Remembering the Beaver Hall Group

CARLETON UNIVERSITY | FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES MAGAZINE | 2016

Exhibition on Canada’s unsung modernist artists wins major awards Message from the dean...... 4 History’s Norman Hillmer Releases Definitive Biography on Formative Public Servant O.D. Skelton...... 34

The BA at Work: Sociology and Anthropology Alumna/ Marketing Mogul...... 40

Susanne M. Klausen’s Groundbreaking New Book Examines Abortion Under Apartheid in South Africa...... 81 Remembering the An Avalanche of Success for Beaver Hall Group...... 6 Talented Music Grad...... 60 Can Lit at Carleton...... 86

The Quran in Context...... 64 Erin Shields: Carleton The Surprising History English Student and of Katherine Parr’s Prayer Killam Fellow for Henry VIII...... 46 at Smith College...... 90

From the Nun Researching a Red Market CU in the City...... 94 to the Call Girl...... 52 in the Digital Age...... 72 The Art and Science of Global Climate Change...... 16 Cover photo: Psychology Grad Research: Forensic Psychology: Prudence Heward | The Immigrants | 1928 How Trauma Impacts the Coming to a Computer Oil on canvas | 66 x 66 cm | Toronto, private Walking With Our Sisters collection | Photo credit: Sean Weaver ... and Other Journeys...... 26 Descendants of Survivors 56 Near You...... 76 Building Theatre, in the midst of a federal election The last thing I would like to do here is give thanks to all campaign, which made for some interesting digressions. of the amazing people who helped me over the course Our third National Forum for the Power of the Arts, of this past year. I truly would not have been able to get co-organized with the Michaëlle Jean Foundation, was through it without the patience, good humour, knowledge a resounding success, and I will not forget how Jali of and expertise of everyone in the Dean’s Office: Associate the Massilia Sound System got more than 200 people, Deans Sukeshi Kamra, Mike Brklacich and Susan Whitney, including former Governor-General, Michaëlle Jean, the who were tremendously supportive throughout the year; US Ambassador to Canada, Bruce Heyman, and other FASS computing led by Marianne Keyes, along with dignitaries, dancing to his French and Occitan reggae Scott Brown, Andrew Yuill, Raymond Boilard and tunes. I’ve always loved attending Convocation, this Patricia Saravesi (who has been exceptionally patient year it was an honour for me to formally present the with all the changes to the FASS website); Anastazia graduands becoming graduates to our Chancellor, Krneta, who works tirelessly at fundraising for our Charles Chi, to President Roseann Runte, and to faculty, programs and initiatives; Cristina Becerra, for getting parents, and friends. I will also very fondly remember all of our files scanned and helping our office become driving to Montreal in the company of our Senior paperless; Sarah Mohammed, who looks after all the Development Officer, Anastazia Krneta, in order to Dr. Catherine Khordoc, issues around Undergraduate programs (and who was attend an alumni event at the Montreal Museum of FASS Dean (Interim) so helpful in helping me navigate the OIRP data cubes); Fine Arts. Alumni were invited to tour the Beaver Hall Photo credit: Chris Roussakis Sarah Quirt, for looking after all the issues related to TAs Group exhibit, in the company of co-curator Dr. Brian and organizing all of our special events like CU in the Foss, Art History professor, and Director of the School City and the Vin d’honneur; Darlene Gilson, for all her for the Study of Art and Culture. There is nothing like work in making sure grant applications are submitted in getting a guided tour by the actual curators, and it time; Nick Ward, for communicating and disseminating sure beats the audio-guide! all of our amazing stories, coordinating the FASS blog and for doing such a tremendous job putting together Message from the dean I was especially proud when, at the Vin d’honneur a few this amazing issue of FASSinate; Cathy Gaffney and months ago (an annual event held toward the end of the Corrina Belok, who were so very patient in making sure Winter term), we were able to showcase not only the I understand the difference between FUNDS and recent publications of our faculty, but also announce the ACCOUNTS and ORGs, and that I not deplete all of numerous awards and distinctions with which our faculty FASS’ reserve funds; and finally, last but not least, to It is difficult to believe that almost a year has passed since manage to be registered in the right courses so that have been honoured this year. Without deliberately Allyson Buchanan-Watson and Susan Jameson, without I stepped into the role of Interim Dean of FASS. I usually they can eventually graduate. And of course, while I looking to do so, I was able to mention honours received whom I simply would not have gotten through this year; try to avoid clichés, but the year really has flown by. have not met all 320 faculty members, I have had the by faculty and staff from all 18 FASS units, including the they were always ready, with a smile, to help me, answer great pleasure of meeting many of them, and it is Carleton University Art Gallery. The learning curve has been steep, and the challenges always a delight to hear about their research and questions, organize meetings, set schedules, make sure everything was on track for all the various responsibilities have been stimulating and rewarding. It has also teaching initiatives. I would also be remiss if I did not As I write this, I am especially excited about a new we have, and to ensure that I knew (more or less!) what been, undeniably, the busiest year I have experienced recognize the contributions made by our Contract initiative that we are putting in place this year. In I was doing, and where I needed to be when. so far in my lifetime! Instructors who are often conducting research of collaboration with the Office of the Vice-President their own, teaching in other institutions or working Research and International, we are launching an What will stay with me, as I look back on this year, will I’d like to wish everyone an excellent summer, hoping in other sectors, and who are, in spite of these different Undergraduate Summer Research Internship, be the incredible people who make up this faculty: the that it will be both productive and restful, and I wish pressures, equally dedicated to their students at Carleton. and I am thrilled to see the level of interest this is administrative staff, the faculty members, and the students. incoming Interim Dean Wallace Clement all the best as generating for our undergraduate students. I suspect Spending this year as Interim Dean has afforded me the he carries the torch for FASS for the next two years. There is no doubt that this has been a memorable year that this may be due to a fairly generous stipend, but opportunity to know more about our various disciplines, It has been an honour and a privilege to serve as Interim for me. Some of the moments that punctuated the it is also heartening to see that so many under- and the undergraduate and graduate programs offered in Dean for this past year, and I thank you for your patience, year include visiting the Walking with our Sisters exhibit graduate students are interested in devoting a FASS. I’ve also met many of the Departmental, Graduate kindness, and trust, as I tried to learn the ropes. I hope at the Carleton University Art Gallery, with Kahente summer to working on a research project. and Undergraduate Administrators, reminding me that Horn-Miller (in the School for Canadian Studies) who you enjoy reading this issue of FASSinate, bringing you some of the best of the FASS stories from this past year. it is in great part due to their commitment, dedication, very kindly offered to accompany me—physically and This is by no means an exhaustive sketch of FASS’ and thoroughness that our faculty runs so well, that emotionally—at an especially busy time of term. The success stories for the year, but I do want readers to our instructors and researchers can get to the business 2015 Throwback event brought Stephen Lewis to have a glimpse of how fascinating a year in the life of teaching and doing research, and that our students Carleton to give a talk to a full house in the River of an Interim Dean can be. Dr. Catherine Khordoc, FASS Dean (Interim)

carleton.ca/fass • 4 carleton.ca/fass • 5 Remembering The Beaver Hall Group–Canada’s Unsung Modernists

Art History prof. co-curates award winning exhibition on 1920s modernism in Montreal.

by Nick Ward

carleton.ca/fass • 6 Randolph S. Hewton Miss Mary Macintosh 1924 or earlier Oil on canvas 101.6 x 86.3 cm Peter Dobell Photo credit: David Barbour

Brian Foss, Director of the School for Studies in Art The Beaver Hall Group, which contains nearly 200 and Culture and Professor of Art History, has spent paintings, sculptures, drawings and miscellaneous the bulk of the last decade researching an unsung, objects borrowed from approximately 30 public and but instrumental collective of Canadian artists 42 private collections scattered across the country. known as the Beaver Hall Group. Foss followed the lead of the primary curator of the show, Jacques Des Rochers, the Montreal Museum of Professor Foss’s tenacious research culminated last Fine Arts Curator of Quebec and Canadian Art before fall in an exhibition for the Montreal Museum of 1945. Their teamwork paid tremendous dividends. Fine Arts titled 1920s Modernism in Montreal:

1920s Modernism in Montreal: The Beaver Hall Group received 92,000 visitors over the course of its three-month showing at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts and has won this year’s highly coveted Canadian Museum Association’s Award of Outstanding Achievement in the Art Exhibitions category. The accompanying catalogue has also captured the 2016 Melva J. Dwyer Award, given to the creators of exceptional reference or research tools relating to Canadian art and architecture.

carleton.ca/fass • 8 Edwin Holgate Professor of Mathematics (Albert Henry Steward Gillson) 1924 Oil on canvas 55.2 x 46 cm The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts Gift of Ruth Gillson Byres on behalf of the Gillson family 2004.90 Photo credit: MMFA, Christine Guest

The Beaver Hall Group was a diverse assortment of Newton, Randolph Hewton, Edwin Holgate, Mabel like-minded Montreal based artists, many of whom Lockerby, Anne Savage, Emily Coonan, Adrien Hébert, shared a studio and exhibition space on the city’s Beaver Henri Hébert, and Prudence Heward. The association was Hall Hill in the early 1920s. Like Toronto’s celebrated based more on friendship, peer support and a dedication Group of Seven, the Beaver Hall Group offered a creative to modernist approaches to colour, draftsmanship and portrayal of life in Canada, but they did so in a very composition, than on a rigorously defined membership different way. “Unlike the Group of Seven’s vast or firm commitment to a single subject matter or interpretations of Canada’s natural, unblemished nationalist view. Aside from their exceptional work, backdrops, Beaver Hall Group art featured portraits what made the Beaver Hall Group particularly remarkable of contemporary Canadian individuals, rural life and was the fact that almost exactly half of its members were urbanized, populated cityscapes,” explained Foss. female artists, when to be a fully professional artist in Montreal often meant being a man. Formed in 1920, the group disbanded in 1923. The consortium of members and associates included the “The Beaver Hall Group was thus a broadly inclusive likes of such Canadian art icons as A.Y. Jackson (the collection of artists,” said Foss. “Unlike the Group of Group’s first president), Mabel May, Lilias Torrance Seven, they encouraged women artists as members of

their network. This support was a source of validation. in any other place. “The Beaver Hall Group offers an political interest in becoming famous. It’s up to us to of Fine Arts and ran until January 31, 2016. The The group also featured both Francophone and Anglophone alternative, progressive vision of what Canadian modern remember them for the accomplished, progressive exhibition is on a cross country tour that includes artists, which helped bridge a divided Montreal scene.” art can be,” said Foss. “It contrasted the Group of Seven artists they were.” the Art Gallery of Hamilton, followed by a stop at by offering a distinctly Montreal type of modernism.” the Art Gallery of Windsor, and then at the The resounding uniqueness and obscurity of the Group Foss hopes the exhibition 1920s Modernism in Montreal: Glenbow Museum (Calgary). made it an alluring research subject, but this also presented So why wasn’t the Group able to carve out an enduring The Beaver Hall Group helps viewers understand the Foss and Des Rochers with some formidable obstacles. niche in the Canadian consciousness? complexity and quality of this often misunderstood group. The exhibition has been widely reviewed, including in the “I aspire to cultivate a new appreciation for the Beaver Hall Globe and Mail, Le Devoir, the Montreal Gazette and “It could get frustrating. Almost no documentation “They didn’t have clear message or narrative to send, Group, and for people to walk away from the exhibition CBC Radio’s The Sunday Edition, which broadcast a survived, and what did was difficult to locate. There unlike the Group of Seven” responded Foss. “They fell knowing that there was a thriving modernist art scene documentary on the Beaver Hall Group and the exhibition. were no membership lists or constitutions so we had to victims to their own diverse nature. They stood together in Montreal during the 1920s that was representative of spend a lot of time in the archives, and needed to really as a supportive group of modernists, but beyond that the a broad cross section of the city’s artists; that Canadian The catalogue has won the 2016 Melva J. Dwyer analyze and dissect interviews that earlier researchers art was varied, and as a result, they tended not to have a modernist art of this era was more complicated and Award, given annually by the Art Libraries Society had conducted with the members,” said Foss. strong public image as a group.” multi-faceted than it is often thought to have been.” of North America in recognition of exceptional reference or research tools relating to Canadian Though the research was arduous, Foss and Des Rochers “It didn’t help that they seem to have held only a few 1920s Modernism in Montreal: The Beaver Hall Group art and architecture. understood the importance of this undertaking. These exhibitions during their existence and had only one opened in October 2015 at the Montreal Museum artists tell a story about Canada that hasn’t been recounted real spokesperson in A.Y. Jackson. They possessed no carleton.ca/fass • 12 carleton.ca/fass • 13 Sarah Robertson | The Blue Sleigh | About 1924 | Oil on canvas | 48.3 x 61 cm Owen Sound, Ontario, Tom Thomson Art Gallery | Bequest of Norah Thomson de Pencier, 1974 | 1974.004.010

Anne Savage | April in the Laurentians | About 1922-24 The 352-page catalogue includes six substantial essays; music, film and dance scene during the Beaver Hall Ottawa, National Gallery of Canada | 39290 | Photo credit: © NGC dealing with the social and artistic contexts within years (Brian Foss), the ways in which the artists which the Group was formed (Jacques Des Rochers), explored modernist concerns in their choices of subjects the ways in which the Group was later incorrectly and styles (Esther Trépanier), and the complex roles interpreted as being a collection of women artists only occupied by women artists in the Beaver Hall Group and (Des Rochers), the influence of the members’ artistic in the larger Canadian art world (Kristina Huneault). training (Hélène Sicotte), Montreal’s rich art, theatre,

carleton.ca/fass • 14 carleton.ca/fass • 15 The Art and Science of Global Climate Change

Interview and introduction by Chancellor’s Professor in the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies and Associate Dean of FASS (Graduate Programs and Research), Mike Brklacich.

carleton.ca/fass • 16 Professor Elyn Humphreys and her daughter at a peatland in New Zealand. Photograph by: Mike Treberg

“...climate change is a common concern of humankind...”

