Anthropogenic Impact on Behavior of Nutrients and Potentially Toxic

Home , Kolomna, Lytkarino, Lyubertsy, Moskva (river), Mozhaysk, Yauza (river)

Anthropogenic impact on behavior of nutrients and potentially toxic elements in the Moskva River water Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, Russian Federation Galina Shinkareva, Oxana Erina, Maria Tereshina, Dmitriy Sokolov, and Mikhail Lychagin [email protected] PTEs dissolved Mo, mkg/L 1000 Kc August 2019 March 2020

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0.1 W Cs Ni Cd Rb Al Sr Fe Cu Sb B Li Mo As V Co Be Ti Y Cr Pb Nb U Ba Mn Zn Bi Th • At average background PTEs concentrations in Moskva River have been lower than world average (Gaillardet et al., 2003, doi:10.1016/B0-08-043751-6/05165-3). The exceptions have been found for B, Zn, Nb Sb (Kc) (1,5 – 20-fold excess over world average). • Only basin average W, Cs, Ni, Cd, Rb, and Al concentrations exceeded the Moskva background values (4–42- fold). • The most polluted river part have been revealed – from Kuryanovsk aeration station to the Moskva River confluence with Oka River. During low water period high concentrations of Cs, Sb, Mo, Ni have been common there, and during high water in spring high concentrations of Cs, Mo, Co, Ni have been detected. • Downstream of Lytkarino aeration station high concentrations of Sr have been measured. Nutruents August

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• As a result of the urban wastewater influx downstream Moscow city, the total mineralization of water increased, the content of the main ions changed to the predominance of sulfates and chlorides, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus increased sharply (mainly due to dissolved mineral forms). March 2020 • The tributaries flowing near the city of Moscow can be characterized by several times higher content of nutrients and a more significant degree of pollution than the river Moscow at their confluence. • The excess of maximum permissible levels for phosphates is observed everywhere downstream of Moscow city, for nitrite nitrogen - starting from the upper outskirts of the city, for ammonium and nitrate nitrogen - only in the sampling point downstream of the Lyubertsy aeration station. 1 Mozhaysk Zvenigorod Moskva Zhukovsky Voskresensk Kolomna https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12864 Anthropogenic impact on behavior of nutrients and potentially toxic elements in the Moskva River water Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, Russian Federation Galina Shinkareva, Oxana Erina, Maria Tereshina, Dmitriy Sokolov, and Mikhail Lychagin [email protected] Turbidity, mg/L PTEs suspended 100 August 2019 March 2020 Kc

0.1 Bi W Be Pb Co Cd Al U V B Sb Li Y Ni Cs Th Nb Ba Cr Cu Sr Fe Rb Zn Ti Mn As Mo

Pb (Kc)

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• The background suspended PTEs concentrations in Moskva River only slightly exceeded the average concentrations in the suspended sediment of the world rivers (Viers et al., 2009. doi 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053), especially for Mn, Mo, Ni, Cr, Fe, Zn, Sr, Ba, As, and Li during low-water period in August 2019.

• Suspended matter of the Moskva River is, on average, enriched in Bi and W (Kc 2.7–7.7) compared to the background concentrations, and also in Rb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb (Kc 1.8-2.9) during spring flood. 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12864 Anthropogenic impact on behavior of nutrients and potentially toxic elements in the Moskva River water Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, Russian Federation Galina Shinkareva, Oxana Erina, Maria Tereshina, Dmitriy Sokolov, and Mikhail Lychagin [email protected] Water quality • Suspended sediments of the Moskva River and its tributaries are generally not contaminated with PTEs (low level of Zc, dissolved PTEs technogenic pollution and non-hazardous environmental situation). In the low-water period the maximum values of Total contamination factor Zc, (a high level of technogenic pollution) have been revealed for the sampling stations at the Lyubertsy treatment facilities (Zc = 80) and the mouth of the river Chachenka (Zc = 70). • The average level of pollution and moderately hazardous ecological situation have been typical for the mouth of the river Pekhorka (Zc = 50), sampling stations downstream of Kurianovsk treatment facilities and downstream Moscow city source mouth near the Moscow Ring Road (Zc = 38.2 and 38.9, respectively). Zc, suspended PTEs • During spring flood, on average, the Zc values have been slightly higher than in the low-water period. The highest Zc values belonged only to the category with average technogenic pollution and moderately hazardous ecological situation. These are river parts within the Moscow city around the Kuryanovsk treatment facilities (Zc = 38 – 47); downstream of Moscow city and the Lytkarino treatment facilities (Zc = 35 – 41). • For river water highest Zc level have been found near Kuryanovsk treatment facility. CCME WQI CCME WQI CCME Water Quality Index

• River water quality in the Moskva Basin deteriorates from upstream part to the downstream no matter which guidelines to use for CCME WQI calculation. However at most sampling points water quality falls into the excellent (58.5% – 72.3% of points depending on the guidelines used for comparison) and good (27.7% – 46.1%) categories. • The worst water quality corresponding to the marginal category (CCME WQI range 45–64) have been detected (at 18.5% points) only if maximum permissible levels for fishery have been used as a water quality objectives. Regions with marginal water quality included swamped Moskva source area, Moskva River downstream Kuryanovsk, Lytkarino and Lyubertsy treatment stations, confluence with Pekhorka River, Zhukovsky wastewater discharges, in Voskresensk and Kolomna towns, as well as mouths of some tributaries. • Fair water quality have been discovered in Moskva source area, downstream of Vyazemka River, in Krasnogorsk town, in Moscow city from the confluence with Yauza River to Pechatniki pear, downstream of Moscow near Moscow Ring Road, downstream of Dzerzhinsky wastewater discharges, confluence with Pakhra River, from Gzhelka river to the Voskresensk town and further to the confluence with Severka River, in Kolomna town, as well as in the Yauza, Vyazemka, Chachenka, Gzhelka and Nerskaya rivers themselves. 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12864