Reproduction Strategies of Stony Corals Coral Reef. Contributions For

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Reproduction Strategies of Stony Corals Coral Reef. Contributions For Reproduction strategies of stony corals (Scleractinia) in an equatorial, Indonesian coral reef. Contributions for the reef- restoration Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften – Dr. rer. nat. – im Fachbereich 2 (Biologie/Chemie) der Universität Bremen vorgelegt von Sascha Bernd Carsten Romatzki angefertigt am Zentrum für Marine Tropenökologie Center for Tropical Marine Ecology Bremen 2008 Gutachter der Dissertation: 1. Gutachter: Prof. Claudio Richter 2. Gutachter: Dr. Andreas Kunzmann Mitglieder der Prüfungskommssion: 1. Prüfer: Prof. Kai Bischof 2. Prüfer: Dr. Uwe Krumme 1. weiteres Mitglied: Cornelia Roder 2. weiteres Mitglied: Anne Buhmann Tag des öffentlichen Kolloquiums: 30. Januar 2009 „So eine Arbeit wird eigentlich nie fertig, man muss sie für fertig erklären, wenn man nach Zeit und Umständen das Möglichste getan hat.“ (Goethe; zur Iphigenie, aus der Italienischen Reise 1786) List of Papers This thesis is based on the scientific publication listed below. The specific contributions of each of the authors in term of idea and concept development, data aquisition and analysis, as well as manuscript writing for the respective publication are indicated. Publication I Title: Determination of fine-scale temporal variation in acroporid and pocilloporid settlement in North Sulawesi, Indonesia Authors: S.B.C. Romatzki and A. Kunzmann Journal: Marine Ecology Progress Series (submitted) The original idea and concept of this publication was developed by S.B.C. Romatzki, who also independently conducted all of the fieldwork and sample processing. Data analyses were carried out by S.B.C. Romatzki with input by S. Schmidt-Roach. The manuscript was written by S.B.C. Romatzki, with revesions and improvement by A. Kunzmann. Publication II Title: Gametogenesis of four scleractinian corals in the Celebes Sea Authors: S.B.C. Romatzki and A. Kunzmann Journal: Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium (submitted) The original idea and concept of this publication was developed by S.B.C. Romatzki, who also independently conducted all of the fieldwork and sample processing. The manuscript was written by S.B.C. Romatzki, with revesions and improvement by A. Kunzmann. Publication III Title: Determining the influence of an electrical field on the performance of Acropora transplants: Comparison of various transplantation structures Author: S.B.C. Romatzki Journal: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology (submitted) The original idea and concept of this publication was developed by S.B.C. Romatzki, who also independently conducted all of the fieldwork and sample processing. The concept of experiment 3 in this publication was developed by S.B.C. Romatzki, S.C.A. Ferse and E. Borell. Data analy- ses were carried out by S.B.C. Romatzki with input by E. Borell. The manuscript was written by S.B.C. Romatzki, with revesions and improvement by M. Schmid, K. von Juterzenka and J.-H. Steffen. Content Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………….……….....I Summary…………………………………………………………………………….………..III Zusammenfassung…………………………………………………………………….……...VI Chapter 1 – Thesis Overview……………………………………………………….………....1 1. General Introduction…………………………………………………………….……….....3 1.1 Reproduction in scleractinian corals……………………………………….………..3 1.1.1 Asexual reproduction……………………………………………….……..3 1.1.2 Sexual reproduction……………………………………….…….………...4 1.1.3 Mass spawning…………………………………………………................4 1.1.4 Reproduction in high latitude vs equatorial reefs………………...............5 1.2 Reef restoration and reef rehabilitation……………..…………………….……..….6 1.2.1 Pros and cons……………………………………………………..………6 1.2.2 What is “restoration” and what is “rehabilitation” then……….…….….7 1.2.3 Old and new approaches………………………………………….……....7 1.2.4 Using of coral fragments………………………………………….……....9 1.3 Aims of the thesis…………………………………………………………….……..9 2. General Material & Methods……………………………………………………….…….10 2.1 Study Area………………………………………………………………....….…...10 2.2 Settlement Tiles……………………………………………………………….…...11 2.3 In situ monitoring of reproduction status…………………………………….....…12 2.4 Histological preparation for examination of reproduction status……………….....13 2.5 Surface estimation and zooxanthella-count of coral fragments………………..….14 3. General Results & Discussion…………………………………………………………….14 3.1 Reproduction and settlement in equatorial reefs: continuous with seasonal peaks……………………………………………………………………….…..…14 3.2 Manipulation of coral longitudal growth enhancement……………………….......16 4. Concluding remarks………………………………………………………………….…....17 5. References………………………………………………………………………….