Concerns over global climate change have been mounting demand an integrated approach to combatting poverty, for roughly three decades and 2015 is increasingly being restoring dignity to the underprivileged, and at the same framed as a watershed year in our understanding of the time protecting nature.” severity of the issue and, perhaps more importantly, in our search for strategies to reduce the impacts of human The Paris Agreement draws similar conclusions and activities on earth system processes. recognizes “that climate change is a common concern of humankind. Parties should, when taking action to Two important milestones from 2015 in the global climate address climate change, respect, promote and consider change journey include Pope Francis’ Encyclical on their respective obligations on human rights, the Climate Change and the Paris Agreement that emerged right to health, ….” from the 21st United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change of the Parties. Both documents It is now well recognized that durable climate solutions emphasized the growing global consensus that we are intended to safeguard the planet and human well-being living in the anthropocene, a period where human will need to embrace environmental, social, economic activities are exerting substantial pressures on earth and ethical issues. Researchers in the Faculty of Arts system processes. These documents helped reframe and Social Sciences are actively engaged in exploring how we perceive climate change issues. the “Art and Science of Global Climate Change.”

In his Encyclical, Pope Francis exhorted, “We are not I had the opportunity to discuss global climate change faced with two separate crises, one environmental and with two FASS colleagues. the other social, but rather one complex crisis which is both social and environmental. Strategies for a solution – Prof. Mike Brklacich

Professor Elyn Humphreys Professor Noel Salmond

Elyn Humphreys is an Associate Professor in the Noel Salmond is Associate Professor in the College of Department of Geography and Environmental Studies. the Humanities and the Program in Religion. He holds She holds a PhD and MSc in Soil Science from the a doctorate from McGill University in Religious Studies University of British Columbia. Her research interests specializing in Asian religions, where he has also been are in microclimatology and carbon cycle science with trained in Christian theology. For the past decade he has an emphasis on soil-plant-atmosphere interactions. At done research and teaching at the intersection of religion Carleton University, she teaches courses in soil science, and environmental thought. weather, microclimatology, and biogeochemical cycles. She is also currently an Associate Editor for Hydrological Processes and Arctic Science.

carleton.ca/fass • 18 carleton.ca/fass • 19 Giovanni Bellini | Saint Francis in the Desert | 1480 | Oil on panel 124.6 x 142 cm | Frick Collection, New York

of more (and more dire) quantitative data. Instead, populations depend. This was a major theme of Pope Professor Mike Brklacich beside a motorcycle in Cameroon, Lake Barombi. Hulme suggested, more compelling modalities are Francis’ Encyclical. The Pope argued for concerted needed and one of these can be religion. This wasn’t in action on climate change especially in the interest of any way dismissive of the vital importance of rational the protection of the most vulnerable—a call consistent deliberation on hard scientific data—it was, however, with the commitment (post Vatican II) to what an acknowledgment that that alone is unlikely to create Catholic social teaching refers to as the “preferential How is the climate change challenge framed within can be used in synthesis studies and in testing and the necessary political will. option for the poor.” The Paris Agreement echoes your research field? validating models. In this way, we can contribute to the this in emphasizing the human rights dimension in larger efforts to better understand global carbon budgets Research in this subfield of religion and ecology combatting climate change. Humphreys: In my research field, there is a focus on and refine the models that can be used to predict future examines how the major world religions are the need to understand natural system feedbacks to climate change and its impacts. responding to environmental degradation and in American scholar Bron Taylor calls this new focus on climate change. The planet’s ecosystems naturally particular climate change. There has been a plethora ecology and environment by religious organizations absorb and emit greenhouse gases including carbon Salmond: I work in this area under the rubric of “Religion of official statements on the problem from all the “Green Religion.” But Taylor also argues there is a dioxide and methane, but it is uncertain how a warming and Ecology” which has become a well-established religions—the Pope’s Encyclical of last June being growing global development of what he terms “Dark climate will impact these exchanges. My colleagues (indeed burgeoning) subfield within Religious Studies. only one of the more recent and well-publicized. Green Religion.” Taylor refers here to a variety of ori- and I are working to better understand if tundra and According to the American Academy of Religion, (One can easily look at responses to climate change entations or spiritualities, sometimes loosely inspired peatland ecosystems will contribute to climate change “the subfield critically and constructively explores how from world religions gathered on the website of by Indigenous traditions, that speak of an intrinsic by emitting more greenhouse gases in a warmer climate Human-Earth relations are shaped by religions, cultures, FORE, the Forum on Religion and Ecology hosted sacrality in nature and that argue that profound or will help alleviate it, by taking up more carbon dioxide, and understandings of nature and the environment.” at Yale University; another valuable site is that environmental restoration will only come about through for instance. To study this, we measure the continuous So this field recognizes that climate change responses in of ARC, the Alliance of Religions and Conservation re-investing our relationship to nature with a sense exchange of these gases between the surface and the societies are based on more than rational deliberations based in the UK.) This greening of religions is of the sacred. This manifests in what might be called atmosphere. Our longest running site has operated on scientific data; they are shaped by world views and manifested for instance in the recent decisions by neo-paganism, but also appears in Canada’s own David since 1998 at the nearby Mer Bleue bog in the National these in turn are often shaped, often unconsciously, by the Church of England and the United Church of Suzuki, an avowed atheist, calling for a recovery of a Capital Greenbelt. We also have sites in the Hudson Bay implicit theologies of nature. I remember hearing lead- Canada to divest from fossil fuels. One major aspect sense of the sacred in nature. Arguably some of this even Lowlands and on the tundra in NWT and Nunavut. My ing British climate scientist Mike Hulme speak here at of the ecological turn in religions is the notion of manifests in the Pope’s letter where he invokes Saint students and I get to know the workings of these specific Carleton in November of 2014. He made the point that “Eco-Justice” where it is seen as an ethical imperative Francis’ predilection for relating to natural phenomena sites really well. But equally important are the insights it was naïve of the then head of the Intergovernmental to preserve the well-being of humans (in particular in terms of kin: brother sun and sister moon. we gain through collaboration in national and interna- Panel on Climate Change to believe that the world the most impoverished) through a commitment tional research networks where our field measurements community would act simply on the presentation to preserving the ecosystems on which human

carleton.ca/fass • 20 carleton.ca/fass • 21 Professor Humphreys’ Arctic research site (with birds overhead) in Northwest Territories, Canada. Photograph by Mike Treberg

In my own work in the classroom I teach about “green” inar events and to include research experiences in my and “dark green” religion, but I also have a particular lectures, labs, and assignments. In addition to talking research interest in the critique of both launched by about key research findings, I like to talk about how what I might call the anti-environmental movement. we go about doing the research itself and offer personal Here environmentalism is derided as a form of secular or observations. For example, when I started working here implicit religion as a strategy to delegitimize it. Climate at Carleton, we purchased calibration cylinders of CO2 change is held to be an alarmism supported by “junk with a known concentration of ~378 ppm, near ambient science” and motivated by a reversion to religious concentration for the earth’s atmosphere at the time, apocalypticism. The “environmentalism is a religion” so we could test our sensors before setting them up at trope is a discursive strategy directed at non-religious our field sites. Today, almost 11 years later, the ambient people by calling environmentalism bad because it’s a concentration is over 400 ppm and I’m still honestly religion and aimed simultaneously at the religious right shocked at how quickly it has changed and how often we by saying it’s bad (i.e. pagan) religion. Organizations need to upgrade our calibration cylinders. proffering this view (sometimes funded by industry) have made significant impact on American politics. Salmond: I have presented at academic conferences and have also given talks on the topic to community Linking research to action is always a challenge. organizations including church and seniors groups. What has been your experience in making your I am often surprised how unaware people can be of the research more accessible to an informed, but extensive involvement of faith communities (even their non-specialized, audience? own faith community) in the climate arena. Taking the case of Christianity as an example, this can be partially Two of Professor Humphreys’ students at the Arctic Humphreys: The main outlets for my research are explained by the gap between the official positions taken tundra site making GHG flux measurements. scientific conferences and journals, but there are by a denomination and the average practitioner in the pew. Photograph by Elyn Humphreys opportunities to speak to the public at community sem- carleton.ca/fass • 23 For instance, the Canadian Conference of Catholic Of interest here is some of the wording in the preamble Bishops in October of 2003 issued a major and very which affirms that ecosystems and oceans and biodiver- radical statement on the environment, but it’s doubtful sity are “recognized by some cultures as Mother Earth” and that it filtered down in any significant way to the noting “the importance for some of the concept of ‘climate typical parish pulpit. justice’, when taking action to address climate change.”

Preparing students to be responsible citizens is central Humphreys: Climate change politics is well outside my to FASS’ mission. How might your inclusion of area of expertise, but I am impressed by the statements climate change within your undergraduate courses in the agreement that clearly emphasize the urgency assist our students in their post-Carleton careers? of curbing emissions to limit warming to 1.5 °C. It also acknowledges that current national plans won’t keep Humphreys: In my undergraduate classes in Physical warming below a 2 °C scenario and emphasizes that Geography, there are many opportunities to study more will need to be done and quickly. climate change, the underlying scientific mechanisms and widespread impacts on the natural world. It’s very If you had the opportunity to brief Prime Minister multidisciplinary even within the sciences. When trying Justin Trudeau on climate change, what advice to follow the carbon through the global carbon cycle for would you offer? example, you can touch on many Earth system processes. I hope that students leave with a better understanding of Humphreys: It’s a huge challenge. I would advocate for how the physical world works and the tools to research research funds that will help us directly address ways and investigate what they don’t yet understand. Ultimately, to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and for funds I hope these skills will allow them to broadly consider to support basic science. I think it is critical to improve the environment when making decisions in the workplace our knowledge of where things are headed so that we and in their daily lives. can better prepare and adapt for the changes that are currently happening and will continue to happen to Salmond: I think it’s crucial for students to be aware of the ecosystems we depend on. the discourse on climate change and the environment within the major religious traditions. The Pew Research Salmond: Along with many others, I regard the new Centre estimated (2012) that eight in ten people globally Prime Minister’s stance on climate change a more than identify with a religious group. Religions as extremely welcome shift from that of the previous regime. I think long-lived institutions wield a formidable array of highly one of the major challenges facing the Prime Minister evocative world narratives and rituals which influence is his campaign commitment to not only endorse but to behaviour—for good and for ill. Not only are they major implement fully UNDRIP, The United Nations Declara- global landholders and investors, but they also play tion on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Calls a huge role globally in education. They are, among to Action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. other things, what I call “communities of persuasion.” He formally reiterated this promise on December 15 For example, when the Pope as leader of 1.25 billion when the TRC report was released in Ottawa. Indigenous Catholics pronounces on climate this is not insignificant. peoples in Canada are, in my experience, very religious This fact is recognized by environmental NGOs. It’s and are religiously invested in the environmental hard to imagine our students being responsible protection of their territories. We saw this powerfully citizens in a globalized world without a knowledge manifested in Idle No More. I predict we will see of the religious traditions which represent the oldest increased contestation over resource development and cultural traditions on the planet. resource transportation (pipelines) and it remains to be seen if the Prime Minister will be able to live up to his What do you see as the main achievements of the promises when these promises may entail effectively Climate Change Agreement reached in Paris in giving a veto to a First Nation to a development project. December of 2015? Do we need to improve? The UNDRIP wording is “free, prior, and informed consent” and implicit in the word consent is the possibility Salmond: Well, at least we got an agreement. I applaud the of a refusal. I would advise the Prime Minister to stay wording recognizing the rights of Indigenous peoples—a the course with his admirable promises. matter highly significant in this country; as I discuss.

carleton.ca/fass • 24 Photo by Melody McKiver / Walking With Our Sisters

Walking With Our Sisters and Other Journeys

by Sandra Dyck Director of the Carleton University Art Gallery

Over the course of three weeks, beginning on September The first day of installation began with a sunrise 25th, 2015, Carleton University Art Gallery, in partnership ceremony, held in the tipi on a dark, chilly Monday. with Gallery 101, hosted Walking With Our Sisters It was led by the Cree Elder Thomas Louttit, one (WWOS), a commemorative installation honouring of many local Elders who guided the organizing Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls, and committee and volunteered onsite. A small sacred Two-Spirit people of Canada and the United States. fire burned in the centre of the tipi, as it would every They are sisters, mothers, aunties, daughters, cousins, day during WWOS. At the ceremony’s conclusion we wives, grandmothers, and partners. They are not forgotten. emerged to the pale, pastel light of early morning. The tipi became a cherished place where visitors gathered Many members of the local Indigenous community and around the fire, listening intently as Thomas and his Ottawa organizing committee formally welcomed the fellow Firekeepers generously shared their stories, bundle—the contents of the Walking With Our Sisters their knowledge, and always, their humour. installation—in a ceremony at Minwaashin Lodge in early September. On a beautiful day later that month, Many volunteers worked together for four days to Pinock Smith, an Algonquin master canoe-maker from realize the bundle’s installation. They laid the floor with Kitigan Zibi, arrived on campus to move Carleton neat rows of cedar boughs over which huge swaths University’s tipi to the lawn between the St. Patrick’s of brilliant red fabric were taped down, demarcating Building and Russell House. Pinock and his crew the lodge. On the second day, they opened the boxes deftly set up the tipi, wrapping the canvas exterior holding the installation’s heart—more than 1800 pairs around the interior framework of long, lean poles of of moccasin vamps created by people across North black spruce, and before leaving, laying down fresh America, who responded in overwhelming numbers to cedar boughs on the grass inside. While I stood a public call issued by the project’s founder, the Métis watching the set-up, a stranger approached to offer artist Christi Belcourt. Pinock returned on the third day a gift of sacred medicines—sage, tobacco, cedar, and to place a five-foot birchbark canoe within the larger, sweetgrass—wrapped in red cloth. I was surprised canoe-shaped configuration of vamps at the centre of and touched, but as I came to understand, Walking the lodge and to hang a bower of intertwined red alder With Our Sisters is founded on countless such acts saplings at its threshold. of generosity and kindness.

