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DENSITY INFESTATION DISTRIBUTION LOCATION WEED SPECIES SCORE NW 6-4-19 W2M yellow sweet clover 10 Canada thistle 10 yellow sweet clover*, alfalfa, crested wheatgrass 10 NW 9-2-18 W2M Canada thistle 10 NE 9-2-18 W2M Canada thistle 12 SE 4-1-16 W2M kochia*, foxtail barley 11 Note: * indicates dominant species, for which density distribution score is reported

4 CONCLUSIONS

The proposed Project is known to traverse roughly 74.5 km of native prairie. An additional 17 km of native prairie is noted on the Vantage Pipeline Project (Jacques Whitford – Axys 2009) in contiguous portions of pipeline that could not be assessed in 2010. This area will be assessed in 2011. The construction and operation of the Project may contribute to the direct and indirect losses or alteration of plant species and their associated vegetation, the further fragmentation of native prairie, and the introduction of noxious and invasive non-native species. The field work in 2010 was limited by difficulities in obtaining land access, and the timing of the field surveys. Additionally, pipeline route revisions have been made after field work was completed. Consequently, not all quarter sections traversed by the Project were ground-truthed or surveyed. Due to the senescence of vegetation, some tracts of native prairie to which access was granted, were also not surveyed in 2010. Approximately 75 % of the vegetation and rare plant surveys for the identified areas of native prairie were completed in 2010. An additional 10.9 % of the entire pipeline, which may also contain areas of native prairie remains to be assessed or surveyed in 2011. A total of 22 rare plant species were identified during the 2010 field surveys. An additional species has previously been reported to be in the vicinity of the pipeline route, but was not found in 2010. Although rare ecological communities are not currently tracked in Saskatchewan, eight communities of interest were identified along the Project route. The data collected during the 2010 surveys will be used to determine priority areas for rare plant surveys in 2011. Surveys will include early-season rare plant surveys for the complete route, as well as late-season surveys for the areas of the route that were not surveyed in 2010. Survey sites will include a sample of all landuse types to ensure the detection of any rare species, which may occur. Additionally, communities of interest will be confirmed and mapped in detail for those communities that are determined to be distinctive. Given some discrepancies in the location of the proposed pipeline, and possible errors, which GPS accuracy may have introduced, surveyed areas will be analyzed to ensure that the surveyed sites reflect the actual route of the pipeline. There were 29 noxious weed species identified during the intial baseline weed surveys conducted in 2010. Weed surveys will continue in 2011 for those areas that were not accessible in 2010, and a preconstruction weed survey will be completed prior to construction. Mitigation measures to minimize disturbance to native vegetation have been described in the Vegetation section of the Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment (Section 13.3.5) and the Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) (Appendix A). Site specific mitigation measures have not been identified at this time, and will be determined at the conclusion of the 2011 field surveys.

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5 REFERENCES

5.1 Literature Cited Adams, B.W., Poulin-Klein, L., Moisey, D., and R.L. McNeil. 2004. Rangeland Plant Communities and Range Health Assessment Guidelines for the Mixedgrass Nautral Subregion ofAlberta. Rangeland Management Branch, Public Lands and Forests Division, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Lethbridge, Alberta. Pub. No T/03940. 101 pages. Adams, B.W., Poulin-Klein, L., Moisey, D., and R.L. McNeil. 2005. Rangeland Plant Communities and Range Health Assessment Guidelines for the Dry Mixedgrass Nautral Subregion of Alberta. Rangeland Management Branch, Public Lands and Forests Division, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Lethbridge, Alberta, Pub. No T/040. 106 pages. Adams, B.W., Ehlert, G., Stone, C., Alexander, M., Lawrence, D., Wiloughby, M., Moisey, D., Hincz, C., Burkinshaw, A., Carlson, J., and K. France. 2009. Range Health Assessment for Grassland, Forest and Tame Pasture. Public Lands and Forests Division, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. Pub. No. T/044. Edmonton, Alberta. Alberta Centre for Information Systems Management (ACIMS). 2010a. Government of Alberta, Tourism, Parks and Recreation, Edmonton, Alberta. Website: http://tpr.alberta.ca/parks/heritageinfocentre/datarequests/default.aspx. Accessed: October 2010. Alberta Conservation Information Management System (ACIMS). 2010b. Alberta Conservation Information Management System Ecological Community Tracking List. 2010. Ecological Community Tracking List. Government of Alberta: Tourism, Parks and Recreation. Edmonton, Alberta. Available at: http://www.tpr.alberta.ca/parks/heritageinfocentre/ecocommunities/docs/ctl2010.pdf. Accessed October 2010. Alberta Native Plant Council. 2006. Plant Collection Guidelines for Researchers, Students and Consultants (version 2). Edmonton, Alberta 9 p. Available at: http://www.anpc.ab.ca. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. 2009. Grassland Vegetation Inventory Specifications. Edmonton, Alberta. Anon. 1988. Weeds of the North Central States. North Central Regional Research Publication No. 281, Bulletin 772, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, Urbana, Illinois. Barkworth, M.E., L.K. Anderton, K.M. Capels, S. Long and M.B. Piep. 2007. Manual of Grasses for North America. Intermountain Herbarium and Utah State University Press, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. ix + 626 pp. Canadian Endangered Species Conservation Council. 2006. Wild Species 2005: The General Status of Species in Canada. Ottawa, Ontario. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). 2010. Environment Canada, Ottawa Ontario. Website: www.cosewic.gc.ca/index.htm. Accessed October 2010. Environment Canada. 2009. Petroleum Industry Activity Guidelines for Wildlife Species At Risk in the Prairie and Northern Region. Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Prairie and Northern Region. Edmonton, Alberta. Fansler, V. A. and J.M. Mangold. 2010. Restoring Native Plants to Crested Wheatgrass Stands. Restoration Ecology, no. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00678.x

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Flora of North America. 2010. The Flora of North American project, various volumes and on the web. Website: efloras.org. Accessed: October 2010. Gleason, H.A. and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, second edition. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. lxxv + 910 pp. Government of Alberta. 2008. Weed Control Act (c. W-5.1). Queen’s Printer for Alberta, Edmonton, AB. Includes amendments to 2010. Government of Alberta. 2010. Weed Control Regulations (Alberta Regulation 19/2010). Queen’s Printer for Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta. Government of Canada. 2002. Species at Risk Act. Department of Justice, Ottawa, Ontario. Government of Canada. 2010. Species at Risk Registry. Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. Website: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca. Accessed: October 2010. Government of Saskatchewan. 1984. The Noxious Weeds Act (c. N-9.1). The Queen’s Printer of Saskatchewan. Regina, SK. Includes amendments to 2005. Government of Saskatchewan. 1987. The Noxious Weeds Designation Regulations (c. N-9.1 Reg 2). The Queen’s Printer of Saskatchewan. Regina, Saskatchewan. Includes amendments to 1999. Government of Saskatchewan. 1998. Wildlife Act. Queen’s Printer for Saskatchewan, Regina, Saskatchewan. Government of Saskatchewan. 2009. (Bill No. 107). The Queen’s Printer of Saskatchewan. Regina, SK. The Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. University Press of Kansas. Lawrence, Kansas. vii + 1392 pp. Great Sandhills Advisory Committee. 2007. Great Sandhills Regional Environmental Study: Final Report. Available at: http://www.environment.gov.sk.ca/2007-104GreatSandHillsEnvironmentalStudy. Harms, V.L. 2006 (revised 2008). Annotated Catalogue of Saskatchewan Vascular Plants. #212-115 Keevil Cresc, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan 116 pp. Jacques Whitford - Axys, 2009. Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment. Prepared for (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009) GP Ltd. Kemper, J.T. 2009. Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre Vascular and non-vascular Plant Tracking and Watch Lists. Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation, Parks Division, Edmonton, Alberta. Kershaw, L., J. Gould, D. Johnson, and J. Lancaster. 2001. Rare vascular plants of Alberta. Univ. of Alberta Press, Edmonton, Alberta and Nat. Resour. Can., Can. For. Serv., North. For. Cent., Edmonton, Alberta. 484pp. Lancaster J. (ed.). 2000. Guidelines for Rare Plant Surveys. Alberta Native Plant Council, Edmonton, Alberta. Maher, R. V., G. W. Argus, V. Harms and J. Hudson. 1979. The rare vascular plants of Saskatchewan. Issued as Syllogeus No. 20. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario. 138 pp. Moss, E.H. (revised by J.G. Packer). 1983. Flora of Alberta, second edition. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario. xiii + 687 pp. Montana Natural Heritage Program. 2010. Ecology: Community Field Guide – Ecological Section. Website: http://mtnhp.org/default.asp. Accessed: October 2010.

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NatureServe. 2010. NatureServe/Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application] Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Website: http://www/natureserve.org/explorer. Accessed: October 2010. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2003. Saskatchewan Activity Restriction Guidelines for Sensitive Species in Natural Habitats. Regina, Saskatchewan. Available at: http://www.biodiversity.sk.ca/Docs/SKactivityrestrictions.pdf. Accessed October 2010. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2009. Standardized Methodology for Surveys of Rare Plants. Regina, Saskatchewan. 4 pp. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2010a. Mixed Grassland Ecoregion. Website http://www.biodiversity.sk.ca/ecoregions/Mixed_Grassland.htm Accessed: October 2010. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2010b. Saskatchewan Vascular Plant Species List. Regina, Saskatchewan. Available at: http://www.biodiversity.sk.ca/Docs/vasc.pdf. Accessed: October 2010. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2010c. Expected Plant Species of Saskatchewan by Ecoregion. Regina, Saskatchewan. Available at: http://www.biodiversity.sk.ca/Docs/vasc.pdf. Accessed: July 2010. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2010d. Saskatchewan Vascular Plant Tracked Species List. Regina, Saskatchewan. Available at: http://www.biodiversity.sk.ca/Docs/vasctrak.pdf Accessed: July 2010. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2010e. Saskatchewan Noxious Species List. Regina, Saskatchewan. 2 pp. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2010f. Saskatchewan Invasive Species List. Regina, Saskatchewan. 4 pp. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2010g. Database search. Search conducted on: October 2010. Scoggan, H.J. 1978, 1979. Flora of Canada. Publications in Botany No. 72(1-4). National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. Stewart, R. E. and H. A. Kantrud. 1971. Classification of natural ponds and lakes in the glaciated prairie region. Resource Publication 92, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, District of Columbia, and Jamestown, North Dakota. Stubbendieck, J., G.Y. Friisoe, & M.R. Bolick. 1994. Weeds of Nebraska and the Great Plains. Nebraska Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Lincoln, Nebraska. Tannas, K. 2004. Common Plants of the Western Rangelands. Volume 3 Forbs. Olds College. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Edmonton, Alberta. ISBN 0-7732-6162-1. Thompson, W.H. and P.L. Hansen. 2001. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites of the Saskatchewan Prairie Ecozone and parts of adjacent subregions. Thompson, W.H. and P.L. Hansen. 2002. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites of the Alberta Grassland Natural Region and adjacent subregions. Bitterroot Restoration, Inc. Prepared for the Alberta Riparian habitat Management Program – Cows and Fish, Lethbridge, Alberta. 416 pages. Thorpe, J. 2007a. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 1: Ecoregions and Ecosites Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No. 11881- 1E07.

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Thorpe, J. 2007b. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 4 Communities on the Loam Ecosite. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No. 11881-4E07. Thorpe, J. 2007c. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 5 Communities on the Sand and Sandy Loam Ecosites. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No. 11881-5E07. Thorpe, J. 2007d. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 6 Communities on the Clay Ecosite. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No. 11881- 6E07. Thorpe, J. 2007e. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 7 Communities on the Solonetzic Ecosite. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No. 11881-7E07. Thorpe, J. 2007f. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 8 Communities on the Gravelly Ecosite. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No. 11881- 8E07. Thorpe, J. 2007g. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 9 Communities on the Dunes Ecosite. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No.1881-9E07. Thorpe, J. 2007h. Saskachewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 10 Communities on the Thin Ecosite. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council. Pub. No. 11881- 10E07. Thorpe, J. 2007i. Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems, Publication 11 Communities on the Badlands Ecosites. Saskatchewan Prairie Conservation Action Plan. Saskatchewan Research Council Pub. No. 11881-11E07. University of Saskatchewan. 2008. Ecoregions of Saskatchewan. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Website: http://www.usask.ca/biology/rareplants_sk/root/htm/en/researcher/4_ecoreg.php. Accessed: June 2010. USDA Plants. 2010. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Plants Profile. Schedonardus paniculatus. Accessed: October 2010.

5.2 Personal Communication Dillabaugh, Ken. Ecological Protection Specialist, Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment, Swift Current, Saskatchewan. November 15, 2010.

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Attachment I-1

Descriptions of Ecosite Types

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Introduction The descriptions for the ecosite types were developed using the GVI site types that were defined by ASRD (2009) as a guide and has been modified as necessary to best describe the area. Anthropogenic Anthropogenic site types include those that have been created or modified by human activity, including cultivation, pasture, industrial sites and settlements. Table I-5

Site Type descriptions for Anthropogenic Land Classes SITE TYPE DESCRIPTION Crop – Non irrigated (CN) Non-irrigated agricultural lands are those that rely on direct rainfall for crop growth, including row crops, small grains, oilseeds, sod and fallow Modified Grassland (MG) Modified grasslands are those sites that have experienced anthropogenic modifications, including areas that have been improved with forage grasses, areas affected by rehabilitation activities and areas where non-native grasses have become the dominant cover in the presence of remnant native species Tame Pasture or Hay–Non Tame Pasture represent areas of grasses that have been planted with grasses, legumes, or grass- irrigated (PN) legume mixtures for livestock grazing or for the production of seed or hay crops, where little to no native species remains Shelterbelt (SB) Shelterbelts are those areas with native and non-native tree and shrub species, which were planted to provide shelter for the surrounding area from wind Native Upland Native Upland ecosites have been defined based on landscape/landform, soil texture, chemistry and/or moisture conditions. The categories are based on range ecosites described in the Alberta range plant community guides for the Dry Mixedgrass and Mixedgrass Natural Subregions (Adams 2004, 2005).