………19 Chapter 2 – Paper I………………………………………………………………………….27 Determination of fine-scale temporal variation in acroporid and pocilloporid settlement in North Sulawesi, Indonesia Chapter 3 – Paper II………………………………………………………………………...50 Gametogenesis of four scleractinian corals in the Celebes Sea Chapter 4 – Paper III………………………………………………………………………..64 Determining the influence of an electrical field on the performance of Acropora transplants: Comparison of various transplantation structures Appendix……………………………………………………………………………………..92 Disclaimer…………………………………………………………………………………....94 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Prof. Matthias Wolff for agreeing to supervise this thesis in first place, but special thanks go to Prof. Claudio Richter, who took over the supervision in the very last minute due to a very tide time schedule. Thanks a lot to both for making the change so uncomplicated. I further would like to thank Dr. Andreas Kunzmann, who implemented the idea to conduct a PhD thesis in Indonesia and encouraged me to step into the unknown, for his guidance and criticism throughout the thesis. My deepest gratitude goes to some very special people in Manado for their generous sponsoring and support. Without their help I never would have been able to conduct this thesis: Thanks to Christiane Mueller from Froggies Divers who gave me shelter from the first day of my arrival, who showed me suitable sites for my project, who gave me my first lessons in Manado Culture and lifestyle. Not to forget the uncountable tank-fillings and meals. I also would like to thank Hanne Darbol and Gaspare Davi from Gangga Resort and Spa for their generous hospitality, their always warm and heartfelt welcome, their unlimited support, interest and open minds for new project ideas. Staying at your places was always a feeling of coming home with a touch of holiday. Thanks also to all the great staff of these wonderful resorts who always were very helpful. Special thanks to Sebastian Ferse, my roommate, dive buddy and colleague, who was often the only source of inspiration and scientific input. Despite many difficulties during all the time we spend together, I for sure wouldn’t have been able to conduct my project in Manado without him. Sebastian Schmidt – our MSc student, who came at the “right” time – I would like to thank a lot for many delicious pancakes…well and some other things of course – but they were not that important ;)…. Thanks also to Leyla Knittweis and in particular Esther Borell, for collective suffering and many encouraging phone calls. Further thanks are dedicated to Fontje Kaligis and family for taking care of me during the first weeks of my arrival and their help in getting my life organized in Manado. Prof. Eddy Tambajong for his generous lessons in histological technique and for letting me use his private laboratory. Tere and Mer from UNSRAT for their assistance with coral tissue preparation and histological sectioning. Thanks also to those people, who helped me at one point or another in Manado: Dr. Ineke Rumengan, who helped me with organizational issues at UNSRAT-University, Asci and Francesco for a relaxing time on their liverboard, Angelique & Paul from Murex and Jaakko from Living Colours for help in dive logistics as also Jan & Henriette Bebe for their European humor and Danish “friendliness”. I Following people from IPB I would like to thank: Totok Histirianato for excellent work and help with the Visa, Unggul Aktani for supervision, Neviaty Zamani and Pak Adi for the organization and use of the microscope camera. I further would like to thank the German community in Indonesia, starting with Harry Palm and family for their hospitality and Harry’s scientific advice, Karen von Juterzenka & Michael Schmidt for several weeks of accommodation, supporting words, the organization of a microscope, numerous corrections on the papers and their friendship, Jan-Henning Steffen for being a port in stormy seas and a second home during times in Jakarta, Landry Pramoedji and Lutz Kleeberg for letting me stay in their house for such a long time during the final steps of this thesis. I also would like to thank Eberhard Krain for being the knight in shining armor when help was most needed. Andrew Baird, Sangeeta Mangubhai and Nami Okubo gave many helpful comments, corrections and clarified questions regarding coral recruitment and histology. Thanks for your very prompt answers and provision of your papers. This study was supported by a PhD scholarship of the DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service). I especially would like to thank Frau Krüger-Rechmann and Brigitte Gerlach for their support during the time of the scholorship. My Carol I would like to thank for accompanying me during bad and better times and many culinary experiences making the work on this thesis a whole lot easier. And last but not least my dear parents Helga & Paul Romatzki who gave me all the support on earth to fulfill my dream. Trotz der vielen freundlichen Hilfe und Unterstützung,
Recommended publications
  • Taxonomic Checklist of CITES Listed Coral Species Part II
    CoP16 Doc. 43.1 (Rev. 1) Annex 5.2 (English only / Únicamente en inglés / Seulement en anglais) Taxonomic Checklist of CITES listed Coral Species Part II CORAL SPECIES AND SYNONYMS CURRENTLY RECOGNIZED IN THE UNEP‐WCMC DATABASE 1. Scleractinia families Family Name Accepted Name Species Author Nomenclature Reference Synonyms ACROPORIDAE Acropora abrolhosensis Veron, 1985 Veron (2000) Madrepora crassa Milne Edwards & Haime, 1860; ACROPORIDAE Acropora abrotanoides (Lamarck, 1816) Veron (2000) Madrepora abrotanoides Lamarck, 1816; Acropora mangarevensis Vaughan, 1906 ACROPORIDAE Acropora aculeus (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Madrepora aculeus Dana, 1846 Madrepora acuminata Verrill, 1864; Madrepora diffusa ACROPORIDAE Acropora acuminata (Verrill, 1864) Veron (2000) Verrill, 1864; Acropora diffusa (Verrill, 1864); Madrepora nigra Brook, 1892 ACROPORIDAE Acropora akajimensis