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Impact of Coal Mining on Karst Water System in North China
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 3 ( 2011 ) 293 – 302 2011 Xican International Conference on Fine Geological Exploration and Groundwater & Gas Hazards Control in Coal Mines Impact of Coal Mining on Karst Water System in North China Xiangqing Fang*, Yaojun Fu Hydrogeology Bureau of China Nat ion al Administration of Coal Geology, Handan 056004, China Abstract Based on a large number of data, the paper analysed the influence factors of coal mining for the karst water system in north China, used analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for evaluation of the effect of coal mining on the karst water system, and divided influence degree subareas of State-planed 21 coal mining areas. We also come up with some suggestions on prevention and control measures of principle according to the different influence degrees. ©© 20112011 Published Published by by Elsevier Elsevier Ltd. Ltd. Selection Selection and and/or peer-review peer-review under under responsibility responsibility of China of Xi’an Coal Research Society Institute of China Coal Technology & Engineering Group Corp Keywords: karst-water system in north China, influence degree, prevention and control measures; North China type coalfield and the karst water system in the north are inseparable, there exists three superposition relationships [1]: monoclinal structure, synclinal structure and block-faulting structure. Karst water system in the north is characterized by large scales, numerous components of water resources, the complexity of transformation between water resources, coexistence of water and coal and so on. The karst water resource in the north is not only important water resource, but also is threatening the coal resources. -
Preparing the Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Projects
Technical Assistance Report Project Number: 40641 July 2007 People’s Republic of China: Preparing the Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Projects CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 11 July 2007) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1319 $1.00 = CNY7.5835 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank DFR – draft final report DMF – design and monitoring framework EA – executing agency EIA – environmental impact assessment EMP – environmental management plan FSR – feasibility study report HPG – Hebei provincial government IA – implementing agency LPG – Liaoning provincial government PMO – project management office PPMS – project performance monitoring system PRC – People’s Republic of China RP – resettlement plan SEIA – summary environmental impact assessment SPG – Shanxi provincial government TA – technical assistance TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE CLASSIFICATION Targeting Classification – Targeted intervention (MDG) Sectors – Multisector (water supply, sanitation and waste management, transport and communication, energy, education) Subsectors – Water supply and sanitation, waste management, roads and highways, energy transmission and distribution, technical education, vocational training and skills development Themes – Inclusive social development, Sustainable economic growth, environmental sustainability Subthemes – Human development, fostering physical infrastructure development, urban environmental improvement NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. Vice President C. Lawrence Greenwood, Jr., Operations Group 2 Director General H.S. Rao, East Asia Department (EARD) Director R. Wihtol, Social Sectors Division, EARD Team leader A. Leung, Principal Urban Development Specialist, EARD Team members M. Gupta, Social Development Specialist (Safeguards), EARD S. Popov, Senior Environment Specialist, EARD T. Villareal, Urban Development Specialist, EARD W. Walker, Social Development Specialist, EARD J. Wang, Project Officer (Urban Development and Water Supply), People’s Republic of China Resident Mission, EARD L. -
People's Republic of China: Shanxi Road Development II Project
Completion Report Project Number: 34097 Loan Number: 1967 August 2008 People’s Republic of China: Shanxi Road Development II Project CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) At Appraisal At Project Completion (14 November 2002) (as of 6 March 2008) CNY1.00 = $0.1208 $0.14047 $1.00 = CNY8.277 CNY7.119 ABBREVIATIONS AADT – average annual daily traffic ADB – Asian Development Bank CSE – chief supervision engineer CSEO – chief supervision engineer office DCSE – deputy chief supervision engineer EIA – environmental impact assessment EIRR – economic internal rate of return FIRR – financial internal rate of return GDP – gross domestic product HDM-4 – highway design and maintenance standards model, version 4 ICB – international competitive bidding IDC – interest and other charges during construction IEE – initial environmental examination IRI – international roughness index MOC – Ministry of Communications NCB – national competitive bidding NTHS – national trunk highway system O&M – operation and maintenance PCR – project completion review PPMS – project performance management system PRC – People’s Republic of China PRIS – poverty reduction impact study PRMP – poverty reduction monitoring program REO – resident engineer office RP – resettlement plan SCD – Shanxi Communications Department SCF – standard conversion factor SEIA – summary environmental impact assessment SEPA – State Environment Protection Administration SFB – Shanxi Finance Bureau SHEC – Shanxi Hou-yu Expressway Construction Company Limited SKCC – Shaanxi Kexin Consultant Company SPG – Shanxi provincial government VOC – vehicle operating cost YWNR – Yuncheng Wetlands Nature Reserve WEIGHTS AND MEASURES mu – A traditional land area measurement, it is equivalent to 666.66 square meters, or 0.1647 acres, or 0.066 of a hectare. m/km – meters per kilometer mg/m3 – milligram per meter cube p.a. -