carleton.ca/fass • 27 Boughs of fresh cedar were laid down on the floor of the gallery, prior to the taping down of the red fabric that demarcated the lodge. Photo by Sandra Dyck

Juliana Matoush Snowboy and Sharp Dopler were among the local Elders and Helpers who guided the WWOS Ottawa committee, providing guidance on ceremony and protocol and volunteering many hours in the gallery during the presentation of WWOS. Photo by Sandra Dyck

Most of the vamps were arrayed on the floor in precise the bundle. One family drove ten hours, from rows around the gallery’s perimeter, beginning with a Oujé-Bougoumou, to participate; for another, it was group of blue vamps sent from Vancouver’s Downtown the first time they had spoken in public about their Eastside, in honour of the neighbourhood’s long history pain. It was a deeply moving event, marked by of advocacy for the rights of Indigenous women. From courageous acts of truth-telling. the floor the vamps bloomed forth in an ineffable pro- fusion of materials, colours, symbols, and images. The Over the course of the three extraordinary weeks that vamps powerfully, and with a protean emotional force followed, nearly 6000 people visited Walking With and energy, evoked the spirit of the women whose lives Our Sisters, including more than 1500 Carleton students. they honour. As Christi Belcourt told President Roseann Each visitor removed their shoes, was greeted and Runte, this collective honouring is, for her, the vital smudged by an Elder or Helper, and took a tobacco tie purpose of Walking With Our Sisters. in hand before entering the lodge to walk beside the vamps. WWOS created an inclusive public space in which these The WWOS opening ceremony saw the gallery radically journeys could occur. It created countless opportunities—in transformed into a space for ceremony. A live audio the gallery, in the tipi, and in the classroom—for the broadcast brought the afternoon’s events to the overflow forging of relationships, the creation of dialogue, and tents set up outdoors, where Thomas Louttit led a pipe the sharing of knowledge. Most importantly, it enabled ceremony. Inside, the traditional Cree healer and Elder diverse peoples to come together to honour, to remember, Juliana Matoush Snowboy oversaw a ceremony for and to raise awareness of Missing and Murdered family members. Several rose to speak aloud their grief Indigenous Women, Girls, and Two-Spirit people. and anguish, to bear witness to their loved one, and to have the vamps they had created formally feasted into

carleton.ca/fass • 29 Photo by Melody McKiver / Walking With Our Sisters Photo by Melody McKiver / Walking With Our Sisters

carleton.ca/fass • 31 Looking up inside the tipi. Photo by Sandra Dyck

Photo by Melody McKiver / Walking With Our Sisters

On the cold October day we took the tipi down, I saw on Our Sisters, which opened our minds, our hearts, and its inner walls the beautiful residue of a month’s worth all our senses. As Paul Allaire, a Métis Firekeeper who of smoke from the sacred fire that had burned within. volunteered many hours in the tipi, said one day, It symbolized, for me, the innumerable collective and sometimes the longest journey a human being can cumulative acts of honouring enabled by Walking With take is from their head to their heart.

CUAG thanks Gallery 101, the Elders, Helpers, and Firekeepers, the Walking With Our Sisters national and local organizing committees, and the many other volunteers who embraced WWOS and made possible its presentation in Ottawa.

Walking With Our Sisters Ottawa was recently honoured by the Canadian Museums Association with an “Award of Outstanding Achievement in Exhibitions – Cultural Heritage” and an “Award for Outstanding Achievement.”

carleton.ca/fass • 32 History’s Norman Hillmer Releases Definitive Biography on Formative Public Servant, O.D. Skelton

Hillmer’s book was named as a finalist for a 2016 Canada Prize from the Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences and was also shortlisted for the Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing.

by Nick Ward

Skelton in 1923, as he turned towards a public life. Taken from the cover of Prof. Hillmer’s 2013 edition of Skelton’s papers.

carleton.ca/fass • 35 Mackenzie King (background, far right) smiles amiably at R.B. Bennett (something they did not do), improbably agreeing that Skelton could run Canada’s foreign policy on his own. (Isabel Skelton Scrapbook, Queen’s University Archives, undated and unidentified cartoon)

When Canadians reflect on the history of their country Minister Mackenzie King’s foreign policy advisor. and those who were instrumental in shaping it, the An unwavering Liberal and a devoted nationalist, names of political titans like Macdonald, King, and Skelton was a natural choice to become, in 1925, the Trudeau are far more likely to enter the discussion than head of Canada’s Department of External Affairs, Oscar Douglas Skelton. where he would serve until his sudden death in 1941.

Carleton University’s Norman Hillmer’s new book, O.D. What made Skelton remarkable was his ability to think Skelton: A Portrait of Canadian Ambition, discloses why outside of the box; way outside. In the years before the Skelton deserves a place in the Canadian consciousness. Second World War, the question for most Canadians was, “Does our destiny lie with Britain or America?” For Hillmer’s book is a colourful depiction of the immensely Skelton, the answer was neither. He knew deeply and interesting life of Skelton—the most influential public instinctively that Canada’s destiny lay with Canada. servant our country has ever seen. More than that, Hillmer’s book recounts Skelton as an ambitious “Skelton understood that we had been given half a Canadian who was anxious to get his country ahead, continent of the world’s geography. This was a gift. and set himself ahead at the same time. One we needed to make our own,” explained Hillmer. “We were a colonial people full of self-doubt. Skelton Skelton began his professional career as an academic, was unusual for his time. He was a post-colonial, with working at Queen’s University where he was a popular no doubts at all.” professor of Economics and Political Science and for a time, the Dean of Arts. All the while, he was an activist Full of self-belief, Skelton navigated Canada away from for a better, more just, progressive Canada. the British and their empire. As the helmsman, Skelton created Canada’s diplomatic service and the government Canada’s top public servant, uncharacteristically well In 1923, Skelton thrust himself to the centre of the body we know today as the Department of Foreign Affairs, groomed and impeccably tailored. (Library and Archives public sphere when he accepted a job as Prime International Trade and Development. Canada, C-2089, undated) carleton.ca/fass • 36 carleton.ca/fass • 37 Cover art for O.D. Skelton: A Portrait of Canadian Ambition by Normal Hillmer.

Norman Hillmer, Professor in the Department of History. Photographer: Michael Hillmer

“Skelton’s life work was Canadian independence. Hillmer describes this book, on a mysterious and He set his country out to do the work of the world.” influential Canadian, as his most important work. It might be the story of a single Canadian, but Hillmer discovered in his vast research that Skelton, ultimately, A Portrait of Canadian Ambition reaches Nearly seventy-five years after Skelton passed away, a man who seemed so grey at first glance, was full of far beyond O.D. Skelton. Hillmer skilfully conveys why Skelton deserves a place life, interest and complexity. “Not a grey man at all,” said Hillmer. Woven into this fascinating biography is an exploration alongside those we celebrate as the architects of Canada. of our national history in a global context, offering “As I read his diaries I began to understand Skelton readers a glimpse of what Canada was and what it can as a person who overcame his timidity and shyness be. At the same time, it is an analysis of power and to become, quite deliberately, a public man.” politics and of personal ambition and accomplishment. Hillmer’s work, about an avant-garde individual who “He was very complex. I started my research changed a country, is as inspirational for Canadian because I was interested in O.D’s ideas, but I readers as it is informative. quickly became aware that his ambition and drive were the most important things about him. Skelton Nearly seventy-five years after Skelton passed away, was a man of integrity who overcame personal Hillmer skilfully conveys why Skelton deserves a place obstacles to fight for what he believed in. Yet, he alongside those we celebrate as the architects of Canada. was also a political man who easily forgot that politics are for prime ministers, not public servants.”

carleton.ca/fass • 38 carleton.ca/fass • 39 The BA at Work: Sociology and Anthropology Alumna/Marketing Mogul

Carolyn Goodman makes a recent trip to Carleton (2014), outside of Renfrew House.

Carolyn Goodman graduated from Carleton in 1977 with Could you give us a synopsis of your career a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology and Anthropology and has path and some lesson you may have learned since gone on to become monstrously successful in the along the way? fields of marketing and advertising. Based out of San Francisco, Goodman holds an inherently cool and prolific After graduating from Carleton in 1977 with a BA job, and has an even cooler family. She is a tremendously in Sociology and Anthropology and then completing active athlete, a pop culture aficionado, an enthusiastic the Creative Advertising program at Algonquin College, world traveller, and an outdoor adventure junkie. She’s I moved out west, and got a job as a writer/producer also a compassionate Carleton University mentor, who at CFCN-Television in Lethbridge, and was lucky has helped her most recent mentee land a dream job as a enough to follow that with a job at the Calgary offices sports marketer in his dream city of Amsterdam (wow). of Cockfield Brown—one of the largest ad agencies in Canada. I worked my way up from media planner to As stated at the outset of this introduction, beyond simply Account Executive, and was lucky to keep writing and referring to her as an “inspiration,” profiling the very producing commercials as well. After moving to composite and fascinating life of Carolyn Goodman is California in 1983, I talked my way into a job at not an uncomplicated task; so we asked her for some help… Chiat/Day—the “hot” agency who handled the Apple business. Although everyone else at the agency worked The creative entrepreneur was kind enough to take time on Apple, I worked on start-up retailer BusinessLand, out of her unfathomably busy schedule to chat with one of the first PC retail chains! FASS about school, work and life. Enjoy. carleton.ca/fass • 40 carleton.ca/fass • 41 targets, I help them understand the right industry lingo Of course there are exceptions, but even living in entre- to use, how to make contact and follow up, and how to preneurial San Francisco, I meet plenty of young people prepare for a job interview. I assist in preparing a lifestyle who are full of great, big ideas, but don’t know how to budget in order to determine salary requirements and write a business plan or how to frame their idea to an I get as excited as my mentee does when everything investor or even how to research and determine if there starts to fall into place! is even a market for their idea. A post-secondary degree should help give you the time you need to explore new Why did you choose Sociology as your major? topics, ask questions and figure out what interests you. Then, seek out people in that industry and find out When I enrolled at Carleton I was only 16, and I had no what they do and how they got there. idea what I wanted to do. After taking Introduction to Sociology, I became fascinated with the entire discipline You can find lots of working professionals at industry and how the world was purposefully organized into events, so sign up and get ready to be social! Introduce networks and institutions. I loved that it included research yourself, engage in conversation and ask for informa- and critical thinking—and actually got excited the first tional interviews. Show up prepared to ask questions time I turned in my punch cards to try and create a (and write down the answers) about what they do, what cross-tab report! I apply many of the insights about it’s like to work in that industry and what it might take 4th Renfrew Res Picture (1974-75); Goodman on the 2nd row from the top, 3rd from the left. human behaviour into my marketing work as my job is for you to get a job in that category. There are so many Goodman is still in touch with many of those in this picture. to motivate target audiences to take an action. professionals who would be happy to help recent grads, but never get asked for help! How has your Arts degree been an asset in helping you achieve your great professional Make sure your personal brand is ready. Set your social and entrepreneurial success? network sites to private; critically evaluate your tweets (and if they’re not appropriate for the business world, As is typical in this business, I worked at several a business opportunity. I’ve also learned an immense In 2016, many students are pushed into determining delete your account and start again); set up your LinkedIn different large agencies over the course of the next amount about self-discipline—and to never, ever, ever a career path beginning in high school in the hope that profile with a professional photo and engaging summary. 20 years including Ogilvy & Mather Direct, DDB give up. Just because somebody tells me “no,” I don’t they might find the right university that will prepare them Link in to friends, professors and other Carleton alum Needham and client-side at Bank of America and 1st take it personally. Instead, it just fires me up to work for their future. I think that’s a lot of pressure to put on and then network, network, network! Nationwide Bank. In the early 1990s I was tapped to smarter and harder. a student who is still trying to figure out who they are, move to Toronto to open a Canadian beachhead for and life in general. A career in advertising and marketing is so coveted! direct response agency Cohn & Wells, and discovered What is your role as mentor for Carleton U? In your experience and opinion, what makes the that I was also very good at new business development, Instead, I encouraged my kids to find a subject that in- profession so sought after? landing Bell Canada, Stentor and BC Tel at the beginnings When I first signed on to be a mentor, I knew it would terested them by taking a wide variety of classes in their of telecommunication deregulation. be challenging. I’d already had one son graduate from freshman year—and if Carleton hadn’t insisted that, as What keeps advertising and marketing interesting for college and was lucky that he had mapped out a path an undeclared major, I take a variety of classes, I never me is that the work has so much variety to it, so every I took all of those skills and experiences and finally for himself in surfing and photography, so I had no would have discovered Sociology. day is different. Last week, for example, consisted of struck out on my own in 2002. experience “guiding” him. When I was introduced to my writing, casting and recording three radio spots; an first mentee via Skype, we spent the first few meetings A degree in the Arts prepared me to have a curious and all day photo shoot in a grocery store; writing and I opened my own agency (which was based out of my just getting to know each other and trying to figure out open mind; to research and explore alternate ideas and designing ten different digital ads; going on a press home), Goodman Marketing Partners—a full-service what career path he wanted to pursue. But once we respect points of view that may be contrary to my check to check the colour on a printed piece; sitting marketing company. After my husband discovered a large discovered his passion, we were off and running. own. Today, my job involves working with a wide behind a one-way glass watching consumer focus meeting of more than 30 people in the living room one variety of people who all bring different perspectives groups; analyzing email open rates, click through and day, he gently suggested I rent some office space—and I treat the role as an opportunity to help guide a student to the table, so it’s apt that I am prepared to understand sales conversion results; writing a marketing proposal the rest is history. into a job that will launch their career. I’m happy to group dynamics and consensus building principles. for a new client and working with a video editor on answer questions about the marketing and advertising Plus, I know how to look at research critically, ask three product-focused videos for a tech client. And yes, I continue today as the President and Creative Director industry, my day-to-day job, or provide an overview questions and form conclusions or theories that can over the years I’ve worked with lots of “famous” people, of Goodman Marketing Partners. of the advertising and marketing landscape. But more help advance a marketing strategy. travelled to practically every state and Canadian province, importantly, I give extremely tactical advice about how spent two weeks in Hawaii on a shoot (really, really tough Throughout the course of my career I’ve discovered that What practical advice can you offer to Carleton’s to put together a solid resume and LinkedIn profile, and work!), enjoyed meals at some of the top restaurants, I have an equal balance of left brain and right brain skills. FASS students and recent grads? how to self-brand. Together we look at and evaluate stayed in luxurious hotels and been treated like royalty. I love the creative challenges involved with conceiving job opportunities, and I help my mentee research and Rarely does anyone graduate from high school, fully an idea and bringing it to life, but I also love analyzing make contact with other people who can help them land I’ve been at judge at the Direct Marketing Association prepared to make a contribution to the business world. data, and figuring out what it’s really telling me about that “perfect” job. By analyzing the profiles of their key ECHO Awards for many years, and have seen some carleton.ca/fass • 42 From left to right, Christopher (18), Carolyn, Jack (18), Peter and Robert (24).

