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Recommended Package of Agro Production Technology for Finger Millet

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Recommended Package of Agro Production Technology for Finger Millet RECOMMENDED PACKAGE OF AGRO PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOR FINGER MILLET FINGER MILLET ( Eleusine coracana Gaertn.) The cultivation of finger millet ( ragi mandua, nagli, kapai and madua) is widely distributed extending from Tamil Nadu in South to Uttaranchal in North; Gujarat in West to Orissa in East and even extending to north – eastern regions including Sikkim. The area under finger (Eleusine coracana) has declined from 2.6 million ha in early sixties to around 1.8 million ha in 2002-03. However, the annual production is maintained around 2.6 tonnes with a productivity of around 1.4000 kg/ha. Finger millet is grown in different seasons in different parts of the county. As a rainfed crop, it is sown in June – July in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh; during June in Maharashtra, Orissa, Bihar, Uttaranchal, Madhya Pradesh and Gujrat; and in April – May in hills at higher altitudes of Uttaranchal and Himachal Pradesh. It is also grown in the winter season ( rabi ) by planting in September – October in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh and as summer irrigated crop by planting is January – February in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Bihar. Varieties A number of high yielding varieties have been evolved and released for cultivation in different states. The improved varieties are able to meet the specific requirements of different regions. This includes varieties for drier areas, saline and sodic soils of Tamil Nadu, for both early and late planting situations in Kharif , rabi and summer in Karnataka, varieties combining high seed and fodder yield with earliness for Uttaranchal, blast resistant varieties for disease endemic regions and varieties suitable for coastal and high rainfall regions of Andhra Pradesh and Orissa. The varieties recommended for different states are given in table 15 and salient feature of recently released varieties in table 16. Season Finger millet is grown in all the cropping seasons in different parts of the country. More than 90 per cent of the area is under rainfed conditions, grown during Kharif season. It is normally sown in June-July in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh; during June in Maharashtra, Orissa, Bihar, Uttaranchal, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat and in April-May in hills at higher altitudes of Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh. It is also grown in winter season (rabi) by planting in September-October in Karnataka,Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh and as a summer irrigated crop by planting in January – February in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Bihar. Tillage Fall ploughing is advantageous for moisture conservation. In the month of April or May, one deep ploughing with mould board plough followed by ploughing with wooden plough twice is necessary. Before sowing secondary tillage with cultivator and multiple tooth hoe to prepare smooth seed bed is necessary. Minor land smoothening before sowing helps in better in-situ moisture conservation. Seeds are very small and take 5-7 days to germinate .Hence good seeds land preparation helps in better germination, minimizes weeds problem and effective soil moisture conservation. In Uttaranchal where frequent ploughing operations are difficult to carry out effective digging and turning of soil, removing perrenial weeds, land smoothening, providing inward slope with a shallow drain helps in taking out excess rain water. 31 I. Recommended varieties of finger millet for different states State Season Varieties Remarks Andhra Pradesh Early kharif (May -August) AKP 2, Suraj, VR 708 (Champavathi) OEB For entire state 10, PR 230 Late kharif (July -November) Godavari, Ratnagiri, Gautami and Sarada For North coastal A.P Padmavathi, Kalyani, Saptagiri For Rayalseema & Telangana Late Rabi (November -March) Godavari, Ratnagiri and Gautami For North coastal region Kalyani, Ratnagiri and Gautami For Rayalseema Bihar Kharif (June -September) BR 407, RAU 8, VL 149 For North Bihar Chattisgarh Kharif (June -Sept) PR 202, RAU 8 and BM 9 -1 Jarkhand Kharif (June -September) A 404, Birsa Marua 2 (BM 2), V L 149 For Chotanagpur Plateau Gujarat Kharif (June -September) Gujarat Nagli -1, Gujarat Nagli -2, VL 149, VL 149 is a blast tolerant, early and high OEB 10 yielding variety Himachal Pradesh Kharif (April -September) VL 124, VL 149 VL 124 is superior in b oth seed and fodder yield Karnataka Kar or Early Kharif (April - Indaf 9, GPU 26, GPU 45, VR 708 August) Kharif (July -November) Indaf 8, HR 911, PR 202, MR 1, MR 6, L 5, Indaf 8 and MR 1 to be sown before 20th July GPU 28 GPU 