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Table I-6

Ecosite Descriptions for Native Upland Land Classes

SASKATCHEWAN ECOSITES SITE TYPE (ALBERTA) (THORPE 2007A) DESCRIPTION Badlands/Bedrock (BdL) Badlands (BD) These sites are typically found on steep coulee or valley slopes, with a greater than 10 % bedrock exposure or on eroded bedrock plains. In Saskatchewan, badlands generally consist of clay deposits that erode rapidly, where vegetation is slow to establish. (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007i) Blowouts/Solonetzic Order Solonetzic (SO) These ecosite types often occur in swales or at slope (BlO) inflections within plains, where the soils have excess sodium content. In these sites, the ground surface is often characterized by eroded pits where the soil has been eroded to the B-horizon. (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007e) Choppy Sandhills (CS) Dunes These sites are characterized by soils with very coarse  Low Dunes (LD) (loamy sand) soils that are found on duned landscapes.  High Dunes (HD) Dunes can be parabolic or linear parallel to the direction of the prevailing winds. Vegetation and soil cover is characteristically patchy. (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007g) Clayey (Cy) Clay (CY) Clay ecosites consist of well-drained uplands characterized by fine to very fine-textured soils (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, Thorpe 2007d) Gravel (Gr) Gravelly (GR) Gravel ecosites are well-drained sites that are characterized by having gravel at the surface, or having a very thin layer of soil over very gravelly or cobbly material. Vegetation growth on these ecosites is sparse (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007f) Shallow to Gravel (SwG) Gravelly (GR) Shallow to Gravel sites are often found on terraces, valley bottoms and occasionally as caps on remnant bedrock uplands. These sites apply to any soil with 20 to 50 cm of surface mantle overlaying gravelly to very cobbly material (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007f) Limy (Li) These sites are typically found on water shedding slopes developed on glacial till, and apply to those sites with immature or eroded soils with free lime at the soil surface. While they are generally found near the crest of moderate to - - - steep slopes, they can also occur on relatively level glaciolacustrine deposits where a high water table prevents free lime from being leached down through the soil profile (Adams et al. 2005) Loamy (Lo) Loam (LM) Loamy ecosites are associated with morainal landforms with non-saline and non-gleyed soils of medium to moderately fine textures. “Knob and kettle” topography is often associated with this ecosite, this ecosite accounts for more ecosites in Saskatchewan than any other (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe Thorpe 2007a, 2007b)

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SASKATCHEWAN SITE TYPE (ALBERTA) ECOSITES(THORPE 2007A) DESCRIPTION Overflow (Ov) Overflow (OV) Overflow ecosites are often found on low-lying areas such as valley bottoms, and receive additional moisture due to their topographic position. While this these sites are typically associated with fan and apron landscapes, vegetation communities associated with overflow ecosites can also be found in snow catch areas of hummocky landscapes, where late winter snow drifts enhances local moisture supply (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a,) Overflow (saline/sodic) Saline Overflow (OVSA) Overflow sites characterized by saline soils (Thorpe 2007a). Found on valley bottom sites, the presence of white salt crust on the soil surface, and salt tolerant plants such as Distichlis stricta and Puccinellia nuttalli are good indicators of salinity (Adams et al. 2005) Sub-irrigated (Sb) These ecosites are characterized by gleyed, non-saline soils - - - (Adams 2004) Sand (Sa) Sand (SD) Sand site types are associated with glaciofluvial or eolian landforms with very coarse-textured soils, but lacking dune topography. Sand ecosites may or may not occur as level grassland patches adjacent to dune topography (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007c) Sandy (Sy) Sandy Loam (SL) Sandy ecosites are characterized by moderately coarse textured soils and are usually found on morainal to glaciofluvial deposits (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007c) Saline Lowland (SL) Saline Upland (UPSA) Saline Lowland ecosites are areas where vegetation growth has been limited by high concentration of salts, resulting in higher electrical conductivity (Adams et al. 2005, Thorpe 2007a) Thin Breaks (TB) Thin (TH) These sites occur on moderate to steeply sloping landscapes with less than 10 % bedrock exposures. Thin Breaks are often associated with Badlands/Bedrock, Limy, and Overflow sites. More broadly defined in Saskatchewan, thin ecosites are also defined for any area where the A-horizon is very thin due to erosion (Adams et al. 2005; Thorpe 2007a, 2007h) Lotic Wetlands Lotic wetlands are associated with rivers, streams and drainages with a defined channel and floodplain. Riparian zones represent the interface between upland sites and aquatic zones. Table I-7

Site Descriptions for Lotic Land Classes SITE TYPE DESCRIPTION Lotic – Deciduous (LtcD) Lotic deciduous site types are characterized by various species, depending on their ecoregion. In the Mixedgrass Ecoregions, plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and aspen poplar (Populus tremuloides), and Manitoba maple (Acer negundo) are the more common species Lotic – Shrub (LtcS) Lotic shrub site types have a combined shrub canopy cover of at least 10 %, excluding upland site types Lotic – River (LtcR) The Lotic-River site type is used for sites where the open water of rivers exceeding 20 m Lotic – Herbaceous (LtcH) Lotic herbaceous sites encompass all other lotic sites not represented by the other categories

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Lentic Wetlands Lentic wetlands are still water systems with a defined basin edge, but lacking a defined channel and floodplain, they are characterized by having poorly drained, gleyed soils. Examples of Lentic wetlands include perenial and intermittent bodies of water as well as wet meadows, fens and bogs.

Table I-8

Site Type Descriptions for Lentic Land Classes SASKATCHEWAN ECOSITES SITE TYPE (THORPE 2007A) DESCRIPTION

Lentic – Dry Meadow (DMD) Class I and Class II wetlands under the Stewart and Kantrud (1971) Temporary (LenT) Wet Meadow (WMD) wetland classes. This site type describes wetlands where the water is usually retained for only a short period in the spring and after heavy rainfalls, characterized by low prairie vegetation Lentic – Seasonal Shallow Marsh (SMH) Class III wetlands under the Stewart and Kantrud (1971) wetland (LenS) classes. This site type describes wetlands with water persisting more than three weeks, where the deepest zone is dominated by shallow-marsh vegetation Lentic – Semi to Deep Marsh (DMH) Class IV and Class V wetlands under the Stewart and Kantrud (1971) Permanent (LenSP) wetland classes. This site type describes wetlands in which water persists throughout the year, except during extreme droughts. The dominant vegetation found in the deep-marsh and shallow-marsh zones consist of cattails and bulrushes (Thorpe 2007a) Lentic – Alkali Saline Wet Meadow (WMDSA) Class VI wetlands under the Stewart and Kantrud (1971) wetland (LenA) Saline Shallow Marsh (SMHSA) classes. This site type describes wetlands that hold water for variable Saline Deep Marsh (DMHSA) time periods and are characterized by a saline crust on drying soil surfaces (Thorpe 2007a) Lentic – Dugout This site type describes an anthropogenic water feature created for the (LenD) - - - purpose of livestock watering. Dugouts are generally created to take advantage of an area where the water table is at or near the soil surface

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Attachment I-2

Vegetation Community Descriptions

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Table I-9

Native Upland Ecological Site Types and Corresponding Vegetation Community Descriptions LEVEL OF ECOSITE VEGETATION COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION MODIFICATION Loamy DMGA2* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Wheatgrasses Moist, productive mid to lower slope community, often found on northerly aspects, R distinguished by a high proportion of Elymus lanceolatus and Pascopyrum smithii (northern and western wheatgrass) DMGA3* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Junegrass–Blue Most common grassland community type on well-drained loamy range sites, with a R Grama Grass dominance of mid-grasses, such as Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) DMGA5 Needle-and-Thread Grass – Northern Late-seral community occurring where loamy and soloznetzic soils intermix. Key S/R Wheatgrass – Plains Reed Grass indicator species is Calamagrostis montanensis (plains reedgrass) DMGA9* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Thread-Leaved Community of loamy range sites on upper elevations. Carex filifolia (thread-leaved R Sedge sedge is sub-dominant in place of Elymus lanceolatus and Pascopyrum smithii (northern and western wheatgrass) DMGA10* Blue Grama Grass – Needle-and-Thread Mid-seral community on moister mid to lower slope locations and northerly aspects. S Grass A product of moderate to heavy grazing pressure DMGA12* Silver Sagebrush/Needle-and-Thread Grass Community closely related to DMGA3, with the highest cover of Artemesia cana R – Blue Grama Grass (silver sagebrush) on well-drained loamy range sites DMGA46* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Blue Grama Community of productive mid to lower slopes and northerly slopes on moist loamy S Grass – Wheatgrasses range sites. Bouteloua gracilis (Blue grama grass) more dominant than wheatgrasses DMGA47* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Blue Grama Cover of wheatgrasses reduced due to moderate grazing pressure. Associated with S Grass – Northern Wheatgrass moist loamy range sites. Low soil exposure DMGA48* Blue Grama Grass – Needle-and-Thread Product of heavy grazing pressure, with decreased cover of both wheatgrasses and S Grass needle-and-thread. Disturbances species, such as Plantago patagonica (Pursh’s plantain) and Taraxacum officinale (common dandelion) are more abundant MGA1 Plains Rough Fescue – Western Porcupine Community found on loamy and shallow-to-gravel range sites on the slopes of the R Grass – Sedge Cypress Uplands. High vegetative cover with abundance of Festuca hallii (plains rough fescue) and moss/lichen species MGA2 Western Porcupine Grass – Plains Rough Community found on loamy and shallow-to-gravel range sites in the Cypress S Fescue Uplands. Successional stage of MGA1, with moderate to heavy grazing pressure MGA3* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Junegrass Herbaceous community in the Cypress Uplands showing signs of historical heavy S grazing practices. Low soil exposure, with dominance of Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) MGA4* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Northern Distinguished from similar communities by high composition of Elymus lanceolatus R Wheatgrass – Junegrass (northern wheatgrass) and Hesperostipa curtiseta (western porcupine grass)

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LEVEL OF ECOSITE VEGETATION COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION MODIFICATION Loamy MGA10 Idaho Fescue – Northern Wheatgrass – Community with a high diversity of forbs, including Thermopsis rhombifolia (golden R Needle-and-Thread Grass bean), Artemisia frigida (pasture sagewort), and Symphytotrichum falcatum (tufted white aster) MGA11 Idaho Fescue – Lupine Community is similar to MGA10, but has been modified by moderate to heavy S grazing pressure, resulting in a reduction of Elymus lanceolatus (northern wheatgrass) cover MGA12 Snowberry/Kentucky Bluegrass – Idaho This community is the product of heavy grazing, where Idaho fescue (Festuca hallii) S Fescue and Elymus lanceolatus (northern wheatgrass) are reduced and replaced by Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) MGA13 Canada Bluegrass – Silky Perennial Lupine This community is the product of heavy grazing, and is dominated by grazing S resistant species. This community is similar to, but drier than MGA12 MGA14 Needle-and-Thread Grass – Northern Community on loamy range site with relatively high abundance of Elymus R Wheatgrass – Junegrass lanceolatus (northern wheatgrass) and Hesperostipa curtiseta (western porcupine grass) MGA21 Wheatgrass – Needle-and-Thread Grass Community on a loamy range site dominated by wheatgrasses. Eurotia lanata R winterfat) is a frequently occurring species in this community MGA22* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Junegrass Moderate grazing pressure has decreased abundance of wheatgrasses, which have S been replaced by Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass), Koeleria macrantha (junegrass), and Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama grass) MGA23* Blue Grama Grass – Needle-and-Thread This community has been affected by heavy grazing pressure, which has replaced S Grass wheatgrasses with Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama grass) and Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) MGA30* Western Porcupine Grass – Northern Herbaceous community in the Cypress Upland. An intermediate community between R Wheatgrass – Junegrass MGA4 at lower elevations and MGA1 at upper elevations MGB1* Crested Wheatgrass – Pasture Sagewort Modified herbaceous community dominated by Agropyron cristatum (crested M wheatgrass) MGB3* Awnless Brome – Alfalfa – Kentucky Modified herbaceous community dominated by introduced agronomic species M Bluegrass including Bromus inermis (awnless brome), Medicago sativa (alfalfa), and Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) MGB6* Snowberry/Crested Wheatgrass – Pasture Modified community of loamy to sandy range sites. Likely a product of heavy M Sage grazing and invasion of Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass) onto native communities MGB7* Snowberry/Awnless Brome – Kentucky Communities on moist loamy range sites, modified from MGA12 and MGA25. M Bluegrass Native grasses have been lost due to a history of heavy grazing or cultivation MGB8* Snowberry/Canada Thistle – Kentucky Highly disturbed community on moist loamy range sites, almost completely M Bluegrass dominated by disturbance induced weedy species, like Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle)

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LEVEL OF ECOSITE VEGETATION COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION MODIFICATION Loamy MGC4* Snowberry/Needle-and-Thread Grass – Low Community showing alteration due to grazing pressure, decreasing wheatgrass S Sedge – Northern Wheatgrass cover. Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) and Carex duriuscula (low sedge) dominate. Soil exposure is low MGC5 Snowberry/Low Sedge – Northern Shrub community with low to moderate soil exposure on loamy sites. Dominance of S Wheatgrass Carex duriuscula (low sedge) is indicative of past heavy grazing pressure MGC6* Snowberry/Pasture Sagewort – Low Sedge Highly disturbed shrub community. Indicators of heavy grazing pressure are S Carex duriuscula (low sedge) and Artemisia frigida (pasture sage). Moderate to high soil exposure Sandy DMGA13 Western Porcupine Grass – Needle-and- Relatively productive community of moderately coarse textured soils, with a S/R Thread Grass – Sand Grass significant component of Calamovilfa longifolia (sand grass). Low soil exposure DMGA14* Western Wheatgrass – Needle-and-Thread Found on moderately coarse, sandy loam textured soils, with a significant S/R Grass component of Pascopyrum smithii (western wheat grass). Moderate soil exposure MGA16 Needle-and-Thread Grass – Northern Closely resembles MGA14 in composition, but dominance of Calamovilfa longifolia R Wheatgrass – Sand Grass (sand grass) is indicative of coarse-textured soils MGA24* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Low Sedge – This community of loamy to sandy range sites has been affected by moderate S Pasture Sagewort grazing pressure, reducing the composition of taller mid-grass species, such as wheatgrasses and Nassella viridula (green needle grass) MGA25 Snowberry/Northern Wheatgrass – Herbaceous community on loamy to sandy range sites, found commonly on S/R Needle-and-Thread Grass floodplains, on well drained sites. High vegetation cover, dominated by northern wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus) and Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) MGA26 Low Sedge – Pasture Sage – Northern This community has an increased abundance of grazing resistance species, S Wheatgrass particularly Carex duriuscula (low sedge) and Artemisia frigida (pasture sagewort). MGA27 Blue Grama Grass – Low Sedge – Early seral stage of MGA25. Community found on moderate to steep slopes with S Needle-and-Thread Grass potential for soil erosion. Dominance of Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama grass) is a product of heavy grazing pressure MGA28 Snowberry/Needle-and-Thread Grass – Herbaceous community of sand to sandy range sites. Calamovilfa longifolia (sand S Sand Grass – Low Sedge grass) is indicative of coarse textured soils. Cover of Elymus lanceolatus (northern wheatgrass) has been diminished due to grazing pressure MGB4 Awnless Brome – Sand Grass Modified herbaceous community that is likely the product of natural Bromus inermis M (awnless brome) invasion of MGA16 MGB5* Kentucky Bluegrass – Common Dandelion Community characterized by disturbance species and noxious weeds such as M – Awnless Brome Taraxacum officinale (common dandelion) and Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) on sandy to loamy range sites. Generally found on northerly slopes with relatively cool and moist conditions

