Feasibility Study of Integrated Desizing, Scouring and Bleaching
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Novel Possibilities in Chemical Pretreatment and Finishing Of
Novel Possibilities in Chemical Pretreatment and Finishing of Cotton Fabrics Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften – Dr. rer. nat. – vorgelegt von Vahid Ameri Dehabadi geboren in Kashan/Iran Institut für Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West gGmbH der Universität Duisburg-Essen 2012 Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Zeitraum von Nov 2008 bis Juli 2012 im Arbeitskreis von Prof. Dr. Gutmann am Institut für Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West gGmbH der Universität Duisburg-Essen durchgeführt. Tag der Disputation: 10.12.2012 Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Gutmann Prof. Dr. Ulbricht Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Spohr Erklärung Hiermit versichere ich, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit mit dem Titel „Novel Possibilities in Chemical Pretreatment and Finishing of Cotton Fabrics ” selbst verfasst und keine außer den angegebenen Hilfsmitteln und Quellen benutzt habe, und dass die Arbeit in dieser oder ähnlicher Form noch bei keiner anderen Universität eingereicht wurde. Essen, im Juli 2012 Vahid Ameri Dehabadi Novel Possibilities in Chemical Pretreatment and Finishing of Cotton Fabrics Von der Fakultät für Chemie der Universität Duisburg-Essen zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften genehmigte Dissertation von Vahid Ameri Dehabadi Essen–DeutsChland Juli 2012 Acknowledgment I am heartily thankful to my supervisor Prof. Dr. JoChen Stefan Gutmann, whose enCouragement, guidanCe and support from the initial to the final level enabled me to develop an understanding of the subjeCt. I also must deClare my speCially thanks to retired Prof. Dr. ECkhard SChollmeyer, who had kindly helped and let me to Continue my study in University of Duisburg- Essen. I owe my deepest gratitude to Dr. Hans-Jürgen BusChmann and Dr. -
Preparation of Cloth for Dyeing METHODOLOGY
Preparation of Cloth for dyeing METHODOLOGY • PREPARATION OF CLOTH FOR DYEING • Grey cloth as it comes from the loom stage is unattractive and contains natural as well as added impurities, which hinders the successful operations of dyeing by reducing the absorbency of the fabric that’s why it is necessary to make the fabric water absorbent, by making the fabric free from any natural as well as added impurities in order to achieve successful dyeing process. • Preparation of the cotton cloth contains following steps systematically. Different Treatments to the fabric • Desizing • Scouring • Bleaching Desizing • Desizing is a process by which fatty matters are removed from the grey cloth i.e. starch etc., which applied to the warp and weft yarns during weaving in order to with stand the stress or strain. • Process of desizing can be done either by hydrolytic desizing or by oxidative desizing. • The theme of desizing process is only to convert the insoluble starch into soluble form. Starch can be hydrolyzed under the following steps: • Starch → Dextrin → Dextrin → Maltose → Glucose • (Insoluble) (Insoluble) (Soluble) (Soluble) (Soluble) Scouring • Scouring is the process by which oils, fats, waxes and other nitrogenous matters are removed. Process is carried out by adding 2g/l caustic soda, 1g/l soda ash and 1 g/l T.R.O. and then the temperature is raised to boil and process continued for 3‐4 hours under the pH 10‐ 11.5. Bleaching • A method of bleaching, the fabric is rinsed and struck against a stone, so as to remove as much of the sizing as possible. -
JTEFT-04-00146.Pdf
Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology Research Article Open Access Process intensification of fluorocarbon-free and fluorocarbon-based water repellent finishes on cotton knit fabrics Abstract Volume 4 Issue 3 - 2018 The capabilities of the fluorocarbon-free alkyl urethane based resin, was analyzed Kawser Parveen Chowdhury on cotton fabric. In this study, both single jersey and double jersey knit structured Department of Wet Process Engineering, Bangladesh University fabrics were taken to evaluate the performance of different water repellent finishes of Textiles, Bangladesh; on fabrics properties. The performance of the fluorocarbon-free alkyl urethane based resin and fluorocarbon based water repellent chemicals were evaluated and compared Correspondence: Kawser Parveen Chowdhury, Assistant at different formulations. The effectiveness of water repellency of the finished fabrics Professor, Department of Wet Process Engineering, Bangladesh were evaluated by AATCC 127 hydrostatic head test method and by ISO 4920:2012 University of Textiles, Address: 92, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed spray rating test method. To assess the performance of water repellent finished knit Avenue, Tejgaon, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh, Tel +8801716167777, fabrics, GSM, bursting strength test, stiffness, color fastness to wash, color fastness to Email [email protected] sea water, color fastness to saliva, color fastness to rubbing, color fastness to light were done according to ISO and ASTM method. The results showed that the fluorocarbon- Received: May 25, 2018 | Published: June 06, 2018 free alkyl urethane based resin treated fabrics exhibited competitive result on water repellency, other physical and chemicals properties. The water repellent finish type and concentration were very important criteria to obtain good water repellency. -