Veron, 1990 Veron (2000) Madrepora coronata Brook, 1892; Madrepora ACROPORIDAE Acropora anthocercis (Brook, 1893) Veron (2000) anthocercis Brook, 1893 ACROPORIDAE Acropora arabensis Hodgson & Carpenter, 1995 Veron (2000) Madrepora aspera Dana, 1846; Acropora cribripora (Dana, 1846); Madrepora cribripora Dana, 1846; Acropora manni (Quelch, 1886); Madrepora manni ACROPORIDAE Acropora aspera (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Quelch, 1886; Acropora hebes (Dana, 1846); Madrepora hebes Dana, 1846; Acropora yaeyamaensis Eguchi & Shirai, 1977 ACROPORIDAE Acropora austera (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Madrepora austera Dana, 1846 ACROPORIDAE Acropora awi Wallace & Wolstenholme, 1998 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora azurea Veron & Wallace, 1984 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora batunai Wallace, 1997 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora bifurcata Nemenzo, 1971 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora branchi Riegl, 1995 Veron (2000) Madrepora brueggemanni Brook, 1891; Isopora ACROPORIDAE Acropora brueggemanni (Brook, 1891) Veron (2000) brueggemanni (Brook, 1891) ACROPORIDAE Acropora bushyensis Veron & Wallace, 1984 Veron (2000) Acropora fasciculare Latypov, 1992 ACROPORIDAE Acropora cardenae Wells, 1985 Veron (2000) CoP16 Doc.
    [Show full text]
  • Success and Growth of Corals Transplanted to Cement Armor Mat Tiles in Southeast Florida: Implications for Reef Restoration S
    Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures 2000 Success and Growth of Corals Transplanted to Cement Armor Mat Tiles in Southeast Florida: Implications for Reef Restoration S. L. Thornton Hazen and Sawyer, Environmental Engineers and Scientists Richard E. Dodge Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] David S. Gilliam Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] R. DeVictor Hazen and Sawyer, Environmental Engineers and Scientists P. Cooke Hazen and Sawyer, Environmental Engineers and Scientists Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_facpresentations Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons NSUWorks Citation Thornton, S. L.; Dodge, Richard E.; Gilliam, David S.; DeVictor, R.; and Cooke, P., "Success and Growth of Corals Transplanted to Cement Armor Mat Tiles in Southeast Florida: Implications for Reef Restoration" (2000). Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures. 39. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_facpresentations/39 This Conference Proceeding is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Proceedings 9" International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali, Indonesia 23-27 October 2000, Vol.2 Success and growth of corals transplanted to cement armor mat tiles in southeast Florida: implications for reef restoration ' S.L. Thornton, R.E. Dodge t , D.S. Gilliam , R. DeVictor and P. Cooke ABSTRACT In 1997, 271 scleractinian corals growing on a sewer outfall pipe were used in a transplantation study offshore from North Dade County, Florida, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • DRAFT Sustainable Tourism for Marine Recreation Providers
    DRAFT Sustainable Tourism for Marine Recreation Providers Wolcott Henry photo The Coral Reef Alliance: Coral Parks Program Education Series ©2004 Sustainable Tourism Introduction In this era of the global economy, tourism has become a primary source of revenue for many regions of the world, generating nearly $500 billion in worldwide revenues in 2001, and continuing to grow (WTO, 2001). The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) facilitated a study that points out that the tourism industry now represents more than 10% of the world’s gross domestic product (UNEP, 2002). While tourism brings significant benefits for both local and global economies, its rapid growth and development in recent decades has caused widespread social and environmental change across the globe, particularly in popular coastal resort destinations. In contrast, the concept of sustainable tourism is now seen as a way to promote socio-economic development in a given region while simultaneously protecting local culture and the natural environment. In order to address these issues and how they impact coral reefs, the Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) has compiled this Sustainable Tourism for Marine Recreation Providers handbook. In an effort to promote sustainable tourism, the information contained in this handbook highlights some of the current environmental problems associated with tourism growth and development, and promotes practical solutions for marine recreation providers to adopt good environmental practices. We encourage readers to provide us with feedback as to how we can improve this publication. Comments, questions and general suggestions can be addressed to: The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) 417 Montgomery Street, Suite #205 San Francisco, CA 94104 (415) 834-0900 tel.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishermen's Household Characteristics in Bunaken National Park Area, North Sulawesi Province
    IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372. Volume 7, Issue 1, Ver. III (Jan. 2014), PP 56-62 www.iosrjournals.org Fishermen’s Household Characteristics in Bunaken National Park Area, North Sulawesi Province Jueldy1*, Sahri Muhammad2, Djoko Koestiono2, Gybert Mamuaya3 1PhD student at Brawijaya University, Malang. Lecturer at Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, UNSRAT, Manado 2 Professor at Faculty of Fisheries and marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 3 Professor at Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang Abstract: This study was aimed at knowing and analyzing the fishermen’s household characteristics in Bunaken National Park. It used survey method through structured interviews in order to obtain primary data of the fisheries business owner’s and boat crew’s households. The secondary ones were also collected from the office of Marine and Fisheries Services at the provincial, regency, and municipality levels for 2006 – 2010, Fishermen’s household sampling was carried out with cluster and multi stage random sampling. Results showed that fishing, post-harvest and non-fisheries activities of the owner’s household per working period were higher than those of the boat crews. In contrast, the working opportunity of the owner’s household in fishing, post- harvest, and non-fisheries was lower than that of crew’s household. The average income from fishing, post- harvest, and non-fisheries for the owner’s household was higher than that of the crew’s household. Based on the average number of the owner’s households as many as 3.5 people and of the crew’s as many as 3 people, the income per capita was IDR 14.365 million/year or an average of IDR.
    [Show full text]
  • Scleractinian Reef Corals: Identification Notes
    SCLERACTINIAN REEF CORALS: IDENTIFICATION NOTES By JACKIE WOLSTENHOLME James Cook University AUGUST 2004 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24656.51205 http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24656.51205 Scleractinian Reef Corals: Identification Notes by Jackie Wolstenholme is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ i INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................. 1 ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 2 FAMILY ACROPORIDAE.................................................................................................................................... 3 Montipora ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 Massive/thick plates/encrusting & tuberculae/papillae ................................................................................... 3 Montipora monasteriata .............................................................................................................................. 3 Massive/thick plates/encrusting & papillae ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 2. Animals
    AC20 Doc. 8.5 Annex (English only/Seulement en anglais/Únicamente en inglés) REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE ANALYSIS OF TRADE TRENDS WITH NOTES ON THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF SELECTED SPECIES Volume 2. Animals Prepared for the CITES Animals Committee, CITES Secretariat by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre JANUARY 2004 AC20 Doc. 8.5 – p. 3 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognise the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre’s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. Prepared for: The CITES Secretariat, Geneva A contribution to UNEP - The United Nations Environment Programme Printed by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK © Copyright: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre/CITES Secretariat The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposed Wisconsin – Lake Michigan National Marine Sanctuary
    Proposed Wisconsin – Lake Michigan National Marine Sanctuary Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Draft Management Plan DECEMBER 2016 | sanctuaries.noaa.gov/wisconsin/ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) U.S. Secretary of Commerce Penny Pritzker Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and NOAA Administrator Kathryn D. Sullivan, Ph.D. Assistant Administrator for Ocean Services and Coastal Zone Management National Ocean Service W. Russell Callender, Ph.D. Office of National Marine Sanctuaries John Armor, Director Matt Brookhart, Acting Deputy Director Cover Photos: Top: The schooner Walter B. Allen. Credit: Tamara Thomsen, Wisconsin Historical Society. Bottom: Photomosaic of the schooner Walter B. Allen. Credit: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution - Advanced Imaging and Visualization Laboratory. 1 Abstract In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA, 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and the National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA, 16 U.S.C. 1434 et seq.), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS) has prepared a Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) that considers alternatives for the proposed designation of Wisconsin - Lake Michigan as a National Marine Sanctuary. The proposed action addresses NOAA’s responsibilities under the NMSA to identify, designate, and protect areas of the marine and Great Lakes environment with special national significance due to their conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, scientific, cultural, archaeological, educational, or aesthetic qualities as national marine sanctuaries. ONMS has developed five alternatives for the designation, and the DEIS evaluates the environmental consequences of each under NEPA. The DEIS also serves as a resource assessment under the NMSA, documenting present and potential uses of the areas considered in the alternatives.