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

LEVEL OF ECOSITE VEGETATION COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION MODIFICATION Sands DMGA18* Silver Sagebrush/Needle-and-Thread Most stable community in sands ecosite, resembling loamy range sites. Psoralea R Grass – Blue Grama Grass – Junegrass lanceolata (surf pea) and Calamovilfa longifolia (sand grass) indicative of coarse soil texture DMGA19* Silver Sagebrush/Needle-and-Thread Successional stage to DMGA43, with a high proportion of Calamovilfa longifolia S Grass – Sand Grass (sand grass), which is indicative of greater disturbance history DMGA43* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Low Communities found on very coarse to moderately coarse textured soil. Indicator S/R Sedge – Sand Grass species include Psoralea lanceolata (scurf pea), Calamovilfa longifolia (sand grass) and Elaeagnus commutata (silverberry) Choppy DMGA32* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Wild Licorice This community is a product of moderate to heavy grazing pressure. Abundance of S Sandhills Glycyrrhiza lepidota (wild licorice) is indicative of enhanced subsoil moisture DMGC5* Wild Rose/Needle-and-Thread Grass – Sand Relatively stable shrub community found on gentle, moderate, and strong slopes S/R Grass – Low Sedge associated with dune topography. Abundance of Rosa woodsii (rose)) and Symphoricarpos occidentalis (buckbrush). Highly variable soil exposure DMGC6* Choke Cherry/Northern Wheatgrass – Patch type in choppy sandhills sites, occurring on stabilized, steep, north slopes. R Junegrass Prunus virginiana (Choke cherry) is the dominant species in the shrub layer Shallow- DMGA37* Silver Sagebrush – Needle-and-Thread Resembles DMGA3 in composition, with lower productivity due to coarse materials R to-Gravel Grass – Blue Grama Grass – Junegrass (>50 % gravels or cobbles) at or near the soil surface (< 50 cm) DMGA38* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Pasture Herbaceous community, which is a product of moderate to heavy grazing pressure S Sagewort with moderate soil exposure, and an abundance of Artemisia frigida (pasture sagewort) MGA31 Plains Rough Fescue – Northern Community closely resembling MGA1 in the Cypress Upland. Festuca hallii (Plains R Wheatgrass – Western Porcupine Grass rough fescue) is the dominant grass species Gravel DMGA23* Silver Sagebrush/Needle-and-Thread Resembles DMGA3 in composition, with lower productivity due to coarse materials R Grass – Blue Grama Grass –Junegrass (>50 % gravels or cobbles) at or near the soil surface (<20 cm) DMGA33 Needle-and-Thread Grass – Pasture This community is a product of moderate to heavy grazing pressure with moderate S Sagewort soil exposure, and an abundance of Artemisia frigida (pasture sagewort) MGA7 Plains Rough Fescue – Junegrass – Community most commonly found at the upper elevations of the Cypress Upland. R Northern Wheatgrass Oxytropis monticola (late yellow locoweed) and Astragalus agrestis (purple milk vetch) are indicative of gravelly subsoil Thin DMGA22* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Blue Grama Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) dominated community on steeply R Breaks Grass – Junegrass sloping landscapes with <10 % bedrock exposure. Moderate soil exposure DMGA42 Needle-and-Thread Grass – Blue Grama – Community on steep slopes in hummocky and inclined landscapes with high soil S Low Sedge exposure and low vegetation cover MGA8 Plains Rough Fescue – Plains Muhly Community typically found on cooler north slopes at upper elevations in the Cypress R Upland. Muhlenbergia cuspidata (Plains muhly) tends to be associated with increased soil exposure and shallow soils

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

LEVEL OF ECOSITE VEGETATION COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION MODIFICATION Thin MGA20 Northern Wheatgrass – Needle-and-Thread This community occurs at a broad range of elevations, on south facing slopes at R Breaks Grass – Junegrass upper elevations, and more northerly slopes at lower elevations. Dominated by Elymus lanceolatus (northern wheatgrass) with low to moderate soil exposure MGC3 Snowberry/Thread-leaved Sedge – Cover of Elymus lanceolatus (northern wheatgrass) diminished due to grazing S Junegrass pressures. Moderately high soil exposure Limy DMGA24* Silver Sagebrush/Needle-and-Thread Resembles DMGA2 and DMGA3, with lower productivity. Soils have immature and R Grass – Western Wheatgrass – Blue Grama eroded profiles with calcium carbonates at soil surface, or in B horizon Grass Blowout DMGA15 Wheatgrass – Needle-and-Thread Grass – Occur on soils in the mid to latter stages of solonetzic soil development, with S/R Junegrass improved drainage, with a dominance of Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) DMGA16* Western Wheatgrass – Sedge – Needle-and- Relatively productive site on soils in latter phase of solonetzic soil development. S/R Thread Grass Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) and Moss/lichen are abundant DMGA17 Needle-and-Thread Grass – Sandberg Soils in the mid-stages of solonetzic soil development, with increasing cover of S/R Bluegrass Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass). Improved internal drainage and lower soil exposure DMGA30 Sandberg Bluegrass – Northern Wheatgrass Successional stage to DMGA39 on solonetzic soils. Higher cover of Poa secunda S subsp. secunda (Sandberg Bluegrass) indicative of past heavy grazing pressure DMGA31 Silver Sagebrush/Sandberg Bluegrass – Community on moderately well to imperfectly drained solonetzic soils with S Junegrass characteristic eroded pits in the soil surface. Heavy grazing pressure has resulted in replacement of wheat grasses with Poa secunda subsp. secunda (Sandberg bluegrass) DMGA34 Silver Sagebrush/Northern Wheatgrass – Community of moderately well-drained to imperfectly drained solonetzic soils with S/R Junegrass eroded pits on soil surface. Low cover of Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) DMGA35* Needle-and-Thread Grass – Junegrass – Occurs on soils in the latter stages of solonetzic soil development. Among the most S/R Blue Grama Grass productive on blowout sites, with abundance of Hesperostipa comata (needle-and- thread grass) and moss/lichen DMGA39* Wheatgrass – Sandberg Bluegrass This herbaceous community occurs on solonetzic soils with eroded pits on the soil S/R surface, with low cover of Hesperostipa comata (needle-and-thread grass) and moderately high soil exposure MGA5 Needle-and-Thread Grass – Plains Rough Community of the Cypress Uplands, with Festuca hallii (plains rough fescue) R Fescue – Western Wheatgrass dominating deeper soil areas, and Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass) and Koeleria macrantha (junegrass) found in the characteristic blowout pits MGA9 Silver Sagebrush/Northern Wheatgrass – Community on sites in the latter phases of solonetzic soil development in the R Junegrass Cypress Upland. Corresponds with DMGA34, but with much lower soil exposure

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

LEVEL OF ECOSITE VEGETATION COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION MODIFICATION Blowout MGA17 Western Wheatgrass – Junegrass – Sedge A community situated in a complex range site where blowout, clayey and loamy R range sites intermix. Dominance of clay and salt tolerant species such as Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass) and Koeleria macrantha (junegrass) MGC1 Silver Sagebrush/Western Wheatgrass – Herbaceous shrub community at lower elevations in the Cypress Upland. Soil S Junegrass exposure moderately high with dominant cover of Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass) Badlands DMGA36 Blue Grama Grass – Salt Grass – Needle- Mid to lower slope community with relatively low soil exposure. Moisture seepage R and-Thread Grass and saline discharge supports high cover of Distichlis spicata var. stricta (salt grass) DMGC4 Creeping Juniper – Sedge Found on a badlands range site with >10 % bedrock exposure, where Juniperus R horizontalis (creeping juniper) is dominant. Soil exposure is high Clayey DMGA8 Western Wheatgrass – Pasture Sagewort – Opuntia polycantha (prickly pear cactus) is an indicator species of this community, R Prickly Pear Cactus found on fine textured soils, with a low abundance of needle grasses Overflow DMGA1* Western Porcupine Grass – Needle-and- Community found in loamy range sites with enhanced moisture supply. High cover R Thread Grass of Hesperostipa curtiseta (western porcupine grass) indicative of productive soils DMGA40* Western Wheatgrass – Low Sedge Found in micro swales and overflow positions, with enhanced soil moisture. R Nassella viridula (green needle grass) is indicative of overflow conditions DMGA41* Low Sedge – Western Wheat Grass – Successional stage to DMGA40, found in micro swales and overflow positions, with S Green Needle Grass enhanced soil moisture. Nassella viridula (green needle grass) is indicative of overflow conditions. Soil exposure higher than the reference community DMGA45* Western Wheatgrass – Salt Grass – Herbaceous seral community of DMGC1, on overflow and saline lowland sites. High S Gumweed cover of Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass). Abundance of disturbance species, such as Grindelia squarrosa (gumweed) DMGC1* Silver Sagebrush/Western and Northern Shrub community on saline/sodic overflow range sites with an abundance of R Wheatgrass Artemisia cana (silver sagebrush). Elymus lanceolatus and Pascopyrum smithii (northern and western wheatgrass) are dominant grasses DMGC3 Silver Sagebrush/Western Porcupine Grass Shrub herbaceous community found on overflow sites and productive loamy range R – Wheatgrass sites. High cover of Hesperostipa curtiseta (western porcupine grass) indicative of productive, non-saline soils. Little soil exposure DMGC7* Greasewood/Salt Grass – Western Wheat Shrub community found on saline/sodic overflow range sites. Salt tolerant grasses R Grass (Distichlis spicata var. stricta and Pascopyrum smithii) are abundant. Relatively high soil exposure MGB2* Snowberry/Kentucky Bluegrass – Tufted Modified grassland community dominated by Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass). M Hair Grass Found on overflow positions and snow catch areas with locally enhanced moisture supply MGC2* Snowberry/Green Needle Grass – Kentucky Community commonly occurs in snow trap sites with enhanced moisture conditions. S Bluegrass Nassella viridula (green needle grass) dominates, but is prone to invasion from Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass)

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

LEVEL OF ECOSITE VEGETATION COMMUNITY COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION MODIFICATION Saline DMGA20* Silver Sagebrush/Undifferentiated Occurs on depressional and level plain areas with moderate salinity and imperfect S/R Lowlands Wheatgrass drainage. Moderate soil exposure and vegetative cover. Artemisia cana (silver sagebrush) has a dwarfed growth habit on these sites DMGA21* Silver Sagebrush/Wheatgrass – Nuttall’s Shrub herbaceous community on poorly developed saline soils with imperfect S/R Atriplex drainage. High soil exposure. Artemisia cana (silver sagebrush) averages only 0.1m in height DMGA44* Salt Grass – Western Wheatgrass Seral community of DMGA20 with a history of past disturbance. Subdominance of S Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) and Hordeum jubatum (foxtail barley). Relatively high soil exposure MGA6 Salt Grass – Sedge – Western Wheatgrass Found in saline lowland areas in the Cypress Uplands, with a dominance of salt S/R tolerant species, including Distichlis spicata var. stricta (salt grass), Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass) and Puccinellia nuttalliana (Nuttall’s salt-meadow grass) MGA19 Salt Grass – Western Wheatgrass – Sedge Community is found on a complex of range sites with an intermix of saline lowland S/R and loamy range sites. Dominated by salt-tolerant species (Distichlis spicata var. stricta and Pascopyrum smithii) MGA29* Salt Grass – Foxtail Barley – Western Community with a dominance of salt tolerant species, having a cyclical response to S Wheatgrass annual precipitation. Low vegetative cover and high soil exposure in dry cycles, and strong cover of Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass) during wet cycles Notes: DMGA = Dry Mixed Grassland Ecoregion (Adams et al. 2005) R = reference community MGA = Mixed Grassland Ecoregion (Adams et al. 2004) S = successional community * Communities traversed by the Project 2010 M = modified community

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

Attachment I-3

Rare Vascular Plant Species Recorded for Vantage Pipeline in 2010

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

Twenty-three provincially rare vascular plant species were recorded or reported from within the Project Study Area (PSA) and Local Study Area in 2010 (Table I-10). These are discussed below presenting a general overview of these species, with their characteristics, distribution, habitats and significances, their occurrances within the PSA, and general mitigation measures for their management during and after construction. None of the species recorded has been listed by the Canada Species at Risk Act (Government of Canada 2002), COSEWIC (2010) or the Saskatchewan Wildlife Act (Government of Saskatchewan 1998). However the Canadian Endangered Species Conservation Council (2006) listed, Atriplex powellii (Powell’s saltbush) and Astragalus kentrophyta (spiny milk-vetch) as being “May be at Risk”, and Lupinus pusillus (small lupine) as being “Sensitive”. The federal and provincial guidelines for disturbances near sensitive species (CDC 2003, Environment Canada 2009) also list these three. Table I-10

Rare Vascular Plant Species Recorded on the Vantage Pipeline GENERAL PROVINCIAL/ QUARTER NUMBER HABITAT VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES COMMON NAME GLOBAL RANKS SECTIONS OF SITES CLASSES Alopecurus carolinianus Carolina or tufted foxtail S1/G5 1 7 CA Astragalus kentrophyta spiny milk-vetch S1/G5T4 1 1* SP var. kentrophyta Atriplex powellii Powell’s saltbush S1/G5 2 15 CA Tetraneuris acaulis stemless rubberweed S1/G5T5 1 1 DR Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann’s spike-rush S2/G4G5Q 3 3 CD Epilobium pygmaeum smooth boisduvalia S2/G5 1 1 CD Mirabilis linearis linear-leaved four o’clock S2/G5 1 1 NP Phlox alyssifolia blue or blue wild phlox S2/G5 5 5 DR, XB Astragalus spatulatus tufted milk-vetch S2S3/G5 1 2 XB Bidens frondosa common beggar-ticks S2S3/G5 4 4 CD Rorippa curvipes yellow cress S2S3/G5 5 26 CD Schedonnardus paniculatus prairie tumble-grass S2S3/G5 2 2 CA, DR subsp. paniculatus Plantago patagonica wooly plantain S2S4/G5 7 50 NP, SP var. patagonia Almutaster pauciflorus few-flowered aster S3/G4 1 1 AS Astragalus lotiflorus low or lotus milk-vetch S3/G5 9 16 NP Eremogone congesta rocky-ground sandwort S3/G5T3T5 1 2 XB var. lithophila NP, SP, Hedeoma hispida rough false pennyroyal S3/G5 9 28 CA Hymenopappus filifolius tufted hymenopappus or S3/G5T4T5 8 14 XB, NP var. polycephalus wooly white Lupinus pusillus small lupine S3/G5T5 2 11 SP var. pusillus Navarretia leucocephala least or small navarretia S3/G4T4? 1 1 WD subsp. minima Oenothera flava low yellow S3/G5 3 4 CD subsp. flava evening-primrose Polygala alba white milkwort S3/G3 15 >186 NP, DR

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

GENERAL PROVINCIAL/ QUARTER NUMBER HABITAT VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES COMMON NAME GLOBAL RANKS SECTIONS OF SITES CLASSES Erigeron compositus dwarf mountain fleabane S3?/G5 1 2 XB var. glabellus Sedum lanceolatum lance-leaved stonecrop S3?/G5T3T5 1 1 XB subsp. lanceolatum Notes: *Reported by Keystone XL but not relocated Sites are 5.6 m radius area General Habitat Classes: AS = Alkaline Seepage, CA = Alkaline Cropland, CD = Moist Cropland Depression, DR = Disturbed Roadside, NP = Native Prairie, SP = Sandland Prairie, WD = Wetland Depression, XB = Xeric Barrens Critically Imperiled in Saskatchewan (Rank S1) The Critically Imperiled (S1) Rank is the highest such Subnational Conservation Status Rank in which there have been five or less known populations for the species in the province, or the species is particularly vulnerable to extirpation because of other factors. Three vascular plant species that have this rank were recorded from the Vantage pipeline survey in 2010, as follows: Alopecurus carolinianus (Carolina foxtail), Atriplex powellii (Powell’s saltbush) and Tetraneuris acaulis var. acaulis (stemless rubberweed) (CDC 2010d). Additionally, one other Criticaly Imperiled species, Astragalus kentrophyta (spiny milk-vetch), was reported from the PSA by the Keystone XL (Jacques Whitford – Axys 2009) survey, but could not be relocated during the 2010 survey. None of these species are addressed by the Canada Species at Risk Act (Government of Canada 2002, 2010); however, the northwestern-most portion of the pipeline in Alberta is reported to have two SARA species in the RSA, Halimolobos virgata (lesser mouse-eared cress) and Chenopodium subglabrum (smooth narrow-leaved goosefoot) (ACIMS 2010a). All of these species shall be sought in the 2011 survey of the pipeline. Due to the restriction of the distribution, population sizes or environmental sensitivity of these species or their habitats, particular attention and care must be given to their protection during the construction of the pipeline, including setbacks of at least 25 m (CDC 2003) and local rerouting. Several other Critically Imperiled species that were reported from the portion of the pipeline south and southwest of Tompkins, were not recorded during the present survey, as for example, Atriplex truncata (wedge-scale saltbush), Cryptantha celesioides (Macoun’s cryptanthe) and Ranunculus cardiophyllus (heart-leaved buttercup). Future surveys will determine whether these species occur on the Vantage PSA. Alopecurus carolinianus Walt. (Carolina or tufted foxtail) This is a low annual grass that has a narrowly cylindric inflorescence with lemnas that produce reflexed awns that are over 6 mm long and are exserted over 1.5 mm beyond the glumes, and are attached toward the base or lower quarter of the lemna, and has anthers that are less than 0.8 mm long. It differs from the more common Alopecurus aequalis (short-awned foxtail) that has non-exserted awns that are attached to the mid-point of the lemna and are not noticeably reflexed (Barkworth et al. 2007, Gleason & Cronquist 1991). It is distributed in the three western provinces of Canada and across the United States except for Nevada and several of the New England states (USDA Plants 2010). It has a rank of Critically Imperiled (S1) in Saskatchewan, Utah and West Virginia, Imperiled (S2) in British Columbia and Wyoming, and Vulnerable (S3) in Alberta and three southeastern states. Its habitats across its range includes subhygric sites in prairie wetlands, as well as abandoned fields, waste areas and roadsides, floodplains and lowland woods (The Great Plains Flora Association 1986). It is reported to reproduce through vegetative, asexual reproduction and has survived ruminant digestion, and be locally weedy elsewhere in the continent (NatureServe 2010, USDA Plants 2010).