creative work that I’ve truly coveted. I’ve also got work business; my twins. One is studying acting and ad libs in my own portfolio that I’m very proud of… like the on stage better than anyone I’ve ever seen; the other miniature Zen garden that we turned into a construction wants to study Game Design at Carleton and has An array of Goodman’s work for clients (clockwise from top left: Digital brochure for Autodesk, site and sent to executives at the top ten homebuilders already had paid game design gigs with Dell and other 3-D Direct Mail package for Barclay Global Investors, Digital Ad for Rainbow Grocery, in the U.S.; or when we sent one half of a two-way radio companies. All are tremendously creative, innovative Print Ad for Lindsay Olives, Lifestage Guides for AAA. to CFO’s and told them they’d get the other half when and hardworking, but a blast to spend time with. they met with a sales rep to talk about 401(k) plans. Both those campaigns yielded superior results for the client. The prof. who inspired me the most was actually the Advertising is such a visual medium that it’s hard to describe Senior Res Fellow in Renfrew House, Dr. Ken Hatt. Ken was a professor of Sociology at St. Patrick’s College something that’s highly creative without showing it. I am a binge TV watcher… but I tape everything and What topic do you love talking about? and I remember spending many an evening in his watch it when I have time. I enjoy a lot of British series Do you view your profession as a type of artistry? student-crowded living room debating life issues. that have quirky characters like Doc Martin, River, Given the political climate in the U.S., it’s hard not to He was a wonderful man who was very encouraging talk about politics and the embarrassment of it all. But Direct response marketing is a combination of art and Broadchurch and The Fall. of every student in the dorm, no matter what subject more often than not, the conversations with my friends science. While the science is in the ability to profile a matter they were studying. Having a structured day is the best way for me to get are about travel, our kids and the next chapter of our target audience and then use a variety of media tools everything done, so I get up at 5:30 am and swim for lives—because retirement is right around the corner! to find likely prospects, the artistry is in the strategy of Are you a binge reader or TV/movie watcher? 45 minutes (living in California has its advantages!); message and how to create a compelling unique selling If so, can you offer our FASSinate readers some I mountain bike on Saturdays and hike every Sunday Any parting words of wisdom? point that stimulates a response. I’ve seen plenty of “great” recommendations? What else do you do for fun morning before church; take boxing classes week nights; ideas fall flat because they were not executed properly. in your (likely limited) downtime? play on a co-ed softball team in the summer and try to My advice to students and grads is simple: embrace take a major trip each year. One year it was hiking in life. Find something that excites you and work hard at Who are some of your personal heroes and how do I formed a book club many years ago because I was it to be the best you can be, and I promise that you’ll be they inspire you? afraid I wasn’t finding enough time to read, and I knew Nepal to the sacred city of Lo-Manthang (founded in 1380) three years ago I hiked the West Coast Trail of rewarded with a rich and fulfilling life. Oh, and have a that if I was held to a monthly dinner meeting and little fun along with way. Many of my heroes are in my family; my husband who discussion, I would live up to my commitment! We’ve Vancouver Island with my siblings and a 50 lb. pack on also runs his own ad specialties business; my oldest son explored many wonderful books that I may not have my back; most recently it was a trip to Machu Picchu who creates surfing videos and has his own photography picked up on my own and for that, I am deeply grateful. in Peru with my husband. Next up? Who knows! carleton.ca/fass • 44 carleton.ca/fass • 45 The Surprising History of Katherine Parr’s Prayer for Henry VIII

by Jon Brownlee, Combined Honours in Humanities and English 2016

Professor Micheline White. Photo credit: Chris Roussakis Professor Micheline White of Carleton’s English The hunt for the book’s afterlife quickly yielded impressive Department and the College of the Humanities was results. White checked through some editions of the working on a research project when she made an Book of Common Prayer (BCP), the official Anglican important discovery about Katherine Parr, the sixth Prayer Book first printed in 1549, for hints of Parr’s wife of Henry VIII. Professor White was researching influence. To her astonishment, she discovered that Elizabeth Tyrwhit, one of Katherine Parr’s ladies-in-waiting, Parr’s prayer appears in the Litany in the 1559 edition when she allowed herself to be diverted from her original of the BCP, in a version that is shortened, but otherwise path of research and began to investigate Katherine identical. The prayer continued to appear in all subse- Parr’s first book, a book of prayers translated from quent editions of the BCP and in the translations of the Latin entitled Psalms or Prayers (1544). BCP into more than two hundred different languages.

“Most people who have worked on this book talk The claim that a woman’s writing could feature in about it as a literary and apolitical collection of prayers the BCP is a radical idea that has never been seriously compiled from rearranged bits of the Psalms,” she entertained. Traditional scholarship has attributed the explained. “But as I read it, I realised that it was a BCP’s contents to Thomas Cranmer, the Archbishop book of military propaganda designed to aid Henry in of Canterbury in 1549, and to other high-ranking his wars against the Scottish and the French.” Most clergymen. White’s excavation of the prayer’s important of the prayers in Parr’s book are culled from Psalms afterlife led her to do research into the prayer’s origins. that are about war and they ask for God’s help to She finally discovered the source in a book at the British vanquish England’s enemies. Library: a Latin prayer from 1541 for the Holy Roman Emperor and Henry’s military ally by the German Parr’s book ends with a prayer for Henry and this priest George Witzel. Witzel had come into contact with immediately caught White’s eye. “Depictions of Henry English diplomats at the Diet of Speyer of 1544, so it were carefully managed by his male advisors so I is easy to imagine how his book came to Henry and was surprised that Henry asked Parr to translate this Katherine’s attention. “Apparently Katherine and Henry prayer for him before he went to war,” she explained. saw the prayer for the Emperor and decided that it Upon further research on prayers for monarchs, would be a good idea to adapt it as Prayer for Henry.” White discovered that this prayer was the first long Parr’s second book contains some unattributed prayers prayer for the monarch ever published in England and White realised that one of them was also adapted with royal sponsorship. She also noted that Parr made from Witzel. So it is possible that Parr was involved fascinating modifications as she translated the prayer, in adapting Witzel’s prayer for Henry before she enhancing Henry’s masculinity and military prowess. translated it into English. Parr’s prayer for Henry was reprinted the next year at the back of her second book. That Parr was so closely involved in the circulation of this important state prayer surprised White, but the way Given these interesting discoveries, White decided to that the prayer found its way into the BCP turned out pursue Parr’s Psalm book further, and went to see some to be equally unexpected. The prayer first appeared in of its privately owned first editions. These are gift copies the BCP in June 1559, roughly six months after Queen that Henry and Parr had specially made and they were Elizabeth I came to power. This was a time of religious painstakingly hand-painted. “Just seeing these gorgeous upheaval in England, as the preceding Queen Mary had books made me realize how important this project had reinstated Catholicism, and rulers across Europe were been to Henry and Parr, and that’s when I became waiting to see whether Elizabeth would reintroduce a convinced that this prayer must have had an afterlife.”

The title page of Psalms or Prayers. Image courtesy of Wormsley Library.

carleton.ca/fass • 48 carleton.ca/fass • 49 White attributes this gradual erasure of Parr’s contri- this research in their sermons and so Parr’s and Elizabeth’s bution to the BCP partly to the deep-seated assumptions contributions to the Anglican church are becoming more that a patriarchal account of history can engender, even well-known. When the Anglican Communion News Service among fastidious historians. White’s tracing of the history ran a story on it, a thousand people were talking about of the prayer from Germany to the BCP has sparked an it on Facebook. As a scholar, I’m used to talking to other interest beyond the academic sphere, and she has had scholars, but it was so rewarding for me to see that opportunities to present her findings to the public. After people outside the academy care about this.” publishing her research in the prestigious Times Literary Supplement in April 2015, White gave a series of interviews Much of the public interest in White’s research has been about her research to the CBC, Radio-Canada, and the focused on the questions of gender bias in academia. Anglican Communion News Service. She says that the Had White skimmed through Parr’s writings assuming public’s reception of her research gave her the kind of that they were no more than “private prayer-books,” Parr’s fulfilment that academia rarely offers. prayer could have spent more decades in obscurity. White is confident that researchers will continue to “I’ve received emails from Anglicans all over the world uncover the ways that women have shaped history who have heard this prayer in their churches, but never both during the Reformation and beyond. knew about its history. Several Anglican priests have used

“I’ve received emails from Anglicans all over the world who have heard this prayer in their churches, but never knew about

The first page of Psalms or Prayers. Image courtesy of Wormsley Library. its history. Several Anglican priests have used this research in their sermons and so Parr’s and Elizabeth’s contributions to the Anglican church are becoming more well-known. When the Anglican Communion News Service ran a story on it, a thousand new Protestant BCP or not. Unfortunately there is no Given that the BCP has been in heavy circulation and is documentation about who was responsible for making still widely used in the Anglican Church after nearly 500 people were talking about it on Facebook. As a scholar, I’m used additions to the 1559 BCP. However, it has long been years, White was amazed that the details surrounding to talking to other scholars, but it was so rewarding for me to known that the Litany was the one part of the BCP Parr’s and Elizabeth’s contributions to it had not been that was not illegal under Mary and was used as soon discovered earlier. During the course of her research, see that people outside the academy care about this. as Elizabeth came to power in November 1558. This White found that earlier historians had, in fact, noticed turned out to yield a crucial clue for White, who was able a connection between the 1559 “Prayer for the Queen” to uncover a rare copy of the Litany from Elizabeth’s and the earlier “Prayer for the King.” However, these Chapel Royal during this interim period and found historians were unaware that Parr was the translator of that Parr’s prayer was included. This detail strongly the 1544 Psalm Book and that the prayer originated in suggests that Elizabeth was responsible for introducing Germany. They assumed that the prayer for Henry was Parr’s prayer into the BCP. “Elizabeth is assumed to be produced by some unknown person and was simply responsible for any new or unusual things that took appended to the back of Parr’s second book in 1545. place in her Chapel because the Dean of the Chapel “These historians do not entertain the possibility that reported directly to her.” Elizabeth had had a strong Parr was involved in the production of this prayer. As emotional attachment to Parr as a teenager, and had time goes on, Parr’s name gets erased, so that in the once translated Parr’s prayers as a gift for Henry. It recent Oxford edition of the BCP, the editor just says thus made sense for Elizabeth to turn to Parr’s prayer that the prayer first appeared in ‘books of private prayers as a way of asking her subjects to pray for her as she in 1545 and 1547.’ Parr is not mentioned by name.” assumed the throne.

carleton.ca/fass • 50 carleton.ca/fass • 51 Patricia Smart displays her medal from the Académie des lettres.

From the Nun to the Call Girl

Patricia Smart pens an award-winning book on the personal writings of Quebec women.

by Nick Ward

Chancellor’s Professor Emerita in the Department of French “Carleton’s English and French departments in the wins Gabrielle Roy Prize, the Académie des lettres medal 1970s, with professors like Robin Mathews, Parker and the Jean Éthier-Blais Prize. Duchemin, Donald Smith, Sinclair Robinson and myself, were instrumental in bringing Canadian Distinguished Research Professor and Chancellor’s literature to the forefront, and it’s gratifying to see Professor Emerita in the Department of French, Patricia that present day Carleton professors like Sara Smart, has been awarded the Prix Gabrielle Roy and Jamieson, Jody Mason, Jennifer Henderson and the Jean Éthier-Blais Prize for her latest book, De Catherine Khordoc are still playing major roles in Marie de l’Incarnation à Nelly Arcan. Se dire, se faire par developing new critical approaches to our national l’écriture intime (Éditions du Boréal). The book was also literatures,” said Smart. shortlisted for the Governor General’s Award and for Ontario’s Trillium Award. Released in 2014, Professor Smart’s De Marie de l’Incarnation à Nelly Arcan. Se dire, se faire par l’écriture Rounding off a very successful 2015, Professor Smart intime brings together a number of published and finished the year by receiving the prestigious Medal of unpublished first person accounts of the lives of Quebec Quebec’s Académie des lettres for her overall contribution women from the time of New France to the present day. to the study of Quebec literature and culture. Smart began her research with the intention of writing These accolades are a fitting endorsement of a career which a study of Quebec women’s autobiographies, but was has always been dedicated to putting English-Canadian surprised to discover that in the three centuries between and Quebec literature and language on the national agenda. Marie de l’Incarnation’s spiritual autobiography (1654)

carleton.ca/fass • 52 and Claire Martin’s memoir of her childhood, Dans who wrote a diary critical of life in Quebec as a teenager un gant de fer (1965), there had been no publicly in the 1880s; Michelle Le Normand, an early twentieth accessible autobiographies by women. century novelist whose diaries demonstrate the incredible struggle of a woman who aspired to be a writer, a wife, This striking absence of centuries’ worth of personal and a mother; and Claire Martin, whose denunciation commentary from half of the province’s population of the family, the educational system and the Church in obviously leaves an important gap in the collective the years of her childhood was an important and contro- understanding of life in Quebec. To help bridge it, versial work in the Quiet Revolution period. Smart began the monumental task of searching for correspondence and diaries by women. These are but a few examples of the many authors featured in the book, who deliver a multiplicity of perspectives “I’ve become more and more interested over the years in on the ways women experienced the strictly prescribed what literary texts can tell us about history,” said Smart. roles of wife and mother dictated by French-Canadian “What I’ve tried to do in this book is to study each of Catholicism. Smart’s presentation of these texts provides the texts in depth. I wanted the authors I was studying a new look at both the public and private history of to come to life for the reader, and that meant that I had Quebec women, from the motivations and dreams of the to take the time to really immerse myself in the work of nuns who chose to come to New France in the seventeenth each one of them. They feel like ‘my’ women now, and I century, on through to the postmodern age where, as the want their voices to be heard.” tragic writings of Nelly Arcan display, women are still severely restricted by their vulnerability to the expecta- The women featured in Smart’s book come from all tions prescribed by society. walks of Quebecois life and their personal stories raise important questions. Their voices provide a new perspective on some of the major events of Quebec political and social history. Through a new lens, “I like to think that my book De Marie de l’Incarnation à Nelly Arcan revisits the could be described as a history rebellions of 1837-1838, the cholera epidemic in Montreal and surrounding areas in the mid-nineteenth of women’s subjectivity in century, the slow beginnings of feminism and Church Quebec,” said Smart. “Through resistance to it in the early twentieth century, and the changes brought by the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s. their writings these women

