DOCSLIB.ORG

Molecular Diversity of Bacteria from a Municipal Dumpsite: Implications to Public Health

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Molecular Diversity of Bacteria from a Municipal Dumpsite: Implications to Public Health The Nelson Mandela AFrican Institution of Science and Technology NM-AIST Repository https://dspace.mm-aist.ac.tz Computational and Communication Science Engineering PhD Theses and Dissertations [CoCSE] 2016 Molecular Diversity of Bacteria from a Municipal Dumpsite: Implications to Public Health Mwaikono, Kilaza Samson The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology http://dspace.nm-aist.ac.tz/handle/123456789/56 Provided with love from The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF BACTERIA FROM A MUNICIPAL DUMPSITE: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH Kilaza Samson Mwaikono A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Life Sciences and Bioengineering of the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology Arusha, Tanzania April, 2016 MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF BACTERIA FROM A MUNICIPAL DUMPSITE: IMPLICATIONS TO PUBLIC HEALTH Kilaza Samson Mwaikono A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Life Sciences and Bioengineering of the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology Arusha, Tanzania April, 2016 ABSTRACT Despite known risks of inappropriate disposal of solid wastes; most cities in developing countries dispose waste in open dumpsite where humans, animals and microbes interact. This study was done in Arusha municipal dumpsite, Tanzania to investigate the abundance and diversity of bacteria, compare the faecal microbiota of pigs scavenging on dumpsite and indoor reared pigs, and also determine the resistance profile of enteric bacteria from the dumpsite. Domestic wastes, solid biomedical wastes, sludge from the river near the dumpsite and faecal materials of pigs were sampled. Total DNA was extracted and the variable region four (v4) of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using high throughput Illumina MiSeq platform. The quality control of sequences and the statistical analyses was performed using Mothur platform. A total of 8,469,294 quality sequences were generated. The mean of bacterial species per sample was 8,243. Diversity was high with an average InvSimpson index of 44.2. Thirty-five bacterial phyla dominated by Firmicutes (38%), Proteobacteria (35%), Bacteroidetes (13%) and Actinobacteria (3%) were found. Overall, 76,862 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) dominated by Acinetobacter (12.1%), Clostridium sensu stricto (4.8%), Proteinclasticum and Lactobacillus (each 3.4%), Enterococcus (2.9%) and Escherichia/Shigella (1.7%) were revealed. There was a significant difference in faecal microbiota between scavenging and indoor reared pigs. Pathogenic genera like Brucella, Rickettsia and Listeria were exclusive to scavenging pigs. In solid biomedical waste, 36.2% of OTUs were related to dehalogenation, 11.6% degraders of aromatic hydrocarbons, 8.5% chlorophenol degradation and Atrazine metabolism 8.3%, and bacteria related to pathogens were 34%. Escherichia/ Shigella, Bacilli and Proteiniclasticum were predominant enteric bacteria. Some bacteria in scavenging pigs had 99% sequence similarity to pathogenic Escherichia furgosonii, Shigella sonnei, Enterococcus faecium and Escherichia coli O154:H4. Over 50% of the isolates were multidrug resistant. The study provides a comprehensive report on diversity of bacteria in Arusha municipal dumpsite. The high species richness shows the complexity of this man-made ecosystem, and calls for further research to assess for a link between human diseases and the dumpsite. This would provide insight into proper disposal of the waste, as well as, limit the risks to human health associated with the dumpsites. i DECLARATION I, Kilaza Samson Mwaikono do hereby declare to the Senate of the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology that this dissertation is my own original work and that it has neither been submitted nor being concurrently submitted for degree award in any other institution. Kilaza Samson Mwaikono Name and signature of candidate Date The above declaration is confirmed Prof. Paul S Gwakisa Name and signature of supervisor Date ii COPYRIGHT This dissertation is copyright material protected under the Berne Convention, the Copyright Act of 1999 and other international and national enactments, in that behalf, on intellectual property. It must not be reproduced by any means, in full or in part, except for short extracts in fair dealing; for researcher private study, critical scholarly review or discourse with an acknowledgement, without a written permission of the Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic, Research and Innovation, on behalf of both the author and the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would sincerely like to thank my supervisor, Professor Paul Gwakisa for his patience and wealth of knowledge for the entire period of this study. Countless hours have been spent by him critically reviewing this dissertation in its many stages, for which I am grateful. I would like to express my gratitude to Professor Vivek Kapur from Penn State University for his input and advice into the data analyses and linking me to bioinformatics experts at Penn State University. Both of them paved my way into the world of molecular