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

This species was recorded from only one quarter section (SW 13-09-20 W3M) northwest of Shaunavon where it occurred as a population of over 50 plants in a previously tilled poor hay cropland on somewhat alkaline, poorly-drained clay loam (refer to Table 13-5 in the Mitigation Section 13.3.5). This site occurred in association with the rare Rorippa curvipes (yellow cress). It also was reported from the adjacent Vantage Pipeline in a disturbed site with low species diversity and cattle pugging (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009). This species extended from the proposed trench line northward onto the (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009) ROW, and possibly also southward across the cropland. Mitigation that could be considered includes:  marking and avoiding the population;  determining the extent of the population with respect to the ROW and workspace;  narrowing the ROW if appropriate;  collecting seed for transplanting following development;  digging and transplanting the plants to a suitable nearby habitat; and  monitor survival of the species post-construction. Astragalus kentrophyta A. Gray var. kentrophyta (prickly milk-vetch) This is mat-forming low, perennial herb with alternate pinnate leaves that have small, stiff, spine-tipped leaflets, clusters of yellowish white flowers in the leaf axils and small, hairy pods. It has strong taproots that anchor it in shifting sands and grow deeply to attain water in dry sandy soils (Kershaw et al. 2001). Within the study area it is similar to Phlox alyssifolia (blue wild phlox) that has opposite, simple leaves with sharp tips but notable cilia along their lower margins (Moss 1983). This is the only of nine varieties of this species that occurs in Canada. Its distribution is restricted in Canada to southern Saskatchewan and Alberta, and to the central and northern prairie states southward to include Colorado and Kansas (NatureServe 2010). It is Critically Imperiled (S1) in Saskatchewan and Imperiled (S2) in Alberta and Wyoming, and Vulnerable in Montana (CDC 2010d, Kemper 2009, NatureServe 2010). This significant species was reported from within the Vantage PSA in quarter section SE 25-15-25 W3M where it was discovered during the survey of the adjacent Vantage Pipeline (Jacques Whitford-Axys 2009). However, a thorough search during the present survey at the reported exact UTM and for 100 m around it did not result in any observations of any plants. The habitat at this point was a subxeric sand plain with frequent low shrubs and some disturbance from cattle trails. Prior to pipeline development an additional thorough search along the PSA and its vicinity in the early summer of 2011 will be necessary for this Critically Imperiled species. The Saskatchewan activity restriction guidelines have recommended setbacks for this species, and the most appropriate minimum setback for the anticipated levels of disturbance would be Medium (25) (CDC 2003). Considering the species’ significance, mitigation options will include the following:  the reported or newly discovered sites will be clearly flagged and fenced within and beyond the PSA;  the position with respect to the ROW and TWS boundary will be calculated;  if the sites lie within the proposed PSA, a realignment or rerouting of the pipeline should be considered with the 25 m setback taken into consideration; and  in case the pipeline cannot be realigned, if the sites lie near the PSA’s outer boundary, the TWS should be narrowed and strict supervision to avoid the plant(s) during construction.

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

Atriplex powellii S. Wats. var. powellii (Powell’s saltbush, Powell’s orach) This distinctive, dioeceous, annual low herb has many stiff, erect silvery branches that develop from top of the single tap root, deltoid-shaped, stiff, silvery, three-nerved leaves, and oblong-crested fruiting bracteoles that are easily seen at the bract bases. It is the only one of two varieties that occurs in Canada (Flora of North America 2010). It differs from the rare A. truncata (wedge-leaved orach) that has inconspicuously one-nerved leaves, and fruiting bracteoles that have three teeth at their tips (Moss 1983). In Canada it occurs only in Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan and in the United States it occurs from Montana and North Dakota to New Mexico and Arizona with an outlier in Oregon (NatureServe 2010). It is uncommon or rare in much of its range, but perhaps is common to locally abundant only in Colorado Plateau region of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona (Flora of North America 2010). It has a rank of Critically Imperiled (S1) in Saskatchewan, Alberta and Nebraska, Imperiled (S2) in Wyoming, and Vulnerable (S3) in Montana (NatureServe 2010). Its habitat across its range includes often alkaline plains, backshores and colluvial runout slopes and shelves of badland landforms (Scoggan 1978). It was recorded from only two adjacent quarter sections along the Vantage Pipeline route (SE 14-8-8 W2M, SE 14-8-8 W2M), southwest of Ponteix (Table 13-5), where in one it occurred in a poor native pasture and in the other it was in a poor hay cropland, both on alkaline clay loam. Its main microhabitat was small, low deposits of the alkaline sandy substrate, apparently only about 20 cm above the surrounding plain, each extending over only several metres square, and possibly originating from the excavation of ground squirrel burrows. The general associated community includes Sarcobatus vermiculatus (black greasewood) and Puccinellia nuttalliana (Nuttall’s salt-grass). The population extended both along and off the PSA and is estimated to be 50 to 100 plants at 15 sites within the present ROW and its immediate vicinity along about 800 m, with the greater concentration in the eastern third of location. The Saskatchewan activity restriction guidelines have recommended setbacks for this species, and the most appropriate minimum setback for the anticipated levels of disturbance would be Medium (25 m) (CDC 2003). This population as well as this community may prove to be significant within the province. The plants have firm roots in readily excavated soils; however, the microclimate conditions may be difficult to emulate if transplanting were considered as a mitigation measure. The seed production by this species is limited. Mitigation that may be considered includes:  resurvey the area in mid-summer to determine the extent of the population;  rerouting or realigning the pipeline PSA to the south of the presently proposed route;  mark and avoid the known sites;  narrow the work space as required at the site;  cover the plants with protective mats;  closely monitor construction activity; and  monitor survival of the species post-construction. Tetraneuris acaulis (Pursh) Greene var. acaulis [SYN: Hymenoxys acaulis (Pursh) Parker] (stemless rubberweed, butte marigold, stemless four-nerve-daisy) This is a low, cespitose, perennial herb with a tuft of distinctive silvery-hairy, linear leaves and an erect flowering stem with single head with yellow ray flowers (Moss 1983). In Canada, it is restricted to southern Saskatchewan and Alberta, and in the United States it occurs in the western states between Montana and North Dakota, southward to New Mexico and Texas (NatureServe 2010). It has a rank of

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

Critically Imperiled (S1) in Saskatchewan and Imperiled (S2) in Kansas (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). Its habitats in Canada are xeric, rocky and gravelly situations of eroded hillsides, cliffs and river valley rims (Moss 1983). This is the only one of five varieties of this species that occurs in Canada (NatureServe 2010). This distinctive species was recorded at only one quarter section along the Vantage Pipeline route (SW 16-5-22 W2M), east of Bengough (Table 13-5). The single plant occurred on the subxeric slope of an old roadcut in association with slope crest barrens community species, such as Phlox hoodii (moss phlox), Erigeron caespitosus (tufted fleabane) and Gutierrezia sarothrae (common broomweed), and also with the provincially rare species, Polygala alba (white milkwort) and Phlox alyssifolia (blue wild phlox). The single recorded plant of this species lies immediately adjacent to the PSA’s northern boundary, and is accompanied by the above two rare species, both of which have notably large populations. The Saskatchewan activity restriction guidelines have recommended setbacks for this species, and the most appropriate minimum setback for the anticipated levels of disturbance would be Medium (25) (CDC 2003). It has a solid tap root that is set in gravelly soil. Mitigation for this species may include:  determine the exact location of the plant with respect to the ROW and trench line;  rerouting or realigning the PSA to a different location;  shifting the trench line and narrowing the work space;  marking and avoiding the site;  covering the plant with a protective cover; and  transplanting the plant with a suitably large soil plug and to a nearby, suitable habitat. Imperiled in Saskatchewan (Rank S2) This is Subnational Conservation Status Rank that implies that there are marginally more than six and up to 20 known locations in the province for the species or that it is vulnerable to extirpation due to other factors. Four species at this rank were recorded from the vantage Pipeline route, as follows: Eleocharis engelmannii (Engelmann’s spike-rush), Epilobium pygmaeum (smooth boisduvalia or spike-primrose), Mirabilis linearis (linear-leaved four o’clock) and Phlox alyssifolia subsp. alyssifolia (blue wild phlox). One of these species is from moraine plain native prairie, two from fallow cropland depressions and one from barrens and disturbed ground. Mitigation for these species also is necessary for their protection. Eleocharis engelmannii Steud. (Engelmann’s spike-rush) This low annual graminoid presents a rosette ascending of leafless culms with a distinctive gradient of lengths having the longest on the outside and shortest on the inside. Each culm is tipped with a terminal spike that produces abundant seeds, and its basal sheath lacks a bristle tip. The fruits are distinctive in having their tubercle (cap) being as broad as the fruit and being less than ¼ of its length, and the flora bristles very short and apparently adhering to the base of the fruit. It is distributed in the southern portions of Canada between Ontario and British Columbia, and essentially throughout the United States, except for five western and three eastern states where it appears to relatively common. It has a rank of Imperiled (S2) in Saskatchewan, but is Critically Imperiled (S1) in British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba and Ontario, as well as in five eastern states, and is Vulnerable (S3) in three eastern states (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). Its habitat across its range includes wet ground of marshes, ditches, ponds and lakes (Great Plains Flora Association 1986), and in Saskatchewan it occurs in slough and drying flooded areas of cultivated fields (Maher et al. 1979, NatureServe 2010).

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This species was recorded from three quarter sections along the Vantage Pipeline route (Table 13-5), in each case in a hygric, drawndown depression in a previously tilled cropland. Its populations here formed locally extensive and dense carpets on the ground, associated with a mixture of decidedly weedy, successional species, such as biennial wormwood and wild oat, and persisting wetland species, such as curled dock and slough grass, and two other rare species, Rorippa curvipes (yellow cress) and Oenothera flava (low yellow evening-primrose). In all three instances, the populations occurred in previously tilled sites that likely will be retilled under suitable weather conditions, and appeared to extend beyond the PSA. In drier years these sites would have been ploughed, but since the typical habitats in this province and Alberta include this situation, the seed bank appears to be able to tolerate these disturbances. The quality of the soils at the sites lends itself to digging carpets of the plants. Mitigation for this species could include:  determine the extent of the populations with respect to the PSA;  mark and avoid the sites by narrowing TWS;  collect seeds for later planting; and  dig and replant plant carpets. Epilobium pygmaeum (Speg.) Hoch & Raven [SYN: Boisduvalia glabella (Nutt.) Walp.] (smooth boisduvalia or spike-primrose) This is a low to medium height, annual herb that has a fibrous root, branches at its base with several ascending branches, alternate leaves with small pink flowers in their axils, and capsules that mature by late summer (Moss 1983, Kershaw et al. 2001). It is distributed in the three western provinces in Canada and in the western states between Arizona and North Dakota, except Colorado, in the United States (NatureServe 2010). It has a rank of Imperiled (S2) in Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia and Wyoming, and is Critically Imperiled (S1) in North Dakota and Utah (Nature Serve 2010, CDC 2010d, Kemper 2009). Its habitats include often alkaline clay loams of dried stream banks, slough basins, mud flats and other moist depressions in native prairie and cultivated situations. It was recorded only once along the Vantage Pipeline route, southwest of Limerick (Table 13-5). Its habitat was a formerly tilled cropland depression that was exceedingly weedy with prickly lettuce and beggar’s-ticks, but was associated with the rare Rorippa curvipes (yellow cress) and Bidens frondosa (common beggar’s-ticks). This annual species would have produced mature fruits and seeds during 2010, and the tilled soils would facilitate digging the plants or the seed bank. The recorded plants were situated within the TWS for the pipeline. Mitigation could include:  mark and avoid the site;  resurvey the depression south of the PSA for additional plants;  collect fruits and seeds in late growing season; and  dig seed-bearing surface soil at the site and replant off site (having cleared weed seeds first). Mirabilis linearis (Pursh) Heimerl [SYN: M. hirsuta auct. non (Pursh) MacM. var. linearis (Pursh) Boivin] (linear-leaved four o’clock, narrowleaf umbrella-wort) This erect, low to medium height perennial herb has narrowly linear, less than 5 mm wide, glabrous opposite leaves and that has glandular hairs restricted to the inflorescence and only the upper stem. The

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results similar and more widespread Mirabilis hirsuta (narrow-leaved four o’clock) has somewhat less narrow leaves that are wider at their base and have glandular hairs evident throughout the middle and lower stem, nodes and foliage (Moss 1983, Gleason & Cronquist 1991). This is the only one of three varieties of this species that occurs in Canada (NatureServe 2010). It is restricted to the three prairie provinces in Canada, but occupies the western two-thirds of the United States, except for the three northwestern states and Iowa, and with natural occurrences in three of the eastern states. It is ranked as being Imperiled (S2) in Saskatchewan and Vulnerable (S3) in Wyoming (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). Its habitats across is range include subxeric native prairies, open brush and open grove margins. It was recorded at only one quarter section along the Vantage Pipeline route northeast of Maple Creek. It occurred as a single plant in subxeric native prairie on a gently rolling moraine. It also may have occurred elsewhere, but the field identifications of narrow-leaved individuals of four o’clock plants were not dependable. This perennial has a relatively well-developed root system, but produces only limited number of seeds. The mitigation measures that could be considered are:  mark and avoid the site;  if the plant is at the fringe of the TWS, narrow the TWS;  cover the plants with a protective mat during construction; and  dig and transplant the individual to an adjacent suitable site during construction. Phlox alyssifolia Greene subsp. alyssifolia (blue or blue wild phlox) This very low, carpet-forming perennial herb has almost sessile pale blue to purple flowers and stiff leaves that are ciliate along their lower margins. The more common Phlox hoodii (moss phlox) has white flowers and more lax leaves that lack ciliate margins. This is the only one of three subspecies that occurs in Canada (NatureServe 2010). Its distribution in Canada is limited to the three westernmost provinces, and in the United States to the northern five prairie states, including North Dakota (NatureServe 2010). It is ranked as Imperiled (S2) in Saskatchewan (CDC 2010d) and vulnerable in Wyoming. Its habitat across its range include dry, gravelly slopes of hills, valleys, and lower mountains (Moss 1983), and in Saskatchewan it is locally frequent on the crests of the mesas along the southern border and vicinity. It was recorded along the Vantage Pipeline route in five quarter sections. Its habitats included natural situations such as a valley upper slope and hill mid-slope on xeric to subxeric gravelly or rocky soil in the slope crest barrens community, and in disturbed situations such as along an abandoned gravelly roadway and along the banks of township road cuts. The populations at the natural situations tended to be small and restricted in extent, while those in the disturbed sites were more extensive and had up to 400 clusters with vigorous growth. This latter growth vigor may be a result of the gravelly disturbed habitat emulating the preferred natural habitat that occurs on the mesas and hills south of the pipeline route. Each carpet of this perennial has a stiff tap root that extends over a decimetre into the ground. The loose gravels and sands of the habitat are difficult to penetrate and sensitive to shifting, thus potentially damaging the root system in transplanting. All the sites lie in direct line of the proposed ROW for the pipeline. Mitigation for this species should consider:  reroute or realign the TWS and trenchline;  greatly narrowing the PSA;  marking the plants and avoiding disturbance to them;

