SENATORS of the UNITED STATES 1789–Present
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SENATORS OF THE UNITED STATES 1789–present A chronological list of senators since the First Congress in 1789 Administrations come and go, Houses assemble and disperse, Senators change, but the Senate is always there in the Capitol, and always organized, with an existence unbroken since 1789. Henry Cabot Lodge, 1903. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge stands among the most astute of the Senate’s 20th-century observer- participants. In the quotation noted above, he captures the fundamental continuity of this singular legislative body. On September 30, 1788, Pennsylvania became the first state to elect its United States senators. Since that distant election of William Maclay and Robert Morris, the states of this nation have similarly honored nearly 2,000 Americans. As Senator Lodge suggests, the most recently elected member shares a direct kinship with the entire line back to Senators Maclay and Morris. This publication is intended to remind current senators of that lineage by listing all members in the order in which they arrived. Each senator has been assigned a number to reflect his or her rank at the time of initial election. Up-to-date biographical information for all of these senators is available at http://bioguide.congress.gov. SENATORS' ORDER OF SERVICE From 1789 to 1958, senators whose terms began on the same day are listed alphabetically. Beginning in 1959, senators are listed according to commencement of first Senate term by order of service, determined by former service in order as senator, vice president, House member, cabinet secretary, governor, and then by state population. This latter system for calculating order of service has been used by the modern Senate for many years for the purposes of office assignment. It is unclear just when the Senate first began applying such criteria. SENATOR’S PARTY AFFILIATION A complete list of political parties identified in this list is included at the end. The Republican (R) party affiliation may refer to the Democratic Republican Party (sometimes referred to as Jeffersonian Republican Party) of the early 1800s, or to the modern (GOP) Republican Party that was founded in the 1850s. 1 Start of Initial Senate Service Name/Party End of Service Rank FIRST CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1789, TO MARCH 3, 1791 * * * 1789 * * * March 4 Bassett, Richard (Anti-Admin/Pro-Admin-DE) March 3, 1793 1 Butler, Pierce (Pro-Admin/Anti-Admin/R-SC) October 25, 1796 2 (Served again 1802) Carroll, Charles (Pro-Admin-MD) November 30, 1792 3 Dalton, Tristram (Pro-Admin-MA) March 3, 1791 4 Ellsworth, Oliver (Pro-Admin/F-CT) March 8, 1796 5 Elmer, Jonathan (Pro-Admin-NJ) March 3, 1791 6 Few, William (Anti-Admin-GA) March 3, 1793 7 Grayson, William (Anti-Admin-VA) March 12, 1790 8 Gunn, James (Anti-Admin/F-GA) March 3, 1801 9 Henry, John (Pro-Admin/F-MD) July 10, 1797 10 Izard, Ralph (Pro-Admin-SC) March 3, 1795 11 Johnson, William S. (Pro-Admin-CT) March 4, 1791 12 Langdon, John (Pro-Admin/Anti-Admin/R-NH) March 3, 1801 13 Lee, Richard Henry (Anti-Admin-VA) October 8, 1792 14 Maclay, William (Anti-Admin-PA) March 3, 1791 15 Morris, Robert (Pro-Admin-PA) March 3, 1795 16 Paterson, William (Pro-Admin-NJ) November 13, 1790 17 Read, George (Pro-Admin-DE) September 18, 1793 18 Schuyler, Philip John (Pro-Admin-NY) March 3, 1791 19 (Served again 1797) Strong, Caleb (Pro-Admin/F-MA) June 1, 1796 20 Wingate, Paine (Anti-Admin-NH) March 3, 1793 21 July 16 King, Rufus (Pro-Admin/F-NY) May 23, 1796 22 (Served again 1813) November 26 Johnston, Samuel (Pro-Admin-NC) March 3, 1793 23 December 8 Hawkins, Benjamin (Pro-Admin/Anti-Admin-NC) March 3, 1795 24 * * * 1790 * * * March 31 Walker, John (Pro-Admin-VA) November 9, 1790 25 June 12 Foster, Theodore (Pro-Admin/F/R-RI) March 3, 1803 26 Stanton, Joseph, Jr. (Anti-Admin-RI) March 3, 1793 27 November 9 Monroe, James (Anti-Admin-VA) May 27, 1794 28 November 13 Dickinson, Philemon (Pro-Admin-NJ) March 3, 1793 29 SECOND CONGRESS 2 Start of Initial Senate Service Name/Party End of Service Rank MARCH 4, 1791, TO MARCH 3, 1793 * * * 1791 * * * March 4 Bradley, Stephen R. (Anti-Admin-VT) March 3, 1795 30 (Served again 1801) Burr, Aaron (Anti-Admin/R-NY) March 3, 1797 31 Cabot, George (Pro-Admin/F-MA) June 9, 1796 32 Rutherfurd, John (Pro-Admin/F-NJ) November 26, 1798 33 June 13 Sherman, Roger (Pro-Admin-CT) July 23, 1793 34 October 17 Robinson, Moses (Anti-Admin/R-VT) October 15, 1796 35 * * * 1792 * * * June 18 Brown, John (Anti-Admin/R-KY) March 3, 1805 