Moluscos De Água Doce Da Ilha Grande, Angra Dos Reis, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil: Diversidade E Distribuição

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Moluscos De Água Doce Da Ilha Grande, Angra Dos Reis, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil: Diversidade E Distribuição UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO NSTITUTO DE IOLOGIA OBERTO LCANTARA OMES I B R A G DEPARTAMENTO DE ZOOLOGIA LABORATÓRIO DE MALACOLOGIA LÍMNICA E TERRESTRE Moluscos de água doce da Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: diversidade e distribuição Igor Christo Miyahira Rio de Janeiro Setembro - 2009 Igor Christo Miyahira Moluscos de água doce da Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: Diversidade e Distribuição. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Sonia Barbosa dos Santos Monografia apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, como parte dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Ciências Biológicas. Rio de Janeiro Setembro – 2009 ii Igor Christo Miyahira Moluscos de água doce da Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: Diversidade e Distribuição Resultado: _________________________com grau _______ Monografia submetida como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, avaliada pela comissão formada pelos professores: Orientadora: ______________________________________________ Dra. Sonia Barbosa dos Santos (UERJ) 1° Examinador ______________________________________________ Dr. Timothy Peter Moulton (UERJ) 2° Examinador ______________________________________________ M.Sc.. Monica Ammon Fernandez (Fiocruz) 3° Examinador ____________________________________________________ Dra. Sandra Aparecida Padilha Magalhães Fraga (Fiocruz) Suplentes: ______________________________________________ Dr. Francisco José de Figueiredo (UERJ) ______________________________________________ M.Sc. Gleisse Kelly Meneses Nunes (UERJ) Rio de Janeiro, 30 de setembro de 2009. iii Dedicado a todos aqueles que de uma forma ou de outra lutam pela preservação e pelo conhecimento da Ilha Grande iv O universo e o mundo são lugares extremamente belos e quanto mais entendemos sobre eles, mais belos eles parecem ser. -Richard Dawkins v AGRADECIMENTOS Aos meus pais, Renato Miyahira e Lucia V. C. Miyahira, por incentivar meus estudos, pelo apoio incondicional ao meu trabalho e, é claro, todo amor e carinho, depositado em mim ao longo dos anos. Ao meu irmão Eric C. Miyahira que foi um amigo para todas as horas. À minha Orientadora, a Profa. Sonia B. dos Santos, por ter me aceito em seu laboratório, ter me ajudado e me aturado durante esses anos. Os seus ensinamentos, conselhos e broncas nestes primeiros passos no mundo da ciência levarei por toda a vida. À Carla Freitas, minha companheira e amiga, por todo carinho, apoio e compreensão nestes anos. Seu estímulo e apoio foi essencial por todo o caminho. À toda a minha família, avô, tios e primos por me apoiar e entender as minhas ausências nos aniversários quando estava em trabalho de campo, que não foram poucos! Ao amigo e companheiro de laboratório, Luiz E. M. de Lacerda pelo companheirismo e amizade de todos esses anos. Este trabalho certamente não existiria se não fosse pela sua ajuda. Aos integrantes do Laboratório de Malacologia da UERJ, meus amigos, Gleisse K. M. Nunes, Amilcar B. Barbosa, Tiago A. Viana, Francielle C. da Fonseca, Jaqueline L. de Oliveira, Patrícia do S. dos S. da Silva, Isabela C. B. Gonçalves, Renata F. Ximenes, Claudia L. Rodrigues e Luciane Guilhermino, a amizade de vocês, a ajuda no trabalho de campo e as conversas na hora do almoço foram vitais para este trabalho. O espaço aqui se torna diminuto para demonstrar toda a gratidão. vi Aos meus amigos da inesquecível turma Bio 2003/2 em especial André, Alexandre, Danielle, Juliana, Lívia, Maíra, Marcelle, Marcela, Michelle, Michelly e Pablo, certamente nunca existiu outra turma igual! Sendo bem clichê... Aos professores, Julio Monteiro, Valéria Gallo, Francisco Figuereido, Timothy Moulton e Rui Santos que não foram só professores e sim mestres, suas influências moldaram muito do meu pensamento biológico. À toda equipe do Centro de Estudos Ambientais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Ilha Grande (CEADS) pela infra-estrutura e apoio logístico. À bióloga Norma C. Maciel pela licença de coleta na Reserva Biológica Estadual da Praia do Sul. Aos fiscais, Antonio C. de Souza e Clementino Silva, por nos levarem através da Pedra do Demo em direção a Praia do Sul. À administradora Deise Benevides pelo apoio logístico. À Brigada Mirim da Ilha Grande pela carona na volta de Provetá. A todos os moradores da Ilha Grande que nos ajudaram, emprestaram seus quintais, nos permitiram acessar “seus” rios e nos deram valiosas informações. Agradeço em especial ao seu Silvio, Jorge e João (Parnaioca); Nei (Praia Grande de Araçatiba); Mestre Hernani (Provetá); Vadinho (Matariz) e Nélia (Praia da Longa). À Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes pela infraestrutura básica. Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) pela bolsa de Iniciação Cientifica concedida no período de 2005-2007. Obrigado a todos!!! vii SUMÁRIO Página LISTA DE TABELAS ........................................................................................................ ix LISTA DE QUADROS ...................................................................................................... x LISTA DE FIGURAS ........................................................................................................ xi RESUMO ........................................................................................................................ xii ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... xiii 1.I NTRODUÇÃO .............................................................................................................. 14 1.1. Mata Atlântica e a Ilha Grande................................................................... 14 1.2. Diversidade de moluscos de água doce...................................................... 18 2. OBJETIVO .................................................................................................................. 25 3. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ............................................................................................. 26 4. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO ....................................................................................... 33 4.1. Localidades................................................................................................ 33 4.2. Diversidade de moluscos de água doce na Ilha Grande.............................. 40 4.3. Lista sistemática.......................................................................................... 46 4.4. Breve descrição e distribuição das espécies encontradas............................ 48 4.5. Distribuição dos moluscos de água doce na Ilha Grande............................ 52 4.6. Preservação dos corpos d’ água e ameaças à conservação da malacofauna de água doce................................................................................................ 57 5. CONCLUSÕES ............................................................................................................ 66 6. REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ................................................................................ 68 viii LISTA DE TABELAS Página Tabela I. Espécies de moluscos de água doce existentes no Brasil de acordo com o catálogo de Simone (2006).................................................................................................. 18 Tab ela II. Classificação dos ambientes da Ilha Grande pesquisados neste trabalho............................................................................................................................... 29 Tabela III. Localidades visitadas durante este trabalho, também são apresentadas as referências geográficas (GPS), as datas de coleta e o ambientes amostrados em cada localidade. ......................................................................................................................... 33 Tabela IV. Moluscos de água doce encontrada na Ilha Grande separados por localidades. As localidades estão ordenadas na ordem decrescente do número de espécies encontradas........................................................................................................... 52 Tabela V. Localidades visitadas na Ilha Grande aonde foram encontrados moluscos associadas com os impactos encontrados em cada lugar ................................................... 57 Tabela VI. Resultado do Protocolo de Avaliação Rápida ................................................. 60 ix LISTA DE QUADROS Página Quadro I. Protocolo de avaliação rápida dos ambientes lóticos da Ilha Grande aonde foram encontrados moluscos............................................................................................ 61 x LISTA DE FIGURAS Página Figura 1. Mapa da baia da Ilha Grande, mostrando a localização da ilha em relação às localidades vizinhas............................................................................................................. 17 Figura 2. Mapa do município de Angra dos Reis mostrando sua hidrografia................... 17 Fig ura 3. Anoitecer próximo a Aroeiras. Nesta foto é possível observar o desenho da costa em vários trechos da Ilha Grande.............................................................................. 28 Figura 4. Localidades e pontos de coleta. A –Vila do Abraão. B –Parnaioca. C – Matariz. D –Vila do Abraão. E –Provetá. F –Vila do Abraão........................................... 37 Figura 5. Localidades
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