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 covering the plants with protective mats;  digging the carpets and replanting following construction; and  monitoring survival of the species post-construction. Imperiled to Vulnerable in Saskatchewan (Rank S2S3) This is a Variant Subnational Conservation Status Rank that implies that there are marginally to somewhat more than 20 known populations for this species in the province, or may be vulnerable to extirpation due to other factors. There are four species that are in this Rank, as follows: Astragalus spatulatus (tufted milk-vetch), Bidens frondosa (common beggarticks), Rorippa curvipes (blunt-leaved yellow cress) and Schedonnardus paniculatus (prairie tumble-grass). Mitigation for these species during pipeline construction is required. Astragalus spatulatus Sheld. (tufted milk-vetch) This low perennial is densely cespitose with silvery narrow leaves that are either, simple, bi or trifoliate, and has blue flowers, and resembles the common Astragalus gilviflorus (cushion milk-vetch) which has broader tri-foliate leaves and yellow flowers. Its habitat is the more xeric, shallow-soiled situations of valley slopes and hill tops on the open plains and prairies. This species is restricted in Canada to Alberta and Saskatchewan, and in the western United States to between North Dakota to Kansas and Idaho to Utah. It is Imperiled/Vulnerable (S2/S3) in Saskatchewan, and is Vulnerable (S3) in Alberta and Idaho (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). It was located from one quarter section along the Vantage PSA and its immediate vicinity (Table 13-5) at the crest of a west-facing coulee slope on xeric gravelly sand associated with a slope crest barrens community (refer to Table 13-2). No evidence of flowers or fruits was observed during the survey. Only one location was reported from the adjacent Vantage Pipeline, but apparently considerably south of the study area. Both of the sites for this species lie somewhat off or just within the proposed TWS at the crest of the coulee slope. The plants here have relatively deep taproots in a rocky soil of fragmented bedrock, and the option of digging and replanting them may be problematic and ultimately unsuccessful for their survival. Similarly, there is no information about the success of reestablishment from seed collections. Mitigation options would be limited here to:  marking the plants and narrowing the TWS;  determining the exact location of the plants with respect to the present work space;  covering the plants with protective matting,  rerouting or realigning the TWS; and  monitoring survival of the species post-construction. Bidens frondosa L. (common or tall beggarticks) This is a low to medium height annual herb with three to five-foliate leaves, an open panicle of rayless flowers and two-awned fruits, in heads that are subtended by five to eight bract-like ‘calyculi’ that are sparsely ciliate and pubescent. This species resembles Bidens vulgata (common beggar’s-ticks) which is more robust, and consistently has well more than ten calyculi that are strongly and stiffly ciliate along their margins and are densely strigillose on their surfaces. Both are phenotypically plastic, and often are difficult to confidently separate (Flora of North America 2009). This species is distributed across North

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America, except for the territories and Labrador (NatureServe 2010). It has an intermediate Rank of Imperiled/Vulnerable (S2S3) in Saskatchewan (CDC 2010d), Imperiled (2) in Alberta and Wyoming, and Vulnerable (S3) in Iowa, and is introduced in British Columbia (NatureServe 2010). Its habitat across its range includes moist ground of pond and stream shores, lowland woods openings and margins, and ditches and moist waste places (Kershaw et al. 2001). It was recorded from four quarter sections along the Vantage Pipeline route in subhygric depressions of previously tilled croplands at three locations and in an alkaline township road ditch at one location. Typically it occurred in a successional community with opportunistic native and introduced species, but at three locations it occurred in association with the provincially rare Rorippa curvipes (yellow cress), Epilobium pygmaeum (smooth boisduvalia), Oenothera flava (low yellow evening-primrose), and Eleocharis engelmannii (Engelmann’s spikerush). Its populations varied from a single plant to over 50 plants. This species produces copious seeds in late summer; however, the seeds have barbs that readily stick to clothing and can be readily spread. As well, it has a simple tap root in easily tilled soils. The previously tilled site that supported the plants of this species probably will be replanted with crops in suitable conditions. Mitigation for this species could include:  collection of seed in late summer for re-planting if deemed valuable;  a second survey should determine the extent of the population off the PSA; and  fruiting plants should be removed from the PSA prior to development and workers’ clothing should be cleaned before leaving the site. Rorippa curvipes Greene (blunt-leaved yellow cress) This annual, or rarely perennial, low herb has small-petalled yellow flowers and small bottle-shaped fruits that are produced throughout the later half of the growing season, and tends to have a growth pattern in which the stem supports branches that spread horizontally, suspended just above the ground. The recent treatment in Flora of North America does not separate the several varieties of this species, such as var. truncata that is cited in Voss 2006 (Flora of North America 2010). It differs from the more common R. palustris (marsh yellow cress) that has a longer peduncle (>3 mm), and from the more rare R. tenerrima (slender yellow cress) that has distinctly pinnately divided or regularly toothed basal leaves and narrower, unconstructed, papillose fruits (Moss 1983, Kershaw et al. 2001, Flora of North America 2010). Its habitats elsewhere tend to be the shores of lakes and ponds, mud flats, marshes, sand bars, moist grounds and stream sides. It is distributed essentially throughout the western half of North America with additional location in two of the central states (NatureServe 2010). In Saskatchewan it currently has an intermediate Rank of Imperiled/Vulnerable (S2S3) (CDC 2010d), although in Alberta and elsewhere, it’s Rank has been undecided due to ongoing taxonomic problems (NatureServe 2010). It was recorded from five quarter sections along the Vantage Pipeline (Table 13-5), at 26 sites, generally with populations of only several to less than 40 individuals, but at one site with over 200 individuals. It’s typical native habitat was in subhygric shallow depressions with natural marsh fringes; however, it’s most vigorous populations were in the subhygric depressions of previously ploughed or fallow croplands where it often was associated with other rare species, such as Eleocharis engelmannii (Engelmann’s spikerush), Alopecurus carolinianus (Carolina foxtail) or Bidens frondosa (common beggar’s-ticks). In both the natural and the tilled situations, the individuals are well-adapted to the seasonal drawdown from the nearshore, both have a profuse production of fruits and seeds during the growing season. Digging and transplanting would not be appropriate given the generally annual nature of the plant Mitigation could include:

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 marking the limits of the populations; and  collecting seeds and replanting the seeds after construction. Schedonnardus paniculatus (Nutt.) Trel. (prairie tumble-grass) This slender, low perennial grass is readily distinguished byit’s distinctive inflorescence that has a central axis with widely-spaced alternating branches, growing from 10 cm to 70 cm tall (Moss 1983). This grass occurs in Canada between British Columbia and Manitoba, and in central and western United States between the western Great Lakes and Mississippi River and the west coast, except for the three northwestern states. It has an Imperiled/Vulnerable rank (S2S3) in Saskatchewan, an Imperiled rank in Manitoba, and is Vulnerable (S3) in Alberta, but is exotic in British Columbia (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010).it’s habitats include often alkaline plains and disturbed situations, and it is considered to be weedy in Nebraska (Stubbendieck et al. 1994). This species was recorded from two adjacent quarter sections along the Vantage PSA (Table 13-5), as a single plant along the edge of a cropland on somewhat alkaline soil, and also off the PSA as a large population of almost 150 plants along the gravelly edge of the adjacent range road that skirted the shore of an alkaline marsh. This plant has a very shallow root system, and prefers the alkaline soil conditions of the road side gravels. It’s single plant site is vulnerable to destruction from the pipeline development, and the roadside site is vulnerable from increased heavy vehicle damage. No information is available about the success in germinating seed for this species. Mitigation measures could include:  marking and avoiding the single plant site;  marking the roadside population and monitor heavy vehicle traffic at that site; and  digging and replanting the plants into a suitable alkaline pond margin site. Imperiled to Apparently Secure in Saskatchewan (Rank S2S4) This Variant Subnational Conservation Status Rank implies that there are more than 20 known populations for this species in the province, or that the species has the different ranks under different habitat situations or in different parts of its distribution. One species has this rank: Plantago patagonica var. patagonica (woolly or Pursh’s plantain). Application of the recommended mitigation actions for this species still is recommended. Plantago patagonica Jacq. var. patagonica (woolly or Pursh’s plantain) This low annual herb has a rosette of silvery-hairy, ascending, narrow leaves and an erect, tight raceme, and differs from the more common Plantago elongata (linear-leaved plantain) which has narrower, glabrous leaves (Moss 1983). It is distributed in Canada between British Columbia and Manitoba, and across the United States in essentially all but 10 of the eastern states. It has been reported be weedy or invasive in North Dakota (Anon 1988), but has an intermediate rank of Imperiled/Secure (S2S4) in Saskatchewan where it is essentially restricted to the Parkland and Grassland Ecoregions (CDC 2010d). Only until recently it also was considered to be Vulnerable in Alberta (NatureServe 2010). This species was recorded from seven quarter sections and 50 sites along the PSA andit’s immediate vicinity (Table 13-5), and was reported from nine locations on sandy, exposed and hilly native grasslands along the adjacent Vantage pipeline (Jacques Whitford – Axys 2009). This prairie species’ habitats elsewhere include dry sandy or rocky plains, hillsides, and badlands, and disturbed sites such as roadsides (The Great Plains Flora Association 1986). Along the PSA it was recorded from subxeric native

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results grasslands on moraine plain, sand plain, southerly or westerly facing upper slopes or incised valleys or coulees, along vehicle tracks across native prairie and sparsely in a hay crop. The population sizes ranged from isolated individuals or small groups, to in the case of the vehicle track 700 plants. This species has a short tap root system that reproduces by seed, and while it typically is an annual, it can also be a winter-annual, biennial or short-lived perennial. Mitigation measures for this species could include:  determine the extent of the plants with respect to the boundaries of the ROW;  narrow the ROW where appropriate;  collection of seed after mid-September; or  digging and replanting. The last-named may be the least successful due to the often loose soil and susceptibility of the small root system. Vulnerable in Saskatchewan (Rank S3) This Subnational Conservation Status Rank indicated that there are up to 100 known occurrences or that it is somewhat vulnerable due to other factors, such as, restricted range, relatively small population sizes, or other factors. Ten species recorded along the Vantage Pipeline have this Rank, as follows: Almutaster pauciflorus (few-flowered aster), Astragalus lotiflorus low milk-vetch), Eremogone congesta var. lithophila (rocky-ground sandwort), Hedeoma hispida (rough false pennyroyal), Hymenopappus filifolius var. polycephalus (tufted hymenopappus or woolywhite), Lupinus pusillus subsp. pusillus (small lupine), Lysimachia hybrida subsp. hybrida (lance-leaved loosestrife), Navarretia leucocephala subsp. minima (least navarretia), Oenothera flava subsp. flava (low yellow evening-primrose) and Polygala alba (white milkwort). Mitigation is not compulsory for these species; however steps to protect them where feasible are recommended. Almutaster pauciflorus (Nutt.) A. & D. Love [SYN: Aster pauciflorus Nutt.] (few-flowered aster) This medium height, perennial herb is distinctive in having open panicles of white flowers on stipitate- glandular branches and stems (Moss 1983, Kershaw et al. 2001). In Canada it occurs from the prairie provinces and the southern portions of the Northwest Territories, while in the United States it occurs in the southwestern states as well as Wyoming and the Dakotas. It’s overall habitats span intermittently wet alkaline or saline soil of shorelines, steambanks, marshes and seepage areas with open exposures (NatureServe 2010). It is considered to be Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan, and is Imperiled (S2) in Alberta and Wyoming (CDC 2010d, Kemper 2009). This species was recorded from only one site on the Vantage PSA, in a broad, open stream valley where there was somewhat alkaline seepage along the slope base and also from stream itself that flowed through an alkaline plain. It has a population of over 50 individuals in full flowering condition. This population occurred entirely within the boundary of the proposed PSA with no apparent individuals on either side. Mitigation for the population could involve:  rerouting the PSA to the east or west;  marking the individuals;  narrowing the work space; and  digging and replanting the individuals upstream or downstream from the ROW.

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Astragalus lotiflorus Hook. (low or lotus milk-vetch) This is a low, perennial that forms rosettes of pinnately compound leaves with narrow leaflets and has short-stemmed inflorescences of creamy flowers and somewhat hairy pods, and differs from the similar Astragalus purshii (Pursh’ milk-vetch) which has broader leaflets and notably more hairy pods. Additionally it can be distinguished from vegetative rosettes of the common Oxytropis monticola (late yellow locoweed) which has an enlarged terminal bud. In Canada this species occurs across the western provinces in prairie situations, and in the United States in the prairie states west of the Mississippi, from the northern border to Mexico. It has a Rank of Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan and British Columbia and Wyoming, and is Critically Imperiled (S1) in Manitoba (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). It is reported to have a considerable variety of habitats across its range, including lakeshores, pond margins, active sandy blowouts, open woodlands and thickets, roadsides and disturbed areas (The Great Plains Flora Association 1986). It was recorded from eight quarter sections and 16 sites along the Vantage Pipeline route (Table 13-5) in a wide variety of habitat situations, including till plain and moraine hills with subxeric native prairie, valley slope rim and back-crest with xeric slope crest barrens community, and broadly rolling low sand dunes with stabilized native prairie. Invariably it occurred as single, very widely-spaced individuals, although at one site it presented eleven plants in a few metres. It was recorded along the adjacent Vantage pipeline at four sites, also with low numbers of individuals (Jacques Whitford – Axys 2009). This species has a relatively vigorous and small tap root, and produces two to five mature fruits in the late growing season. Its sites along the pipeline route generally are on stable soils. Mitigation that may be considered includes:  marking the plant sites;  determine the extent of the plants with respect to the boundaries of the ROW;  cover the sites with protective matting;  digging and replanting following construction; and  collect fruits in late growing season for transplanting after construction. Eremogone congesta (Nutt.) Ikon var. lithophila (Rydb.) Dorn [SYN: Arenaria congesta Nutt. var. lithophila (Rydb.) Mag.] (rocky-ground or loosehead sandwort) This low perennial is cespitose with narrow basal leaves and a glandular, erect flowering stem with a relatively compact inflorescence. The similar E. capillaris (fescue sandwort) of Alberta, with non-glandular stems and open panicles, has not been recorded for the province. This is the sole one of 11 varieties of this species in North America that occurs in Canada, where it is restricted to Alberta and Saskatchewan, and in the United States it extends between Montana, Idaho, Utah, Colorado and Wyoming (NatureServe 2010). It is Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan, and Imperiled (S2) in Wyoming (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). Its habitats include dry prairie slopes and ridges, and shallow-soiled mountain slopes. It was recorded from two sites in one quarter section along the Vantage PSA, in NE31-10-21W3, both near the crest of a south-facing valley slope on xeric to subxeric gravelly loam slope crest barrens community, associated with the rare Sedum lanceolatum (lance-leaved stonecrop), Erigeron compositus (dwarf mountain fleabane) and other subxeric rocky habitat species.