The two celebrated writers named in the book’s title, express their struggle for an Marie de l’Incarnation and Nelly Arcan, are representative autonomous voice—often of the book’s great diversity. achieved through the process Marie de l’Incarnation, the founder of the Ursuline order of writing itself—and they in Quebec, was a mystic, while Nelly Arcan became a best-selling author in France and Quebec in 2001 with document the obstacles to the publication of her autobiographical text Putain (translating to “whore” or “hooker”) which tells of freedom of expression and her experiences working as a call girl while studying action that women have at the Université du Québec à Montréal. “So, through the work of two brilliant and important writers, we faced across the centuries go from one extreme to the other of the roles assigned and still face.” to women, from the nun to the prostitute,” explained Smart. “Tragically, Arcan took her own life in 2009, at the age of 36.” Find more information on Patricia Smart and De Marie Patricia Smart poses with her husband, Other authors studied include Julie Papineau who is de l’Incarnation à Nelly Arcan. Se dire, se faire par John Smart, after the awards ceremony known thanks to her forty year long correspondence l’écriture intime here: http://www.editionsboreal.qc.ca/ for the Académie des lettres. with her husband Louis-Joseph Papineau, the leader catalogue/livres/marie-incarnation-nelly-arcan-2408.html of the 1837-1838 rebellions; Henriette Dessaulles,

carleton.ca/fass • 55 Brent Bezo in Ukraine.

Psychology Grad Research: How Trauma Impacts the Descendants of Survivors

by Ashley Wenyeve

Prior to commencing his graduate studies at Carleton These observations piqued Bezo’s interest on the topic University, Brent Bezo spent five years living in Ukraine. and, once he moved back to Canada, he decided to focus While there, he was able to take in the culture and learn the on this area of study for his Master’s and now his PhD Ukrainian language, while also making a few observations. degree in Psychology.

“Of all the nations that had been part of the Soviet Union His research looks at the intergenerational transmission since the early days of its formation in the 1920s, Ukraine of trauma. He is studying how large-scale traumatic has arguably been the most successful in terms of trans- events, such as wars and genocides, cannot only impact forming into a democracy—even though that transition survivors, but also their descendants—even though is still ongoing, complex, and challenging,” said Bezo. the descendants did not directly experience the traumatic events themselves. However, he said that in other areas, Ukraine was and is not faring well—specifically in terms of physical/mental While in Ukraine, Bezo was able to conduct interviews health and health behaviour trends. “While I was living with survivors and their adult children and grandchildren in Ukraine, I started to wonder if adverse impacts of the to find out how they perceive the 1932-1933 genocide genocide were still affecting modern-day Ukraine, in of Ukrainians as it affected their lives over the decades. terms of the health data—and in other areas, as well.”

carleton.ca/fass • 57 Volodymyr’s cathedral in Kiev, Ukraine. Said Bezo: “The participants told me that the genocide can learn different perspectives and approaches, continues to impact their individual well-being, family increase my published articles and broaden my functioning, and community-society norms.” For example, graduate school experience.” the participants in his study noted that alcohol use increased after the genocide as a coping response to Second, he pointed out that the Department has a strong trauma. Successive generations, therefore, have also emphasis on research and productivity. “This was highly adopted alcohol as a coping strategy, as this behaviour evident from the very first day that I set foot at Carleton has become more widespread and acceptable. as a graduate student. I still remember this from my first Psych Department orientation.” What differentiates his research from others in the same field of study, is that trauma research typically looks Third, he said that the diversity of students in his at survivors only. He said, “My research adds to the program has helped him enormously. “I am fortunate comparatively smaller body of work that suggests that to have student colleagues who are originally from descendants of survivors may also be affected.” many areas of Canada and other parts of the world. This diversity in background and experience has Bezo decided to stay at Carleton for his PhD degree after greatly benefitted me in that my student colleagues completing his Master’s degree. are an invaluable source of feedback and support in sharing our research ideas.” “I found a perfect match, in terms of a supervisor, Dr. Stefania Maggi,” shared Bezo. “And the openness of Bezo said that his research has helped him in his many faculty members at Carleton, in terms of openness personal life because it has shown him how he reacts to new research ideas attracted me because this indicated to, and copes with, stress and challenges will likely be a creative and supportive research environment.” learned by his children and, in turn, their children.

Bezo said there are three main features about the PhD “Because, I could see intergenerational patterns in the psychology program that might interest other students. families involved in my study, this research, therefore, made me realize in a very concrete way that so much First, he noted that many diverse research agendas of what I do, even seemingly everyday life things, and talented researchers exist in the psychology depart- might impact my grandchildren and their children,” ment. “What this means for me, personally, is that I said the PhD candidate.

carleton.ca/fass • 59 An Avalanche of Success for Talented Music Grad

by Nick Ward

The title track of Avalanche, Mattson’s fifth studio extremely personal record in which I felt I took a lot release, was nominated for Video of Year for the 2016 of risks in the subject matter, but also financially Juno Awards and has won the 2016 Prism Prize Award in recording and self-releasing it.” for Best Canadian Music Video. Although he’s just 25 years old, Mattson carries himself Six months after its release, the video—which reimagines with distinguished composure and pragmatism. 35 classic album covers, from Jay-Z to Springsteen to When asked about these accolades, he responded with Wilco—has over 130,000 views on YouTube and has the confident sensibility of a cagey industry veteran. helped solidify the indie rocker as a rising star on the “It feels like a nice sort of benchmark accomplishment. Canadian national music scene. A skillfully written, Awards mean something to everyone, you don’t really upbeat track with a hint of melancholy, Avalanche have to justify it, everyone knows what it is and what it is representative of Mattson’s dexterous and means. You never go into making music with the goal impressive discography. of winning them, but when it does happen it’s a really nice surprise to be recognized for your work.” “I try not to think about genres or how to classify my music at all, I don’t think it’s helpful when making Originally from Sault Ste. Marie, Mattson came to songs,” explained Mattson. “I do think my songs are Carleton’s Music program in 2010 to refine his craft. in line with some sort of folk tradition, or Canadian “Professor Jesse Stewart had a big effect on me. I had songwriting tradition, but at the same time not stuck quite a few classes with him in my four years and he in the past, and I really try to incorporate more really expanded my view of music and composition. modern and pop production techniques in my records.” Really, I think that one of the main things university is supposed to do is just expand your thinking and The Prism Award and the Juno nomination are expose you to new things.” not Mattson’s only prominent recognitions. He was also nominated for a Polaris Music Prize in 2014 Mattson isn’t certain whether or not acquiring a university for his most recent full-length album, Someday, degree is going to make or break a songwriter’s career, The Moon Will Be Gold, which he described as “an but he does believe it helps provide musicians with

carleton.ca/fass • 61 “The biggest thing I got out of my time at Carleton was a work ethic and the knowledge of how to practise well and how to make the best use of your time practising. I use that every day.”

Kalle Mattson as Ziggy Stardust in the video for Avalanche.

“the tools to be able to do your job better—theory, ear For those aspiring artists reading this article, Mattson training, that sort of thing.” suggests, “You never know if you never try, and if you never try, you never know.” “The biggest thing I got out of my time at Carleton was a work ethic and the knowledge of how to practise well Wise advice from a young success story. and how to make the best use of your time practising. I use that every day.” Carleton’s Bachelor of Music (BMus) program now has a Singer-songwriter stream which features Mattson is currently writing and recording his related courses, research, performance and artists upcoming full-length album and is preparing to in residence working with songwriters. Carleton’s play with Canadian icon Jason Collett. Mattson BMus is the only program in Canada (and one of has a variety of tour dates and festivals for 2016, only a few in the world) to have a Singer-songwriter checkout www.kallemattson.com for details. stream. For more information, please visit: http://carleton.ca/music/

carleton.ca/fass • 63 The Quran in Context

College of the Humanities Professor teams up with distinguished scholars to author a game-changing book that interprets the Quran.

by Nick Ward

The Study Quran: A New Translation with Commentary Edited by Seyyed Hossein Nasr (Editor-in-Chief), Caner Dagli, Maria Dakake, Joseph Lumbard (General Editors), and Mohammed Rustom (Assistant Editor). New York: HarperOne, 2015: http://harperone.hc.com/studyquran/

carleton.ca/fass • 64 Professor Mohammed Rustom

An internationally recognized expert on As a member of a five-scholar team (led by world- saving them the trouble of having to consult numerous Islamic philosophy, Sufism, and the Quran, renowned authority of Islamic thought Seyyed Hossein exegetical texts when researching a particular verse or Professor Rustom’s works have been Nasr), Associate Professor in the College of the Humanities cluster of verses. At nearly one million words in length, translated into Albanian, Chinese, German, at Carleton University, Mohammed Rustom has recently the commentary on the Quran, which summarizes Italian, Persian, Spanish, and Turkish. released a groundbreaking book entitled The Study its theological, philosophical, spiritual, historical, and Currently, he is completing a book on the Quran: A New Translation with Commentary. Covered linguistic interpretations, is far more extensive than famous twelfth-century Sufi martyr ‘Ayn by CNN news on two different occasions, along with other commentary available in any European language. al-Qudat Hamadani, as well as a contemporary a number of other leading media venues throughout introduction to Islamic metaphysics. North America, The Study Quran has already sold over In addition to the commentary and a brand new, highly 40,000 copies. It is quickly becoming the standard precise and eloquent translation of the Quran, this single Professor Rustom’s writings, lectures, and teaching text in colleges and universities for courses volume also includes fifteen essays on aspects of the Quran media appearances can be accessed through on the Quran, Islam and Muslims. and its interpretive traditions by some of the leading his website: www.mohammedrustom.com scholars in the field. Essay contributors include M. A. The Study Quran is a new translation and full running S. Abdel Haleem, Ingrid Mattson, Walid Saleh, Hamza commentary on the Quran that provides a critical Yusuf, Mustafa Muhaqqiq-i Damad (a leading scholar in understanding of Islam’s sacred text by helping to Iran), and Ahmad al-Tayyib (the former Grand mufti of explain its vast layers of meaning. This project, nearly Egypt and current rector of Al-Azhar University). a decade in the making, is based on over forty classical and modern exegetical sources. Other special features of The Study Quran are its extensive topical indices and detailed topographical maps which are For Rustom, working on The Study Quran has been centered around the history of the early Muslim community. a remarkable experience: Given its comprehensive nature, Rustom believes this “It has undoubtedly deepened my appreciation of the project has the potential to do much good. commentarial tradition upon Islam’s sacred scripture. Being responsible for a portion of the commentary “In many ways, The Study Quran is both a snapshot of the in The Study Quran, which alone took several years to manner in which Muslims have historically understood complete, the project has given me a window into the the Quran, while also being a contemporary presentation seriousness and vast knowledge of the great Quran of the Quran and its interpretation. With this latter point commentators of the past.” in mind, the commentary presented in The Study Quran also has an eye on addressing a variety of pertinent The Study Quran showcases over twelve hundred years contemporary concerns. Indeed, The Study Quran is a of insights on the Quran from some of Islam’s greatest much needed, scholarly guide in a time when confusion Quranic interpreters, such as Tabari, Baghawi, Maturidi, about the Quran and Islam is still so prevalent.” Tusi, Qurtubi, Baydawi, Tabrisi, Sulami, Razi, Tusi, Qummi, Zamakhshari, Alusi, Maybudi, Kashani, As can be seen from the endorsements provided, Ibn ‘Ashur, and ‘Allama Tabataba’i. The work also scholars have been coming out in droves to express incorporates insights upon the Quran from many key their support for The Study Quran. philosophers, mystics, theologians, and poets across the board in the Islamic tradition, namely Avicenna, The Study Quran: A New Translation with Commentary was Ibn Taymiyya, Ghazali, Ibn ‘Arabi, Qadi ‘Abd al-Jabbar, released by HarperOne on November 17, 2015, with an Suhrawardi, Mulla Sadra, ‘Ayn al-Qudat, and Rumi. official book launch in Atlanta at the annual joint-meeting of the American Academy of Religion and the Society for What makes The Study Quran particularly significant Biblical Literature. There were also a number of events is that it is designed to be accessible to non-specialists related to The Study Quran which were held throughout and scholars. Non-specialists will find in this work a North America, including such venues as George helpful resource to understanding each of the Quran’s Washington University’s Media Center; Politics and Prose, verses (as well as the various debates surrounding their a major local bookstore in DC; College of the Holy Cross; interpretation); and scholars will find in the commentaries Harvard University; Georgetown University; Zaytuna effective summaries of the wide range of commentaries College; the University of Houston; Yale University; and interpretations of each Quranic verse, thereby Princeton University and the University of Toronto.

Photo credit: Giordano Ciampini carleton.ca/fass • 66 Rustom teaches by the Rideau River, Ottawa. Critical Praise for The Study Quran

“This scholarly yet accessible work speaks directly to the tensions and misunderstandings of our gravely polarized world. It should be on the shelves of libraries and universities throughout the English-speaking world. The contributors guide the reader through the intricacies of the sacred text in a way that lays bare the superficiality, selectivity and inaccuracy of some modern interpretations of the Quran at a time when this is sorely needed.”