36 Edwards, John (Anti-Admin-KY) March 3, 1795 37 October 18 Taylor, John (Anti-Admin-VA) May 11, 1794 38 (Served again 1803, 1822) * * * 1793 * * * January 10 Potts, Richard (Pro-Admin/F-MD) October 24, 1796 39 THIRD CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1793, TO MARCH 3, 1795 March 4 Bradford, William (Pro-Admin/F-RI) October 1797 40 Frelinghuysen, Frederick (Pro-Admin/F-NJ) November 12, 1796 41 Jackson, James (Anti-Admin-GA) October 31, 1795 42 (Served again 1801) Livermore, Samuel (Pro-Admin/F-NH) June 12, 1801 43 Martin, Alexander (Anti-Admin/R-NC) March 3, 1799 44 Vining, John (Pro-Admin/F-DE) January 19, 1798 45 December 2 Mitchell, Stephen M. (Pro-Admin-CT) March 3, 1795 46 * * * 1794 * * * April 24 Ross, James (Pro-Admin/F-PA) March 3, 1803 47 November 18 Mason, Stevens T. (R-VA) May 10, 1803 48 Tazewell, Henry (Anti-Admin/R-VA) January 24, 1799 49 * * * 1795 * * * February 7 Latimer, Henry (F-DE) February 28, 1801 50 FOURTH CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1795, TO MARCH 3, 1797 3 Start of Initial Senate Service Name/Party End of Service Rank March 4 Bingham, William (F-PA) March 3, 1801 51 Bloodworth, Timothy (R-NC) March 3, 1801 52 Marshall, Humphrey (F-KY) March 3, 1801 53 Paine, Elijah (F-VT) September 1, 1801 54 Read, Jacob (F-SC) March 3, 1801 55 Trumbull, Jonathan, Jr. (F-CT) June 10, 1796 56 November 16 Walton, George (F-GA) April 12, 1796 57 * * * 1796 * * * April 12 Tattnall, Josiah (R-GA) March 3, 1799 58 May 18 Hillhouse, James (F-CT) June 10, 1810 59 June 11 Goodhue, Benjamin (F-MA) November 8, 1800 60 Sedgwick, Theodore (F-MA) March 3, 1799 61 August 2 Blount, William (R-TN) July 8, 1797 62 Cocke, William (R-TN) September 26, 1797 63 (Served again 1799) October 13 Tracy, Uriah (F-CT) July 19, 1807 64 October 18 Tichenor, Isaac (F-VT) October 17, 1797 65 (Served again 1815) November 9 Laurance, John (F-NY) August 1800 66 November 12 Stockton, Richard (F-NJ) March 3, 1799 67 November 21 Howard, John E. (F-MD) March 3, 1803 68 December 8 Hunter, John (R-SC) November 26, 1798 69 FIFTH CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1797, TO MARCH 3, 1799 * * * 1797 * * * March 4 Schuyler, Philip J. (F-NY) January 3, 1798 (First served 1789-1791) September 26 Anderson, Joseph (R-TN) March 3, 1799 70 (Served again 1799) Jackson, Andrew (R-TN) April 1798 71 (Served again 1823) October 17 Chipman, Nathaniel (F-VT) March 3, 1803 72 November 13 Greene, Ray (F-RI) March 5, 1801 73 December 8 Lloyd, James (F-MD) December 1, 1800 74 * * * 1798 * * * January 11 Hobart, John S. (F-NY) April 16, 1798 75 January 19 Clayton, Joshua (F-DE) August 11, 1798 76 May 15 North, William (F-NY) August 17, 1798 77 August 17 Watson, James (F-NY) March 19, 1800 78 4 Start of Initial Senate Service Name/Party End of Service Rank October 6 Smith, Daniel (R-TN) March 3, 1799 79 (Served again 1805) December 5 Davenport, Franklin (F-NJ) March 3, 1799 80 December 6 Pinckney, Charles (R-SC) 1801 81 * * * 1799 * * * January 17 Wells, William Hill (F-DE) November 6, 1804 82 (Served again 1813) SIXTH CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1799, TO MARCH 3, 1801 March 4 Anderson, Joseph (R-TN) March 3, 1815 (First served 1797-1799) Baldwin, Abraham (R-GA) March 4, 1807 83 Cocke, William (R-TN) March 3, 1805 (First served 1796-1797) Dayton, Jonathan (F-NJ) March 3, 1805 84 Dexter, Samuel (F-MA) May 30, 1800 85 Franklin, Jesse (R-NC) March 3, 1805 86 (Served again 1807) Schureman, James (F-NJ) February 16, 1801 87 December 5 Nicholas, Wilson C. (R-VA) May 22, 1804 88 * * * 1800 * * * April 3 Morris, Gouverneur (F-NY) March 3, 1803 89 June 6 Foster, Dwight (F-MA) March 3, 1803 90 November 6 Armstrong, John, Jr. (R-NY) February 5, 1802 91 (Served again 1803-1804, 1804) November 14 Mason, Jonathan (F-MA) March 3, 1803 92 December 12 Hindman, William (F-MD) November 19, 1801 93 * * * 1801 * * * February 28 Ogden, Aaron (F-NJ) March 3, 1803 94 White, Samuel (F-DE) November 4, 1809 95 SEVENTH CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1801, TO MARCH 3, 1803 March 4 Breckinridge, John (R-KY) August 7, 1805 96 Colhoun, John Ewing (R-SC) October 26, 1802 97 Jackson, James (R-GA) March 19, 1806 5 Start of Initial Senate Service Name/Party End of Service Rank (First served 1793-1795) Muhlenberg, John Peter G. (R-PA) June 30, 1801 98 Sheafe, James (F-NH) June 14, 1802 99 Stone, David (R-NC) February 17, 1807 100 (Served again 1813) May 16 Ellery, Christopher (R-RI) March 3, 1805 101 June 17 Olcott, Simeon (F-NH) March 3, 1805 102 July 13 Logan, George (R-PA) March 3, 1807 103 October 15 Bradley, Stephen R.