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This species has a fine root system in the loose gravelly soils of its habitat, and it occurs as individual plants or in loose carpets. Its inflorescences produce copious seeds by mid-summer; mitigation that may be appropriate for this species includes:  seed collection by mid-summer;  marking and avoiding the sites;  using protective matting to cover the plants;  digging and replanting the plants using suitably large soil blocks to protect the roots from the loose soil movement, probably late in the growing season; and  narrowing the TWS. Hedeoma hispida Pursh (rough false pennyroyal) This is a distinctive low, erect, annual herb that has profuse whorls of strongly mint-scented flowers and fruits. It is distributed across Canada except for the eastern maritime provinces and territories, and in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, except for several eastern coastal states (NatureServe 2010). It is ranked as Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan and Wyoming, but is Critically Imperiled (S1) in British Columbia and Manitoba (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). Habitats across its range include xeric to mesic sites of prairies, open woods and margins, pastures, roadsides, slopes, rocklands and disturbed sites (The Great Plains Flora Association 1986). By the time the surveys were conducted, the plants of this species were well past their fruiting season, nevertheless, their distinctive, stiff old stems were readily recognized and remained readily identifiable. This species occurred in nine quarter sections at 28 sites along the pipeline route (Table 13-5). Its habitats included broadly to moderately rolling moraine hills on subxeric native prairies, coulee west-facing slope base prairie, and coulee basin mesic to subhygric alkaline plain meadow, as well as along vehicle tracks across the prairies. In many cases there were only small populations of less than 25 plants, but several has populations of over 500 plants in a 50 m X 50 m area. It also was reported from the adjacent Vantage Pipeline at three locations in wetland and prairie situations (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009). This species has small, shallow roots, and flowers in the early summer and produces profuse seeds by mid-summer. Mitigation that may be appropriate may include:  seed collection by the end of early summer;  marking and avoiding the sites; and  replanting seeds following construction. Hymenopappus filifolius Hook. var. polycephalus (Oestr.) B.L. Turner (tufted hymenopappus or fineleaf woolywhite) This is a distinctive tall perennial herb that has a several-flowered stiffly-ascending open panicle with narrow pinnate stem and basal leaves. The variety polycephalus is the only one of 12 varieties of this species occurring in Canada. In Canada it occurs in Alberta and Saskatchewan, and in the United States it occurs in the mid- and northern prairie states (NatureServe 2010) where its habitats include hills, prairies, sands, and clays to 2100 m (Flora of North America 2010). It is listed as being Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010) and Imperiled (S2) in Alberta (Kemper 2009). It was recorded from nine quarter sections at 14 sites between the Viceroy and Gladmar portions of the Vantage Pipeline (Table 13-5). Its habitats invariably involved local bare soil and slope crest barrens

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results community sites of westerly facing mid to upper slopes and crests of valleys or moraine hilltops, associated with Phlox hoodii (moss phlox), Gutirrezia sarothrae (common broomweed), Selaginella densa (prairie selaginella), Lichens, Cryptantha macounii (Macoun’s cryptanthe) and Xanthisma spinulosum (cutleaf ironplant). This perennial has a relatively sturdy tap root that, at least in the moraine habitats, should be able to survive digging and replanting. However, in the relatively rocky slope crest barrens community habitats, such mitigation would require a much larger block of soil to be removed to ensure survival. Other mitigations that could be used include:  marking the sites;  determine the plant locations with respect to the boundary of the ROW;  avoid the plants during construction;  covering the plants with protective pads;  narrowing the work space; and  reroute or realign the ROW to avoid the plants. Lupinus pusillus Pursh subsp. pusillus (small lupine) This shallow-rooted, low annual herb has erect branching stems with profuse, shiny stiff hairs, palmately divided leaves that are glabrous above and short inflorescences with blue flowers (Moss 1983). The subspecies pusillus is the only one of three subspecies that occurs in Canada (NatureServe 2010). In Canada it occurs only in Saskatchewan and Alberta, and in the United States it occurs across the High Plains and non-coastal mountain states north of Texas (NatureServe 2010). It has a rank of Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan, but is Secure (S4) or Unranked elsewhere (CDC 2010d, NatureServe 2010). Its habitat across its range is predominantly sandy plains, dunes or hills, and can include disturbed sites, such as blowouts, borrow pits and roadcuts across sandy sites (NatureServe 2010). It was recorded in two quarter sections along the Vantage Pipeline route, southeast of Golden Prairie, on a level to gently rolling sand plain on native prairie with populations of under 10 and under 50 individual plants. It also was recorded with low populations from 10 locations in sandy native prairie situations (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009). The populations of this species occurred along the southwestern margins of the work space. This species is listed in Saskatchewan’s setback requirements (CDC 2003) with the Medium category setback of 25 m being applicable at these locations (CDC 2003). The loose, sandy soils are susceptible to shifting and compaction that would affect the plant’s shallow roots. The seed production appears to be somewhat low for the plants that were observed. Mitigation for this species could include:  marking the plants;  narrow down TWS in the vicinity of the sites; and  collection of fruits and seeds from mid-summer onward for transplanting following construction.

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Navarretia leucocephala Benth. subsp. minima (Nutt.) Day [SYN: N. minima Nutt.] (least or small navarretia) This is a distinctive, very small annual herb that has very dissected leaves and an inflorescence with equally dissected bracts and small blue flowers. It occurs in the provinces of Canada west of Manitoba and in the westernmost of the prairie states and the Pacific states, with one Atlantic coastal state (NatureServe 2010). It has a rank of Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan (CDC 2010d), but has been delisted in Alberta (Kemper 2009). The habitats across its range include subhygric depression sites, dugout and pond shores and seepages. This species was recorded from only one quarter section, about 26 m from the pipeline’s centerline, in a very small depression fringe meadow, with a population of 50 individuals. It also was recorded from one disturbed wetland site along the adjacent Vantatge pipeline ROW, but to the northeast of the existing Foothills Pipeline (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009). Since the single, small site for this species lies just off the Vantage PSA, mitigation could include marking and avoiding the site. Oenothera flava (A. Nels.) Garrett subsp. flava (low yellow evening-primrose) This is a perennial, tap rooted, cespitose low herb that presents a dense rosette of shiny green, serrate leaves and essentially sessile inflorescence with small, yellow petals and a wing-margined fruit. It differs from the rare Oenothera caespitosa (rock-rose) which has larger petals, ribbed fruit and less divided leaves. Its distribution in Canada is limited to Saskatchewan and Alberta, and in the United States to most of the the western prairie and Pacific states, including the Dakotas (NatureServe 2010). It has a rank of Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan (CDC 2010d) and an intermediary rank of Imperiled/Vulnerable (S2S3) in Alberta (Kemper 2009), but has not been ranked elsewhere in its North American range (NatureServe 2010). The habitat across its range includes desiccating depressions, streambanks, damp meadows and pastures, all on clay soils between 900 m and 2,200 m, and is found in sagebrush scrub and pinyon-juniper forests throughout western North America (NatureServe 2010). It was recorded at three quarter sections along the pipeline route, each with populations of only one to three plants in vegetative or fruiting condition in a 1 m x 1 m area (Table 13-5). In each case the habitat was a shallow subhygric depression in a fallow or previously tilled cropland on clay loam, associated with many weedy species. This species has a sturdy, simple tap root, and occurring in direct line with the pipeline across cultivated lands on uncomplicated, cohesive soils. This site is likely to be retiled under more favourable conditions. The most appropriate mitigations would include:  relocating and marking the plants;  narrowing down the TWS;  covering with a protective mat during construction; and  rigging and transplanting the plants to a suitable habitat and location. Polygala alba L. (white milkwort) This is a perennial herb that has several to many procumbent branches radiating from a tap root, with narrow, simple leaves and a tight raceme of small white flowers that develop to fruition from mid-summer and onward into the autumn. It resembles the more common Polygala senega (Seneca snake-root) which has only several more erect stems, larger simple leaves and a raceme with slightly

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results larger flowers. In Canada it occurs in southern Saskatchewan, where it is restricted to the Mixed Grassland, Moist Mixed Grassland and Aspen Parkland Ecoregions (CDC 2010c), and Alberta where it has only recently been reported (NatureServe 2010), and in the United States where it occurs in most of the prairie states, as well as Washington, Arkansas and Louisiana (NatureServe 2010). It has a rank of Vulnerable (S3) in Saskatchewan and Imperiled (S2) in Wyoming, but has not been ranked elsewhere (CDC 2010d NatureServe 2010). Its habitats through its range include native grasslands of rocky prairies, ravines, hillsides and thickets (The Great Plains Flora Association 1986). It was recorded along the Vantage Pipeline route from 20 quarter sections, all to the east of Bengough, with over 335 separate sites within these quarter sections (Table 13-5). It occurred in a variety of subxeric and xeric upland prairie habitats, including mid to upper slopes and crests of moraine hills and west-facing incised valleys, gently to moderately rolling loamy and hilly till plains, disturbed ground on native prairie, vehicle tracks across prairies, and eroding ditch banks of township roads. Its populations varied from being only locally common to markedly profuse in this portion of the pipeline, generally with the pattern of a few to under 20 plants in any 5 m radius area, but scattered over long portions of the PSA, accumulating to hundreds of individuals. The pronounced abundance of this species both along and off the proposed PSA and its lower Vulnerable (S3) rank might diminish the need for consistent construction mitigation. However, such mitigation may include:  marking and avoiding plant groups along the margins of the PSA;  digging and transplanting plants within the PSA; and  collecting seeds from late summer and planting following construction. Possibly Vulnerable in Saskatchewan (Rank S3?) This variant Subnational Conservation Status Rank indicates that the Vulnerable status is under review and may be reassigned as Apparently Secure (S4) in the future after further consideration of the known number of occurrences, habitat conditions and population sizes. Two species were recorded along the pipeline with this rank, as follows: Erigeron compositus, (dwarf mountain or compound fleabane), including its varieties discoideus and var. glabratus, and Sedum lanceolatum subsp. lanceolatum (lance-leaved or common stonecrop). Mitigation measures are not compulsory for these species but should be undertaken where possible. Erigeron compositus Pursh [INCL: var. discoideus A. Gray and var. glabratus Macoun] (dwarf mountain or compound fleabane) This low perennial herb is readily identified by its narrow trifid leaves, its merely hirsute involucre, and of the closely related species, it is the only one that frequently produces strongly thickened caudex branches. Recent taxonomic treatment does not recognize the validity of the several commonly distinguished varieties (Flora of North America 2010). Its distribution encompasses the Great Plains, mountains and arctic in the western portion of North America between Arizona and Manitoba with outliers in Quebec and the Maritimes, and also Greenland and eastern Siberia (NatureServe 2010). It has a rank of possibly Vulnerable (S3?) in Saskatchewan (CDC 2010d), Criticaly Imperiled in the outliers of Quebec, Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, and is secure or unranked elsewhere in its range (NatureServe 2010). It habitat across its range reflects its affinity to mountain and arctic situations, and includes dry, open areas of lowland sagebrush, rabbit brush and aspen, to subalpine meadows and alpine elevations up to 4,300 m, among aspen-fir groves, and on cliffs, talus and boulders (Flora of North America 2010).

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This species was recorded at only one quarter section of the Vantage pipeline route at two sites within and adjacent to the Vantage PSA, with a population of over 50 plants at the crests of the south-facing valleys in a xeric gravelly slope crest barrens community, associated with Sedum lanceolatum (lance-leaved stonecrop), Eremogone congesta (rocky-ground sandwort) and other barrens species. It was reported from along the adjacent Vantage pipeline at eight locations in sandy prairie, steep slope and rocky situations; however these were on the northeastern side of the existing Foothills Pipeline ROW (Jacques Whitford-Axys 2009). At both sites, this species lies within and somewhat beyond the PSA. This species is cespitose with a small root system. The rocky nature of the soil would require care if digging and removing the plants were considered. Mitigation could include:  relocating and marking the plant population;  narrowing the TWS or realigning the ROW;  seed collection by mid-summer and replanting following construction; and  using protective matting to cover the plants; and digging and replanting the plants with large enough soil plugs to protect the roots from the loose soil movement, probably in the late growing season. Sedum lanceolatum Torr. subsp. lanceolatum (lance-leaved or common stonecrop) This is a low, perennial herb that has 5 cm tall branches with densely arranged rosettes of fleshy leaves, and a branching inflorescence with several yellow flowers that produce fruits and seeds by mid to late summer. It spreads by short rhizomes and also forms offsets in the axils of its rosette leaves. Of the two North American subspecies, the subspecies lanceolatum is the only one that occurs in Canada (Flora of North America 2010). This typical mountain species occurs in the three westernmost provinces and the Yukon of Canada, and in the western half of the United States, except for North Dakota and four of the states (NatureServe 2010). It has rank of possibly Vulnerable (S3?) in Saskatchewan (CDC 2010d), but is unranked or secure elsewhere (NatureServe 2010). It was recorded from a single site at only one quarter section of the Vantage pipeline, entirely within the ROW and work space, with a population of 114 plants at the crest of a south-facing valley in a xeric gravelly slope crest barrens community, associated with Erigeron compositus (dwarf mountain fleabane), Eremogone congesta (rocky-ground sandwort). It also was reported from four locations along the adjacent Vantage pipeline, generally on north facing grassy slopes with low populations, on the northeastern side of the existing Foothills Pipeline (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009). This species occurs as individual plants or in loose carpets. The gravelly nature of the soil may present constraints in moving the plants. Its inflorescences produce copious seeds by mid-summer. Mitigation that may be appropriate for this species include:  relocating the plants in the population;  narrow the TWS;  seed collection by mid-summer and replanting following construction;  covering the plants with protective matting; and  digging and transplanting the plants following construction using suitably large soil plugs to protect the roots from the loose soil movement, probably late in the growing season.

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The rare plant survey of the adjacent Vantage Pipeline (Jacques Whitford - Axys 2009) reported several other provincially rare species for Saskatchewan, that were not recorded during the Vantage Pipeline survey, as follows: Cryptantha celosioides (Macoun’s cryptanthe, S1), Veronica serpyllifolia (northern thyme-leaved speedwell, S1), Liliaea scilloides (flowering quillwort, S1), Leymus cinereus (giant wild-rye, S1S2), Juncus confusus (few-flowered rush, S2), Osmorhiza depauperata (blunt-fruited sweet-cicely, S2), Vulpia octoflora (six-weeks fescue, S2), Erigeron radicatus (dwarf fleabane, S2), Ranunculus cardiophyllus (heart-leaved buttercup, S1S2), Antennaria umbrinella (brown-bracted pussytoes, S2S3) and Alisma gramineum (narrow-leaved water-plantain, S3). As well, an additional seven previously were reported by CDC from within 3 km of the pipeline, including Atriplex truncata (wedge-scale saltbush, S1), Arnica soraria (twin arnica, S1) and Chenopodium subglabrum (narrowleaf goosefoot, S1) (CDC 2010g). ACIMS also reported the last named species and Halimolobos virgata (slender mouse-ear cress) in the general vicinity of the 4.51 km pipeline in Alberta (ACIMS 2010a). These two species are the only SARA species reported from within the RSA of the pipeline. These species shall be sought along the PSA and LSA during the 2011 survey of the pipeline.

