DRAFT Crane Creek Watershed Management Plan PREPARED FOR: Richland County Department of Public Works 400 Powell Road Columbia, South Carolina 29203
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
MARCH 2010 DRAFT Crane Creek Watershed Management Plan PREPARED FOR: Richland County Department of Public Works 400 Powell Road Columbia, South Carolina 29203 PREPARED BY: 8390 Main Street, 2nd Floor Ellicott City, MD 21043 www.cwp.org Crane Creek Watershed Management Plan Richland County, SC This page has intentionally been left blank. Center for Watershed Protection Page 2 of 192 Crane Creek Watershed Management Plan Richland County, SC TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................... 5 E.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 5 E.2 Watershed Objectives and Strategies ....................................................................... 6 E.4. Implementation Costs and Timeline........................................................................ 8 E.5 Pollutant load reductions .......................................................................................... 8 SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 14 1.1 Process for Developing the Watershed Management Plan ..................................... 14 1.2 U.S. EPA Watershed Planning “A-I Criteria” ........................................................ 16 1.3 Plan Organization.................................................................................................... 17 1.4 Caveats.................................................................................................................... 17 SECTION 2. WATERSHED OVERVIEW AND BASELINE CONDITIONS ........ 18 2.1 Watershed Overview............................................................................................... 18 2.2 Hydrology ............................................................................................................... 20 2.3 Water Quality.......................................................................................................... 21 2.4 Natural Resources ................................................................................................... 26 2.5 Community Features............................................................................................... 33 2.6 Land Cover.............................................................................................................. 37 2.7 Municipal Policies and Programs ........................................................................... 38 SECTION 3. WATERSHED ASSESSMENT PROTOCOLS, GENERAL FINDINGS, AND GREEN INFRASTUCTURE ANALYSIS..................................... 44 3.1 Introduction to the Watershed Assessments ........................................................... 44 3.2 Stormwater Retrofit Inventory................................................................................ 48 3.3 Unified Subwatershed and Site Reconnaissance .................................................... 53 3.3.1 Hotspot Investigations...................................................................................... 53 3.3.2 Neighborhood Source Assessment................................................................... 56 3.3.3 Erosion and Sedimentation Control Observations ........................................... 58 3.4 Unified Stream Assessment .................................................................................... 60 3.5 Conservation Area Assessment............................................................................... 65 3.5.1 Contiguous Forest Assessment ........................................................................ 65 3.5.2 Wetland Function Assessment ......................................................................... 68 3.6 Green Infrastructure Analysis ................................................................................. 70 SECTION 4. WATERSHED GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES ........... 75 4.1 Crane Creek Watershed Vision, Goals, and Objectives.......................................... 75 4.2 Watershed Strategies............................................................................................... 76 SECTION 5. RECOMMENDED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT ACTIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN............................................................................... 81 5.1 Recommended Actions for Achieving Watershed Strategies................................. 81 5.2 Implementation Planning and Costs ....................................................................... 92 5.3 Implementation Guidance and Resources............................................................... 99 Center for Watershed Protection Page 3 of 192 Crane Creek Watershed Management Plan Richland County, SC 5.4 Monitoring Plan .................................................................................................... 102 5.5 Project Tracking.................................................................................................... 103 5.6 Long-term Goals ................................................................................................... 103 SECTION 6. SUBWATERSHED MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ...................... 105 6.1 Beasley Creek Subwatershed................................................................................ 105 6.1.1. Subwatershed A ............................................................................................ 111 6.1.2. Subwatershed B............................................................................................. 115 6.1.3. Subwatershed C............................................................................................. 119 6.1.4. Subwatershed D ............................................................................................ 123 6.2 Upper Crane Creek Subwatershed ........................................................................ 126 6.2.1. Subwatershed E............................................................................................. 129 6.2.2. Subwatershed F............................................................................................. 135 6.2.3. Subwatershed G ............................................................................................ 141 6.2.4. Subwatershed H ............................................................................................ 146 6.3 Lower Crane Creek Subwatershed........................................................................ 152 6.3.1. Subwatershed I.............................................................................................. 156 6.3.2. Subwatershed J.............................................................................................. 162 6.3.3. Subwatershed K ............................................................................................ 165 6.3.4. Subwatershed L............................................................................................. 170 6.3.5. Subwatershed M............................................................................................ 176 SECTION 7. ESTIMATE OF POLLUTANT LOADS AND REDUCTION STRATEGIES ............................................................................................................... 181 7.1 Watershed Treatment Model................................................................................. 181 7.2 Existing Conditions and Load Reductions from Future Practices ........................ 182 7.3 Build-out Assessment ........................................................................................... 184 SECTION 8. REFERENCES....................................................................................... 190 ATTACHMENT A – Crane Creek Watershed Maps ATTACHMENT B – Crane Creek Subwatershed Maps ATTACHMENT C – Supplemental Information for Land Cover and Development and the Build-out Assessments ATTACHMENT D – Watershed Treatment Model ATTACHMENT E – Summary of Projects ATTACHMENT F – Ranking Metrics ATTACHMENT G – Green Infrastructure Analysis Methodology ATTACHMENT H – High Priority Retrofit Concepts ATTACHMENT I – Crane Creek Retrofit Profile Sheets ATTACHMENT J – Crane Creek Hotspot / Pollution Prevention Profile Sheets ATTACHMENT K – Richland County Post Construction Review Center for Watershed Protection Page 4 of 192 Crane Creek Watershed Management Plan Richland County, SC EXECUTIVE SUMMARY E.1 Introduction Located in the sandhills region of central South Carolina, the Crane Creek Watershed is approximately 67.5 square miles in size, encompassing portions of Richland County (County), the City of Columbia (City), and the Town of Blythewood (Town). The stream network includes the Crane Creek main stem and several major tributaries: Beasley Creek, North Branch Crane Creek, and Roberts Branch. The watershed is largely forested, but facing encroaching development from neighboring jurisdictions. Currently, 33% of the watershed is considered urbanized. Crane Creek is impaired for aquatic life and recreation, due to low levels of dissolved oxygen and benthic macroinvertebrates, and high levels of fecal coliform (SCDHEC, 2008). Past impairments were caused by elevated levels of copper and zinc. The entire Crane Creek Watershed is included in the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) that was developed for Lower Broad River (SCDHEC, 2005). According to the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC), the probable sources of fecal coliform in the watershed are stormwater runoff from municipal separate storm