Karen Armstrong, author of Fields of Blood

“The Study Quran could not be more timely. This “A major milestone for the study of the Qur’an. Elegantly painstaking work will do much to enlighten and inform written, the project is ambitious yet amply fulfills its the reading strategies of all who seek to understand the promise. Invaluable for anyone interested in under- Holy Writ of Islam, especially as it relates to the beliefs standing the Qur’an and essential reading for students and practices of Muslims.” of the Qur’an at all levels.”

Sherman A. Jackson, King Faisal Chair of Islamic Thought Dr. Michael Sells, Barrows Professor of the History and and Practice, The University of Southern California Literature of Islam, University of Chicago

“A work of extraordinary significance, The Study Quran makes accessible in English Islam’s sacred scripture along with an array of material necessary to appreciate the nuances of the text. An invaluable and much needed resource for understanding the Quran. A monumental accomplishment.”

Ali Asani, Professor of Indo-Muslim and Islamic Religion and Cultures and Director of the Prince Alwaleed bin Talal Islamic Studies Program, Harvard University

http://harperone.hc.com/studyquran/ A sample page from The Study Quran.

Rustom at Dow’s Lake, Ottawa. Researching a Red Market in the Digital Age

A Smithsonian archaeologist visited Carleton to speak about his work investigating the online trade of human remains on sites like Instagram.

by Nick Ward

These days, it is said that you can find anything online. “We discovered there’s a market for nearly all imaginable The research of Dr. Damien Huffer, post-doctoral fellow kinds of remains—Tibetan Buddhist paraphernalia such at the Smithsonian Institution’s Museum Conservation as drums and flutes made from human bone, mummies, Institute and Department of Anthropology, as well as so-called ‘trophy skulls,’ and World War skeletons, etc. colleagues at the University of Sydney, University of are all coveted to one degree or another. Collectors want Technology, Sydney (Australia), and the National Museum a piece of authenticated history. It really is the story that of Health and Medicine in Silver Springs, Maryland, sells the skeleton.” USA, certainly adds clout to this theory. This unethical, oft-times shocking commodification of Huffer, who visited Carleton in October 2015 (sponsored the dead is heavily sanctioned around the world, but, by the Department of History and the Institute of because there is little legal cohesion from country to Comparative Studies in Literature, Art and Culture), country, there are some problematic loopholes in the has been collaboratively researching the illicit trade in enforcement of laws curtailing the illicit aspects of this ethnographic and archeological human remains through trade. Consequently, many sellers have become quite online platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and eBay. resourceful in finding methods to move their products, and as demonstrated in Huffer and a colleague’s research, The practice of purchasing and selling the physical hiding in plain sight seems to be one of their preferred remains of those who have passed is but a subset of deceptions. In their recently released paper, The Mainly a much larger global emporium of the human body Nameless and Faceless Dead: An Exploratory Study of the known as the “red market.” The red market includes the Illicit Traffic in Archaeological and Ethnographic Human sale of everything from human blood, organs and tissues Remains, the scholars depict a multitude of instances to the trafficking of living human beings. Though there where sellers have created online markets through the is a significant amount of academic study and effort put use of popular social websites like eBay, in addition to towards understanding the illegal channels of commerce galleries and auction houses with a more public face. used to buy and sell rare antiquities, Huffer explained Considering the vastness of the internet, conducting that much less is known about the shadowy trade of the investigative work necessary to track and record the dead that exists within today’s red market: these occurrences took a great deal of time and concerted effort. This work has since expanded to Instagram, “Professor Duncan Chappell (a lawyer and criminologist an unexpected marketplace. from the University of Sydney, Australia) and I found there was a gap in the literature investigating this private “My colleagues and I would often find ourselves lost trade in all types of human remains, so we began to down eBay and Instagram rabbit holes. We came to combine our divergent, but complimentary skill sets understand that sellers would introduce their auctions to find out more.” Dayak carved trophy skull. Image courtesy of a US gallery carleton.ca/fass • 72 Antique decorated kangling (A flute made from human femora and tibiae). Image courtesy of a US gallery

online, but would finish the sale offline. There is so much Graham also pointed out that Huffer’s work confronts the data to analyze and the sellers are crafty. They can make increasingly pervasive reality that many of our historical it rather challenging to follow their paths,” said Huffer. artefacts and symbols are being destroyed for completely illegitimate reasons. “Damien’s research sheds light on Unfortunately, many of these sites rely very heavily a trade that is destroying our communal world heritage. on self-reporting from vigilant citizens and thus, they By fighting this trade, his research restores a measure don’t police this phenomenon efficiently or effectively. of dignity to the dead.” Alleged Huari trophy skull. Image coutesy of a German auction house As exemplified by Huffer’s work, when archeology and the During his visit, Huffer expanded on the illicit trade in internet collide, a lot of new and important questions begin human remains and his collaborative work researching popping up. Professor Shawn Graham of the Department the murky regions of the internet. He also addressed of History and member of the Collaborative MA in the realities of conducting archaeological work in the Digital Humanities, who was instrumental in bringing online age. Huffer delivered a prudent and empowering Dr. Huffer’s visit was one example of the great FASS research uses stable isotope geochemistry to investigate Huffer to CU, believes this type of scrutiny is vital for a message to the Carleton community. events that occur almost everyday at Carleton University. diet and movement over a lifespan, at the community variety of reasons. “Damien’s work sits at the intersection level, and over time; most recently using museum of archaeology and the digital humanities in that it “I hope I helped explain that anyone can do the type If you’d like to be notified of such events, please collections from Jordan and Bahrain. He has been uncovers ways in which social media has real impact on of research I’m doing. The good thing about the subscribe to the the FASS newsletter by visiting: involved in excavations around the world, from Vietnam the ground in the communities he works with. ‘Digital’ internet is that it is available to anyone, and simply http://carleton.ca/fass/news/. to Arizona, Polynesia to Australia. He also actively sometimes is imagined as existing ‘somewhere else’— put, we need more eyes watching this problem. researches and tirelessly advocates for the documentation but what Damien’s research shows is that the digital There are a lot of terrible things occurring that we Dr. Damien Huffer is a postdoctoral fellow at the and exposure of the illegal antiquities trade. and the material are horribly intertwined. There is no can all help monitor,” said Huffer. Smithsonian’s Museum Conservation Institute and ‘virtual world’. There’s just this one!” department of physical anthropology. His current carleton.ca/fass • 74 carleton.ca/fass • 75 Forensic Psychology: Coming to a Computer Near You

A program unlike any other.

carleton.ca/fass • 76 Are you interested in delving into the minds of psycho- and legislation), victim services, police psychology, and Professor Joanna Pozzulo, paths or learning about lie detectors? Do you want to the design, and the delivery and evaluation of prevention Chair of the Department of Psychology know how and what police are able to remember after and treatment programs for youth and adult offenders. a critical incident? Or, what are the most effective treatment programs to reduce offending? If so, you In addition to Introduction to Forensic Psychology, both will be delighted to learn that the study of Forensic Criminal Behaviour (PSYC 3402), and Police Psychology Psychology at Carleton University has gone online. (PSYC 4402) will become available online in 2017 and more online Forensic Psychology course options will With a variety of new web-based courses in a program be coming in 2018. unlike any other, Carleton students are able to learn about the application of psychology pertaining to the In recent years, the Department of Psychology has put justice system from the comfort of their own personal a great deal of effort towards their online coursework. crime labs...or bedrooms. “We want the experience of taking an online course to be Forensic Psychology at Carleton University has twenty comparable to taking it ‘live,’” explained Pozzulo. “The years of impressive experience. Faculty have collaborated Department of Psychology has established an ‘Online with the FBI, the RCMP, the National Parole Board, The Committee’ to ensure that we are using best practices Singapore Prison Service, and many civic police units. for online learning and that the learning objectives and outcomes are the same between our online Forensic Psychology courses are some of the most in and live versions.” demand classes at Carleton, and one of the Department of Psychology’s largest areas of research. In fact, the Through these Forensic Psychology courses, students Introduction to Forensic Psychology course (PSYC 2400), will achieve an understanding of the application of which is now available as an online course, typically psychology to the justice/legal system and an expertise boasts upwards of a thousand students, making it to design and evaluate research in the field. They will Psychology’s second most popular course after also acquire the communication and consultation skills Introductory Psychology (PSYC 1001 which also necessary to express and apply findings to diverse happens to be available online). groups in a variety of settings.

“Keeping up with the demand for our Introduction Students will be taught by some of the most revered to Forensic Psychology course has been a struggle,” Forensic Psychology faculty with international said Professor Joanna Pozzulo, Chair of the Department reputations who conduct their research under the of Psychology. “Due to its popularity, we’ve had umbrella of the Forensic Psychology Research Centre issues finding enough instructors and classrooms to (FPRC) at Carleton University. Faculty at Carleton accommodate upwards of a thousand and more students. working in this area include:

“But now, with an online version launched for the first Dr. Joanna Pozzulo, Chair of the Department of time in Winter 2016, we are able to provide a way for Psychology, strives to understand how memory works an unlimited number of students with an interest in the in the applied context of witnessing crime as a function criminal justice system, from a psychological perspective, of age. On an applied level, Dr. Pozzulo is interested in to take the course. This is just one of several new online developing appropriate police procedures to be used courses (e.g., Organizational Psychology, PSYC 2801 with child witnesses. As a secondary line of research, she and Sports Psychology PSYC 3301) we have added to ventures into understanding how identification testimony our foundation of Introduction to Psychology in order in combination with other types of evidence influences to give students options.” jury decision-making. Dr. Pozzulo teaches a first-year seminar examining psychology and the criminal justice Generally, the study of Forensic Psychology features the system (FYSM1307). empirical and theoretical analysis of criminal behaviour, correctional psychology (including institutional and Dr. Craig Bennell, who works closely with the Ottawa community corrections), psychology and law (including, Police and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police explores sentencing, eyewitness testimony, jury decision making, how psychology can contribute to various police activities.

carleton.ca/fass • 78 Dr. Bennell teaches Police Psychology (PSYC 4402) and parole decision-making, with an emphasis on models Introduction to Forensic Psychology (PSYC 2400). to improve standardization and research regarding accuracy. The latter work encompasses assessment of Dr. Shelley Brown, has a current program of research treatment readiness and treatment needs; measurement dedicated to understanding female offending using of programming gains; and pathways to desistance; integrated approaches. Dr. Brown teaches Criminal all with a view to understanding differential outcomes. Behavior (PSYC4402) and a Female Offenders Dr. Serin teaches Criminal Behaviour (PSYC 3402). course (PSYC 4404). Dr. Julie Blais, who is the Department of Psychology’s Susanne M. Klausen’s Dr. Adelle Forth, assesses and researches the psycho- newest faculty member, is interested in research on the pathic personality and prediction of general and violent development and appropriate use of risk assessment recidivism. Dr. Forth teaches Introduction to Forensic scales and integrating research and practice more effec- Groundbreaking New Book Psychology (PSYC 2400). tively. As a second line of research, she also is interested in the specific use of psychopathy within the Criminal Dr. Kevin Nunes, works on the conceptualization and Justice System and the underlying assumptions that Examines Abortion Under measurement of cognitions (e.g., attitudes, stereotypes, explain the increased use of psychopathy. Dr. Blais beliefs, expectancies, etc.) thought to be relevant to teaches a first year seminar on psychology and sexual and nonsexual violent behavior, and the role Apartheid in South Africa criminal justice (FYSM 1307). these cognitions may play in violent behaviour, such as rape, child molestation, and nonsexual violence. His by Nick Ward main goal is to contribute to scientific knowledge about the causes of violence, which is the foundation of As Forensic Psychology continues to grow as an effective and efficient assessment and intervention in demand discipline, the Department of Psychology aimed at managing and reducing violence. Dr. Nunes aspires to answer these calls by offering a diversity teaches an Honours Seminar in Forensic Psychology of educational options. The Department of History’s Susanne M. Klausen has attempting to control the bodies, sexuality, and fertility (PSYC3400) and a Sex Offenders course (PSYC 4404). recently released a groundbreaking book titled Abortion of women,” said Klausen. “Looking down the road, we have an eye toward Under Apartheid: Nationalism, Sexuality, and Women’s Dr. Ralph Serin, looks at the interface between being able to offer a suite of online courses in the Reproductive Rights in South Africa published by Oxford Klausen has long advocated for women’s reproductive psychology and criminal justice. His research domain of forensic psychology that may lead to a University Press. Klausen’s new book comprehensively justice, but this fight came late to South Africa. Klausen’s interests focus on decision-making and correctional stand alone certificate that would be available to examines how the ruling Afrikaner National Party introduction to the struggle for abortion rights dates programming. The former considers correctional and students anywhere,” said Pozzulo. attempted to regulate women’s reproductive sexuality back to her time as a student activist and member of the under apartheid (1948-1990) and chronicles the Canadian national reproductive rights movement when extreme lengths to which women facing unwanted she was an undergrad at the University of Victoria. pregnancy would go to control their destinies. In 1988, the Supreme Court of Canada struck down the Learn more about Forensic Psychology at Carleton University: https://car- Abortion Under Apartheid is the product of ten years abortion law as unconstitutional. When Brian Mulroney’s of research by Klausen. The scholarship exposes the Progressive Conservative Government attempted to leton.ca/psychology/research/forensic/ horrific and often tragic conditions faced by pregnant reintroduce abortion legislation soon after, Klausen girls and women of all races and ages during apartheid; joined the movement that sought to keep abortion out Watch a video on Forensic Psychology at Carleton University: a time when abortion was criminalized and deemed of the criminal code. http://carleton.ca/fass/2016/forensic-psychology-course/ socially abhorrent by the National Party whose principal concern was preserving the existing “Throwing myself into this national struggle was a system of white supremacy. real baptism by fire. It was daunting, but we succeeded and the legislation was thwarted. Winning a political struggle is so inspiring and I look back on those days The Department of Psychology offers two other new online courses: “Sexuality under apartheid remains understudied,” explained Klausen, a historian who strongly self- as a profoundly formative period in my thinking Organizational Psychology: identifies as a feminist. about the politics of fertility and reproduction.” http://carleton.ca/psychology/research/research-areas/organizational/ In fact, Abortion Under Apartheid is the first full-length Influenced by those events, Klausen’s first published historical study of abortion in South Africa, or in academic study examined clandestine abortion in Sports Psychology: http://carleton.ca/psychology/psyc-3301-c-sports- any African country. British Columbia in the 1930s. and-performance-psychology/ “The book exposes yet another way the state dehumanized South Africans with their harmful laws, this time by carleton.ca/fass • 81 Klausen built upon this political experience by becoming Emblematic of the fragmented realities of apartheid, an AIDS activist, joining the board of AIDS Vancouver Klausen uncovered the racially disparate experiences of Island, in the early 1990s. At the time, Africa wasn’t on white and black women who intrepidly sought illegal Klausen’s radar. This changed when she was selected as abortions under National Party rule. the Canadian delegate to an international conference on youth and AIDS in Namibia in 1994. “Many girls and women, especially black women, were forced to turn to clandestine abortionists for “It was an amazing, exhilarating time. I ended up hitch- help. These back-alley practitioners would often use hiking around Namibia after the conference and was so dangerous, sometimes deadly, methods to try and impressed by the warmth of Namibians and fell in love terminate pregnancies,” said Klausen. with the region. It was 1994 and apartheid was ending, so it was a fantastic, exciting, historic time to be introduced Based on hospital and court records, archives of groups to Southern Africa and I was just absolutely swept away like the Abortion Reform Action Group, and the inter- by the experience.” views she conducted, Klausen estimates that hundreds of thousands of women (most black) procured illegal Klausen decided to maintain her thematic focus as a abortions each year during the apartheid era, many scholar on the politics of fertility and reproduction which resulted in lifelong physical impairments or while shifting her regional focus to Southern Africa. excruciating death. Not long after, while completing her PhD at Queens University, she discovered that there was little scholar- One widely reported example of a young woman who ship on the history of abortion under apartheid in died from a botched abortion is Iris Phuthini, a beautiful South Africa. With this, she started a decade-long rising star of the stage and up-and-coming model who research journey that began with a book on the politics died at King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban in 1972 of birth control in South Africa titled, Race, Maternity, and the Politics of Birth Control on South Africa. Her But the regime was only interested in ending the practice research journey has most recently culminated in the of white girls procuring illegal abortions, becoming newly released Abortion Under Apartheid. alarmed by what it perceived to be the declining moral values of unmarried white girls who were having Klausen did a tremendous amount of archival work for pre-marital sex. The regime believed instances of white the book, speaking with numerous people who in one way girls getting pregnant out of wedlock signaled declining or another were affected by the criminalization of abortion. “white purity.” It responded by implementing a strategy She interviewed several women who had become pregnant of putting medical professionals, who had helped these and subsequently fell victim—in a myriad of ways—to the girls and women, on trial alongside their patients. harsh apartheid laws. Conversely, the government never exhibited any She also had numerous discussions with doctors and concern for the health or lives of the black girls and untrained abortionists who performed illegal abortions, women who were forced to turn to the clandestine and with doctors who helped women and girls who were abortion industry. living with the ramifications of bungled procedures. Klausen’s research has made Abortion Under Apartheid For white women, the long, patriarchal arm of the a vivid account of what it meant to face unwanted National Party government used public shaming pregnancy during the era of apartheid.

