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State of Ambiguity: Civic Life and Culture in Cuba's First Republic
STATE OF AMBIGUITY STATE OF AMBIGUITY CiviC Life and CuLture in Cuba’s first repubLiC STEVEN PALMER, JOSÉ ANTONIO PIQUERAS, and AMPARO SÁNCHEZ COBOS, editors Duke university press 2014 © 2014 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-f ree paper ♾ Designed by Heather Hensley Typeset in Minion Pro by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data State of ambiguity : civic life and culture in Cuba’s first republic / Steven Palmer, José Antonio Piqueras, and Amparo Sánchez Cobos, editors. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8223-5630-1 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-8223-5638-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Cuba—History—19th century. 2. Cuba—History—20th century. 3. Cuba—Politics and government—19th century. 4. Cuba—Politics and government—20th century. 5. Cuba— Civilization—19th century. 6. Cuba—Civilization—20th century. i. Palmer, Steven Paul. ii. Piqueras Arenas, José A. (José Antonio). iii. Sánchez Cobos, Amparo. f1784.s73 2014 972.91′05—dc23 2013048700 CONTENTS Introduction: Revisiting Cuba’s First Republic | 1 Steven Palmer, José Antonio Piqueras, and Amparo Sánchez Cobos 1. A Sunken Ship, a Bronze Eagle, and the Politics of Memory: The “Social Life” of the USS Maine in Cuba (1898–1961) | 22 Marial Iglesias Utset 2. Shifting Sands of Cuban Science, 1875–1933 | 54 Steven Palmer 3. Race, Labor, and Citizenship in Cuba: A View from the Sugar District of Cienfuegos, 1886–1909 | 82 Rebecca J. Scott 4. Slaughterhouses and Milk Consumption in the “Sick Republic”: Socio- Environmental Change and Sanitary Technology in Havana, 1890–1925 | 121 Reinaldo Funes Monzote 5. -
Ever Faithful
Ever Faithful Ever Faithful Race, Loyalty, and the Ends of Empire in Spanish Cuba David Sartorius Duke University Press • Durham and London • 2013 © 2013 Duke University Press. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ∞ Tyeset in Minion Pro by Westchester Publishing Services. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Sartorius, David A. Ever faithful : race, loyalty, and the ends of empire in Spanish Cuba / David Sartorius. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 0- 8223- 5579- 3 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978- 0- 8223- 5593- 9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Blacks— Race identity— Cuba—History—19th century. 2. Cuba— Race relations— History—19th century. 3. Spain— Colonies—America— Administration—History—19th century. I. Title. F1789.N3S27 2013 305.80097291—dc23 2013025534 contents Preface • vii A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s • xv Introduction A Faithful Account of Colonial Racial Politics • 1 one Belonging to an Empire • 21 Race and Rights two Suspicious Affi nities • 52 Loyal Subjectivity and the Paternalist Public three Th e Will to Freedom • 94 Spanish Allegiances in the Ten Years’ War four Publicizing Loyalty • 128 Race and the Post- Zanjón Public Sphere five “Long Live Spain! Death to Autonomy!” • 158 Liberalism and Slave Emancipation six Th e Price of Integrity • 187 Limited Loyalties in Revolution Conclusion Subject Citizens and the Tragedy of Loyalty • 217 Notes • 227 Bibliography • 271 Index • 305 preface To visit the Palace of the Captain General on Havana’s Plaza de Armas today is to witness the most prominent stone- and mortar monument to the endur- ing history of Spanish colonial rule in Cuba. -
Federal Bure
FEDERAL BURE .,' . REGISTRATION ACT - CUBA > .G NEUTRALITY MATTER 7-/p a$ aka a See Cover Page Ea "( Ep. COPIES MADE: -. 10 - Bureau (105-70973)(RM) 1 U. S. Customs (RM) - - -- 1 - ONI, DIO, 6th ND (RM) Charleston,S.C. 1 - U. S. Border Patrol (RM) Tampa, Fla. d 1 - INS, Miami (RM) 1 - OSI, MacMll AFB, Fla. (RM) 1 - G-2, Ft. kpherson, Ga. (RM) 2 - Cleveland 5 - Miami (105-1563) (1 - 105-2006) - ,- (1 - 105-1742) LEADS (continued) At Miami, Fla. "3 \: c Will await coverage of Cleveland lead; if negative, will write closing report reflecting subject has left the ,?- * 4 country, 10st his U. S. Citizenship and taken Cuban 1 : - Citizenship. ADMINISTRATIVE This report is classified Secret inasmuch as it contains information obtained from CIA communications so classified. Anw extra copy of this report is furnished the Bureau for transmittal to the Legat, Havana.b) B - COVER PAGE - Miami is continuing its inquiry of BARTONE and during the coursed investigation will attempt to develop additional information regarding the activities of subject and his relationship with BARTONE .&) It is noted the period of this report extends from Mag 21, 1959 to March 9, 1960. Pertinent information set forth in his report- has been furnished to the Bureau previously in cormmications under this caption, as well as under caption of other leading revolutionary figures in Miami, including DOMINICK BARTONE .(3) e INFORMANTS I Identity Location of Original In£onnation MU T-2 is 8 0PSI, H~vBP(I,, by LA JAMES T. UVEBIITY I MM-T-3 is teport of ~egat, "W- _ _-___ ._ - grmU &tad 5/30/59 I , . -