Effect of Finishing Auxilliaries on the Color Perception of Cotton Knit Fabric Dyed with Reactive Dye
European Scientific Journal August 2018 edition Vol.14, No.24 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 Effect of Finishing Auxilliaries on the Color Perception of Cotton Knit Fabric Dyed with Reactive Dye Shuvo Brahma, BSc Md. Rashedul Islam, MSc Emran Hossain, BSc Rasheda Begum Dina, MSc Department of Wet Process Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles (BUTEX) Smita Rani Debnath, BSc Department of Apparel Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles (BUTEX) Doi: 10.19044/esj.2018.v14n24p490 URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n24p490 Abstract Dyed textiles are influenced by finishing treatments more or less strongly. Individual dyes as well as finishing products and conditions are responsible for this. An attempt has been made to assess the effects of some finishing auxiliaries on the color yield of reactive dyed cotton knit fabric. It was found that treatment with finishing auxiliaries decreased the shade depth to a considerable extent. The shade changes obtained after treating with fixing and soaping agent were found less than the treatment with caustic soda and combined caustic and glauber salt. Keywords: Finishing, auxiliaries, cotton, color perception. Introduction Color sensation is a characteristic of human experience. Nature provides a particularly vivid display of color. An object viewed in white light, which consists of all wavelengths in the visible region (400–700 nm) in about equal proportions, will appear colored if there is selective absorption of some wavelengths and reflection or transmission of the others. Objects with high reflectance of all wavelengths of white light will appear white, whereas strong absorption of all wavelengths produces black (Broadbent, 2001). -
Colorimetric Analysis and Fastness Properties of Jute Fabric Dyed With
Tekstilec, 2020, Vol. 63(3), 195–202 | DOI: 10.14502/Tekstilec2020.63.195-202 195 Kamrun Nahar1, Shurfun Nahar Arju2, Jannatul Ferdush1, Marzia Islam1, Tarifun Akter1 1 Northern University Bangladesh, Department of Textile Engineering, Kawlar Jamea Masjid Road 111/2, Dhaskhin Khan, Khilkhet, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh 2 Bangladesh University of Textiles, Department of Wet Process Engineering, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue 92, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh Colorimetric Analysis and Fastness Properties of Jute Fabric Dyed with Eucalyptus Leaves Kolorimetrična analiza in obstojnost jutne tkanine, barvane z listi evkaliptusa Original scientific article/Izvirni znanstveni članek Received/Prispelo 3-2020 • Accepted/Sprejeto 6-2020 Corresponding author/Korespondenčna avtorica: Kamrun Nahar, senior lecturer E-mail: [email protected] Mobile: 8801731094445 Abstract Natural dyestuff has reverted its position in the colouration of textile substrates due to rising concerns of consumers and buyers, particularly about environmental impacts and health issues. Eucalyptus leaves were selected in this study as a source of natural dye along with some of the most generally used mordants to ob- serve the impact of dyeing on jute fabric while trying to keep the dyeing parameters at a minimum level. Dyes were extracted from eucalyptus leaves by boiling in water. Then, the fabric was pre-mordanted using different synthetic mordanting agents, such as alum, potassium dichromate, copper sulphate and ferrous sulphate, which are generally used to substantively enhance the dyestuff on textile fabrics and to improve the fastness properties. Synthetic mordant was used here instead of natural mordant due to the better dyeing compatibility of jute fabric with eucalyptus leaves, since natural mordant has little effect on jute fabric during the process of dyeing. -
12.2% 116,000 125M Top 1% 154 4,100
We are IntechOpen, the world’s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 4,100 116,000 125M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our authors are among the 154 TOP 1% 12.2% Countries delivered to most cited scientists Contributors from top 500 universities Selection of our books indexed in the Book Citation Index in Web of Science™ Core Collection (BKCI) Interested in publishing with us? Contact [email protected] Numbers displayed above are based on latest data collected. For more information visit www.intechopen.com Chapter Dyeing Chemicals Shekh Md. Mamun Kabir and Joonseok Koh Abstract Dyeing auxiliaries play an important role in the determination of the final dye- ing quality. The formation of additional complexes with dyes and auxiliary agents enhances the exhaustion of dyes on textile substrates. For aqueous-based dyeing, dye auxiliaries such as chelating agents, dispersing agents, leveling agents, electro- lyte, pH control agents, and surfactants form complexes with the dye on natural and synthetic fibers. A growing awareness of the impact of industrial pollution on the environment became crucial for the dyeing industry in the closing decades of the twentieth century. These chapters discuss the characteristics of dyeing chemicals and how auxiliary substances can assist in achieving outstanding dyeing performance. Keywords: chelating agent, dispersing agent, leveling agent, electrolyte, pH control agent, surfactant, antifoaming agents 1. Introduction The textile dyeing industry is constantly increasing because of the growing con- sumption of fabrics and garments; moreover, till the next decade, a billion consumers will be added to the global market [1]. -