    [Show full text]
  • Bunaken National Park: Participatory Management in Zoning
    TOURISM INDUSTRY MODULE 4 Handout 4.18 Case Study: Bunaken National Park: Participatory Management in Zoning Bunaken National Park, in North Sulawesi, is a 89,000 hectare reserve covering 6 islands and mainland coastline. It has diverse coastal and marine habitats, including extensive coral reefs and mangroves, supporting such species as dugong, sea turtles, giant clams, and a species of coelacanth. It offers some of the best scuba diving in Southeast Asia, and provides livelihood to a population of 20,000 people in local communities. The main section of the park was declared a provincial park in 1980, and was combined with a southern section in 1991. The early process of planning the park was a process of sparring between the provincial government, local dive operators, and the central government (represented by the Ministry of Forestry). The local communities, an important stakeholder, were not included in the process. The provincial government’s primary interest was tourism development, supported by a long-held misconception that the tourism value of the park greatly outweighed its value to local fisher people. Further, there was a belief that the park was suitable for mass beach tourism such as at Bali, though the beaches in the park were small and not suitable for this. The local dive operators were based outside the park, and had long lobbied for a ban on tourism facilities inside the park, due to fears that whoever gained concessions inside the park would gain an unfair advantage. The national government’s primary goal was conservation. Thus all three players had incompatible goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Scleractinia Fauna of Taiwan I
    Scleractinia Fauna of Taiwan I. The Complex Group 台灣石珊瑚誌 I. 複雜類群 Chang-feng Dai and Sharon Horng Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University Published by National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan Table of Contents Scleractinia Fauna of Taiwan ................................................................................................1 General Introduction ........................................................................................................1 Historical Review .............................................................................................................1 Basics for Coral Taxonomy ..............................................................................................4 Taxonomic Framework and Phylogeny ........................................................................... 9 Family Acroporidae ............................................................................................................ 15 Montipora ...................................................................................................................... 17 Acropora ........................................................................................................................ 47 Anacropora .................................................................................................................... 95 Isopora ...........................................................................................................................96 Astreopora ......................................................................................................................99
    [Show full text]
  • EN COUN TER 34 (Due out Early 2006) Is 1 October 2005
    MEMBERSHIP Number 33 October 2005 The annual subscription for individual membership of ISRS for a family membership. Those received after 1st May will cost US$32, is currently US$80, provided renewal payments are made by 1st March US$100 and US$110 respectively. New members can join at the base each year. Individual and Family Members receive the journal Coral rate of US$25, US$80 and US$90 at any time of the year. Financial Reefs, the magazine Reef Encounter and other periodic mailings. Family assistance may be available to prospective members with legitimate membership is US$90. Student membership costs US$25 and benefi ts needs. Please contact ISRS Corresponding Secretary Richard Aronson include all of the above except the journal Coral Reefs. at [email protected]. The Category - Sustaining Member- is for those supporting the Institutional subscriptions to Coral Reefs must be placed society with a subscription of $200. In addition to other benefi ts, sustaining directly with Springer-Verlag. members will see their names printed in each issue of Reef Encounter. Subscriptions to the Society should be addressed to: Renewals received between 1 March and 30 April will cost International Society for Reef Studies, P.O. Box 1897, Lawrence, Kansas US$30 for a student member, US$90 for a full member and US$100 66044-8897, USA. NOTES FOR CONTRIBUTORS REEF Reef Encounter is the International Society for Reef Stud- the relevant issue. Please consider joining the Society if you are not ies’ magazine-style newsletter. In addition to our main feature articles, already a member! we include news on all aspects of reef science, including meetings, We acknowledge contributions by email.
