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When Athaliah the Mother of Ahaziah Saw That Her Son Was Dead, She Proceeded to Destroy the Whole Royal Family
Pentecost 13C, August 14 & 15 2016 TEXT: 2 Kings 11:1-3, 12-18 THEME: GOD KEEPS HIS PROMISES 1. An Attack Against God’s Promise 2. God Raised Up a Heroine to Keep His Promise When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she proceeded to destroy the whole royal family. But Jehosheba, the daughter of King Jehoram and sister of Ahaziah, took Joash son of Ahaziah and stole him away from among the royal princes, who were about to be murdered. She put him and his nurse in a bedroom to hide him from Athaliah; so he was not killed. He remained hidden with his nurse at the temple of the LORD for six years while Athaliah ruled the land. … Jehoiada brought out the king's son and put the crown on him; he presented him with a copy of the covenant and proclaimed him king. They anointed him, and the people clapped their hands and shouted, "Long live the king!" When Athaliah heard the noise made by the guards and the people, she went to the people at the temple of the LORD. She looked and there was the king, standing by the pillar, as the custom was. The officers and the trumpeters were beside the king, and all the people of the land were rejoicing and blowing trumpets. Then Athaliah tore her robes and called out, "Treason! Treason!" Jehoiada the priest ordered the commanders of units of a hundred, who were in charge of the troops: "Bring her out between the ranks and put to the sword anyone who follows her." For the priest had said, "She must not be put to death in the temple of the LORD." So they seized her as she reached the place where the horses enter the palace grounds, and there she was put to death. -
2 KINGS Editorial Consultants Athalya Brenner-Idan Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza
2 KINGS Editorial Consultants Athalya Brenner-Idan Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza Editorial Board Mary Ann Beavis Carol J. Dempsey Gina Hens-Piazza Amy-Jill Levine Linda M. Maloney Ahida Pilarski Sarah J. Tanzer Lauress Wilkins Lawrence WISDOM COMMENTARY Volume 12 2 Kings Song-Mi Suzie Park Ahida Calderón Pilarski Volume Editor Barbara E. Reid, OP General Editor A Michael Glazier Book LITURGICAL PRESS Collegeville, Minnesota www.litpress.org A Michael Glazier Book published by Liturgical Press Scripture texts in this work are taken from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, © 1989, Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. © 2019 by Order of Saint Benedict, Collegeville, Minnesota. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever, except brief quotations in reviews, without written permission of Liturgical Press, Saint John’s Abbey, PO Box 7500, Collegeville, MN 56321-7500. Printed in the United States of America. 123456789 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Park, Song-Mi Suzie, author. Title: 2 Kings / Song-Mi Suzie Park ; Ahida Calderón Pilarski, volume editor ; Barbara E. Reid, OP, general editor. Other titles: Second Kings Description: Collegeville : Liturgical Press, 2019. | Series: Wisdom commentary ; Volume 12 | “A Michael Glazier book.” | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019019581 (print) | LCCN 2019022046 (ebook) | ISBN -
Athaliah, a Treacherous Queen: a Careful Analysis of Her Story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21
Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 Robin Gallaher Branch School of Biblical Sciences & Bible Languages Potchefstroom Campus North-West University POTCHEFSTROOM E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 This article presents a critical look at the story of the reign of Athaliah, the only ruling queen of Israel or Judah in the biblical text. Double reference in 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles shows her story’s importance and significance to the biblical writers. The largely parallel accounts read like a contemporary soap opera, for they contain murder, intrigue, harem politics, religious upheaval, and coup and counter-coup. Her story provides insights on the turbulent political climate of the ninth century BC. However, the purpose of the biblical writers is not to show Athaliah as the epitome of evil or that all women in power are evil. Opsomming Atalia, ’n verraderlike koningin: ’n noukeurige analise van haar verhaal in 2 Konings 11 en 2 Kronieke 22:10-23:21 In hierdie artikel word die verhaal van Atalia krities nagegaan. Atalia was naamlik die enigste koninging van Israel of Juda wie se regeringstyd in die Bybelteks verhaal word. Die dubbele verwysings na hierdie tyd in 2 Konings en 2 Kronieke dui op die belangrikheid en betekenis van haar verhaal vir die Bybel- skrywers. Die twee weergawes wat grotendeels parallelle weer- gawes is, lees byna soos ’n hedendaagse sepie, want hierdie verhale sluit elemente in soos moord, intrige, harempolitiek, godsdiensopstand, staatsgreep en kontrastaatsgreep. -
Chart of the Kings of Israel and Judah