biology. I humbly acknowledge the government of the United Republic Tanzania through COSTECH and The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Sciences and Technology for sponsoring my PhD studies including this research work, without which this would not have happened. I am very thankful to the African Biosciences Challenge Fund (ABCF) for offering me a six month research fellowship to access state of the art facilities at the BecA-ILRI hub Nairobi, Kenya, The fellowship made possible to execute part of this work. I also appreciate Dr. Robert Skilton from the same institute, for his logistic guidance, Prof. Morris Agaba for his advice into molecular techniques used in this work, Mr. Solomon Maina as my assistant researcher. It was a great time to work with them and I thank them for their advice and their friendship. I also acknowledge Mr Edson Rugaimukamu from the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology of Sokoine University Agriculture (SUA) for his assistance in biochemical identification of bacterial isolates. Thanks to the Genome Science Centre at SUA for offering me a spacious room right from the designing stage of this research to the final write-up. I acknowledge my employer, Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology for giving me time to pursue PhD studies. I am indebted to my wife, Edith and our children and my parents for their unwavering support and patience. You may not have “understood” what I have been going through, but your encouragement has been priceless. Lastly but not the least, I acknowledge my almighty GOD for taking me through. iv DEDICATION To my family Edith R. Silayo, Sam, Mengo, Sabhogo and Blessing For patience endured when I was away for this business v TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... i DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................ ii DEDICATION ................................................................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.0. Background and literature review .................................................................................... 1 1.1 Global overview of municipal solid waste generation and management ......................... 1 1.2. Study of bacteria of public health importance from the environment.............................. 4 1.2.1. Conventional approaches to study bacteria............................................................... 4 1.2.2. Application of metagenomics to study bacteria ........................................................ 4 1.3. Study justification ............................................................................................................ 5 1.4. Research question ............................................................................................................. 5 1.5. Research Objectives ......................................................................................................... 5 1.6. Significance of the study .................................................................................................. 5 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................ 6 High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene reveals substantial bacterial diversity in Arusha municipal dumpsite ........................................................................................................ 6 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.2. Materials and methods ....................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Metaproteogenomic Insights Beyond Bacterial Response to Naphthalene
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE ISME Journal – Original article Metaproteogenomic insights beyond bacterial response to 5 naphthalene exposure and bio-stimulation María-Eugenia Guazzaroni, Florian-Alexander Herbst, Iván Lores, Javier Tamames, Ana Isabel Peláez, Nieves López-Cortés, María Alcaide, Mercedes V. del Pozo, José María Vieites, Martin von Bergen, José Luis R. Gallego, Rafael Bargiela, Arantxa López-López, Dietmar H. Pieper, Ramón Rosselló-Móra, Jesús Sánchez, Jana Seifert and Manuel Ferrer 10 Supporting Online Material includes Text (Supporting Materials and Methods) Tables S1 to S9 Figures S1 to S7 1 SUPPORTING TEXT Supporting Materials and Methods Soil characterisation Soil pH was measured in a suspension of soil and water (1:2.5) with a glass electrode, and 5 electrical conductivity was measured in the same extract (diluted 1:5). Primary soil characteristics were determined using standard techniques, such as dichromate oxidation (organic matter content), the Kjeldahl method (nitrogen content), the Olsen method (phosphorus content) and a Bernard calcimeter (carbonate content). The Bouyoucos Densimetry method was used to establish textural data. Exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K and 10 Na) extracted with 1 M NH 4Cl and exchangeable aluminium extracted with 1 M KCl were determined using atomic absorption/emission spectrophotometry with an AA200 PerkinElmer analyser. The effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) was calculated as the sum of the values of the last two measurements (sum of the exchangeable cations and the exchangeable Al). Analyses were performed immediately after sampling. 15 Hydrocarbon analysis Extraction (5 g of sample N and Nbs) was performed with dichloromethane:acetone (1:1) using a Soxtherm extraction apparatus (Gerhardt GmbH & Co.
