of South America, and is the only English-speaking country on that continent. It is bounded on the north by the Atlantic Ocean, on the east by Surinam, on the south and south-west by Brazil, and on the west and north-west by Venezuela. • Guyana is physically divided into four types of landforms: (i) a flat coastal, clayey belt which is about 4.5 feet below sea level, and in which most of its agricultural activity occurs; (ii) a sand belt, to the south of the coastal belt, which includes the Intermediate Savannas; (iii) an undulating, central peneplain which comprises more than half of the country’s area, and in which are located lush, almost pristine, tropical forests, and extensive mineral deposits. This landform stretches from the sand belt to the country’s southern boundary and encompasses, also, the Rupununi Savannas which border Brazil; and (iv) the highlands which are to be found in the midwestern area. This portion of the Guiana Highlands includes the Pakaraima mountain range. • Guyana has a plentitude of natural resources: fertile agricultural lands on the coastal plain and in the riverain areas; vast areas of tropical hardwood forests of various ecosystems and with a multitude of plant and animal species; abundant fish and shrimping grounds, both in its numerous rivers and in the Atlantic Ocean to its north; and a wide variety of minerals, including gold, diamonds, a range of semi-precious stones, bauxite and manganese.
    [Show full text]
  • Caribbean Resilience and Prosperity Through One Health
    1 Caribbean Resilience and Prosperity Through ONE HEALTH Editors: Chris Oura Adana Mahase-Gibson Craig Stephen Caribbean Resilience and Prosperity Through ONE HEALTH The ACP S&T II Programme is Implemented by the ACP Group of States Programme co-founded by the European Union Statement on funding: The One Health One Caribbean One Love project was implemented by the University of the West Indies (UWI), St. Augustine, in collaboration with its project partners and affiliates. The project was funded by the European Union (EU) and managed by the African Caribbean Pacific Group of States (ACP) Science and Technology Programme (S&T II), through the ACP Group of States, in collaboration with the 10th EDF Project titled “Support to the Forum of Caribbean States in the implementation of the commitments undertaken under the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA): Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures”, Implemented by the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA). Project partners and affiliates: PAHO/WHO - Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization CIRAD - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement CaribVET - The Caribbean Animal Health Network FAO - Food and Agriculture Organisation IICA - Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Guyana Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry and Fisheries, Grenada Ministry of Agriculture, Co-operatives, Fisheries, Lands and Housing, St. Kitts and Nevis Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative Disclaimer: This book is intended to show the need for One Health in the Caribbean and to reveal the capacity to meet this need. It is not a complete account of all people and programmes relevant and active in One Health in the region nor is it a textbook on One Health approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • 2017–2021 October 2017
    PUBLIC SIMULTANEOUS DISCLOSURE DOCUMENT OF THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK AND THE INTER-AMERICAN INVESTMENT CORPORATION IDB GROUP COUNTRY STRATEGY WITH THE COOPERATIVE REPUBLIC OF GUYANA 2017–2021 OCTOBER 2017 This document was prepared under the leadership of Sophie Makonnen (CCB/CGY), with Emily Brearley (CCB/CCB), Mark Wenner (CCB/CGY), Sharon Miller (CCB/CGY), Musheer Kamau (CCB/CCB), Mariko Russell (ICS/CSU), Sasha Baxter (CCB/CCB), Dillon Clarke (CCB/CGY), Moises Schwartz (CCB/CCB), Francesca Castellani (CAN/CAN), Olga Gomez (SPD/SDV), Vitor Goncalves (SPD/SDV), Maria Jordan (CCB/CCB), Paula Grant-Louis (FMP/CGY), Emilie Chapuis (FMP/CGY), Sabine Rieble-Aubourg (SCL/EDU), Patricio Zambrano-Barragan (CSD/HUD), Nathyeli Acuna Castillo (SCL/GDI), Maria Eugenia de Diego (SCL/LMK), David Cotacachi (SCL/GDI), Donna Harris (SCL/SPH), Marcella Distrutti (SCL/SPH), Claudia Stevenson(IFD/CTI), Jaiwattie Anganu (IFD/CMF), Francesco de Simone (IFD/ICS), Mario Umana (INT/TIN), Leslie Harper (IFD/FMM), Brian McNish (INE/TSP), Christopher Persaud (INE/TSP), Carlos Echeverria (INE/ENE), Gerard Alleng (CSD/CCS), Luis Miguel Aparicio (CSD/CCS), Rene Cortes Forero (INE/TSP), Norma Pena Arango (SCL/GDI), Ivan Corbacho Morales (INE/TSP), Yvon Mellinger (INE/WSA), Rafael Matas Trillo (INO/IEN), Marcelo Paz (IIC-DSP/DCO), Maria Cecilia Acevedo (IIC-DSP/DCO), Samuel Moreno Gonzalez (INT/TIN), Juan de Dios Mattos (CSD/RND), and Graham Watkins (VPS/ESG). This document is being released to the public and distributed to the Bank’s Board of Executive Directors simultaneously. This document has not been approved by the Board. Should the Board approve the document with amendments, a revised version will be made available to the public, thus superseding and replacing the original version.