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

Attachment I-4

Quarter Section Summary of Documented Weed Occurences Along the Proposed Vantage Pipeline Route 2010

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Table I-11

2010 Weed Occurrences on the Vantage Pipeline PSA by Quarter Section

QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NE 31-19-29 W3M kochia, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, wild buckwheat* NW 32-19-29 W3M kochia, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, wild buckwheat* NE 29-19-29 W3M flixweed, annual hawksbeard, kochia, prickly lettuce SW 28-19-29 W3M Canada thistle*, kochia, prickly lettuce, annual hawksbeard, foxtail barley, flixweed NE 21-19-29 W3M wild buckwheat*, flixweed, kochia, foxtail barley, wild mustard*, redroot pigweed, downy chess* SE 21-19-29 W3M wild buckwheat* SW 22-19-29 W3M wild buckwheat*, kochia, wild oat* NW 15-19-29 W3M annual hawksbeard, wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle*, foxtail barley, kochia SE 15-19-29 W3M wild buckwheat*, wild oat* SW 14-19-29 W3M annual hawksbeard, yellow goat's-beard, foxtail barley, Russian thistle*, wild oat* NW 11-19-29 W3M flixweed, kochia, yellow goat's-beard, foxtail barley, Canada thistle*, stinkweed*, prickly lettuce, annual sow-thistle*, perennial sow-thistle* SE 11-19-29 W3M wild oat*, kochia, redroot pigweed, flixweed, foxtail barley NW 01-19-29 W3M crested wheatgrass, yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+, perennial sow-thistle*, flixweed, smooth brome+ SW 01-19-29 W3M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, crested wheatgrass SE 01-19-29 W3M crested wheatgrass, field bindweed*, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, Canada thistle* NE 35-18-29 W3M Canada thistle*, wild buckwheat*, flixweed, crested wheatgrass SE 35-18-29 W3M yellow goat's-beard SW 36-18-29 W3M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, prickly lettuce, kochia NE 25-18-29 W3M wild oat*, prickly lettuce, annual hawksbeard, wild buckwheat*, sow-thistle species*, Canada thistle* SE 25-18-29 W3M wild oat*, annual hawksbeard, prickly lettuce SW 30-18-28 W3M wild oat* NW 19-18-28 W3M foxtail barley SE 19-18-28 W3M wild buckwheat*, kochia SE 17-18-28 W3M tumbling mustard*, kochia, prickly lettuce, flixweed, wild buckwheat*, annual hawksbeard, foxtail barley NW 09-18-28 W3M kochia, flixweed, prickly lettuce, annual hawksbeard NE 09-18-28 W3M prickly lettuce, flixweed, kochia, yellow goat's-beard, annual hawksbeard SE 09-18-28 W3M wild oat*, prickly lettuce, flixweed, kochia, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat* NW 03-18-28 W3M kochia SE 03-18-28 W3M kochia NW 35-17-28 W3M kochia NW 19-17-27 W3M kochia, Russian thistle* SW 19-17-27 W3M kochia, Russian thistle*, flixweed, tumbling mustard*, wild oat* NE 18-17-27 W3M kochia, Russian thistle*, flixweed NW 08-17-27 W3M wild oat*, prickly lettuce NE 08-17-27 W3M wild buckwheat*, kochia, foxtail barley, prickly lettuce, wild oat*, running cheeseweed* SE 08-17-27 W3M prickly lettuce SW 09-17-27 W3M foxtail barley NE 04-17-27 W3M wild oat*, kochia, foxtail barley, prickly lettuce SE 04-17-27 W3M foxtail barley, wild oat*, kochia, annual hawksbeard, flixweed NW 34-16-27 W3M kochia, prickly lettuce, wild buckwheat*

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NE 27-16-27 W3M foxtail barley, kochia NW 26-16-27 W3M wild buckwheat* SW 26-16-27 W3M wild buckwheat*, kochia, Russian thistle* NE 23-16-27 W3M crested wheatgrass, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, common dandelion* SW 24-16-27 W3M wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed NE 13-16-27 W3M flixweed SE 13-16-27 W3M Russian thistle*, yellow goat's-beard SW 18-16-26 W3M yellow goat's-beard SW 07-16-26 W3M kochia, flixweed, yellow goat's-beard, prickly lettuce, annual sow-thistle* NW 06-16-26 W3M kochia, flixweed NW 31-15-26 W3M annual hawksbeard*, foxtail barley, Russian thistle*, kochia SW 31-15-26 W3M kochia NW 30-15-26 W3M kochia SW 30-15-26 W3M Canada thistle*, sow-thistle species*, green foxtail*, downy chess*, flixweed, kochia, common dandelion*, tumbling mustard*, yellow goat's-beard, prickly lettuce NW 19-15-26 W3M Russian thistle*, green foxtail*, kochia, foxtail barley SW 19-15-26 W3M kochia SE 19-15-26 W3M kochia NE 18-15-26 W3M wild buckwheat* NW 17-15-26 W3M wild oat* SW 17-15-26 W3M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, common dandelion*, annual hawksbeard*, lamb’s-quarters, crested wheatgrass, perennial sow-thistle*, annual sow-thistle*, yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+, wild buckwheat*, blue-bur*, smooth brome+ SW 08-15-26 W3M yellow sweet clover, sow-thistle species*, white sweet-clover+, yellow goat's-beard, annual hawksbeard, flixweed, crested wheatgrass, alfalfa+ NE 31-14-26 W3M wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle* NW 32-14-26 W3M flixweed, wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle*, common dandelion* SW 32-14-26 W3M redroot pigweed NE 29-14-26 W3M Russian thistle* SE 29-14-26 W3M Russian thistle*, flixweed, kochia SE 21-14-26 W3M kochia NW 15-14-26 W3M kochia, tumbling mustard*, flixweed, Canada thistle*, Russian thistle*, stinkweed* SW 15-14-26 W3M common dandelion*, crested wheatgrass, flixweed, Canada thistle*, tumbling mustard*, yellow goat's- beard, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat* NE 10-14-26 W3M common dandelion*, crested wheatgrass, yellow goat's-beard, alfalfa+, flixweed, wild buckwheat*, blue-bur*, smooth brome+ SW 12-14-26 W3M crested wheatgrass SE 12-14-26 W3M flixweed, running cheeseweed*, crested wheatgrass SW 07-14-25 W3M crested wheatgrass SE 07-14-25 W3M blue-bur*, common dandelion*, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, crested wheatgrass, wild buckwheat*, tumbling mustard* SW 08-14-25 W3M common dandelion*, flixweed, yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass SE 08-14-25 W3M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, common dandelion*, night-flowering catchfly* NE 09-14-25 W3M flixweed, crested wheatgrass, common dandelion*, yellow goat's-beard, annual hawksbeard*, wild buckwheat*, alfalfa+ NW 10-14-25 W3M yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, common dandelion*, wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle* NW 11-14-25 W3M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, crested wheatgrass, downy chess*, common dandelion*, Russian thistle*

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES SW 11-14-25 W3M yellow goat's-beard, common dandelion*, flixweed SE 11-14-25 W3M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, wild buckwheat*, common dandelion*, annual hawksbeard NE 02-14-25 W3M common dandelion*, flixweed NW 01-14-25 W3M wild buckwheat*, yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, flixweed, downy chess* SW 01-14-25 W3M flixweed, yellow goat's-beard, wild buckwheat*, blue-bur*, crested wheatgrass SE 01-14-25 W3M crested wheatgrass NE 36-13-25 W3M crested wheatgrass NW 31-13-24 W3M Russian thistle*, annual hawksbeard*, common dandelion*, prickly lettuce, yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard, wild buckwheat*, downy chess*, flixweed, tumbling mustard*, small-seeded false flax* SW 31-13-24 W3M wild buckwheat*, common dandelion*, yellow goat's-beard, Russian thistle*, annual hawksbeard, white sweet-clover+, knapweed species* NE 30-13-24 W3M wild buckwheat* SW 29-13-24 W3M wild buckwheat*, wild oat*, tumbling mustard*, lamb’s-quarters, crested wheatgrass, flixweed, tartary buckwheat* NW 20-13-24 W3M foxtail barley, wild buckwheat*, yellow sweet-clover NE 20-13-24 W3M tartary buckwheat*, crested wheatgrass, common dandelion*, white sweet-clover+ SE 20-13-24 W3M tumbling mustard*, flixweed, Canada thistle*, yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+, blue-bur* SW 21-13-24 W3M common dandelion*, tumbling mustard*, blue-bur*, flixweed, crested wheatgrass NW 16-13-24 W3M yellow sweet-clover SE 16-13-24 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+, crested wheatgrass SW 15-13-24 W3M wild buckwheat*, green foxtail* NW 10-13-24 W3M flixweed, downy chess* SE 10-13-24 W3M crested wheatgrass, yellow goat's-beard, tumbling mustard*, yellow sweet clover, kochia, running cheeseweed*, Russian thistle* NW 02-13-24 W3M crested wheatgrass SE 02-13-24 W3M crested wheatgrass NE 35-12-24 W3M crested wheatgrass, downy chess*, flixweed, night-flowering catchfly*, field bindweed* NW 36-12-24 W3M crested wheatgrass SW 36-12-24 W3M crested wheatgrass SE 36-12-24 W3M crested wheatgrass, flixweed NE 31-11-22 W3M kochia, Russian thistle* SW 32-11-22 W3M wild buckwheat* NE 29-11-22 W3M kochia, wild buckwheat*, flixweed, Russian thistle*, green foxtail*, wild oat* NE 21-11-22 W3M flixweed, Canada thistle*, sow-thistle species*, white sweet-clover+, yellow sweet-clover NW 22-11-22 W3M crested wheatgrass, yellow sweet-clover, Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, bull thistle SE 22-11-22 W3M cow cockle*, stinkweed*, Canada thistle* NW 14-11-22 W3M Canada thistle*, Russian thistle* SE 14-11-22 W3M Canada thistle*, wild oat*, foxtail barley SE 12-11-22 W3M Russian thistle*, field bindweed*, common dandelion* SW 07-11-21 W3M wild buckwheat*, flixweed, redroot pigweed, stinkweed*, foxtail barley, field bindweed*, shepherd’s- purse, running cheeseweed*, perennial sow-thistle* NW 06-11-21 W3M redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat*, prickly lettuce, Canada thistle*, Sow-thistle species*, curled dock+ NE 06-11-21 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow sweet-clover SE 06-11-21 W3M foxtail barley, white cockle* SW 05-11-21 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, yellow toadflax*, common dandelion*, night-flowering catchfly*, flixweed, crested wheatgrass, lamb’s-quarters, yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NE 31-10-21 W3M yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+, wild buckwheat*, yellow goat's-beard, common dandelion*, Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard NW 32-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, wild buckwheat*, yellow toadflax* SW 32-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, common dandelion*, night-flowering catchfly*, yellow goat's-beard, white sweet- clover+, flixweed NW 29-10-21 W3M yellow toadflax*, flixweed, wild buckwheat*, common dandelion*, stinkweed*, crested wheatgrass, yellow goat's-beard, lamb’s-quarters NE 29-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow toadflax*, yellow goat's-beard, alfalfa+, common dandelion*, curled dock+ SE 29-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow toadflax* SW 28-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow toadflax*, common dandelion*, yellow goat's-beard, tall buttercup, annual hawksbeard, curled dock+ NW 21-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, common dandelion*, yellow toadflax*, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, night-flowering catchfly*, curled dock+ NE 21-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow toadflax* SE 21-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow toadflax* SW 22-10-21 W3M Canada thistle* NW 15-10-21 W3M wild buckwheat*, common dandelion*, cow cockle* NE 15-10-21 W3M wild buckwheat*, green foxtail*, common dandelion* SE 15-10-21 W3M wild buckwheat* SW 14-10-21 W3M yellow toadflax*, Canada thistle* NW 11-10-21 W3M wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed, green foxtail*, cow cockle*, stinkweed* NE 11-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, annual hawksbeard, flixweed, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat*, Persian darnel*, scentless chamomile*, shepherd’s-purse, annual sow-thistle SE 11-10-21 W3M Canada thistle*, annual hawksbeard, flixweed, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat*, Persian darnel*, scentless chamomile*, shepherd’s-purse, annual sow-thistle* NW 01-10-21 W3M lamb’s-quarters, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed SW 01-10-21 W3M Stinkweed*, shepherd’s-purse, flixweed, wild buckwheat*, lamb’s-quarters SE 01-10-21 W3M shepherd’s-purse, stinkweed*, Canada thistle*, common dandelion*, prickly lettuce, yellow goat's- beard, scentless chamomile* NE 36-09-21 W3M Canada thistle*, scentless chamomile*, shepherd’s-purse, running cheeseweed*, wild buckwheat*, stinkweed*, annual hawksbeard NW 31-09-20 W3M Canada thistle*, scentless chamomile*, annual hawksbeard SW 31-09-20 W3M scentless chamomile*, Canada thistle*, wild buckwheat* SE 31-09-20 W3M common dandelion*, Canada thistle* NE 30-09-20 W3M common dandelion*, flixweed, stinkweed*, Canada thistle*, shepherd’s-purse, rough-fruited cinquefoil, scentless chamomile*, yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, smooth brome+ NW 29-09-20 W3M foxtail barley, stinkweed*, running cheeseweed*, wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle* NE 29-09-20 W3M Canada thistle*, stinkweed* SE 29-09-20 W3M scentless chamomile*, Persian darnel*, wild buckwheat*, wild oat* SE 23-09-20 W3M yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, alfalfa+ NE 14-09-20 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, white sweet-clover, crested wheatgrass, sow thistle species*, alfalfa+, curled dock+ NW 13-09-20 W3M wild buckwheat*,wild oat*, crested wheatgrass, Canada thistle*, alfalfa, smooth brome+ SW 13-09-20 W3M wild oat*, common dandelion*, prickly lettuce, yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, Canada thistle*, annual hawksbeard SE 13-09-20 W3M foxtail barley NE 12-09-20 W3M Russian thistle* NW 07-09-19 W3M stinkweed*, tumbling mustard*, redroot pigweed, Canada thistle* NE 32-08-19 W3M Russian thistle*, flixweed