    [Show full text]
  • Halophilic Bacteroidetes As an Example on How Their Genomes Interact with the Environment
    DOCTORAL THESIS 2020 PHYLOGENOMICS OF BACTEROIDETES; HALOPHILIC BACTEROIDETES AS AN EXAMPLE ON HOW THEIR GENOMES INTERACT WITH THE ENVIRONMENT Raúl Muñoz Jiménez DOCTORAL THESIS 2020 Doctoral Programme of Environmental and Biomedical Microbiology PHYLOGENOMICS OF BACTEROIDETES; HALOPHILIC BACTEROIDETES AS AN EXAMPLE ON HOW THEIR GENOMES INTERACT WITH THE ENVIRONMENT Raúl Muñoz Jiménez Thesis Supervisor: Ramon Rosselló Móra Thesis Supervisor: Rudolf Amann Thesis tutor: Elena I. García-Valdés Pukkits Doctor by the Universitat de les Illes Balears Publications resulted from this thesis Munoz, R., Rosselló-Móra, R., & Amann, R. (2016). Revised phylogeny of Bacteroidetes and proposal of sixteen new taxa and two new combinations including Rhodothermaeota phyl. nov. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 39(5), 281–296 Munoz, R., Rosselló-Móra, R., & Amann, R. (2016). Corrigendum to “Revised phylogeny of Bacteroidetes and proposal of sixteen new taxa and two new combinations including Rhodothermaeota phyl. nov.” [Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 39 (5) (2016) 281–296]. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 39, 491–492. Munoz, R., Amann, R., & Rosselló-Móra, R. (2019). Ancestry and adaptive radiation of Bacteroidetes as assessed by comparative genomics. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 43(2), 126065. Dr. Ramon Rosselló Móra, of the Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats, Esporles and Dr. Rudolf Amann, of the Max-Planck-Institute für Marine Mikrobiologie, Bremen WE DECLARE: That the thesis titled Phylogenomics of Bacteroidetes; halophilic Bacteroidetes as an example on how their genomes interact with the environment, presented by Raúl Muñoz Jiménez to obtain a doctoral degree, has been completed under our supervision and meets the requirements to opt for an International Doctorate. For all intents and purposes, we hereby sign this document.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Compartment and Genetic Variation Drive Microbiome Composition in Switchgrass Roots
    Environmental Microbiology Reports (2019) 11(2), 185–195 doi:10.1111/1758-2229.12727 Plant compartment and genetic variation drive microbiome composition in switchgrass roots Esther Singer, 1* Jason Bonnette,2 3 1 Shawn C. Kenaley, Tanja Woyke and Introduction Thomas E. Juenger2* 1Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Terrestrial plants are colonized by diverse communities of Creek, CA, USA. microorganisms that can differentially affect plant health 2Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas and growth (Yeoh et al., 2017; Naylor and Coleman-Derr, Austin, Austin, TX, USA. 2018). The result of the interactions between plants and 3School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, their microbiota can be regarded as an extended plant Ithaca, NY, USA. phenotype (Price et al., 2010; Vorholt, 2012; Wagner et al., 2016; Müller et al., 2016). Understanding plant- microbe interactions is motivated by the potential to predict Summary and prevent plant disease, increase crop yield and corre- Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a promising bio- late specific phenotypes to either environmental stimuli, fuel crop native to the United States with genotypes microbial activity, plant physiology or a combination that are adapted to a wide range of distinct ecosys- thereof. For example, microbes have been shown to tems. Various plants have been shown to undergo increase resource uptake and provide novel nutritional and symbioses with plant growth-promoting bacteria and defence pathways thereby contributing to plant health fungi, however, plant-associated microbial communi- (Berg, 2014; Wang et al., 2016). Plant-microbiome interac- ties of switchgrass have not been extensively studied tions appear to be cultivar-dependent, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Olivibacter Sitiensis AW-6T Biofilter Clean-Up Facility in a Hydrocarbon- Quently Occurring Genera Were in Order Contaminated Site [3] and O