The Independent Press Refuses to Remain in the Dark
THE INDEPENDENT PRESS REFUSES TO REMAIN IN THE DARK March 2006 Investigation : Benoît Hervieu Reporters Without Borders Americas desk 5, rue Geoffroy Marie 75009 Paris Tél : (33) 1 44 83 84 84 Fax : (33) 1 45 23 11 51 E-mail : [email protected] Web : www.rsf.org On March 18, 2003, an unprecedented wave of repression broke over Cuban dissidents. For three days, ninety opponents of the regime were arrested on grounds that they were "agents of the American enemy." Among them were twenty-seven journalists. Nearly all of them were tried under the "88 Law" of February 1999, which protects the "national independence and economy of Cuba," and were given prison sentences ranging from 14 to 27 years. This "black spring" dealt a heavy blow to Cuba's independent press, which had started to emerge on the island in the early 1990s with the creation of small news agencies. Since the latter's founders and directors who had been thrown in jail, many journalists preferred to give up their profession or opt for a life of exile. Did inde- pendent journalism die out in Cuba that day? Three years after the crackdown, Reporters Without Borders wanted to take stock of the situation. Unable to send representatives to Cuba, the organi- zation contacted journalists who were still living on the island, or in exile, members of an agency or freelancers, families of jailed dissidents and media outlets - such as Internet websites, radio sta- tions, and publications - most of whom are based in Miami (the second largest Cuban city in the world, with close to 3 million nationals), Puerto Rico, and Madrid. -
Western and Central Cuba Havana Viñales Cienfuegos Trinidad Santa Clara Varadero 1 Day, Havana Greeting at Interna
Western and Central Cuba Havana Viñales Cienfuegos Trinidad Santa Clara Varadero 1 day, Havana Greeting at International airport and transfer to selected hotel Breakfast included 2 day, Havana Enjoy full day city tour; see all the major sights of the city including the Plaza de Armas, Cathedral Square, and Museum of the Revolution. After lunch, enjoy a panoramic view of modern Havana, stop at the impressive Revolution Square, and take a drive along the Malecon. The rest of they da is free to explore or relax as you wish Optional (Not included in package price) After dinner visit the Havana’s famous Tropicana Cabaret, the show depicts the history of Cuban dance and music involving over 100 dancers. Breakfast included 3 day, Havana‐Viñales – Havana Full day excursion to Viñales Valley, an area known as Cuba’s main tobacco region, and surrounded by the most beautiful scenery; karts formations with tobacco plants between them make the landscape spectacular Stop at Los Jasmines lookout point to absorb the beauty of the area en route Enjoy a subterranean boat ride through the Indio limestone cave system. Lunch at Mural de la Prehistoria Restaurant. Free time in the valley for horseback riding and hiking Return to Havana Evening free Breakfast included 4 day, Havana – Cienfuegos Province – Trinidad Private transfer to Trinidad, one of the best preserved colonial cities in the world eOne th way stop at Cienfuegos province for a panoramic tour of the city center Evening free Breakfast included 5 day, Trinidad Explore Trinidad by visiting the Romantic Museum, which depicts the lifestyle and architectural designs of Trinidad’s colonial past. -
Reports on the Scientific Results of the First Atlantis Expedition to the West Indies, Under the Joint Auspices of the University of Havana and Harvard University
REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE FIRST ATLANTIS EXPEDITION TO THE WEST INDIES, UNDER THE JOINT AUSPICES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAVANA AND HARVARD UNIVERSITY Preliminary Descriptions of One New Genus and Seventeen New Species of Decapod and Stomatopod Cr-ustacea * BY FENNKE A. CHACE, JK. Museum of Comparative Zoology. The final reports on the results of these expeditions will contain complete descriptions and figures of the following species. Family Pasiphaeidae- Pasipfiaea poeyi, sp. nov. Holotype.—Male, M.C.Z. No. 10237, Bahia de Cochinos, Santa Clara Province, Cuba, Lat. 22° 07' N., Long. 81° OS' W., 220-275 fathoms, February 25, 1938; station 2963-D. Paratypes.—Ovigerous female, Nicholas Channel north of Santa Clara Province, Cuba, Lat. 23a 16' 30" N., Long. 80° 11' W., 415 fathoms, March 14, 1938; station 2990-A. Female, off Bahia Cardenas, Matanzas Province, Cuba, Lat. 23° 24' N., Long. 81° 00' 30" W., 370-605 fathoms, March 16, 1938; station 2995. Carapace about as long as the first three abdominal somites, not carinate dorsally except on the gastric tooth. The latter does not reach quite as far as the anterior margin of the carapace. Branehios- tegal sinus very shallow, merely forming a sinuous outline to the anterolateral margin of the carapace; the branchiostegal spine arises from the margin of the earapace. Abdomen with no trace of a carina * Contribution No. 199 of the "Woods Hole Oeeanographie Institution. 15-11-19391 31 MEM0R1AS DB LA SOCIBDAD CUBAN A DB HISTORIA NATURAL on the first three somites; fourth, fifth and sixth somites somewhat flattened dorsally making an obtuse angle with the lateral surfaces. -