    [Show full text]
  • N E O P R E N E T O P S B O T T O M S a C C E S S O R I
    NEOPRENE TOPS BOTTOMS ACCESSORIES 06 *All prices in Euro incl. VAT. Subject to modifications. Attention is drawn to the general payment and delivery conditions. WATER WEAR NEOPREN MLS MUSCLE LOCK SYSTEM MLS COMPRESSION FLOCKING ON THE SUIT’S INSIDE, SUPPORTING YOUR CALF MUSCLE’S BLOOD FLOW AND PREVENTING CRAMPS. EXCLUSIVE NEILPRYDE TECHNOLOGY Available on: Combat Wetsuit (mens) Storm Wetsuit (womens) SOLLEN WIR DIE SEITE NICHT VIELLEICHT GANZ STREICHEN? DIE ALTEN BILDER NICHT JETZT NICHT SO OPTIMAL, ODER? 08 *All prices in Euro incl. VAT. Subject to modifications. Attention is drawn to the general payment and delivery conditions. NEOPREN EFX EXPANSION PANEL EFX STRETCHY EXPANSION PANELS ON LOWER SLEEVES. EXTENDING WHEN YOUR FOREARM MUSCLES WIDEN WITH INCREASED BLOOD FLOW. EXCLUSIVE NEILPRYDE TECHNOLOGY Available on: Combat & Mission (mens) Storm & Serene (womens) *All prices in Euro incl. VAT. Subject to modifications. Attention is drawn to the general payment and delivery conditions. 09 TECHNOLOGY MATERIALS YAMAMOTO ARMOR-SKIN G2 DRI-FLEX APEX-PLUS LIMESTONE NEOPRENE Premium Japanese limestone-based neoprene. Armor-Skin 2nd generation, is our exclusive Ultralight outer jersey that dries in a fraction Silky smooth outer jersey containing more Yamamoto’s neoprene is more eco-friendly, neoprene that combines the warmth and wind compared to standard outer jersey. Dri-Flex spandex for flexibility and an ultra soft hand lighter and has a longer lifespan than protection of a mesh-wetsuit with the durability jersey combined with Yamamoto neoprene is feel. The additional spandex adds more stretch traditional petroleum-based neoprene. of a double-lined suit. the fastest drying, stretchiest, and lightest than standard outer jersey.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantifying the Impact of Watershed Urbanization on a Coral Reef: Maunalua Bay, Hawaii
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 84 (2009) 259–268 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecss Quantifying the impact of watershed urbanization on a coral reef: Maunalua Bay, Hawaii Eric Wolanski a,b,*, Jonathan A. Martinez c,d, Robert H. Richmond c a ACTFR and Department of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia b AIMS, Cape Ferguson, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia c Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA d Department of Botany, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA article info abstract Article history: Human activities in the watersheds surrounding Maunalua Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, have lead to the degra- Received 27 April 2009 dation of coastal coral reefs affecting populations of marine organisms of ecological, economic and Accepted 26 June 2009 cultural value. Urbanization, stream channelization, breaching of a peninsula, seawalls, and dredging on Available online 8 July 2009 the east side of the bay have resulted in increased volumes and residence time of polluted runoff waters, eutrophication, trapping of terrigenous sediments, and the formation of a permanent nepheloid layer. Keywords: The ecosystem collapse on the east side of the bay and the prevailing westward longshore current have urbanization resulted in the collapse of the coral and coralline algae population on the west side of the bay. In turn this river plume fine sediment has lead to a decrease in carbonate sediment production through bio-erosion as well as a disintegration nepheloid layer of the dead coral and coralline algae, leading to sediment starvation and increased wave breaking on the herbivorous fish coast and thus increased coastal erosion.
    [Show full text]