The Kings of Israel & Judah Why Study the Kings? Chart of the Kings Questions for Discussion The Heritage of Jesus Host: Alan's Gleanings Alphabetical List of the Kings A Comment about Names God's Message of Salvation Kings of the United Kingdom (c 1025-925 BC) Relationship to God's King Previous King Judgment Saul none did evil Ishbosheth* son (unknown) David none did right Solomon did right in youth, son (AKA Jedidiah) evil in old age * The kingdom was divided during Ishbosheth's reign; David was king over the tribe of Judah. Kings of Judah (c 925-586 BC) Kings of Israel (c 925-721 BC) Relationship to God's Relationship to God's King King Previous King Judgment Previous King Judgment Rehoboam son did evil Abijam Jeroboam servant did evil son did evil (AKA Abijah) Nadab son did evil Baasha none did evil Asa son did right Elah son did evil Zimri captain did evil Omri captain did evil Ahab son did evil Jehoshaphat son did right Ahaziah son did evil Jehoram son did evil (AKA Joram) Jehoram son of Ahab did evil Ahaziah (AKA Joram) (AKA Azariah son did evil or Jehoahaz) Athaliah mother did evil Jehu captain mixed Joash did right in youth, son of Ahaziah Jehoahaz son did evil (AKA Jehoash) evil in old age Joash did right in youth, son did evil Amaziah son (AKA Jehoash) evil in old age Jeroboam II son did evil Zachariah son did evil did evil Uzziah Shallum none son did right (surmised) (AKA Azariah) Menahem none did evil Pekahiah son did evil Jotham son did right Pekah captain did evil Ahaz son did evil Hoshea none did evil Hezekiah son did right Manasseh son did evil Amon son did evil Josiah son did right Jehoahaz son did evil (AKA Shallum) Jehoiakim Assyrian captivity son of Josiah did evil (AKA Eliakim) Jehoiachin (AKA Coniah son did evil or Jeconiah) Zedekiah son of Josiah did evil (AKA Mattaniah) Babylonian captivity Color Code Legend: King did right King did evil Other. -
Semitica 62, 2020, P
Athaliah and the Theopolitics of Royal Assassination Cat Quine University of Nottingham Abstract. While the kingdom of Israel experienced eight military coups in its shorter his- tory, the kingdom of Judah saw only four assassinations of its monarchs, three of which were Athaliah, her usurper, and his successor.1 This sequence of untimely royal deaths in Judah stands in contrast to the stability of Israel’s royal line under the Jehuite dynasty, whose kings are said to have entreated Yahweh, sought advice from prophets, and defeated Judah at Beth-Shemesh. From a later perspective it seems that whereas Yahweh previously protected the Judahite kings, in the ninth-eighth centuries BCE the Jehuite kings enjoyed Yahweh’s favour more than the Davidides. This paper thus considers the theopolitical im- pact of untimely royal deaths in ninth-eighth century Judah and argues that the instability of the Judahite royal line after her marriage contributed to the negative biblical portrayal of Athaliah and the Omride-Judahite alliance. Résumé. Cependant que le royaume d’Israël a connu huit coups d’État, le royaume de Juda n’a subi que quatre assassinats royaux, parmi lesquels Athalie, son usurpateur et son suc- cesseur. Cette séquence tranche avec la stabilité de la dynastie jéhuite, dont les rois implo- rent Yahvé, cherchent conseil auprès des prophètes, et défont Juda à Beth-Shémesh. De ce point de vue, il semble qu’aux IXᵉ-VIIIᵉ s. av. J.-Ch. les rois jéhuites bénéficient plus que les davidides de la faveur de Yahvé, alors même que ce dernier protégeait jusqu’alors les rois judaïtes. -
Jehoram and Ahaziah Once Again
ANOTHER SHAKINGOF JEHOSHAPHAT’S FAMILYTREE: JEHORAM AND AHAZIAH ONCE AGAIN by W. BOYD BARRICK Billings This essay reexamines the genealogical relationships of Jehoram and Ahaziah of Judah to each other, to their predecessor Jehoshaphat, and to the House of Omri in (North-)Israel. According to most historical reconstructions, Jehoram was the natural son of Jehoshaphat and an unnamed spouse, and Ahaziah was the natural son of Jehoram and Athaliah. The relevant biblical data are anything but clear, however, and this proposal and the alternatives heretofore advanced are not entirely satisfactory. The data and the problems 2 Kgs. viii 17 reports that Jehoram b. Jehoshaphat came to the throne at 32 years of age (hereinafter “yoa”). This datum coupled with the regnal data given for Jehoshaphat in 1 Kgs. xxii 42 means that Jehoshaphat was about 28 yoa ([35 yoa + 25 years of reign] - 32 yoa) at his birth. The average age of the fteen Judahite royal fathers from Jehoshaphat to Jehoiakim at the birth of their successors is 24.73 yoa. 1 The ages of the fathers of ve kings, however, are suspiciously high (Jotham, Manasseh, and Amon would have been born when their respective fathers were 43 yoa, 42 yoa, and 45 yoa, advanced ages for the time, whether or not they were rst-born sons; Amaziah’s 38 yoa is also substantially above the average) or low (Ahaz’s 11 yoa at Hezekiah’s birth is physiologically dubious). 2 Jehoshaphat’s age at Jehoram’s birth also is suspiciously high, but for di Verent reasons 1 Calculatedfrom thedata given in 1Kgs.xxii 42; 2Kgs.viii 17, 26; xii 1-2; xiv 2; xv 2, 33; xvi 2; xviii 2; xxi 1, 10; xxii 2; xxiii 31, 36; xxiv 8, 18. -