    Standards in Genomic Sciences (2014) 9: 783-793 DOI:10.4056/sigs.5088950 High quality draft genome sequence of Olivibacter siti- ensis type strain (AW-6T), a diphenol degrader with genes involved in the catechol pathway Spyridon Ntougias1, Alla Lapidus2, James Han2, Konstantinos Mavromatis2, Amrita Pati2, Amy Chen3, Hans-Peter Klenk4, Tanja Woyke2, Constantinos Fasseas5, Nikos C. Kyrpides2,6, Georgios I. Zervakis7,* 1Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Xanthi, Greece 2Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Genome Biology Program, Walnut Creek, CA, USA 3Biological Data Management and Technology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Labora- tory, Berkeley, California, USA 4Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany 5Agricultural University of Athens, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Athens, Greece 6 King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 7Agricultural University of Athens, Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Athens, Greece *Correspondence: Georgios I. Zervakis ([email protected]) Keywords: alkaline two-phase olive mill waste, Bacteroidetes, Sphingobacteriaceae, hemicel- lulose degradation, β-1,4-xylanase, β-1,4-xylosidase Olivibacter sitiensis Ntougias et al. 2007 is a member of the family Sphingobacteriaceae, phy- lum Bacteroidetes. Members of the genus Olivibacter are phylogenetically diverse and of sig- nificant interest. They occur in diverse habitats,
    [Show full text]
  • Characterizing of Microbe Populations on Hydrocarbon Contaminated Sites
    SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY Ph.D. THESIS Characterizing of microbe populations on hydrocarbon contaminated sites Szabó István Gödöllı 2011 Ph. D. school Name: Ph.D. School of Environmental Sciences Discipline: Environmental Sciences Leader: Dr. György Heltai, D.Sc. professor and head of department Szent István University, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Institute of Environmental Sciences Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Supervisor: Dr. Sándor Szoboszlay, Ph.D. associate professor Szent István University, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Institute of Environmental and Landscape Management Department of Environmental Protection and Environmental Safety ........................................................... ........................................................... Approval of School Leader Approval of Supervisor 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents....................................................................................................................3 1. Background.....................................................................................................................4 2. Aims and scopes .............................................................................................................5 3. Materials and methods....................................................................................................6 3.1. Biological and geochemical monitoring.....................................................................6 3.1.1. Sites and sampling..............................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • Structural and Functional Diversity of the Diazotrophic Community in Xeric Ecosystems: Response to Nitrogen Availability
    UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO BIOLOGIA VEGETAL Structural and functional diversity of the diazotrophic community in xeric ecosystems: response to nitrogen availability Carolina Cristiano de Almeida Mestrado em Microbiologia Aplicada Dissertação orientada por: Prof. Cristina Maria Nobre Sobral de Vilhena da Cruz Houghton Prof. Rogério Paulo de Andrade Tenreiro 2019 This Dissertation was fully performed at Plant Soil Ecology at cE3c under the direct co-supervision of Prof. Cristina Maria Nobre Sobral de Vilhena da Cruz Houghton Professor Rogério Paulo de Andrade Tenreiro was the internal supervisor designated in the scope of the Master in Applied Microbiology of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation arose from the collaboration between the Plant Soil Ecology group at cE3c and the Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology at BioISI. This work would not be possible without the assistance and commitment of the individuals involved. First, I would like to express my greatest gratefulness to Professor Cristina Cruz, for the opportunity that was given to me. Thank you for the knowledge shared and for always having an enthusiastic perspective which is contagious. To Professor Rogério Tenreiro, thank you for welcoming me, for always pushing me to see further and for helping me to build more critical thinking. Thank you for all the knowledge shared with me, and for the ideas that help my work to go beyond what I thought was possible. I would also like to thank all members of the PSE group for their contribution, especially to Teresa Dias who has made possible this work with the samples used as well as every soil characteristic.