“The book exposes yet another way the state dehumanized South Africans with their harmful laws, this time by attempting to control the bodies, sexuality, and fertility of women”

carleton.ca/fass • 82 carleton.ca/fass • 83 Professor Susanne M. Klausen.

An artist’s depiction of the prosecution of Dr. Derek Crichton and James Watts in South African Supreme Court for procuring abortions on white teenage girls. The image of the young woman testifying—her clothing and stance—suggests a sexually ‘promiscuous’ temperament. Published in Sunday Tribune, November 26, 1972. Though Abortion Under Apartheid is rife with tragedy, “For a long time race and class dominated the concerns the book is ultimately an important study of how of historians writing about South Africa, but sexism human beings can triumph over dire circumstances. and the oppression of sexual minorities also need to be scrutinized as major features of society in both apartheid “Countless girls and women circumvented the law and and post-apartheid South Africa.” disobeyed the injunctions of patriarchal religious institu- as a primary method of punishment for those who an example for other doctors sympathetic to women’s tions and public leaders: in doing so, they demonstrated had an illegal abortion. plight. He was prosecuted along with James Watts, an tremendous courage and agency.” untrained, but safe and careful abortionist with whom In what Klausen calls “voyeuristic sex spectacles,” white Crichton collaborated. Although many women were harmed, many more Abortion Under Apartheid: Nationalism, women were forced to testify in return for immunity were successful in their attempts to defy the law. Sexuality, and Women’s Reproductive Rights from prosecution at the trials of a number of abortionists Klausen met with Crichton and his wife Susan in South Africa – News and Notes in the early 1970s. They were asked for details about Pohl-Crichton (who stood by him during the trial) Today, post-apartheid South Africa boasts one of the their bodies and abortions in front of galleries filled with and James Watts. Klausen also interviewed the most progressive abortion legislature in the world. Klausen was the William Evans Fellow for February onlookers from all walks of life, who would dress up for primary police officer tasked with arresting Crichton, The 1996 Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act and March of 2016 in the History Department at the the occasion as though they were attending the theatre. Dan Matthee. Matthee confirmed that the government allows for abortion on demand during the first trimester University of Otago in New Zealand where she lectured Meanwhile, journalists covered the trials enthusiastically, wanted Crichton arrested and prosecuted at almost any and within limits during the second trimester. Yet, this on Abortion Under Apartheid: Nationalism, Sexuality, and writing widely circulated, sensational articles for both cost. Despite the immense pressure on Crichton, he doesn’t mean that the country is without challenges Women’s Reproductive Rights in South Africa as well as her national and local publications. refused to express any regret at helping young white when it comes to women’s rights. Klausen is alarmed current research on the criminalization of interracial women safely terminate unwanted pregnancies, about the stigma that continues to be attached to sex in South Africa during apartheid, and took part in a “This was a deeply humiliating process. Women were even though, he was convicted and his medical career abortion and the problematic politics of reproduction variety of other events. forced to go into detail about the experience of the abortion, was irreparably damaged as a consequence. and sexuality in a society that is still deeply affected how they became pregnant, and discuss their bodies in by patriarchal ideals and practices. Klausen delivered the Nelson Mandela Lecture titled public. This struck terror into the hearts of white girls The trial of Crichton and Watts is of the many stories “From Rights to Justice: The Ongoing Struggle For and women across the country,” said Klausen. in Abortion Under Apartheid that highlights human “I still have great concern about the status of women Reproductive Freedom in Post-Apartheid South Africa” for resiliency and people’s refusal to bow before the unjust and their rights in South Africa. Despite some very Wilfred Laurier University’s Tshepo Institute for the As detailed in Abortion Under Apartheid, gynaecologist laws of the state. important gains by feminists and advocates of women’s Study of Contemporary Africa in January of 2016. Dr. Derk Crichton’s prosecution in 1972 is a particularly health and rights, the statistics on the rape of women infamous case. Crichton was an eminent doctor and “One woman unabashedly refused to cooperate during and children, violence against women, and murder academic, as well as an outspoken advocate of “abortion the trial, claiming she had no recollection of details or of women, often by intimate partners, are extremely on demand” who performed abortions on teenage and events about which she was asked, angering Crichton’s disturbing. Women and girls continue to fight a major unmarried young white women in 1960 and the early lawyer mightily in the process.” battle against oppression in South Africa.” 1970s. He was targeted by the authorities and made as

carleton.ca/fass • 84 carleton.ca/fass • 85 Frances Brooke’s The History of Emily Montague (first published 1769), edited for the Centre for Editing Early Canadian Texts by Mary Jane Edwards (1985).

Can Lit at Carleton

by Jody Mason, Associate Professor, Department of English

Carleton University is fast approaching its seventy-fifth Studies. The contributions of this program to the larger anniversary: it’s a good time for all of us to recall the many field of Canadian Studies are innumerable, and it helps ways in which this university’s contributions have shaped to narrow the lens a little—to look, for instance, at the the communities around it. One of the key areas in which way that the early study of Canadian Literatures was faculty members in the arts and social sciences have nourished here at Carleton. assumed a leading national role is in the development of the once nascent field of Canadian literary studies. To take but one example generated by our narrowing, the M.A. in Canadian Studies played an important role Canadian authors of fiction now enjoy a global recognition in shaping the first generation of academics to devote that has grown exponentially in the wake of Michael their careers to the study of Canadian Literatures. Ondaatje’s 1992 Booker Prize for his novel The English Moreover, many of the research and cultural initiatives Patient. Yet Can Lit did not always have the legitimacy nurtured within both Canadian Studies and by affiliated of an academic field. As University of New Brunswick faculty in the Department of English during the 1960s, professor Desmond Pacey recounted in a 1973 article on 70s, and 80s are recognized as indispensable to the the rise of Canadian literary study, the inaugural 1952 emergence of Canadian literary studies. Toronto gathering of the Association for Canadian University Teachers of English hosted one of the first In the Department of English, we recognize Munro Beattie, conference sessions devoted to Canadian literature. first Chair of English and an important contributor to The conference’s organizer, A.S.P. Woodhouse, the country’s first national literary history, and George lamented the lack of audience members for the Johnston, a well-known Canadian poet and professor in sessions on British literatures: the Department of English, with, respectively, an annual lecture and an annual poetry award. Yet other figures “Two centuries of English literature—and only a and projects key to the emergence of Canadian literary handful of people. And on the other hand Canadian studies are not so visible. literature (said in a tone of supreme disdain)—and just look at the mob!” For example, the Carleton Library Series, initiated by Professor of English R.L. McDougall in the 1950s, is Faculty at Carleton were key players in the emergence the most enduring reprint series of titles devoted to of this “mob” during the latter half of the twentieth Canadian history; like its literary complement, the New century: Carleton was the first university in the country Canadian Library, the Carleton Library Series enabled to establish an Institute of Canadian Studies (1957) and the expansion of undergraduate and graduate teaching also the first in the nation to offer an M.A. in Canadian on Canadian topics in the newly expanding universities

carleton.ca/fass • 87 As Léa V. Usin’s article “‘A Local Habitation and a Name’: Of course, much of this activity was fuelled by the Ottawa’s Great Canadian Theatre Company” points out, nationalism of the 1970s, which prompted some Carleton’s Department of English was also involved scholars in Carleton’s Department of English to let at the grassroots level in nurturing original Canadian their training in British literatures simmer while they theatre. Dissatisfied with the lack of original Canadian tended the newly bubbling pot of Canadian literary theatre on campus, a group of professors and graduate study. In some cases, this nationalism took inspiration students at Carleton University—Bill Law, Robin Mathews, from the New Left and the anti-American sentiments of Greg Reid and Lois Shannon—decided in the mid-1970s the day. Robin Mathews, a Professor in the Department to stage Mathews’s play A Woman Is Dying. This group, of English during the 1970s and early 1980s, used his joined by Professor Emeritus of English Larry MacDonald, monographs The Struggle for Canadian Universities founded the Great Canadian Theatre Company in 1975, (1969; co-edited with James Steele) and Canadian financing the first season with six thousand dollars of Literature: Surrender or Revolution (1978) to call, their own money. The Great Canadian Theatre Company among other things, for the preferential hiring of was one of many independent, politically engaged, Canadian candidates in the nation’s universities, an nationalist theatres established across Canada during argument that has been adopted in theory, if not the 1970s. Like so many of its contemporaries in what always in practice at universities across the country. is sometimes called the “alternative theatre movement,” it was initially run on conviction and volunteer labour, The study of Canadian Literatures retains a key place rather than large budgets. Before a permanent home in the English undergraduate curriculum at Carleton; was established in a renovated industrial garage on indeed, Carleton is one of the few universities in the Gladstone Avenue in 1982, the theatre company per- country to retain a requirement obliging undergraduate formed on campus, at the Old Firehall, and at various students to study the literatures of Canada. The field has other locations in Ottawa. Since 2007, the theatre has changed in many ways since the 1970s—critiques of its been housed in the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre at nationalist raison d’être have transformed it, for example, Members of the CEECT team in the 1980’s: (from left) George Parker, Michael Peterman, Mary Jane Edwards. Holland and Wellington Streets, where it continues to to the extent that Carleton’s CanLit syllabi now look Published with the permission of Mary Jane Edwards. support original Canadian theatre. quite different than they did forty years ago. Nevertheless, the study of local, regional, and national cultures in Canada continues to offer Carleton students a means of considering their own particular and situated engagement with of postwar Canada. Initially published by McClelland print in the late 1970s, when the project was conceived, the global forces that shape their everyday lives. & Stewart, and then after 1981 by the university’s own the field of scholarly editing had made very little impact Carleton University Press, which was established by on Canadian literary studies. Lack of availability and Professor Emeritus of English Michael Gnarowski, the abridgement were common problems that made teaching series is now published by McGill-Queen’s University in this area difficult, if not impossible. CEECT remedied Press and keeps important titles such as George this problem with scholarly editions of titles such Grant’s Lament for a Nation and Richard J. Preston’s as Thomas Chandler Haliburton’s bestselling nine- CreeNarrative in print. teenth-century satire The Clockmaker, Susanna Moodie’s Roughing It In the Bush, and the novel often claimed as From 1979 to 2012, Carleton also hosted the Centre for Canada’s “first,” Frances Brooke’s The History of Emily Editing Early Canadian Texts (CEECT), an essential Montague (published originally in 1769). Eleven of these effort in the creation of undergraduate and graduate editions were published by Carleton University Press; courses in early Canadian Literatures. Established by the twelfth, and last, William Kirby’s historical romance Distinguished Research Professor Mary Jane Edwards Le Chien d’or / The Golden Dog: A Legend of Quebec, was (who also served as general editor of the series) and published by McGill-Queen’s University Press, through Robert G. Laird, R.L. McDougall, S.F. Wise, and J. Jeremy which all the CEECT editions are still available. Of the Palin (and later joined by Michael Gnarowski, James series, Professor Edwards notes that “one of the most Johnston, John A. Stewart, and D. Roland Thomas), the interesting achievements of CEECT was the way in which centre was unique from other literary projects in that it we integrated into our research progam over ninety was the first in Canada dedicated to the preparation of graduate and undergraduate students in Canadian scholarly editions of early English-Canadian prose. Studies, Computing Science, English, and History.” Not only were there few early Canadian literary titles in