History of the People of Israel. from the Beginning to the Destruction Of
HISTORY OF THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL.' FROM THE BEGINNING TO THE DESTRUCTION OF JERU- SALEM. BY PROF. C. H. CORNILL. IV. Solomon. — The Division of the Kingdom. — The Early Years of the Divided Kingdoms. TO BE THE SUCCESSOR of David was a great inheritance, but a much greater responsibility. Will Solomon, upon whose youthful shoulders the dying father laid the heavy burden, be equal to it? There is perhaps no other personage of Israelitish history of whose true character and its historical significance it is so difficult to get a clear conception and give a correct picture, as Solomon ; for what we know of him is scant and self-contradic- tory. It is possible to represent him as an oriental despot of the most common stamp and support every trait of the picture thus drawn with Bible references, and to take credit into the bargain for one's objectivity and freedom from prejudice. But such a judgment would be absolutely unhistorical : Solomon cannot have been an ordinary and insignificant man, —on this point history speaks loud and clear. He was the acknowledged favorite of his father. This may have been due solely to the fact that he was a late offspring, con- siderably younger than David's other sons, and born in his father's old age. Now it is deeply rooted in the nature of a man that his desire for children and his fondness for them grows with advan- cing age. A grandson is usually loved more fondly than a son, and Solomon might have been David's grandson as far as years were 1 Translated from the manuscript of Prof. -
Queen Mothers of Judah and the Religious Trends That Develop During Their Sons' Reign
Olivet Nazarene University Digital Commons @ Olivet Honors Program Projects Honors Program 5-2021 Mothers and Sons: Queen Mothers of Judah and the Religious Trends that Develop During Their Sons' Reign Brian Bowen Olivet Nazarene University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.olivet.edu/honr_proj Part of the Biblical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Bowen, Brian, "Mothers and Sons: Queen Mothers of Judah and the Religious Trends that Develop During Their Sons' Reign" (2021). Honors Program Projects. 120. https://digitalcommons.olivet.edu/honr_proj/120 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at Digital Commons @ Olivet. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Program Projects by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Olivet. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A huge special thanks to my advisor, Kevin Mellish, Ph.D. for working with me through the whole research process from the seed of an idea to the final polished draft. Without his guidance, this project would not exist. Thank you to Pam Greenlee, Sandy Harris, and the Interlibrary Loan Department for helping me to get access to resources that would not have been available to me otherwise. Thank you to Elizabeth Schurman, Ph.D., and Dan Sharda, Ph.D. for assisting with the submission process to the Honors Council for the annotated bibliography, proposal, and thesis. Also, thanks to Elizabeth Schurman, Ph.D., Eddie Ellis, Ph.D., and Larry Murphy, Ph.D. for support with the editing and polishing of my thesis. Thanks to the Olivet Nazarene University Honors Council for giving me the opportunity and means to do this research project. -
Royal Introductions
ROYAL INTRODUCTIONS Kings of the Past Who Point Us to the True King ATHALIAH/JOASH: The Lineage of David Preserved (2 Kings 11:1-12:21; 2 Chronicles 21-24) By Ron Clegg, Assoc. Pastor for Discipleship With the death of Jehoshaphat, we enter into a darker period of Judah’s kings. We will see even darker seasons that come through the pervasive disobedience of particular kings, but this is one of note, and one that provides many lessons for us. Let’s briefly look at the complexity of this period in Judah’s history. Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah for 25 good and prosperous years. Upon his death, his eldest son Jehoram took the throne. Things immediately went downhill. One of the practices of the pagan kings in the region was that the ascending king would remove all of his competitors, most often by their deaths. Brothers were typically not beloved, and they were threats, in that they stood in line to the throne if anything happened to the reigning brother. And things did happen, much of the time at the hands of those brothers. However, Judah’s kings did not put their brothers to death, because the covenant called them to a different standard. There was the exception when Solomon put his brother Adonijah to death when he sought to usurp Solomon’s rule, but Solomon only executed Adonijah, not the other brothers. When Jehoram took the throne, he put all of his brothers to the sword. The writer of Chronicles condemns this action by saying Jehoram did this “in the ways of the kings of Israel, as the house of Ahab had done” (2 Chronicles 21:6). -
Article 12: Second Kings at a Glance