    [Show full text]
  • Health Vision 2020
    Health Vision 2020 “Health for all in Guyana” A National Health Strategy for Guyana 2013 -2020 DECEMBER 2013 Ministry of Health Guyana 2 Acknowledgement The preparation of Health Vision 2020 reflects the collaborative work of a number of governmental agencies, programmes and stakeholders under the leadership of the Ministry of Health. The technical drafting and coordination of the strategy development was completed by the Planning Unit of the Ministry, led by my office and facilitated with assistance from Pan- American Health Organization/ World Health Organization Consultant. We are grateful for the considered support and technical cooperation given by the PAHO/WHO, whose assistance made possible the successful completion of this critical document. I wish to recognize the invaluable contribution by the Honourable Minister Dr. Bheri Ramsaran in providing guidance on the overall vision and general strategic direction aligned to the government’s health commitment to the people of Guyana. The insight of the Parliamentary Secretary, Mr. Joseph Hamilton, Permanent Secretary, Mr. Leslie Cadogan and Deputy Permanent Secretary, Mr. Trevor Thomas in supporting the development of the strategic framework, defining the polices for Health Vision 2020 and ensuring wide stakeholder contribution added tremendous value to the multifaceted inputs into the strategy. I, on behalf of the Ministry, take this opportunity to acknowledge the contributions made by stakeholders within and outside the health sector of Guyana, in particular our programme directors and health workers, regional officers and other managers in the health system, clinicians in the private and public sectors, counterparts in other sectors and government agencies, civil society organizations, faith based organizations, the media and other partners in health.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Tenth Parliament Of
    PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE FIRST SESSION (2012-2014) OF THE TENTH PARLIAMENT OF GUYANA UNDER THE CONSTITUTION OF THE CO-OPERATIVE REPUBLIC OF GUYANA HELD IN THE PARLIAMENT CHAMBER, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, BRICKDAM, GEORGETOWN 74TH Sitting Wednesday, 2ND April, 2014 The Assembly convened at 2.25 p.m. Prayers [Mr. Speaker in the Chair] QUESTION ON NOTICE For Written Replies CONSTRUCTION OF THE PARAMAKATOI PRIMARY SCHOOL Mrs. Marcello: (i) Could the Hon. Minister tell this House why construction of the Paramakatoi Primary School, Region 8 that started in April, 2012, has not been completed? (ii) Could the Hon. Minister tell this House when construction of the Paramakatoi Primary School would be completed? No reply received. PERSONAL EXPLANATIONS 1 Minister of Education [Ms. Manickchand]: Thank you, Sir. May it please you, Mr. Speaker. I made a remark yesterday while Mrs. Lawrence was speaking and I want to make it clear that that remark was not intended to disrupt Mrs. Lawrence - in fact, I have said that to her myself - or to, in any way, disrupt the House and/or offend Your Honour in any way. Mr. Speaker: Thank you, Hon. Minister. Hon. Members, we will resume the debate on the Budget for the year 2014. PUBLIC BUSINESS GOVERNMENT’S BUSINESS MOTION BUDGET SPEECH 2014 - MOTION FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE ESTIMATES OF EXPENDITURE FOR 2014 “WHEREAS the Constitution of Guyana requires that Estimates of the Revenue and Expenditure of Guyana for any financial year should be laid before the National Assembly; AND WHEREAS the
    [Show full text]
  • Appraisal and Conclusions from the 1994-2009 Review of the Implementation of the Cairo Programme of Action in the Caribbean
    Project document Appraisal and Conclusions from the 1994-2009 Review of the Implementation of the Cairo Programme of Action in the Caribbean Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) The document was prepared under the direction of Neil Pierre, Director of the ECLAC Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean. The coordination was done by Taeke Gjaltema, Population Affairs Officer, Subregional Headquarters of the Caribbean of ECLAC. It was written and prepared by Taeke Gjaltema, Petrina Lee Poy and Louise Ebbenson. Harold Robinson coordinated the participation of UNFPA in the preparation of the report while contributions were made by Glen Smith (UNFPA) and Jewel Quallo-Rosberg (UNFPA). Furthermore, the preparation of the report benefited from comments of Paulo Saad (ECLAC), Hetty Sarjeant and Easton Williams. Maureen Afoon, Maren Jiménez and Fernanda Stang revised the text. UNFPA provided valuable financial support for both the organisation of the seminars and the preparation of the reports. The views expressed in this document, which has been reproduced without formal editing, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization. Cover design: Alejandro Vicuña Leyton LC/W.318 Copyright © United Nations, February 2010. All rights reserved Printed in Santiago, Chile – United Nations ECLAC – Project Documents collection Appraisal and Conclusions from the 1994-2009 Review of the Implementation… Contents Abstract...........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Eleventh Parliament Of
    PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE FIRST SESSION (2015-2016) OF THE ELEVENTH PARLIAMENT OF GUYANA UNDER THE CONSTITUTION OF THE CO-OPERATIVE REPUBLIC OF GUYANA HELD IN THE PARLIAMENT CHAMBER, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, BRICKDAM, GEORGETOWN 41ST Sitting Thursday, 4th August, 2016 The Assembly convened at 2.10 p.m. Prayers [Mr. Speaker in the Chair] ANNOUNCEMENTS BY THE SPEAKER Leave from Sitting Mr. Speaker: Hon. Members, leave has been granted today for the Hon. Member Mr. Zulfikar Mustapha to be absent. Birthday greetings Mr. Speaker: It has been drawn to my attention that congratulations are in order for one of our Members who has attained another milestone. I speak of the Hon. Minister of Finance, Mr. Winston Jordan, whose birthday it is today. [Applause] PRESENTATION OF PAPERS AND REPORTS The following reports were laid: (1) Financial Paper No. 1/2016 – Supplementary Estimates (Current and Capital) – Advances made from the Contingencies Fund totalling $931,018,292 for the period 1st January, 2016 to 28th July, 2016. (2) Financial Paper No. 2/2016 – Supplementary Estimates (Current and Capital) totalling $2,089,699,085 for the period 1st January, 2016 to 31st December, 2016. 1 (3) The Petroleum (Exploration and Production) (Tax Laws) (Esso Exploration and Production Limited, CNOOCNexen Petroleum Guyana Limited and Hess Guyana Exploration Limited) Order 2016 – No. 10/2016. (4) The Excise Tax (Amendment) Regulations 2016 – No. 4/2016. (5) Dollar Credit Line Agreement dated March 16, 2016 between the Government of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana and the Export-Import Bank of India for US$50,000,000.00 for the East Bank-East Coast Road Linkage Project.
    [Show full text]
  • GUYANA COUNTRY COOPERATION STRATEGY 2016-2020 Strengthening Health Systems to Achieve Universal Health GUYANA COUNTRY COOPERATION STRATEGY 2016-2020
    GUYANA COUNTRY COOPERATION STRATEGY 2016-2020 Strengthening Health Systems to Achieve Universal Health GUYANA COUNTRY COOPERATION STRATEGY 2016-2020 Table of Contents Acronyms Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………………….. 1 Foreword .…………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Foreword: Minister of Public Health………………………………………………………….. 6 1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………… 8 2. Health and Development Situation .……………………………………………………… 10 2.1 The country’s main health achievements and challenges .…………………………… 10 2.2 The country’s landscape of development cooperation, partnerships, and collaboration with the UN and obligations under regional resolutions, agreements, and commitments …………………………………………………………………….. 22 3. Review of PAHO/WHO’s cooperation during the past CCS Cycle …………………….. 24 4. Strategic Agenda for WHO’s cooperation ………………………………………………. 28 5. Implementing the Strategic Agenda: implications for the entire WHO Secretariat ……... 38 6. Evaluation of the CCS …………………………………………………………………… 42 References …………………………………………………………………………………… 44 Tables Table 1. Strategic Priorities and Focus Areas .……………………………………………….. 29 Table 2. Initial Support required from the Organization ……….……………………………. 39 Figures 1. Population Pyramid Guyana 2012 ………………………………………………………… 46 2. Basic indicators for Guyana, 2013 (Global Health Observatory) …………………………. 47 3. Linkages of Priority Areas with PAHO/WHO’s Strategic Plan, Health Vision ………….. 48 i GUYANA COUNTRY COOPERATION STRATEGY 2016-2020 ACRONYMS ART Antiretroviral Therapy BWP Biennial Work Plan CARPHA
    [Show full text]
  • II Context and Dimensions of Population and Development
    FOR PARTICIPANTS ONLY REFERENCE DOCUMENT DDR/2 10 September 2009 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) Regional Seminar "Key advances and actions for the implementation of the Cairo Programme of Action, 15 years after its adoption" 7 - 8 October 2009 REVIEW AND APPRAISAL OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CAIRO PROGRAMME OF ACTION IN THE CARIBBEAN (1994-2009) This document was presented at the Caribbean subregional meeting to asses the implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) 15 years after its adoption, took place in St John's, Antigua and Barbuda, on the 20 and 21 August 2009. The views expressed in this document, which has been reproduced without formal editing, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization. Table of Contents A. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 B. Context and Dimensions of Population and Development............................................................................... 5 1. Population Trends in the Caribbean..................................................................................................... 5 2. Economic Trends in the Caribbean...................................................................................................... 7 3. Social trend in the Caribbean..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]