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Maharashtra Literacy Scenario - a Documentation

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Maharashtra Literacy Scenario - a Documentation Maharashtra Literacy Scenario - A Documentation National Literacy /W /s s /o n MAHARASHTRA ERACY SCENARIO - A DOCUMENTATION Documentation by: B.A. More NATIONAL LITERACY MISSION D08499 / 9 X: i,:; r ^ 'V r: : PI' a r'is ' •s.i [ .. ■■ ‘j ::■ » f 5^ I- :r.:' FOREWORD f gives me pleasure to present the report of Total Literacy Campaign — 'Towards literacy ttirough Total Literacy Campaign' in Maharashtra. This has been possible due to continuous and dedicated efforts of the volunteers, teachers, the field workers of the education and other Government departments under the leadership of the District Collectors, and the Chief Executive Officers. Due to excellent mobilisation of the.people at the grass root level there have been remarkable participation, social integration and spirit of voluntarism. Maharashtra is one of the few States where the political leadership has given firm commitment to this programme. The State Government is firmly committed to implement the Total Literacy Campaign in phases by the end of 1995-96. I express my deep sense of gratitude to the Hon. Education Minister Shri Salim Zakeria and Hon Minister of State for Education Shri Sadashivrao Mandalik for their valuable guidance and interaction with Adult learners through their visits to literacy classes. I am also very grateful to Smt Kumud BansaL Secretary, School Education Department for her support and valuable guidance. B.A. MORE Director of Education Pune (Adult Education) Date 1st May ‘94 Maharashtra State, Pune Particulars Page No. Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter II Districtwise details of Literacy Campaign 1. Sindhudurg 4 2. Wardha 10 3. Lotur 15 4. Nanded 19 5. Jalna 23 6. Pune 26 7. Ratnagiri 29 8. Parbhani 32 9. Aurangabad 33 10. Sangli 34 11. Beed 35 12. Osmanabad 36 13. Amravati 37 14. Greater Bombay 38 15. Kolhapur 39 16. Yeotmal 40 Appendices 41-50 (1 to X) —1----------------------------------------— ------------------------------------------------------------- INTRODUCTION A visit of Shri Salim Zakeria. School Education Minister to a Literacy Centre at Village Bhose, Tq. Ktied District Pune BACKGROUND The main cause of poverty and backwardness Till 1988 the programme was essentially in any society is lack of education. Education is "centre based". key to the progress of nation. It brings enlight- ment and awareness which helps in advance­ An Assessment of centre based programme, ment of the country. shows that the results have not been com ­ mensurate with investment made. The causes The country's literacy rate in 1947 was 15% and of failure of centre based programme were female literacy was an ail time low i.e. 8%. unsatisfactory project management structure, According to 1991 census country's literacy weak monitoring systems, poor training rote is 52.21%. Article 45 of our constitution and absence of a system of scientific evalua­ stipulated the universalization of Primary tion of learning outcomes. Education by 1960 and total eradication of illiteracy. However, these objectives could not be fully achieved. The Kothori Commission, LITERACY CAMPAIGN APPROACH therefore, gave special emphasis on adult The break through come with the launching education. of National Literacy Mission on 5th May 1988 and establishment of National Literacy CENTRE BASE APPROACH Mission Authority which is on independent and autonomous wing of Government vested There have been a number of programmes with full executive and financial powers. of adult education since independence. The objective of National Literacy Mission A major initiative was taken in 1978 with intro­ was to impart functional literacy to the adults duction of National Adult Education in 15 to 35 age group. Total Literacy Campaign is Programme. The programme was based on area specific, time bound result oriented and the establishment of adult education centres. based on purely volunteerism. i) Achieving self-reliance in literacy and numeracy. ii) Becoming aware of the causes of their deprivation and OBJECTIVES OF moving towards amelioration of their condition through organisation and participation in process of development. LITERACY iii) Acquiring skills to improve their economic status and general well beings. CAMPAIGN iv) Imbibing the values of national Integration, conservation of environment, women's equality, observance of small family norms, etc. LITERACY CAMPAIGN IN MAHARASHTRA Due to successful implementation of Literacy Campaigns in Sindhudurg and Wardha districts State Literacy Mission was launched in and in view of low literacy rate-, especially Maharashtra State on 2nd June 1988. The among women in Marathwada region, main aim of this programme is to achieve Government of Mahrashtra has taken a decision