Engineering Branches
List of engineering branches Engineering is the discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost. In the contemporary era, engineering is generally considered to consist of the major primary branches of chemical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering.[1] There are numerous other engineering subdisciplines and interdisciplinary subjects that may or may not be part of these major engineering branches. Contents Chemical engineering Civil engineering Electrical engineering Mechanical engineering Interdisciplinary See also References Chemical engineering Chemical engineering is the application of chemical, physical and biological sciences to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms. Subdiscipline Scope Major specialties Genetic engineering (of whole genes and their chromosomes) Biomolecular Immunology and Focuses on the manufacturing ofbiomolecules . engineering biomolecular/biochemical engineering Engineering of DNA and RNA (related to genetic engineering) Metallurgical engineering, works with metals Ceramic engineering works with raw oxide materials (e.g. alumina oxide) and advanced materials that are polymorphic, polycrystalline, oxide and Materials Involves properties of matter (material) and its applications to non-oxide ceramics engineering engineering. -
Engineering in Textile Coloration 9780901956316 1983 C
Engineering in Textile Coloration 9780901956316 1983 C. Duckworth Dyers Company Publications Trust, 1983 Engineering in Textile Coloration Intro To Chem Engg Introduction to Pharmacuetical Engineering Process Technology Equipment and Systems HEAT TRANSFER Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing machinery Process Equipment Procurement in the Chemical and Related Industries Mechanical-electrical equipment handbook for school buildings Batchwise Dyeing of Woven Cellulosic Fabrics Textile Dyeing Technician career guide paves long pathway to grasp the career job of interest by merely knowing the job profile details, kind of work operations, type of work procedures and so on. They combine chemical recipe for dyeing synthetic and natural textiles. Being a textile dyeing technician, your job would include: figuring out correct temperature and dyeing technique for fabric. creating a sample of dye and testing to ensure that it generates correct results. choosing chemical-dye formula which will make correct color. making a ultimate formula to use within manufacturing procedure. suggesting some special treatments/finishes to be employed after dyeing-procedure. You'd maintain records of dye's chemical-recipe, so you can utilize again to obtain equivalent results Dyeing: Coloration ⓠTheories of coloration / dyeing ⓠFactors that affect Dyeing Mechanism of dyeing ⓠMechanism used for dyeing ⓠClassification of dyes ⓠDyeing of Natural fibres using direct. acid. jute etc. sulphur. Knitting: Weft Basic stitches ⓠJersey ⓠRid ⓠPurl ⓠInterlock ⓠWarp Basci Stitches ⓠPillar ⓠAtlas ⓠTricot ⓠStudy of circular weft knitting machines ⓠAdvantages of positive feed ⓠStudy of warp knitting machines ⓠTricot and Raschel. -
Clean Trends in Textile Wet Processing Dalia F
Science ile & Ibrahim, J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5 xt e E T n f g i DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000e106 o n l e a e n r r i n u Journal of Textile Science & Engineering g o J ISSN: 2165-8064 Editorial OpenOpen Access Access Clean Trends in Textile Wet Processing Dalia F. Ibrahim* Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt Textile industries are facing a challenging condition in the field of quality and productivity, due to the globalization of the world market. The highly competitive atmosphere and as the ecological parameters becoming more stringent, it becomes the prime concern of the textile processor to be conscious about quality and ecology. Again the guidelines for the textile processing industries by the pollution control boards create concern over the environment-friendliness of the processes, making it essential for innovations and changes in the processes [1]. Textile wet processing, is consider as a big and important sector in textile industry, with a wide range of procedures, which affect the final product appearance and quality. Wet processing occurs at various stages in the creation of textiles, as shown in Figure 1. This is the most widely used wet processing flow-chart on the Figure 2 contemporary textile industry. As textile industry is searching for innovative production techniques to improve the product quality, liquids and gaseous media. With reference to the properties of human as well as society requires new finishing techniques working in ear, high frequency inaudible oscillations are ultrasonic or supersonic. environmental respect [2]. In other words, while the normal range of human hearing is in between 16 Hz and 16 kHz, ultrasonic frequencies lie between 20 kHz and 500 Through this review article, we focus on the most innovated trends MHz. -
Life Cycle Assessment of the Neutralization Process in a Textile WWTP
