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Indian Habitations in Sussex County New Jersey Max Schrabisch Indian

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Indian Habitations in Sussex County New Jersey Max Schrabisch Indian GEOLOGI CAL SURVEY OF NEW JERSEY H ENRY B . KfiMM EL . STATE GEOLOGI ST BULLETI 1 N 3 . I NDI AN H ABI TATI ONS I N SUSSEX COUNTY NEW JERSEY MAX SCHRABI SCH I ELD I NDI AN REM AI NS NEAR PLA NFI , LO G THE UNI ON 00 , AND A N LOWER DELAWARE VALLEY BY ) LESLIE SPIER DI SPATCH PRI NTI NG Conmuv O H LL . UNI N I , N J TAB LE OF CONTENTS P f re ace . nd an a itat ons in ussex Count Ne w e rs e b M ax chrabisch I i H b i S y, J y, y S . nd an Re ma ns ne ar Plainfie ld n on Count and a on h e Lowe r e aware I i i , U i y , l g t D l a e b Le sli r S e . V ll y , y e pi LI S o U R I ON T r ILL ST AT S. str ut on o n n Re ma n in u ss o n f d a M a . Di ib i I i i s S e x C u ty . ( p ) e co rate d Potte r from the u e e awar a e D y pp r D l e V ll y . e cora e d Potte r fr rt L D t y om Swa swood ake . e cora e d Po tte r from th e c n t o f e wton D t y Vi i i y N . ‘ e co ra t P t r r l D e d o te y f om the Wallki l Valley . - s an B anne rstone s fro m th e Indi an Bu ri al Gr ound III e ar M inisink I l d . ro n P an h e Ro c H o s B vans G u d l o f t k u e ne ar e . r Gro und Plan o f th e Ro ck H ouse ne ar Uppe r Swa tswood . ' round P an o f th e Ro c ouse at Gum H o o w Swartswood La e . G l k H ll , k n r infi l Di str ibutio n of Ind i an Re mai s ne a Pla e d . a Distr ibutio n o f Indi an Re mains along th e l owe r De law re . n a R m on M aur ce R v r Distribution o f I di n e ains al g i i e . A H B ONS SUSSEX CO Y INDI N A ITATI IN UNT , J . By M ax ch bis h P te r n S ra c a so . , , N J CON TE NTS. a te r . e ne ra c s Ch p I G l Di s u sion. n ro o n I t ducti . P s ca fe ature s o f uss oun hy i l S e x C ty . e e c S l tion o f Site s . s r i o n f Di t buti o Site s . Ro c e e rs k sh lt . u r a ro nd s B i l g u . ra s T il . Ra w ma te r ial . a te r e scr t o n an L a s Ch p D ip i d oc tion o f Site . e n r n G e al s tate me t. on e u r e a re Al g th ppe D l wa . n and ne r K ta n n n O a it ti ny M ou tai . e ar wartswo od La nd N S ke a Stillwate r . e ar ran u N T q ility . e e N ar And ov r . B e twe e n H nts ur w n n Laf te u b g, Ne to a d ayet . n rman a O Ge y Fl ts . I n th e va e s o f a R ve r and Pa a at n re e ll y W llkill i p k i g C k. I n e rn n a n n he ad o n n and V o V lley a d o t j i i g Highl s . PR E FA C E . The archaeological investigations commenced in the summer 1 1 2 1 1 of 9 were continued during the field season of 9 3 . Inas much as the extreme northern part of the State had not been ’ d touched in the first season s work , it was eemed advisable for Schrabi h Mr . Max sc to spend about four and a half months in a careful exploration of such part of Sussex County as he was able to cover in the time and with the means available . M r. Leslie Spier spent a short time on investigations near Plain field , along the creeks of Gloucester and Salem counties and in the drainage area of Maurice River . The results of this work was to add much to our knowledge of the character N e w and distribution of Indian habitations in Jersey . The dis ove r Sch rabisc h - five c y by Mr . of twenty rock houses in Sussex County and their careful excavation has shown a use by the - was Indians of these c ave like shelters , which until recently not even suspected . The thanks of the Survey are due to all tho se who have so generously assisted in loca ting sites and furnishing information , and it is hoped that the results of thes e investigations as set forth in the following pages will prove of interest and value to those of our citizens who desire to know more of the habits and homes of the prehistoric possessors of New Jersey . HENRY B . KUMMEL , State Geologist. CH APTE R I . GE NERAL DI SCUSSION I N OD C I ON TR U T . w wo n 1 1 The riter began rk in Sussex Cou ty early in May , 9 3 , for the purpo se of ma king as far as time and funds permitt ed a sys tematic exploration for Indian camp and village sites and the collection of such material from these sites as seemed an l worth preserving . During the four months d a half availab e fo r i 2 a th s work 34 sites of the borigines were located , principally the and in western central portions of the county . These were and s 2 for the mos t part camp village site , but they include 5 rock shelters , all of which were subj ected to systematic exc a vation . It was most gratifying to find that many persons Of the county possessed a live ly interest in everything pertaining to m n a o m Indian lore , as de o strated by m ny fine collections , s e of which c ontain specimens representing the highest degr ee o f workmanship of which the Lenni Lenape Indian was c apable . But as a result Of this previous activity of local collecto rs fe w m d surface finds were a e by the writer, the ancient Indian fields h aving practically been denuded of their best treasures years e ago . Fortunately , however , the local res arches had not been extended to the rock shelters . These yielded considerable ma te rial m s m , frag ent of pottery , as well as i plements of war , of the chase and of domestic use . ’ Among the private collections that came to the inves tigator s l : . notic e were tho se of the fo lowing persons Israel L Hallock , O . o . Peter wen , J Vict r Rosenkrans , J S Decker , Sayre Shaw “ m o f and Lawrence Hol es , all of Newton ; Frederick Sliker Sus B larc o m . S sex Mills ; Frederick Van , Lafayette ; H cudder, Spa rta ; George W illiams and George Tucker , Branchville ; o M c Go y e rn Fred erick Laws n , Lake Owassa ; James , Franklin a n a , Furnace ; John G al , Middleville ; Fra k Bl ckford Upper latb ro okv ille . Swart s wood ; Eugene Rosenkrans , F ; A M Depuy , Layto n ; Burson Bell , Minisink ; Mr . Merring , Tuttles Corner ; (7) 8 INDIAN HABITATIONS . col John Martin and J . S . Appleman , Tranquility All these - li lections abound in common arrow points and spearheads , b t they contain also some of the more elaborate products o f the abo m , riginal handiwork, such as highly polished celts to ahawks and banner st o nes . The material used in the manufacture of the - arrow points is mostly flint , of which there is an abundance in m o i O the county , but in so e collecti ns were mplements of bsidian re . , and ch alcedony , material not native to this region If as ported, these were found o u local sites , we have here evidence of the importation o f raw material or of finished products from S m o ewhat distant regions . The fact that so many pe o ple of the county ha ve taken a deep interest in these matters greatly facilitated the location Of the sites . Particular thanks are due to Justice Israel Hallock , m George A . S ith , Peter Owen , all of Newton ; Frederick Van B l m a nd m f .
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