LATE JURASSIC FOSSILS from CUBA and THEIR ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE CONTENTS Abstract
BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA VOL. S3, PP. 1417-1478, 12 PLS„ 4 FIGS. OCTOBER 1, 1942 LATE JURASSIC FOSSILS FROM CUBA AND THEIR ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE BY RALPH W. IMLAY CONTENTS Page Abstract................................................................................................................................... 1418 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1418 Acknowledgments................................................................................................................. 1419 Vinales limestone................................................................................................................... 1419 Distribution and thickness.......................................................................................... 1419 Lithologic features........................................................................................................ 1420 Stratigraphic boundaries............................................................................................. 1421 Origin............................................................................................................................... 1423 Fossils...................................................................................................................................... 1423 Localities......................................................................................................................... 1423 State of -
Masculinity and Racial Exclusion in Cuba, 1895-1902
ENGENDERING INEQUALITY: MASCULINITY AND RACIAL EXCLUSION IN CUBA, 1895-1902 Bonnie A. Lucero A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2013 Approved by: Dr. Louis A. Pérez, Jr. Dr. Kathryn Burns Dr. John Chasteen Dr. John D. French Dr. Miguel La Serna ©2013 Bonnie A. Lucero ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT BONNIE A. LUCERO: Engendering Inequality: Masculinity and Racial Exclusion in Cuba, 1895-1902 (Under the direction of Dr. Louis A. Pérez, Jr.) This dissertation explains the rise of a culture of racial silence in a time of heightening racial exclusion in Cuba at the turn of the twentieth century. Employing a case study of Cienfuegos, a port city on the south-central coast of the island, I examine gendered articulations of inequality among Cuban separatists between the outbreak of the war of independence in 1895 and the inauguration of the Cuban republic in 1902. I argue that Cuban struggles for political power in the wake of the American military intervention (1898) and military occupation (1899-1902) fundamentally transformed separatist visions of citizenship, increasingly restricting its boundaries along racial lines. Separatists expressed racial exclusion in terms of masculinity. During the first years of the war, a discourse of racial brotherhood afforded inclusion to all men regardless of race or class. There were two key turning points thereafter. When Cubans entered the final year of the anticolonial struggle and especially after the American intervention, diverse groups of separatists struggled to secure access to political power. -
Eduardo Chibás: the Incorrigible Man of Cuban Politics
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2009 Eduardo Chibás: The Incorrigible Man of Cuban Politics Ilan Ehrlich Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1411 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] EDUARDO CHIBÁS: THE INCORRIGIBLE MAN OF CUBAN POLITICS By ILAN EHRLICH A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York. 2009 i This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in History in satisfaction of the dissertation requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Alfonso Quiroz _____________________________________________ _______________ _____________________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee Helena Rosenblatt ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Executive Officer Supervisory Committee _____________________________________________ Samuel Farber _____________________________________________ David Nasaw _____________________________________________ José Moya _____________________________________________ Randolph Trumbach THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK ii Abstract EDUARDO CHIBÁS: THE INCORRIGIBLE MAN OF CUBAN POLITICS By ILAN EHRLICH Advisor: Professor Alfonso Quiroz There is ample evidence to suggest that Eduardo Chibás (1907-1951), despite never having been president, was of primary importance to Cuba’s political system in the years 1940-1952. As a congressman, senator and presidential candidate who was also the island’s most popular radio commentator, Chibás was afforded an excellent opportunity to alter government policy and shape public opinion. -
