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OHIO Ohio Ranks 7Th Among the States in Number of Local Governments

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OHIO Ohio Ranks 7Th Among the States in Number of Local Governments OHIO Townships with 3,500 to 5,000 residents in an unincorporated territory may adopt a limited Ohio ranks 7th among the states in number of home rule government upon petition of voters local governments with 3,702 as of October after a referendum. Townships with 5,000 or 2007. more population in their unincorporated area may adopt limited home rule government COUNTY GOVERNMENTS (88) powers, either after voter approval or by resolution of the board of township trustees There are no areas in Ohio lacking county under certain conditions. Such townships with government. The county governing body is 15,000 or more population are called “urban called the board of county commissioners. All townships.” but one county in Ohio operates in accordance with general statutes, although they may also PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS (668) organize, with voter approval, either under an alternate statutory form or under home rule School District Governments (668) charter. As of October 2007, Summit County is The following types of school districts in Ohio are the only county to adopt one of the alternate counted as separate governments for census forms (home rule charter). Its governing body is purposes: called the county council. City school districts SUBCOUNTY GENERAL PURPOSE GOVERNMENTS (2,246) Local school districts The 2,246 subcounty general purpose Exempted village school districts governments in Ohio comprise the 938 municipal (authorization for formation of any (city and village) governments, and the 1,308 additional exempted village school township governments. districts, however, has been repealed) Municipal Governments (938) Community college districts Municipal governments in Ohio are the cities Joint vocational school districts (incorporated places having 5,000 inhabitants or more) and villages (incorporated places with An elected board of education governs each city fewer than 5,000 inhabitants). Cities and school district, local school district, or exempted villages may exist within township areas; village school district. These districts may levy however, when the boundaries of a township are local school taxes and issue bonds with voter coterminous with the boundaries of a city or approval. village, the township ceases to exist as a separate government. The minimum population A school district previously under state requirement for incorporation is 1,600 for a supervision (“municipal school district”) may be village and 25,000 for a city. governed by a board whose members either are elected or appointed by the mayor of the Township Governments (1,308) municipality containing the greatest portion of the district’s area. The entire area of the state is encompassed by township governments, except for townships that Community college districts may be established are coterminous with a city or village. Townships by resolution of one or more counties having a that are coterminous with a city or village are not total population of 75,000 or more, or by petition counted as separate governments in census to the county board of elections. Approvals by statistics on governments. Township the voters and by the state board of regents are governments are governed by boards of required. A board of trustees, with three township trustees. members appointed by the Governor with the consent of the senate and six members center for supervision of local schools. They are appointed by the board of county governed by an elected board. Joint educational commissioners, governs each district. service centers may be formed by up to five Community college districts may establish fees counties. Joint centers are governed by elected and tuition, levy school taxes and issue revenue boards as well, and may include additional and general obligation bonds. Tax levies and members appointed by the elected members. general obligation bonds require voter approval. These centers are not counted as governments, but are classified as a dependent activity of the Joint vocational school districts are established county government(s) they serve. for joint support of vocational schools by two or more regular school districts, with approval by Authorizing legislation for ''Joint high school the state board of education. The joint vocational districts'' was repealed in 1993. school district board consists of representatives from the boards of the participating school County school financing districts may be formed districts. Joint vocational school districts may by an educational service center to finance issue bonds and levy ad valorem taxes with voter special education, school improvements, and approval. They are counted as school district specified educational programs. These districts governments in census reporting. A joint are governed by an educational service center vocational school district, if it is located within a board within its service area. Because county single county, may as an alternative, be school finance districts participate in activities on governed by the educational service center behalf of the educational service centers, they board. are not counted as separate governments for census purposes. Dependent Public School Systems (0) Cooperative education school districts may be Ohio has no dependent public school systems. formed out of existing county school financing districts, for the purpose of operating a joint high Other Educational Activities school, by identical resolutions of a majority of the individual school districts in the service area. Ohio law permits school districts to enter into The district may be governed by the educational agreements for joint or cooperative provision of service center board serving ex-officio, or by a facilities, programs, projects, activities, or board composed of at least one member services, subject to the approval of the state appointed by each participating school district, superintendent of public instruction. Pursuant to and one or more members appointed by the this law, Ohio Education Computer Network educational service center. These districts are facilities and special education regional resource classified as activities of the school districts they centers have been established. serve and are not counted as separate governments. Technical college districts are created by the state board of regents after local school boards Prior to September 4, 1947, school districts were or qualified voters submit a resolution or petition permitted to establish by resolution free public after a referendum in affected areas. Such libraries. The law provides for the continuance of districts are largely state supported. They are not those in existence at that time. Such a library is counted as governments in census reporting, but classified for census purposes as a dependent are classified as state institutions. In addition, agency of the establishing school district, and is there are state community college districts, with not counted as a separate government. A board trustees appointed by the Governor with consent of trustees appointed by the school district board of the senate, that are classified as state governs each such library. While the sponsoring institutions and are not counted as separate school district may levy an ad valorem tax for governments. library purposes, most libraries are financed from the proceeds of a portion of the state income tax Each county comprises an educational service (distributed on the basis of budgets submitted by the library boards of trustees to the board of more townships and one or more municipalities, education of the school district) that is made or by joint resolution of two or more townships or available to libraries that offer free library service of two or more municipalities. A board of to all county residents. trustees, selected from the governing boards of the participating governments, governs each SPECIAL DISTRICT GOVERNMENTS (700) district. The district may impose charges, levy ad valorem taxes, and issue bonds upon voter Ohio statutes authorize the creation of a variety approval. of special districts or authorities that are counted as governments. These are discussed in detail Joint Fire and Ambulance Districts below. These districts are established by joint resolution Conservancy Districts of the governing bodies of a joint fire district and a joint ambulance district whose geographic These districts provide for flood control, service areas are identical. Districts may also be reclamation, irrigation, water conservation, water established by resolution of the governing bodies supply, and sewage disposal within a given area. of one or more townships and one or more They may be established by the court of municipalities, or by joint resolution of two or common pleas of a single county, or by joint more townships or two or more municipalities. A action of the courts of two or more counties, on board of trustees, which is appointed as provided petition of landowners or governing bodies of by the authorizing agreement, governs each public corporations or watershed districts and district. The district may fix charges and, after after hearing. The district board of directors is referendum, may levy ad valorem taxes and appointed by the court of common pleas. issue general obligations bonds. On creation of Conservancy districts may issue bonds, levy the joint fire and ambulance district, the special benefit assessments, and fix rates for the participating districts cease to exist as separate sale of water. Irrigation districts may also be governments. formed under this chapter.
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