    [Show full text]
  • Type of the Paper (Article
    molecules Article Novel Glycerophospholipid, Lipo- and N-acyl Amino Acids from Bacteroidetes: Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Bioactivity Mona-Katharina Bill 1,†, Stephan Brinkmann 1,† , Markus Oberpaul 1 , Maria A. Patras 1, Benedikt Leis 1, Michael Marner 1 , Marc-Philippe Maitre 2, Peter E. Hammann 3,4, Andreas Vilcinskas 1,5 , Sören M. M. Schuler 4,* and Till F. Schäberle 1,5,* 1 Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, 35392 Giessen, Germany; [email protected] (M.-K.B.); [email protected] (S.B.); [email protected] (M.O.); [email protected] (M.A.P.); [email protected] (B.L.); [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (A.V.) 2 Sanofi Pasteur, R&D, 69280 Marcy L’Etoile, France; MarcPhilippe.Maitre@sanofi.com 3 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; [email protected] 4 Evotec International GmbH, 37079 Göttingen, Germany 5 Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.M.M.S.); [email protected] (T.F.S.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: The ‘core’ metabolome of the Bacteroidetes genus Chitinophaga was recently discovered to consist of only seven metabolites. A structural relationship in terms of shared lipid moieties Citation: Bill, M.-K.; Brinkmann, S.; among four of them was postulated. Here, structure elucidation and characterization via ultra-high Oberpaul, M.; Patras, M.A.; Leis, B.; resolution mass spectrometry (UHR-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of Marner, M.; Maitre, M.-P.; Hammann, P.E.; Vilcinskas, A.; Schuler, S.M.M.; those four lipids (two lipoamino acids (LAAs), two lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs)), as well et al.
    [Show full text]
  • High Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Olivibacter Sitiensis Type Strain (AW-6(T)), a Diphenol Degrader with Genes Involved in the Catechol Pathway
    Ntougias S, Lapidus A, Han J, Mavromatis K, Pati A, Chen A, Klenk HP, Woyke T, Fasseas C, Kyrpides NC, Zervakis G. High quality draft genome sequence of Olivibacter sitiensis type strain (AW-6(T)), a diphenol degrader with genes involved in the catechol pathway. Standards in genomic sciences 2014, 9(3), 783-793. Copyright: ©BioMed Central. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License DOI link to article: http://dx.doi.org/10.4056/sigs.5088950 Date deposited: 20/03/2015 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License Newcastle University ePrints - eprint.ncl.ac.uk Standards in Genomic Sciences (2014) 9: 783-793 DOI:10.4056/sigs.5088950 High quality draft genome sequence of Olivibacter siti- ensis type strain (AW-6T), a diphenol degrader with genes involved in the catechol pathway Spyridon Ntougias1, Alla Lapidus2, James Han2, Konstantinos Mavromatis2, Amrita Pati2, Amy Chen3, Hans-Peter Klenk4, Tanja Woyke2, Constantinos Fasseas5, Nikos C. Kyrpides2,6, Georgios I. Zervakis7,* 1Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Xanthi, Greece 2Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Genome Biology Program, Walnut Creek, CA, USA 3Biological Data Management and Technology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Labora- tory, Berkeley, California, USA 4Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany 5Agricultural University of Athens, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Athens, Greece 6 King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 7Agricultural University of Athens, Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Athens, Greece *Correspondence: Georgios I. Zervakis ([email protected]) Keywords: alkaline two-phase olive mill waste, Bacteroidetes, Sphingobacteriaceae, hemicel- lulose degradation, β-1,4-xylanase, β-1,4-xylosidase Olivibacter sitiensis Ntougias et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Qualitative Analysis of the Vaginal Microbiota of Healthy Cattle and Cattle with Genital-Tract Disease
    Qualitative analysis of the vaginal microbiota of healthy cattle and cattle with genital-tract disease N.F. Rodrigues1, J. Kästle1, T.J.D. Coutinho1, A.T. Amorim2,3, G.B. Campos2,3, V.M. Santos2,3, L.M. Marques2,3, J. Timenetsky2 and S.T. de Farias1 1Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil 2Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil 3Núcleo de Tecnologia em Saúde, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil Corresponding authors: N.F. Rodrigues / S.T. de Farias E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 14 (2): 6518-6528 (2015) Received June 27, 2014 Accepted November 21, 2014 Published June 12, 2015 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.June.12.4 ABSTRACT. The microbial community of the reproductive appara- tus, when known, can provide information about the health of the host. Metagenomics has been used to characterize and obtain genetic infor- mation about microbial communities in various environments and can relate certain diseases with changes in this community composition. In this study, samples of vaginal surface mucosal secretions were col- lected from five healthy cows and five cows that showed symptoms of reproductive disorders. Following high-throughput sequencing of the isolated microbial DNA, data were processed using the Mothur soft- ware to remove low-quality sequences and chimeras, and released to the Ribosomal Database Project for classification of operational taxo- nomic units (OTUs).