45, GPU 26, GPU 48 can be sown upto August Late kharif (August -November) Indaf 9, PR 202, GPU 28, GPU 26, GPU 45 and OEB 10 Rabi (October -September) Indaf 7, Indaf 15 and Indaf 9 Indaf 7 possesses cold tolerance Summer (January -May) Indaf 5, Indaf 9, HR 911, GPU 26 and GPU Planting rabi crop beyond October is to be 48 discouraged Maharashtra Kharif (May -September) VL 149, RAU 8, BM 9 -1, GPU 45, Dapoli 1, VL 146 Madhya Pradesh Kharif (June -October) VL 149, PR 202, RAU 8, BM 9 -1, GPU 45, OEB 10 Orissa Kharif (June - Septemb er) PR 202, VL 149, VR 708, OUAT 2, OUAT 2 is a white seeded variety BM 9-1, AKP 2, Dibyasingh, Neelachal, OEB 10 Tamil Nadu Maghazipattam(Dec -April) Co 7, Co 11, Co 12, Co 13, Co 14, K 5, K 7, Paiyur 1 possesses drought toleranc e and hence Paiyur 1, TRY 1, OEB 10 suitable for dry districts of Salem and Dharmapuri. TRY 1 is tolerant to salinity. Chitharaipattam (April -August) Co 11, Co 12, Co 13, Paiyur 1, K 7, K 5 Adipattam (June -September) Paiyur 1, Co 11, Co 12, Co 7, Indaf 5 Purattasipattam (Sept. -Dec.) Co 7, Co 11, Co 12, Co 13, K 7, Paiyur 1, Indaf 5 and VR 708 Uttar Pradesh Kharif (June -September) Nirmal, KM 13, KM 65, PES 110, VL 146 For plains Uttaranchal Kharif (June -October) VL 124, VL 204, PES 400, VL 149, VL 315 For hills II Varieties of finger millet released during 1986-2005 Sl. Institute where Year of Maturity Av Yield Crop/Variety Pedigree Area of Adaption Special features No. developed release (Days) Kg/ha It can be grown in rainfed and 1. HR 911 UAS 1 x IE 927 PC Unit, Bangalore 1986 110-115 4000-5000 Karnataka irrigated conditions Long duration type for early 2. Indaf 8 Hullu bele x IE 929 UAS, Bangalore 1986 115-120 3500-4000 Karnataka sowings Gujarat nagli 2 GAU Sardar 3. Pureline selection 1988 110-115 2500-3000 Gujarat High finger number (NS 109) Krishinagar, Gujarat For late sown conditions in 4. Indaf 9 KI x IE 98 R UAS, Bangalore 1988 100-105 3000-3500 Karnataka Kharif Uttar Pradesh, Madhya 5. KM 13 Pureline selection CSAUA&T, Kanpur 1989 95-110 2500-3000 Pradesh, Orissa 6. PES 400 Pureline selection GBPUAT, Pantnagar 1989 98-102 1800-2000 Hills of U.P Early maturity 7. Co 13 Co 7 x TAH 107 TNAU, Coimbatore 1989 110-120 2500-3000 Tamil Nadu Selection from HR 8. TRY 1 TNAU, Coimbatore 1989 100-105 2000-2500 Tamil Nadu Tolerant to salinity 374 Selection from Earliness, high seed and fodder 9. VL 124 VPKAS, Almora 1989 95-100 2000-2500 Hills of U.P local germplasm yield BR 407 x Ranchi 10. RAU 8 RAU, Dholi 1989 105-110 2200-2500 Bihar and other states Local Saptagiri Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, 11. MR 1 x Kalyani APAU, Perumalapalli 1990 105-110 2500-3000 (PR 2614) Orissa, Andhra Pradesh 12. Indaf 15 IE 927 x IE 67 UAS, Bangalore 1991 110-115 3500-4000 Karnataka 13. VL 149 VL 204 x IE 882 VPKAS, Almora 1991 98-102 2000-2500 All states Wide adaptation, earliness Selection from 14. A 404 BAU, Ranchi 1993 110-115 2200-2500 Bihar germplasm Gautami 15. PR 202 x U22 MRS, Vizianagaram 1993 115-120 2800-3000 Andhra Pradesh Tolerance to blast, high yield (PR 1158-9) 16. GN 3 KM 13 x GN 2 GAU, Gujarat 1993 130-136 2200-2500 Gujarat Padmavathi ANGRAU, 17. Pureline selection 1993 110-115 2500-3000 Coastal Andhra Pradesh (PPR 2350) Perumalapalli (AP) Selection from Konkan regions of 18. Dapoli 1 KVK, Dapoli 1994 100-110 1500-2000 mutant No. 50-1 Maharashtra Suraj ANGRAU, 19. Pureline selection 1994 90-95 2200-2800 All over India (VR 520) Vizianagaram, (AP) Selection from 20. KM 65 CSAUA&T, Kanpur 1994 98-102 1800-2100 Uttar Pradesh exotic germplasm Selection from 21. VL-146 APAU, Perumallapalli 1995 100-105 2500-3000 Andhra Pradesh germplasm 22. BM 2 Selection BAU, Ranchi 1995 105-110 2400-2600 Bihar 23. GPU 28 Indaf 5 x IE 1012 PC Unit, Bangalore 1996 110-115 3500-4000 Karnataka Highly blast resistant Chotanagapur regions of 24. Birsa marua 2 Pureline selection BAU, Ranchi 1996 110-115 2000-2500 Jharkand Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Champavathi ANGRAU, ARS, 25. Puerline selection 1998 90-95 2000-2500 Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, (VR 708) Vizianagaram Karnataka, Orissa 26. MR 1 Hamsa x IE 927 UAS, Bangalore 1998 125-130 3500-4000 Karnataka Long duration, for early sowings PR 230 Andhra Pradesh (Telangana 27. Pure line selection ANGRAU, Paleru 1998 90-100 2500-3000 (Maruthi) region) Karnataka, Andhra Mutant from Moderately resistant to blast and 28. BM 9-1 OUAT, Berhampur 1999 103-105 2500-3000 Pradesh, Orissa, Madhya Budha Mandia brown spot Pradesh & Maharashtra 29. L-5 Malawi x Indaf 9 UAS, Bangalore 1999 120-125 3500-4000 Karnataka Late variety, for early sowings PC Unit, UAS, Karnataka Early, blast tolerant, suitable late 30. GPU 26 (I-5 x I-9) IE 1012 2000 100-105 3000-3500 Bangalore sowings &summer PC Unit, UAS, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Early, blast resistant 31.
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