Global Map of Irrigation Areas CHINA
Global Map of Irrigation Areas CHINA Area equipped for irrigation (ha) Area actually irrigated Province total with groundwater with surface water (ha) Anhui 3 369 860 337 346 3 032 514 2 309 259 Beijing 367 870 204 428 163 442 352 387 Chongqing 618 090 30 618 060 432 520 Fujian 1 005 000 16 021 988 979 938 174 Gansu 1 355 480 180 090 1 175 390 1 153 139 Guangdong 2 230 740 28 106 2 202 634 2 042 344 Guangxi 1 532 220 13 156 1 519 064 1 208 323 Guizhou 711 920 2 009 709 911 515 049 Hainan 250 600 2 349 248 251 189 232 Hebei 4 885 720 4 143 367 742 353 4 475 046 Heilongjiang 2 400 060 1 599 131 800 929 2 003 129 Henan 4 941 210 3 422 622 1 518 588 3 862 567 Hong Kong 2 000 0 2 000 800 Hubei 2 457 630 51 049 2 406 581 2 082 525 Hunan 2 761 660 0 2 761 660 2 598 439 Inner Mongolia 3 332 520 2 150 064 1 182 456 2 842 223 Jiangsu 4 020 100 119 982 3 900 118 3 487 628 Jiangxi 1 883 720 14 688 1 869 032 1 818 684 Jilin 1 636 370 751 990 884 380 1 066 337 Liaoning 1 715 390 783 750 931 640 1 385 872 Ningxia 497 220 33 538 463 682 497 220 Qinghai 371 170 5 212 365 958 301 560 Shaanxi 1 443 620 488 895 954 725 1 211 648 Shandong 5 360 090 2 581 448 2 778 642 4 485 538 Shanghai 308 340 0 308 340 308 340 Shanxi 1 283 460 611 084 672 376 1 017 422 Sichuan 2 607 420 13 291 2 594 129 2 140 680 Tianjin 393 010 134 743 258 267 321 932 Tibet 306 980 7 055 299 925 289 908 Xinjiang 4 776 980 924 366 3 852 614 4 629 141 Yunnan 1 561 190 11 635 1 549 555 1 328 186 Zhejiang 1 512 300 27 297 1 485 003 1 463 653 China total 61 899 940 18 658 742 43 241 198 52 -
Distribution, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Aegilops Tauschii Coss. in Major Whea
Supplementary materials Title: Distribution, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Aegilops tauschii Coss. in Major Wheat Growing Regions in China Table S1. The geographic locations of 192 Aegilops tauschii Coss. populations used in the genetic diversity analysis. Population Location code Qianyuan Village Kongzhongguo Town Yancheng County Luohe City 1 Henan Privince Guandao Village Houzhen Town Liantian County Weinan City Shaanxi 2 Province Bawang Village Gushi Town Linwei County Weinan City Shaanxi Prov- 3 ince Su Village Jinchengban Town Hancheng County Weinan City Shaanxi 4 Province Dongwu Village Wenkou Town Daiyue County Taian City Shandong 5 Privince Shiwu Village Liuwang Town Ningyang County Taian City Shandong 6 Privince Hongmiao Village Chengguan Town Renping County Liaocheng City 7 Shandong Province Xiwang Village Liangjia Town Henjin County Yuncheng City Shanxi 8 Province Xiqu Village Gujiao Town Xinjiang County Yuncheng City Shanxi 9 Province Shishi Village Ganting Town Hongtong County Linfen City Shanxi 10 Province 11 Xin Village Sansi Town Nanhe County Xingtai City Hebei Province Beichangbao Village Caohe Town Xushui County Baoding City Hebei 12 Province Nanguan Village Longyao Town Longyap County Xingtai City Hebei 13 Province Didi Village Longyao Town Longyao County Xingtai City Hebei Prov- 14 ince 15 Beixingzhuang Town Xingtai County Xingtai City Hebei Province Donghan Village Heyang Town Nanhe County Xingtai City Hebei Prov- 16 ince 17 Yan Village Luyi Town Guantao County Handan City Hebei Province Shanqiao Village Liucun Town Yaodu District Linfen City Shanxi Prov- 18 ince Sabxiaoying Village Huqiao Town Hui County Xingxiang City Henan 19 Province 20 Fanzhong Village Gaosi Town Xiangcheng City Henan Province Agriculture 2021, 11, 311. -
Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Environmental Assessment Report Summary Environmental Impact Assessment Project Number: 42383 October 2008 People’s Republic of China: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project Prepared by the Shanxi provincial government for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The summary environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 17 October 2008) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1461 $1.00 = CNY6.8435 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank BOD5 – 5-day biochemical oxygen demand ClO2 – chlorine dioxide CO2 – carbon dioxide CODCr – chemical oxygen demand determined through the dichromate reflux method CSC – construction supervision company DMF – design and monitoring framework EA – executing agency EAMF – environmental assessment and management framework EIA – environmental impact assessment EMC – environmental management consultant EMP – environmental management plan EPB – environmental protection bureau FSR – feasibility study report GDP – gross domestic product GHG – greenhouse gas HDPE – high-density polyethylene IA – implementing agency LDI – local design institute MSW – municipal solid waste NH3-N – ammonia nitrogen NOx – nitrogen oxides O&M – operation and maintenance pH – a unit of acidity PM10 – particulate matter ≤10 micrometers in diameter PMO – project management office PPTA – project preparatory technical assistance -