total literacy in the State according to norms on 4th November 1991 to implement the laid down by National Literacy Mission by the Literacy Campaign in all the seven districts of end of VIII Five Year Plan. According to 1991 Marathwada region from 1991-92 to 1993-94. censjs, the literacy rate of Maharashtra is Government has agreed in principle to imple­ 64.87% which is above national literacy ment Literacy Campaign in remaining districts rate 52.21%). The male literacy rate is 76.56% of state in a phased manner. and female literacy rate is 52.32% Literacy Campaign was first launched in Mahiashtra State in Sindhudurg district on PROGRAMME OF ACTION 29.11 1990 and it was declared as totally literate For the effective implementation of Literacy on 4.11.1991. Similarly, Wardha district started Campaign in the State, Directorate of the Lteracy Campaign including the children Education (Adult Education) has prepared in th9 age group 9 to 14 on 3.6.1990 and a detail action plan and submitted to Central declared as totally literate on 24.3.1992. At Government through State Government. present. Post Literacy Campaign is going on in Sinjhudurg and Wardha districts. The details are given below ; The project proposals of all the seven districts of Marathwada region viz. Aurangabad, Jalna, Year Districts covered or to be covered under LC Nanded, Latur, Parbhoni, Beed, Osmanabad and three districts from Western Maharashtra viz. 1990-91 Sindhudurg, Wardha, Pune, Ratnagiri and Sangli have been 1991-92^ Aurangabad, Nanded, ParbhanI, Jalna, sanctioned by Executive Committee of Notional - Latur. Literacy Mission Authority. Total Literacy Cam­ 1 9 9 2 -9 ^ Beed, Osm anabad, Sangll, Pune, paign of Sindhudurg, Wardha, Latur, Nanded, Ratnagiri. Jalna, Pune, Ratnagiri and ParbhanI districts have 1993-94 Amaravati, Bombay, Yeotmal, Kolhapur, been evaluated by external agencies namely, Raigad, Satara. Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Bombay, 1994-96 Buldhana, Nagpur, Nasik, Akola, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune, Ahmednagar, Jalgaon. Indian Institute of Education, Pune, Karve Institute 1995-96 Dhule, Solapur, Thane, Bhandara, of Social Services, Pune. The latest position of Chandrapur, Gadchlroli. programme is as follows : -S': ...^ jm.*. i'. J ■■ Districts Completed Districts Districts Districts in TLC under PLC under TLC which TLC started newly 1. Sindhudurg 1. Sindhudurg 1. Aurangabad 1. Kolhapur 2. Wardha 2. Wardha 2. Sangli 2. Yeotmal 3. Latur 3. Latur 3. Beed 4. Nanded 4. Nanded 4. Osmanabad 5. Jalna 5. Pune 5. Amravati 6. Pune 6. Jalna 6. Bombay 7. Ratnagiri 8. ParbhanI A visit of Shri B.A. Moro, Director of Education (Adult Education), Maharashtra State, to the Literacy Centre in Ratnagiri district I. SINDHUDURG DISTRICTWISE DETAILS OF LITERACY CAMPAIGN Introduction As per 1991 census, the population of the district is 8,30.726 out of which 3,88,249 ore males and 4,42,477 are females. The literacy rate of the district is 75.81%. Male literacy rate is 86.23% and female literacy is 66.87%. Shri Arjun Singh, Hon. M'lnisfer for Human Resource Development, Govt, of India. New Delhi with Shn Sudhakorraoji Noik then Chief Minister, Maharashtra State on the dias at Sindhudurg TLC felicitation ceremony on 29-12-1991 Target A survey was conducted in the district during respectively were used to initiate and sustain 1-7 October, 1990, by primary school teachers the enthusiasm of learners and instructors to ascertain the number of illiterates in various throughout the campaign. Wall writings, posters, age groups. The survey revealed the following banners in villages and hoardings along high­ picture ; way were adopted as localised forms of mobilisation. These were complemented by Age Group No. of illiterates rallies, Padyatros, streetplays, literacy related competitions and dramas. Appeals were printed Males Females Total and personally distributed to major section. i) 9-14 years 66 125 191 ii) 15-35 years 5,557 22273 27,830 Training ill) 36-60 years — — 23598 32 individuals, generally school teachers, were selected as resource persons and trained at iv) 9-60 years — — 51,619 S.R.C., Pune. These resource persons in turn trained 400 master trainers and master trainers The target group in Sindhudurg district was 15- trained 12671 volunteers. The volunteers were 35 and 36-60 was optional. primarily 8th, 9th and 11th standard school children and educated unemployed youths. Environment Building Teaching Learning Material Audio and Audio visual taped recordings of the "Shale Baherchi Shala" and the "Aksharodharo" Each learner was provided with a pencil and programme of "Akashwani" and "Doordarshan" learning kit and instructor received in addition a roll up board, chalk and duster. The 3 primers External Evaluation named "Aple Shikshan" prepared by the S.R.C., Pune were supplied to individual learner,
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