Scholars Crossing The Owner's Manual File Theological Studies 11-2017 Article 12: Second Kings at a Glance Harold Willmington Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/owners_manual Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, Practical Theology Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Willmington, Harold, "Article 12: Second Kings at a Glance" (2017). The Owner's Manual File. 34. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/owners_manual/34 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Theological Studies at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Owner's Manual File by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SECOND KINGS AT A GLANCE This book records the supernatural departure of Elijah, the subsequent ministry of Elisha, the brief but bloody reign of northern Queen Athaliah, the capture of the northern ten tribes by the Assyrians, the deliverance of Jerusalem by the death angel, and the eventual captivity of the southern two tribes (Benjamin and Judah) by the Babylonians. BOTTOM LINE INTRODUCTION THE ASSYRIANS ARE COMING! THE BABYLONIANS ARE COMING! The book of Second Kings records both these events, the first resulting in the capture of the Northern Kingdom (chapter 17), and the second in Judah’s destruction (chapter 25). FACTS REGARDING THE AUTHOR OF THIS BOOK 1. Who? Jeremiah. He was known as the weeping prophet (Jer. 4:19; 9:1, 2, 10; 13:17; 14:17) and authored the longest book in the Bible (apart from the Psalms), the book of Jeremiah. -
Eng-Kjv2006 2CH.Pdf 2 Chronicles
2 Chronicles 1:1 1 2 Chronicles 1:10 The Second Book of the Chronicles 1 And Solomon the son of David was strengthened in his kingdom, and the LORD his God was with him, and magnified him exceedingly. 2 Then Solomon spake unto all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and to the judges, and to every governor in all Israel, the chief of the fathers. 3 So Solomon, and all the congregation with him, went to the high place that was at Gibeon; for there was the tabernacle of the congregation of God, which Moses the servant of the LORD had made in the wilderness. 4 But the ark of God had David brought up from Kirjath-jearim to the place which David had prepared for it: for he had pitched a tent for it at Jerusalem. 5 Moreover the brasen altar, that Bezaleel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, had made, he put before the tabernacle of the LORD: and Solomon and the congregation sought unto it.* 6 And Solomon went up thither to the brasen altar before the LORD, which was at the tabernacle of the congregation, and offered a thousand burnt offerings upon it. 7 ¶ In that night did God appear unto Solomon, and said unto him, Ask what I shall give thee. 8 And Solomon said unto God, Thou hast shewed great mercy unto David my father, and hast made me to reign in his stead. 9 Now, O LORD God, let thy promise unto David my father be established: for thou hast made me king over a people like the dust of the earth in multitude.† 10 Give me now wisdom and knowledge, that I may go out and come in before this people: for who can judge this thy people, that * 1:5 he put: or, was there † 1:9 like…: Heb. -
Queen Alexandra-Complete-Revised
Queen Alexandra: The Anomaly of a Sovereign Jewish Queen in the Second Temple Period Thesis submitted for the degree of “Doctor of Philosophy” by Etka Liebowitz Submitted to the Senate of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem November 2011 This work was carried out under the supervision of: Professor Daniel R. Schwartz Acknowledgements This dissertation commenced almost a decade ago with a conversation I had with the late Professor Hanan Eshel, of blessed memory. His untimely passing was a great loss to all. It continued at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where I was privileged to study with the leading scholars in the field of Jewish History. First and foremost, I wish to thank my supervisor, Professor Daniel Schwartz, for the generous amount of time and effort he invested in seeing this dissertation to fruition. I learned much from his constructive suggestions and valuable insights, from our meetings, and from his outstanding classes on Josephus at the Hebrew University. I would also like to express my deep gratitude to the other members of my supervisory committee for their guidance, encouragement and useful critiques: Professor Lee Levine, who initially served as my supervisor until his retirement, and Professor Tal Ilan, whose pioneering feminist studies on the topic of Queen Alexandra led the way for my research. Professor Ilan devoted much time to this project, and has become a valued colleague, mentor and friend. My grateful thanks are also extended to Rivkah Fishman-Duker and Dr. Shaul Bauman for their comments, suggestions and invaluable assistance with various chapters. Finally, I wish to express my gratitude to my beloved family for their understanding, encouragement and support throughout my studies – my husband, Moshe, my children Shlomo, Tzipi and Naomi, and my mother, Rifka, who was an independent (and anomalous) woman many years before the feminist movement.