Resource-Based City Type and Reforming Strategy Discussion and Research
2016 4th International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Humanities, and Management (ASSHM 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-412-7 Resource-based City Type and Reforming Strategy Discussion and Research Junwei Xing1 Abstract The resource-based city can divides according to the Israeli resource type and development phase two big standards. The resource-based city economic transformation strategy first should from the macroscopic level, seek for the regional economic development the new superiority, next should act according to the new regional development favorable condition that establishes the pattern of industrial transformation from the microscopic level. Keywords. Resource-based City; Type; Reforming Strategy. 1. INTRODUCTION The resource-based city is our country important foundation energy and raw material supplying place, development display excessively significant role to our country national economy. But as a result of the non-renewability of finiteness and resources of resource, the resource-based city sooner or later must face the issue of economic transformation, otherwise possibly enters the winter. At present, a considerable number of resource-based cities in China have been facing a series of economic and social problems such as resource depletion, economic recession, environmental degradation, unemployment and the increase of the poor population. These resource-based cities have become the problem areas in which regional contradictions are concentrated. Therefore, how to guide these cities to successfully transform and achieve sustainable development has become an important topic of concern for both academia and government. 2. Classification of Resource-based Cities Resource based cities are mainly built up by the development of resources. Although the overall pattern of urban growth and development is similar, because of the differences of the economic development factors such as natural resources, geographical conditions and other economic development factors, the difference between different resource cities is very large. -
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020 Contents Heilongjiang ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Jilin ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Liaoning ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ........................................................................................................... 7 Beijing......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Hebei ........................................................................................................................................................... 11 Henan .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Shandong .................................................................................................................................................... 14 Shanxi ......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Shaanxi ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Natural Resources, Rent Dependence, and Public Goods Provision in China: Evidence from Shanxi’S County-Level Governments Yuyi Zhuang* and Guang Zhang
Zhuang and Zhang The Journal of Chinese Sociology (2016) 3:20 The Journal of DOI 10.1186/s40711-016-0040-3 Chinese Sociology RESEARCH Open Access Natural resources, rent dependence, and public goods provision in China: evidence from Shanxi’s county-level governments Yuyi Zhuang* and Guang Zhang * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract School of Public Affairs, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province This paper investigates how natural-resource endowments affect the provision of 361005, People’s Republic of China local public goods in China. According to fiscal sociology, due to the rentier effect, resource-rich local governments tend to have more state autonomy and are less responsive to society, resulting in poor governance. Moreover, due to political myopia, resource-abundant local governments tend to neglect the accumulation of human capital. Shanxi’s county-level governments are excellent samples to test these hypotheses. Statistical results show that resource-abundant local governments tend to spend less on social expenditures as well as specific education, social security and healthcare, and environmental protection expenditures. Meanwhile, coal-rich governments spend significantly more on self-serving administrative expenditures. The results suggest that negative impacts of natural resources on governmental fiscal extraction and expenditure behaviors are an important causal mechanism of the resource-curse hypothesis. To curb this problem, the current fiscal system needs to be reformed accordingly. Keywords: Resource curse, Coal, Public goods provision, Shanxi Province Introduction Why are developing countries and regions rich in natural resources often characterized by slow economic growth? Exploring this “resource curse,” economists, political scien- tists, and sociologists have put forward various causal mechanisms and explanations. -
Linfen of China
