COLLECTED WORKS OF JOHN STUART MILL VOLUME XXXII The Collected Edition of the Works of John Stuart Mill has been planned and is being directed by an editorial committee appointed from the Faculty of Arts and Science of the University of Toronto, and from the University of Toronto Press. The primary aim of the edition is to present fully collated texts of those works which exist in a number of versions, both printed and manuscript, and to provide accurate texts of works previously unpublished or which have become relatively inaccessible. Editorial Committee J.M. ROBSON, General Editor HARALD BOHNE, J.C. CAIRNS, J.B. CONACHER, D.P. DRYER, MARION FILIPIUK, FRANCESS HALPENNY, SAMUEL HOLLANDER, R.F. MCRAE, IAN MONTAGNES, ANN P. ROBSON, F.E. SPARSHOTT Additional Letters of John Stuart Mill Edited by MARION FILIPIUK Senior Research Assistant, J.S. Mill Project, Universityof Toronto MICHAEL LAINE Associate Professor of English, Victoria College, University of Toronto and JOHN M. ROBSON University Professor and Professor of English, Victoria College, University of Toronto Introduction by MARION FILIPIUK UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS ROUTLEDGE © University of Toronto Press 1991 Toronto and Buffalo Printed in Canada _iSBN 0-8020-2768-7_ London: Routledge ISBN 0-415-06399-X @ Printed on acid-free paper Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Mill, John Stuart, 1806-1873. [Works] Collected works of John Stuart Mill Includes bibliographies and indexes. Partial contents: v. 32. Additional Letters / edited by Marion Filipluk, Michael Laine, and John M. Robson, ISBN 0-8020-3461-6 (v. 32). 1. --Collected works. 2. --Collected works. 3. --Collected works. I. Robson, John M., 1927- II. Title. BI602.A2 1963 192 C65-188-2 rev. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Mill, John Stuart, 1806-1873 Additional letters of John Stuart Mill. Introduction by Marion Filipiuk. (Collected works of John Stuart Mill. Vol. 32). I. Title II. Filipiuk, Marion III. Laine, Michael IV. Robson, John M. V. Series 826.8 ISBN 0-415-06399-X. This volume has been published with the assistance of a grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Contents INTRODUCTION,by Marion Filipiuk vii Additional Earlier Letters: 1824 to 1848 1 Additional Later Letters: 1849 to 1873 77 Undated Letters 239 APPENDICES Appendix A. Letters to Theodor Gomperz: Variant Readings 251 Appendix B. List of Form Letters at the India Office Library and Records 253 Appendix C. Additions and Corrections to the Check List of Mill's Indian Despatches in Volume XXX 255 Appendix D. List of Letters to Mill 256 Appendix E. Index of Correspondents 274 Appendix F. Index of Persons and Works Cited, with Variants and Notes 278 INDEX 321 Introduction MARION FILIPIUK EDITORS,both past and present, of Mill's correspondence have had to live with the certain knowledge that the task would remain incomplete. To the second volume of Earlier Letters, Professor Francis E. Mineka had to append three "Additional Letters" that had come to light after the volumes were in page proof.l At the conclusion of the fourth volume of Later Letters, he added another, much larger collection of recently discovered letters, one of which had, again, arrived too late to take its proper chronological place, even in the late additions. 2 We have been somewhat more fortunate with timing, in being able to add to this collection at the very last moment a newly arrived series of letters to M.E. Grant Duff. The ever impending problem of new acquisitions bears evidence to the continued flourishing state of Mill studies, and we cannot pretend to undue concern. Even before the manuscript of Volumes XIV-XVII was submitted to the publisher, a misplaced fragment of a letter was sent to John M. Robson, appropriately by Professor F.A. Hayek, the originator of the project to collect and publish Mill's correspondence. The fragment appeared first in the Mill News Letter, 3 and was added in its proper place in Volume XIV. Six letters from Mill to Sir William Molesworth also made their first appearance in the News Letter, 4and then were subsequently included in the Appendix to Later Letters. Since 1972 thirty-seven more letters have been edited for publication in the News Letter by friends of Mill and members of the Mill Project, and seven others have been published in the Mill Society Bulletin, Japan. As we continued to become aware of the existence of yet other letters, and were fairly certain that in the intervening years new material would have found its way into manuscript IEarlierLetters, ed. Francis E. Mineka, Collected Works [CW], XII-XII1 (Toronto: Universityof Toronto Press, 1963), XIII, 742-3. 2Later Letters, ed. Francis E. Mineka and Dwight N. Lindley, CW, XIV-XVII (Toronto: Universityof Toronto Press, 1972), XVII, 1954-2016. Additionallettersin the presentvolume will be referred to in the text by number, frequentlyin parentheses. 