Erciyes Üniversitesi Erciyes University Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Journal of Institue Of Science and Technology Cilt 36, Sayı 3 , 2020 Volume 36, Issue 3, 2020 Life Cycle Assessment of the Neutralization Process in a Textile WWTP Fatma Şener Fidan *1, Emel Kızılkaya Aydoğan 1, Niğmet Uzal 2 *1 Erciyes University Engineering Faculty Department of Industrial Engineering, KAYSERI 2 Abdullah Gul University, Engineering Faculty Department of Civil Engineering, KAYSERI (Alınış / Received: 29.01.2020, Kabul / Accepted: 05.12.2020, Online Yayınlanma / Published Online: 31.12.2020) Keywords Abstract: Although industrial wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) have become Life Cycle Assessment, an important part of textile facilities in reducing environmental pollution Neutralization, problems, they also produce sludge and various emissions such as high chemical Sustainability, oxygen demand, color and conductivity which have serious negative impacts on Textile Industry, the environment. One of the processes with enormous chemical consumption in Wastewater treatment, industrial WWTP of textile facilities is the neutralization process, which aims to adjust the pH of the wastewater. Neutralization processes needed to be optimized in order to determine its overall environmental impacts and then identify the most environmentally appropriate options. The aim of this study is to compare the environmental impacts of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid, which are two alternative chemicals used in the neutralization process of textile facilities, using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The environmental impacts resulting from the use of these two chemicals proposed according to the Reference document on Best Available Techniques (BREF) Document for Textile Industry were revealed by the CML-IA method and the gate-to-gate method. -
Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Activity of Four Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants Used As Antimicrobial Finishes on Cotton Fabric
ISSN: 2641-192X DOI: 10.33552/JTSFT.2021.08.000686 Journal of Textile Science & Fashion Technology Research Article Copyright © All rights are reserved by Md. Ashraf Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Activity of Four Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants Used as Antimicrobial Finishes on Cotton Fabric Md. Ashraf1*, Md. Hadisur Rahman1 and Mustafijur Rahman2 1Department of Wet Process Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Bangladesh 2Department of Dyes and Chemicals Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Bangladesh *Corresponding author: Md. Ashraf, Department of Wet Process Engineering, Received Date: February 16, 2021 Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Published Date: May 12, 2021 Abstract Considering the post COVID19 pandemic situation, it can be assumed that using safer clothing will be a greatOcimum attraction tenuiflorum point (Basil), for consumers Mentha spicataacross the (Spearmint), world. In that Centella scenario, asiatica effective antimicrobial finishesAzadirachta that are readily indica available and cheap would contribute to the consumer demand of safer clothing. This study scrutinized the antimicrobial activity of bleached cotton fabric treated with extracts of (Indian pennywort) and (Neem) as antimicrobial finishes. The study aims at assessing the gramcomparative positive activity bacteria of fourStaphylococcus abovementioned aureus natural and gram-negative medicinal plants bacteria which Escherichia can be used coli as ecofriendly antimicrobial finishes for textiles. Bleached cotton fabric samples were treated with plant extractions following exhaust method and Ocimumthen evaluated tenuiflorum by using ASTM E2149-01 method against both E. coli and S. aureus . The resultsAzadirachta depicted indica that (Neem) all the hasfour comparatively samples showed the antimicrobial activity with moreE. coli than, its 95% antimicrobial reduction activity of micro-organisms. -
Influence of Natural and Artificial Mordants on the Dyeing Performance of Cotton Knit Fabric with Natural Dyes
IOSR Journal of Polymer and Textile Engineering (IOSR-JPTE) e-ISSN: 2348-019X, p-ISSN: 2348-0181, Volume 6, Issue 1 (Jan. - Feb. 2019), PP 01-06 www.iosrjournals.org Influence of Natural and Artificial Mordants on the Dyeing Performance of Cotton Knit Fabric with Natural Dyes Shuvo Brahma1*, Md. Rashedul Islam1, Salima Sultana Shimo2 and Rasheda Begum Dina1 1(Department of Wet Process Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka, Bangladesh) 2(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka, Bangladesh) Corresponding Author: Shuvo Brahma Abstract: This work aims on an effort to determine the effect of some natural and artificial mordants on various natural dyes for cotton fabric dyeing. As natural mordant Eucalyptus Bark, Arjun Bark and Khair was used on cotton knit fabric under the treatment of three natural dyes namely Marigold, Eucalyptus leaf and Henna. As artificial mordants, potash alum and tannic acid were used along with natural mordants for further improvement of color strength. The cotton knit fabrics were scoured & bleached before dyeing. Concentrations of mordants were varied. Color strength and wash fastness properties were evaluated to determine the best mordant for particular dyes. It was observed that both the color strength and wash fastness properties increased with the application of mordants especially artificial mordants. Keywords: Natural dye, Natural Mordant, Artificial Mordant, Color strength, Fastness Properties. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------