Welcome to Linfen of China The Big Pagoda Tree Garden of Hongtong National 5A-class Scenic Spot Located in the northwest of Hongtong county town, the Big Pagoda Tree Garden is not only a famous immigrants relic tracing back to the Ming dynasty, but also a holy spot for millions of descendants of those who used to live around this Big Pagoda Tree to seek the roots of their family tree and worship their ancestors. As the key part of worshiping activities, Ji Zu Tang, the biggest temple of China for civic worshiping, has 1,230 memorial tablets honoured in it, which makes it the ancestral temple that includes the most Chinese surnames. A lot of evidences during immigration time are displayed in Historical sites area, featuring memorial archways, the Relic of First-generation Big Pagoda Tree, the Second and Third-generation Pagoda Tree, Buddhist Stone Pillars, ancient post road, Guangji Temple, etc Jin Guo Museum National Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit Located in the northeast of Quwo county town, Jin Guo Museum was built next to “Qu country--Tian Ma Relics”. All the exhibitions are divided into three different themes, exhibition of Jin state history, exhibition of discovery of the relic, exhibition of horse and chariot pits. In additionally, 48 chariots and about one hundred horses were discovered in No.1 pit, which makes it the biggest pit during Western Zhou Dynasty, among all the pits had been discovered in China. What makes it more special is that the pit is even 600 years earlier than the Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses of emperor Qin's tomb. -
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment in Shallow Aquifer in Linfen Basin, Shanxi Province, China Using DRASTIC Model
www.ccsenet.org/jsd Journal of Sustainable Development Vol. 4, No. 1; February 2011 Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment in Shallow Aquifer in Linfen Basin, Shanxi Province, China Using DRASTIC Model Mamadou SAMAKE(Corresponding author), Zhonghua Tang, Win HLAING, Innocent NDOH MBUE, Kanyamanda Kasereka & Waheed O. Balogun Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences (CUG) Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Groundwater pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world. Human activities, e.g. industrial, agricultural and household represent a real threat for groundwater quality. In areas where Groundwater constitutes the main drinking water resources, its vulnerability assessment, to delineate areas that are more susceptible to contamination has become an important element for water resource management and land use planning. Hence, maps of groundwater vulnerability to pollution are becoming more in demand because this essential resource for life represents the main source of drinking water in many parts of the world and particularly in northern China where there is insufficient surface water. This study used the ArcGIS 9.2 software and geographical information system (GIS) techniques to apply an EPA model for determining intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater to pollution in Linfen Basin, Shanxi Province, China. The model is called DRASTIC, representing hydrogeological parameters such as Depth to Aquifer, Net Recharge, Aquifer Media, Soil Media, Topography, Impact of vadose Zones, and Hydraulic Conductivity. The DRASTIC model uses environmental parameters to characterize the hydrogeological setting of any area and to evaluate the aquifer vulnerability. -
Analysis of the Actuality of Shanxi Provincial Coal Miners' Labor
Journal of Politics and Law June, 2009 Analysis of the Actuality of Shanxi Provincial Coal Miners’ Labor Rights and Interests from the View of the Labor Contract Law of PRC Wei Wang Law School, Minzu University of China Beijing 100081, China Tel: 86-10-6893-8021 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Shanxi Provincial coal miners’ labor rights and interests are damaged badly, which is worrying in recent years. Through the face to face interviews with principals of miners, labor unions, coal enterprises, labor and social security bureaus in Taiyuan City, Jinzhong City, Linfen City and Jincheng City in Shanxi Province, the first-hand materials were acquired. From the view of the Labor Contract Law of PRC, first the actuality of Shanxi Provincial coal miners’ labor rights and interests was expounded in the article, then the reasons about the existing problems were analyzed, and finally the reasonable advices were proposed, which aim for perfecting laws and regulations, enhancing miners’ consciousness of maintaining rights, regulating the behaviors of coal enterprises, and protecting miners’ rights and interests from many aspects. Keywords: Minors’ rights and interests, Labor Contract Law, Advices 1. Introduction The Shanxi provincial coal miners’ labor rights and interests have caught the eye of the public for a long time. Frequent coal accidents, weak social security system and arrears of wages are appalling (Ren, 2008). According to spot checks, until the late of 2001, 70 state-owned key coal enterprises owed on-the-position workers’ salaries 6.333 billion Yuan, and the phenomena are particularly bad in Shanxi Province. In 2006, the arrears of wages that the Liujialiang Mine in Xiang County of Shanxi Province owed about 200 peasant-workers from Sichuan, Hubei and Chongqing achieved about 1.8 million Yuan.