3SeeMill News Letter [MNL ] (Fall 1968), 29-30. 4WilliamE.S. Thomas and Francis E. Mineka, eds., "New Letters of J.S. Mill to Sir William Molesworth," MNL, VI (Fall 1970), 1-13. viii Introduction collections, we became convinced that we should initiate a new search and gather in all known correspondence as part of the Collected Works. Beginning in 1985, major public and university libraries and archives in the United Kingdom, the United States, and France, historical associations, relevant special collections, and selected libraries in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand were contacted about recent acquisitions or holdings possibly overlooked, with some pleasantly surprising results. We were informed of three Mill letters in an important collection of manuscripts recently left to the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York by Gordon N. Ray; and a set of eight letters exchanged between Mill and James Fitzjames Stephen was drawn to our attention by the Librarian at Cambridge University. In the course of locating the various drafts of Mill's despatches in,the India Office Library and Records for the publication of a finding list in Volume XXX of the Collected Works, Martin and Zawahir Moir found more than seventy letters and notes from Mill to his colleagues in the East India Company. Professor Shohken Mawatari undertook the task of checking the manuscript holdings in Japan, with resulting additions to this collection, and Professor Shigekazu Yamashita sent us copies of the letters to Theodor Gomperz, earlier believed lost, but now held at Kokugakuin University. Individual collectors, such as Professor Arnold Heertje, have also been extremely helpful and generous. From the files of Professor Mineka (which included those of Professor Hayek), graciously passed on to us in 1985, emerged other clues to previously unpublished material, such as entries from dealers' catalogues. Though most of these letters could no longer be traced, three have subsequently been located, in the Pierpont Morgan (Ray) collection and in Japan; some, no doubt, remain in private hands. In the files was also a series of typescripts of letters from Mill to Henry Cole made by Professor James McCrimmon from manuscripts in his possession in the early 1940s. Some, but not all, of these were printed in Volumes XII-XIII; the rest appear here for the first time. We believe that the McCrimmon manuscripts, apparently sent off for inclusion in the Mill-Taylor Collection at the London School of Economics, were probably victims of enemy action while in transit during the Second World War. A letter to Professor Mineka, indicating the existence of a manuscript fragment at Manchester College, Oxford, enabled us to obtain the ftrst part of Letter 1474A, to Mary Carpenter; and, much to our surprise, the remaining fragment appeared in the collection of the College of Law, Nihon University, Tokyo. In all, well over 300 letters have come to light over the past eighteen years, and now take their place in the Collected Works. The distribution by decade is generally similar to that in the previous volumes. Three have been added to the relatively meagre number that hitherto represented the correspondence of the 1820s, and forty-three to each of the decades of the 1830s and 1840s. There are fifty-eight new letters written in the 1850s, of which forty-four derive from the Introduction ix India Office Records. By far the greatest number, however, 129, belong to the decade of the 1860s, when Mill achieved the height of his fame; and thirty-three, in a roughly similar proportion, represent the first two-and-a-half years of the 1870s. They add appreciably to our knowledge of almost every stage of Mill's life. Particularly significant is the long letter to George and Hamet Grote (8.1), which describes many of the activities of Mill's circle in 1824-25, and three early letters to John Bowring (8.2, 8.3, and 31.1 ) that suggest the relations between him and the Mills may not have been quite so strained as has previously been believed. A letter of condolence to J.B. Say, on the death of Mme Say (29.1), reveals the deep respect and gratitude that Mill entertained for Say and his family, as well as the depth of his feelings on the suicide of his great friend Eyton Tooke. A response to questions by J.A. Blanqui (85.1), Say's pupil and successor, about the teaching and propagation of political economy in England in 1833, illustrates Mill's boundless good will and effort in accommodating and assisting French acquaint- ances. A letter to the Paris bookseller Paulin (177.01) also, however, demon- strates his signal lack of success in making the London and Westminster Review a real vehicle for the international exchange of ideas. The series of letters to Henry Cole, which is discussed in a separate section below, has greatly enriched the detail of the circumstances surrounding the transfer of the Review to him and William Hickson in 1840.