carleton.ca/fass • 88 carleton.ca/fass • 89 Erin Shields: Carleton English Student and Killam Fellow at Smith College Shields in Horseshoe Bay, Vancouver. by Kurt Grunsky, Honours English 2017

the College President’s house, in some instances even One of the biggest differences she has noticed between Carleton English student Erin Shields was awarded more difficult than she had anticipated, and she credits protesting the lack of a fall break day. This is Canada and the U.S. is the degree to which one’s identity the prestigious Killam Undergraduate Fellowship the English Department and her professors probably what led Erin to characterize her fellow is tied to one’s alma mater. Americans appear to be more this year, which gave her the opportunity to study for a for their support throughout the bureaucratic hurdles students at Smith as “very vocal about their needs,” closely connected to their colleges, from what Erin has semester at Smith College in the United States. The she had to overcome. Erin says that it was during the and she contemplates bringing back some of this seen, possibly because it is a marker of social status. Killam Fellowship is a Canada-U.S. program that application period that she began to think that, despite students-first attitude to Carleton. Erin was also She likens it to “the same kind of difference one might allows top undergraduates from either country to her worrying, she might have something like “a excited when she learned that Sylvia Plath was one find in the patriotism of a Canadian versus an American.” study in the other for a semester or two. It aims parachute strapped to her back.” of the college’s alumnae. It was not only excitement Another important difference appears to be the “distinct to foster better understanding between the two about the literary prestige of the famous poet; Plath lack of Native American presence or acknowledgement” countries. Erin describes her decision to apply for the The idea of studying in the U.S. appealed to Erin because holds a personal significance to Erin, who says in the course offerings and amongst her Smith peers, scholarship as a “leap,” comparable to the thrilling she thought attending an American college might offer that Plath’s The Bell Jar served as a lifeline during even as other important race-related issues were widely sensation of skydiving. Reflecting back on when she a very different experience than she was getting at difficult personal times. discussed, both academically and socially. first found out about the Killam, Erin remembers Carleton. “There is kind of an aura to College in the dreaming about the opportunity, but thinking that U.S. that I don’t think is the same in Canada.” So far, she wouldn’t have a chance. As she has since learned, she feels she has learned a lot observing the differences the “leap” paid off: “Freefall is glorious.” between Carleton and Smith. Founded in 1871, Smith is one of the most important women’s colleges in the “As arts majors, we feel the need to prove our practicality, Erin’s application to the Fellowship’s Direct Exchange U.S. “It’s so old and so moneyed, but it’s also a very Program was not without challenges. “I came to it with feminist-leaning women’s college,” Erin noted. She prove that what we are doing is worthwhile” Erin writes. the naïve expectation that it should be straightforward,” refers to Smith as a “small, passionately idealistic and she recounts. Yet, the application process proved to be fiery colony.” The students often demonstrated outside

carleton.ca/fass • 90 carleton.ca/fass • 91 Additionally, she finds that students at Smith aren’t “As arts majors, we feel the need to prove our practicality, FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES MAGAZINE necessarily all that knowledgeable on the subject of prove that what we are doing is worthwhile,” Erin Canada; they seem to have only a “hazy impression wrote. She remembers a quote from Margaret Mead of us as cold socialists, or they have an excited, strangely asserting that “an Arts degree teaches you how to think, idealistic notion of who we are.” She wonders if some instead of what to think.” This isn’t an entirely new idea: Editorial Advisory Board We are FASS Americans might be romanticizing Canada as a sort Immanuel Kant defined the Enlightenment as “having of Arcadian refuge from their own politics; she is the courage to use your own understanding.” It is, Dean, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (Interim): Carleton University Art Gallery Catherine Khordoc ([email protected]) conflicted on how to feel about that possibility, “stuck however, an enduring idea, as current discussions Centre for Initiatives in Education between a feeling of overwhelming pride and an urge to illustrate. Erin added that “studying literature in Associate Dean (Curriculum, Programs and Planning): College of the Humanities (Greek and Roman Studies, and Religion) Sukeshi Kamra ([email protected]) walk around with Canadian newspapers, saying...‘Just particular has been a constant and demanding Department of English Language and Literature look at all of our bad things!’” Whereas Canadians tend exercise in perspective,” which is precisely what Associate Dean (Research and Graduate Studies): Department of French to stay informed about American political issues, Erin she feels that being an arts major teaches. This Mike Brklacich ([email protected]) Department of Geography and Environmental Studies couldn’t help but notice that she was the only student sort of cross-cultural communication is exemplified Associate Dean (Student Affairs): Department of History at Smith watching the results of our recent election. both in her studies at Smith and on other levels, be Susan Whitney ([email protected]) they local, national, or international. “Sometimes it’s Department of Philosophy Editor, FASSinate and Communications Officer, FASS: Erin wasn’t always an English major, and she recalls the uncomfortable,” she admitted. Her time at Smith has Department of Psychology Nick Ward ([email protected]) feeling of making a similar “leap” when transferring to exposed her to some strange points of disconnect Department of Sociology and Anthropology Senior Development Officer: English from another program. She remembers being a between Canada and the U.S. However, while Erin Institute for Cognitive Science little shy in her initial, discussion heavy classes. She felt Anastazia Krneta ([email protected]) may have been alone in watching the Canadian federal Institute for Comparative Studies in Literature, Art and Culture that English provided her with a setting where she could elections at Smith, she was not alone in the course she Web Content Administrator: Institute of African Studies express her ideas. What else does Erin find so compelling took there on Canadian author and Nobel laureate Alice Patricia Saravesi ([email protected]) about English? “I think literature teaches us to dive into Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Munro. She reflected on how Munro’s stories have the Newsletter Mission Statement another world, into someone else’s head, to feel empathy ability to articulate feelings and thoughts that she had FASSinate is published for the alumni, faculty, staff, friends Pauline Jewett Institute of Women’s and Gender Studies and to learn about ourselves through analogy and previously felt inexpressible. Studying this powerful and partners of the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. School of Canadian Studies contrast,” she observed. This ability to take up residence The newsletter is intended to communicate the Faculty’s Canadian writer in another country gave her what goals, strategic direction and activities in order to connect School of Linguistics and Language Studies in multiple perspectives has proven invaluable to Erin; she describes as a sort of “bone-deep relief,” taking alumni to each other and the university. School for Studies in Art and Culture (Art History, Film Studies, Music) she employed it in writing her statement for the Killam comfort from an idea of “home” that she hadn’t application on Canada/U.S. relations and has found it to previously identified with or thought she needed. be an integral part of her education.

! We want to hear from you! Over the course of the semester, Erin has been collecting and publishing Your input and feedback are important to us. If you would like to submit a letter to the editor, her experiences at Smith on her blog for Carleton’s English Department or story ideas, send an email to [email protected]. (http://carleton.ca/english/life-english-undergraduate/life-english-student-blogs/ welcome-to-erins-blog/). FASS is on Twitter!

Follow @CU_FASS to keep in touch with all things Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. From interesting student, faculty and alumni stories to must-attend FASS events—If it’s FASS related (and maybe even if it isn’t), we Tweet about it! Connect with FASS by following @CU_FASS!

The Department of University Advancement protects your personal information. It is used by the university to inform you about programming, events and offers from our affinity partners, to communicate Carleton news, and for fundraising purposes. To update your name or address or stop mail, please contact advancement services at 1-800-461-8972.

carleton.ca/fass • 92 Hey FASS Friends!

We’d love to CU in the City in 2016

Four years into the series’ run, CU in the City lectures Here are some examples of recent are becoming a cherished Faculty of Arts and Social CU in the City events: Sciences custom. “Why we Find Things Interesting” Occurring multiple times a year at interesting and (Arts & Letters Club, Toronto) by Jim Davies, diverse venues, CU in the City is a popular series Institute of Cognitive Science of talks that share invigorating FASS research in communities across Canada. Each CU in the City “Selling the Body: Morality and the Market” event features a Carleton faculty member discussing (m0851 Boutique, Ottawa) by Vida Panitch, a thought-provoking and accessible topic. Department of Philosophy

Each of these lectures is almost entirely unique, although “Under the Influence: How Labatt and its Allies they do share a few important qualities—all events Brewed up a Nation of Beer Drinkers” happen outside the confines of the Carleton campus, (Bowman’s Bar and Grill, Ottawa) by Matthew Bellamy, refreshments are always served, and an interactive Department of History question and answer session follows each lecture. “Selling the Body: Morality and the Market” The CU in the City lecture series provides opportunities (Gladstone Hotel, Toronto) by Vida Panitch, for FASS faculty, students, alumni, and community mem- Department of Philosophy bers to engage with one another in an off-campus setting.

Keep your eyes peeled to the FASS Events website (http://carleton.ca/fass/fass-events/) for upcoming CU in the City events (and many other invigorating and constructive FASS events). CARLETON UNIVERSITY | FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES MAGAZINE | 2016

Thanks for reading.

FSC Label – Portrait Artwork Matrix

FSC Label Artwork FSC_Labels_English FSC_Labels_Portrait

FSC_Labels_PPC FSC_Labels_PNC FSC_Labels_PPBW FSC_Labels_PNBW Portrait / Positive / Colour (PPC) Portrait / Negative / Colour (PNC) Portrait / Positive / Black & White (PPBW) Portrait / Negative / Black & White (PNBW)

FSC_100_PPC.EPS FSC_100_PNC.EPS FSC_100_PPBW.EPS FSC_100_PNBW.EPS FSC_100_PPC.JPG FSC_100_PNC.JPG FSC_100_PPBW.JPG FSC_100_PNBW.JPG FSC_100_PPC.TIF FSC_100_PNC.TIF FSC_100_PPBW.TIF FSC_100_PNBW.TIF

Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX

FSC_MS_1_PPC.EPS FSC_MS_1_PNC.EPS FSC_MS_1_PPBW.EPS FSC_MS_1_PNBW.EP FSC_MS_1_PPC.JPG FSC_MS_1_PNC.JPG FSC_MS_1_PPBW.JPG FSC_MS_1_PNBW.JPG FSC_MS_1_PPC.TIF FSC_MS_1_PNC.TIF FSC_MS_1_PPBW.TIF FSC_MS_1_PNBW.TIF

Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX

XX% XX% XX% XX% FSC_MS_2_PPC.EPS FSC_MS_2_PNC.EPS FSC_MS_2_PPBW.EPS FSC_MS_2_PNBW.EPS FSC_MS_2_PPC.JPG FSC_MS_2_PNC.JPG FSC_MS_2_PPBW.JPG FSC_MS_2_PNBW.JPG FSC_MS_2_PPC.TIF FSC_MS_2_PNC.TIF FSC_MS_2_PPBW.TIF FSC_MS_2_PNBW.TIF

Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX News youCert no. XXX-XXX-XXXcan use Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX

The latest FASS news and eventsFSC_MS_3_PNC.EPS can be found at carleton.ca/fass.FSC_MS_3_PPBW.EPS Or, for news that comes to FSC_MS_3_PNBW.EPSyou, subscribe FSC_MS_3_PPC.EPS FSC_MS_3_PNC.JPG FSC_MS_3_PPBW.JPG FSC_MS_3_PNBW.JPG FSC_MS_3_PPC.JPGto This Week @ FASS, a weeklyFSC_MS_3_PNC.TIF email newsletter. Just email [email protected]_MS_3_PPBW.TIF with “SubscribeFSC_MS_3_PNBW.TIF to This Week” FSC_MS_3_PPC.TIF

Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX in the subject line andCert no. XXX-XXX-XXX your name, address and preferredCert no. XXX-XXX-XXX email address in the text. Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX

FSC_MS_4_PPC.EPS FSC_MS_4_PNC.EPS FSC_MS_4_PPBW.EPS FSC_MS_4_PNBW.EPS ADV0047 FSC_MS_4_PPC.JPGReturn undeliverable Canadian addressesFSC_MS_4_PNC.JPG to: FSC_MS_4_PPBW.JPG FSC_MS_4_PNBW.JPG FSC_MS_4_PPC.TIF FSC_MS_4_PNC.TIF FSC_MS_4_PPBW.TIF FSC_MS_4_PNBW.TIF

Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Department of University AdvancementCert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Publication Mail Agreement Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Carleton University No. 40063314 1125 Colonel By Drive ISSN 0226-5389 XX% XX% XX% XX% FSC_MS_5_PPC.EPSOttawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada FSC_MS_5_PNC.EPS FSC_MS_5_PPBW.EPS FSC_MS_5_PNBW.EPS FSC_MS_5_PPC.JPG FSC_MS_5_PNC.JPG FSC_MS_5_PPBW.JPG FSC_MS_5_PNBW.JPG FSC_MS_5_PPC.TIF FSC_MS_5_PNC.TIF FSC_MS_5_PPBW.TIF FSC_MS_5_PNBW.TIF

Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Mail To: Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX PM40063314

FSC_RE_1_PPC.EPS FSC_RE_1_PNC.EPS FSC_RE_1_PPBW.EPS FSC_RE_1_PNBW.EPS FSC_RE_1_PPC.JPG FSC_RE_1_PNC.JPG FSC_RE_1_PPBW.JPG FSC_RE_1_PNBW.JPG FSC_RE_1_PPC.TIF FSC_RE_1_PNC.TIF FSC_RE_1_PPBW.TIF FSC_RE_1_PNBW.TIF

Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX Cert no. XXX-XXX-XXX