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of Bacterial Diversity During Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste (Â
    Bioresource Technology 224 (2017) 101–111 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Bioresource Technology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biortech Evolution of bacterial diversity during two-phase olive mill waste (‘‘alperujo”) composting by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing ⇑ Germán Tortosa , Antonio Castellano-Hinojosa, David Correa-Galeote, Eulogio J. Bedmar Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Agencia Estatal CSIC, E-419, 18080-Granada, Spain highlights graphical abstract Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the main phyla detected. Mesophilic and thermophilic phases did not affect bacterial population. Maturation increased bacterial diversity, especially due to new bacterial population were detected. Planomicrobium and Ohtaekwangia are proposed as biomarkers of AL composting maturation. article info abstract Article history: Microorganisms are the main contributing factor responsible for organic matter degradation during com- Received 2 October 2016 posting. In this research, the 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to elucidate evolution of Received in revised form 22 November 2016 bacterial diversity during mesophilic, thermophilic and maturation composting stages of the two-phase Accepted 23 November 2016 olive mill waste (‘‘alperujo”), the main by-product of the Spanish olive oil industry. Two similar piles Available online 29 November 2016 were performance composting AL with sheep manure as bulking agent. Actinobacteria,
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Material
    10.1071/CP20145_AC CSIRO 2020 Crop & Pasture Science 71 (11 & 12), 1050–1066. Supplementary Material Effect of Epichloë gansuensis endophyte on rhizosphere bacterial communities, nutrients and stoichiometry of Achnatherum inebrians at three growth seasons Wenpeng HouA, Chao XiaA, Michael J. ChristensenB, Jianfeng WangA,D, Xiuzhang LiA, C, Tao ChenA and Zhibiao NanA AState Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems Lanzhou University; Center for Grassland Microbiome; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs); Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry (Ministry of Education); College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology; Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. BRetired from AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. CState Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China. DCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Table S1. Taxonomic affiliation of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from rhizosphere soil at the different growth stage of E+ and E−A. inebrians. Phylum Class Order Family Genus Actinobacteria Actinobacteria actinomycetales Micrococcaceae Paenarthrobacter Microbacteriaceae Microbacterium Streptomycetales Streptomycetaceae Streptomyces Alphaproteobacteria Rhizobiales Rhizobiaceae Rhizobium Proteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Enterobacteriales Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacter May (E+) Pseudomonadales Pseudomonadaceae
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamics of Bacterial Populations During Bench‐Scale Bioremediation of Oily Seawater and Desert Soil Bioaugmented
    bs_bs_banner Dynamics of bacterial populations during bench-scale bioremediation of oily seawater and desert soil bioaugmented with coastal microbial mats Nidaa Ali, Narjes Dashti, Samar Salamah, Naser possible oil concentration as one lot in the beginning Sorkhoh, Husain Al-Awadhi and Samir Radwan* of bioremediation, addition of vitamins, and slowing Microbiology Program, Department of Biological down the seawater flow rate. Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait. Introduction Summary Remediation of sites contaminated with xenobiotic com- pounds is achieved by physical and chemical methods, This study describes a bench-scale attempt to e.g. land filling and incineration (Kuiper et al., 2004). bioremediate Kuwaiti, oily water and soil samples However, the physical removal of pollutants from all con- through bioaugmentation with coastal microbial mats taminated sites on earth is obviously very costly rich in hydrocarbonoclastic bacterioflora. Seawater (Rosenberg, 1993). In addition, incineration is associated and desert soil samples were artificially polluted with with air pollution, and land filling frequently leads to 1% weathered oil, and bioaugmented with microbial leachates in the form of gases and liquids which can mat suspensions. Oil removal and microbial commu- pollute the ground water (Kuiper et al., 2004). The much nity dynamics were monitored. In batch cultures, oil more cost-effective and more environmentally friendly removal was more effective in soil than in seawater. technology of bioremediation implies the use of microbial Hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria associated with mat activities in pollutant biodegradation (Atlas and samples colonized soil more readily than seawater. Pramer, 1990). It comprises two major practices. The predominant oil degrading bacterium in seawater ‘Bioaugmentation’ (inoculation or seeding), which implies batches was the autochthonous seawater species the introduction of suitable oil-degrading microorganisms Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus.
    [Show full text]