Report on a Geological Reconnoissance [Sic] of Cuba, Made
LIBRARY OF WELLESLEY COLLEGE PRESENTED BY Mr. C. Vlllard Bayes i REPORT ON SOLOGICAL RECONNOISSANCE OF CUBA, MADE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF OENERAL LEONARD WOOD, MII^ITARY GOV:eRNOR, BY "Willard Hayes, T. Wayland Vaoghan, and Arthar C» Spencer, GKOLOGISTS. 1901. Setr QE Z22 H3 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Washington, D. C. , December 8, 1901. General Leonard Wood^ Military Governor of Cuba, Havana, Cuba. Sir: I have the houor to submit herewith a report on a geological reconnaissance of Cuba, made in accordance with your instruc- tio.is. Both in the field work and in the preparation of the re| jrt the economic purpose of the reci nnoissance has bren constantly kept in mind. Only so much of the general physi- ography and geology has been included as appeared to be essen- tial to an intelligent comprehension of the economic problems. Very respectfully, C. WILLAED HAYES, Geologist. INTRODUCTION. The following official correspondence explains the circumstance under which the reconnoissance of the Island of Cuba was made. HEADQUARTERS MILITARY GOVERNOR ISLAND OF CUBA, Havana, February 26, 1901. The Adjutant General, United States Army, Washington, D. C. Sir: Mr. David T. Day, Chief of the Division of Mining and Mineral Resources, U. S. Geological Survey, has recently visited Cuba. During his visit he informed me that on formal request to the Department of the Interior, he believed that two Geologists of the United States Geological Survey 4 would be detailed for work in Cuba, provided their expenses were paid bj the island government. Mr. Day has just written me that he has arranoed the details and is only waiting my application; therefore, I have the honor to hereby request the detail of two geologists from the U. -
The Geology of Cuban Petroleum Deposits
THE GEOLOGY OF CUBAN PETROLEUM DEPOSITS. By E. DEGOIVYER, New York City, New York. I. INTRODUCTION*. The earliest known discovery and use by white men in the New World of any member of the petroleum family is probably that made by Sebastian Ocampo in the Bay of Havana, Cuba, in 1508. Ocampo found on the waters of the bay a "liquid bitu men'' with which he careened his ships and as a result of this circumstance called the bay "Puerto de Carenas", a name which it bore until 1519, when the city of Havana was moved form its original foundation on the south shores of the island to its present site and the name of the bay changed in conformity. Oviedo, in 1535, mentions a spring of "pitch" near the coast in the province of Puerto Principe and another on the shores of Havana Bay. The asphalts, whose occurrence in Cuba is wide spread, were probably well known during colonial times and petroleum itself was not unknown during that time, since Hum boldt, who visited the island during the early part of the last century, mentions the occurrence of petroleum springs in the serpentines of Cerro de Guanaboca (sic.) and the reported occur rence of petroleum springs in the eastern part of the island. The baths of Santa Rita in Guanabacoa, famous during the colonial epoch, consist of springs of medicinal waters coming from crevices in the serpentine. The most medicinal of these springs seems to be the one accompanied by exudations of a petroleum of fairly good quality. La Sagra published, in 1828, an extended account of the asphalt deposits near Havana. -
American Colonial Handbook
'IHE AMERICAN COLONIAL HANDBOOK 31S,J cm im^stL COPELAND UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARY a./ii 9 P//0 V American Colonial Handbook A READY RKHERENCH HOOK OK FACTS AND FIGURES, HISTORICAL, GEOGRAPH- ICAL, AND COMMERCIAL, ABOUT . CUBA, PUERTO RICO, THE PHILIPPINES, HAW^^AND GUAM TEE BY OF THOMAS CAMPBELL-COPELAND 0/ l/^ standard D^tioiinru Sta^ I M MARIA SOLTERA AND MA'URICE MAGNUS SECOND EDITION' FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK AND LONDON 1899 3 as: 3 Copyright, 1S99, by FUNK & WAGNAI,I,S COMPANY [Regfistered at Stationers' Hall, England] PRINTED IN THK UNITED STATES ya I'RHFACE, The object of the xVmekican Colonial Handbook is to present, interestingly, on an original plan, and within a convenient limit of size and space, a bird's- eye view of territory ceded or annexed to the United States during 18!J8, or at present in the safe keep- ing of the United States military and naval forces. The most reliable of the world's authorities have been consulted and compared for historical, geo- graphical, and general data. There is a responsible authority behind every statement made, every an- swer given. Random or hearsay assertions find no j)Iace, knowingly, within any of the sections. Numerous historical facts appear now, for the first time, in English. This is also true of much informa- tion under various other headings. The best cyclo- pedic works of continental p]urope yield important historical and geographical data unobtainable from any other source. A list of authorities in English and other langnaages will be found at the end of each section.