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NE 28-08-19 W3M wild buckwheat*, wild oat*, kochia SW 27-08-19 W3M kochia NW 27-08-19 W3M kochia NE 27-08-19 W3M wild buckwheat* NW 26-08-19 W3M wild oat* NW 36-08-19 W3M crested wheatgrass, flixweed, tumbling mustard*, kochia, poverty weed* NW 31-08-18 W3M wild oat*, wild buckwheat* NE 31-08-18 W3M wild oat*, kochia, flixweed SE 06-09-18 W3M wild oat*, kochia, stinkweed*, tumbling mustard* SE 07-09-18 W3M Russian thistle*, wild buckwheat*, stinkweed*, flixweed, kochia NE 07-09-18 W3M wild buckwheat*, stinkweed*, kochia, flixweed, Canada thistle* SE 18-09-18 W3M flixweed, kochia SW 17-09-18 W3M wild oat*, kochia, stinkweed*, Canada thistle* SE 17-09-18 W3M Canada thistle*, stinkweed*, kochia, wild buckwheat*, wild oat* SE 16-09-18 W3M barnyard grass, wild oat*, wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle*, running cheeseweed*, shepherd’s-purse, stinkweed* SW 15-09-18 W3M flixweed, kochia, prickly lettuce SW 14-09-18 W3M stinkweed*, running cheeseweed*, Canada thistle*, wild oat* SE 14-09-18 W3M stinkweed*, wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle*, wild oat* SW 13-09-18 W3M wild buckwheat*, stinkweed* SW 18-09-17 W3M wild buckwheat* SE 18-09-17 W3M running cheeseweed* SW 16-09-17 W3M Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, crested wheatgrass, kochia SE 16-09-17 W3M stinkweed*, flixweed, kochia, Canada thistle* SW 15-09-17 W3M kochia, wild buckwheat*, wild oat* SE 15-09-17 W3M yellow goat's-beard, poverty weed*, kochia, flixweed SW 14-09-17 W3M flixweed, wild buckwheat*, crested wheatgrass, kochia, Canada thistle*, curled dock+ SE 14-09-17 W3M kochia, green foxtail*, Canada thistle* SE 13-09-17 W3M sow-thistle species*, yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle*, wild buckwheat*, curled dock+ SW 18-09-16 W3M downy chess*, Canada thistle*, foxtail barley SE 18-09-16 W3M kochia SW 17-09-16 W3M kochia SE 17-09-16 W3M kochia, Canada thistle*, flixweed SW 16-09-16 W3M wild oat* SE 16-09-16 W3M redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat* SE 15-09-16 W3M redroot pigweed, kochia, flixweed, Canada thistle* SW 14-09-16 W3M kochia, wild oat* SE 14-09-16 W3M lamb’s-quarters, stinkweed* SW 13-09-16 W3M kochia, running cheeseweed*, redroot pigweed SW 18-09-15 W3M foxtail barley SE 18-09-15 W3M wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed, lamb’s-quarters, Russian thistle*, wild oat*, Canada thistle* SW 17-09-15 W3M downy chess*, Canada thistle*, stinkweed*, Russian thistle*, lamb’s-quarters, wild oat*, redroot pigweed SW 16-09-15 W3M field bindweed*, stinkweed*, lamb’s-quarters, redroot pigweed, prickly lettuce, green foxtail*, crested wheatgrass SE 16-09-15 W3M green foxtail*, kochia, wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle*, crested wheatgrass, wild oat*, stinkweed*, Canada thistle*, prickly lettuce

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES SW 15-09-15 W3M Russian thistle, wild buckwheat*, kochia, stinkweed*, flixweed, tumbling mustard*, green foxtail*, wild oat*, wild mustard*, redroot pigweed, tartary buckwheat*, lamb’s-quarters SE 15-09-15 W3M kochia, stinkweed* SW 14-09-15 W3M lamb’s-quarters, kochia, wild oat*, foxtail barley, common dandelion*, green foxtail* SE 14-09-15 W3M green foxtail* SW 13-09-15 W3M crested wheatgrass SW 18-09-14 W3M flixweed, prickly lettuce, wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle*, stinkweed* SE 18-09-14 W3M yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, flixweed SW 17-09-14 W3M yellow goat's-beard SE 17-09-14 W3M kochia, Russian thistle*, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat*, green foxtail*, crested wheatgrass SW 13-09-14 W3M flixweed, Canada thistle*, bull thistle, Russian thistle*, wild buckwheat*, crested wheatgrass SE 13-09-14 W3M foxtail barley NW 18-09-13 W3M green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle*, kochia NE 18-09-13 W3M green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, kochia NW 17-09-13 W3M flixweed, quack grass*, lamb’s-quarters, kochia, Canada thistle*, sow-thistle species*, stinkweed*, curled dock+ NE 17-09-13 W3M kochia, wild buckwheat* NW 16-09-13 W3M wild buckwheat*, kochia, lamb’s-quarters, crested wheatgrass NE 16-09-13 W3M kochia, lamb’s-quarters, crested wheatgrass SW 15-09-13 W3M wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle*, crested wheatgrass, flixweed, kochia, yellow sweet-clover, green foxtail*, wild oat*, ball mustard* SE 15-09-13 W3M foxtail barley, sow-thistle species*, common dandelion*, yellow sweet-clover, kochia, crested wheatgrass, Russian thistle*, curled dock+ SW 14-09-13 W3M Canada thistle*, flixweed, common dandelion*, crested wheatgrass, curled dock+ SE 14-09-13 W3M wild buckwheat*, crested wheatgrass SE 13-09-13 W3M common dandelion*, foxtail barley SW 18-09-12 W3M foxtail barley SW 02-09-12 W3M sow-thistle species*, flixweed, crested wheatgrass, curled dock+ SE 06-09-11 W3M kochia, flixweed, green foxtail* SE 03-09-11 W3M kochia NW 23-08-11 W3M kochia SW 23-08-11 W3M kochia, flixweed, stinkweed SW 24-08-11 W3M kochia NE 24-08-11 W3M kochia, wild buckwheat* NE 19-08-10 W3M kochia, green foxtail*, kochia, flixweed, wild oat* NE 20-08-10 W3M kochia, flixweed, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat* NW 21-08-10 W3M green foxtail* NE 22-08-10 W3M Russian thistle* NW 23-08-10 W3M Canada thistle*, stinkweed* NE 24-08-10 W3M kochia, green foxtail*, Russian thistle*, wild oat*, redroot pigweed NW 19-08-09 W3M kochia, redroot pigweed, Russian thistle*, green foxtail* NE 19-08-09 W3M Russian thistle*, prickly lettuce, stinkweed, kochia, wild buckwheat* SE 19-08-09 W3M wild buckwheat*, kochia, crested wheatgrass, downy chess* NE 18-08-09 W3M Russian thistle*, kochia, wild oat* SE 18-08-09 W3M crested wheatgrass, tumbling mustard*, wild buckwheat*, blue-bur*, flixweed NW 08-08-09 W3M kochia, wild oat*, Canada thistle*, foxtail barley, green foxtail*, redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat*, flixweed, blue-bur*, crested wheatgrass

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NE 08-08-09 W3M kochia, redroot pigweed, curled dock+ NW 09-08-09 W3M green foxtail*, Russian thistle* NE 09-08-09 W3M green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle*, kochia, redroot pigweed NW 10-08-09 W3M blue-bur*, Russian thistle*, Canada thistle*, kochia, crested wheatgrass SW 14-08-09 W3M crested wheatgrass, blue-bur*, alfalfa, yellow goat's-beard, stinkweed*, lamb’s-quarters, flixweed, smooth brome+ SE 14-08-09 W3M stinkweed*, kochia, redroot pigweed, foxtail barley, green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, alfalfa+ NW 08-08-08 W3M kochia, redroot pigweed NE 08-08-08 W3M flixweed, kochia, prickly lettuce, annual sow-thistle*, common dandelion*, stinkweed*, yellow goat's- beard, Canada thistle* NW 09-08-08 W3M redroot pigweed, kochia, wild oat*, prickly lettuce, stinkweed*, curled dock+ NE 09-08-08 W3M green foxtail*, kochia, redroot pigweed, prickly lettuce, Russian thistle*, stinkweed*, wild oat* NW 10-08-08 W3M field bindweed, stinkweed* NE 10-08-08 W3M field bindweed, stinkweed* SW 14-08-08 W3M flixweed, crested wheatgrass SE 14-08-08 W3M flixweed, stinkweed*, lamb’s-quarters, crested wheatgrass, curled dock+ SE 13-08-08 W3M kochia, lamb’s-quarters, flixweed, crested wheatgrass, stinkweed* SW 18-08-07 W3M prickly lettuce, stinkweed*, foxtail barley, flixweed SE 18-08-07 W3M prickly lettuce, foxtail barley, flixweed SW 17-08-07 W3M kochia, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, wild oat*, green foxtail*, stinkweed*, crested wheatgrass, Russian thistle*, foxtail barley, prickly lettuce SE 17-08-07 W3M kochia, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, wild oat*, green foxtail*, stinkweed*, crested wheatgrass, Russian thistle*, foxtail barley SW 16-08-07 W3M kochia SW 15-08-07 W3M kochia, barnyard grass SE 15-08-07 W3M wild buckwheat, stinkweed*, lamb’s-quarters, redroot pigweed, Canada thistle*, crested wheatgrass SW 14-08-07 W3M redroot pigweed, kochia SE 14-08-07 W3M redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat* SW 13-08-07 W3M green foxtail*, redroot pigweed SE 13-08-07 W3M redroot pigweed, green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, kochia SW 18-08-06 W3M Canada thistle*, kochia SE 18-08-06 W3M kochia, wild oat*, green foxtail*, Russian thistle* SW 17-08-06 W3M green foxtail*, redroot pigweed, kochia SE 17-08-06 W3M tartary buckwheat* NE 09-08-06 W3M redroot pigweed, alfalfa+, kochia SE 09-08-06 W3M redroot pigweed, kochia, Russian thistle* NE 04-08-06 W3M wild oat*, kochia SE 04-08-06 W3M barnyard grass, redroot pigweed, wild oat* NE 34-07-06 W3M stinkweed*, kochia, flixweed NW 35-07-06 W3M lamb’s-quarters, kochia, redroot pigweed, annual sow-thistle*, stinkweed*, foxtail barley, annual hawksbeard NE 35-07-06 W3M annual sow-thistle*, kochia, stinkweed*, Russian thistle* NW 36-07-06 W3M annual sow-thistle*, kochia, stinkweed, foxtail barley, Russian thistle* NE 36-07-06 W3M kochia, flixweed NE 31-07-05 W3M kochia, wild oat*, stinkweed* SE 31-07-05 W3M wild oat*, kochia, stinkweed*, flixweed SE 30-07-05 W3M flixweed, lamb’s-quarters, leafy spurge*, Canada thistle*, stinkweed*, crested wheatgrass

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NW 20-07-05 W3M annual sow-thistle*, wild oat*, flixweed, yellow sweet-clover, stinkweed*, lamb’s-quarters, curled dock+ NW 21-07-05 W3M stinkweed*, wild oat*, kochia NE 21-07-05 W3M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, Canada thistle*, crested wheatgrass, kochia NE 22-07-05 W3M annual sow-thistle*, wild oat*, yellow goat's-beard, Russian thistle* NE 23-07-05 W3M volunteer mustard, stinkweed*, prickly lettuce NW 21-07-04 W3M common dandelion*, stinkweed*, prickly lettuce NE 21-07-04 W3M kochia, flixweed, redroot pigweed NW 24-07-04 W3M kochia, redroot pigweed NE 24-07-04 W3M wild oat*, kochia, annual sow-thistle*, curled dock+ SE 24-07-04 W3M kochia NE 09-07-03 W3M prickly lettuce, Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, absinthe, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat* NE 10-07-03 W3M wild buckwheat*, stinkweed* NW 12-07-03 W3M absinthe, yellow goat's-beard, wild oat*, stinkweed*, Canada thistle*, quack grass*, prickly lettuce NE 12-07-03 W3M kochia, wild buckwheat*, flixweed, stinkweed* NW 08-07-02 W3M kochia, wild oat* NE 08-07-02 W3M wild oat*, prickly lettuce NE 09-07-02 W3M prickly lettuce, Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, absinthe, stinkweed*, kochia NW 10-07-02 W3M stinkweed*, kochia, redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat* NE 10-07-02 W3M redroot pigweed, stinkweed*, wild buckwheat*, absinthe, Canada thistle* NW 11-07-02 W3M flixweed, wild oat*, kochia NE 11-07-02 W3M wild buckwheat* NE 12-07-02 W3M prickly lettuce, yellow goat's-beard, wild oat*, Japanese chess* NW 07-07-01 W3M stinkweed*, flixweed, wild buckwheat*, annual sow-thistle*, downy chess*, crested wheatgrass NE 08-07-01 W3M redroot pigweed, Russian thistle*, downy chess* NW 09-07-01 W3M crested wheatgrass, flixweed, yellow goat's-beard, common dandelion*, Canada thistle*, curled dock+ NE 09-07-01 W3M Canada thistle*, wild oat*, running cheeseweed, stinkweed*, prickly lettuce, common dandelion* NE 12-07-01 W3M annual sow-thistle* NW 08-07-29 W2M annual sow-thistle*, curled dock+ NE 08-07-29 W2M wild oat* NE 09-07-29 W2M prickly lettuce, redroot pigweed, kochia NE 10-07-29 W2M Amaranthus sp. NE 11-07-29 W2M flixweed, blue-bur*, yellow goat's-beard, foxtail barley, crested wheatgrass, white sweet-clover+ NW 07-07-28 W2M redroot pigweed, green foxtail*, wild oat* NE 07-07-28 W2M redroot pigweed, kochia, lamb’s-quarters, wild buckwheat* NW 09-07-28 W2M prickly lettuce NE 09-07-28 W2M prickly lettuce, flixweed, lamb’s-quarters, yellow goat's-beard, wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed, green foxtail* NW 10-07-28 W2M prickly lettuce, stinkweed*, lamb’s-quarters, yellow goat's-beard NE 10-07-28 W2M prickly lettuce, redroot pigweed NW 11-07-28 W2M flixweed, Russian thistle*, prickly lettuce NE 11-07-28 W2M prickly lettuce NE 12-07-28 W2M wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle* NW 07-07-27 W2M Russian thistle*, flixweed, lamb’s-quarters, kochia, prickly lettuce, wild oat*, yellow goat's-beard, kochia NE 07-07-27 W2M poverty weed*, yellow goat's-beard, prickly sow-thistle, prickly lettuce, crested wheatgrass

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NW 08-07-27 W2M yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, kochia NE 08-07-27 W2M wild buckwheat*, flixweed, kochia SE 08-07-27 W2M wild buckwheat*, Russian thistle* SW 09-07-27 W2M flixweed, wild oat*, green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed SE 09-07-27 W2M common dandelion*, prickly lettuce, stinkweed*, green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, prickly lettuce, green foxtail* NE 04-07-27 W2M prickly lettuce, wild oat*, tumbling mustard*, green foxtail*, flixweed SE 04-07-27 W2M Canada thistle*, white sweet-clover NE 32-06-27 W2M common dandelion*, wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle*, annual sow-thistle*, yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard, stinkweed*, common caragana SE 32-06-27 W2M green foxtail*, wild oat* NE 29-06-27 W2M flixweed, wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed, stinkweed*, kochia, annual hawksbeard, green foxtail*, wild oat*, prickly lettuce SE 29-06-27 W2M prickly lettuce, green foxtail*, redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat*, kochia, flixweed, quack grass* NW 21-06-27 W2M wild buckwheat* NW 22-06-27 W2M redroot pigweed, flixweed, kochia, wild buckwheat* NE 22-06-27 W2M crested wheatgrass, kochia, wild buckwheat*, yellow goat's-beard, white sweet-clover+, common chickweed, stinkweed*, yellow sweet-clover, common caragana, Canada thistle*, common dandelion*, smooth brome+ NW 24-06-27 W2M prickly lettuce NE 24-06-27 W2M flixweed, wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed, wild oat* NW 19-06-26 W2M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, green foxtail*, running cheeseweed*, wild buckwheat*, flixweed, white sweet-clover+, wild oat*, curled dock+ NW 20-06-26 W2M flixweed, wild oat*, stinkweed*, crested wheatgrass, white sweet-clover+, yellow sweet-clover, smooth brome+ NE 22-06-26 W2M stinkweed*, prickly lettuce NE 23-06-26 W2M wild buckwheat*, flixweed NW 24-06-26 W2M prickly lettuce NE 24-06-26 W2M common dandelion*, stinkweed, prickly lettuce, wild oat*, Canada thistle* NE 21-06-25 W2M white sweet-clover+ SE 21-06-25 W2M wild oat* SE 16-06-25 W2M stinkweed*, flixweed NW 10-06-25 W2M prickly lettuce, stinkweed*, wild oat*, tumbling mustard* NE 10-06-25 W2M kochia NW 11-06-25 W2M flixweed, tumbling mustard*, stinkweed*, prickly lettuce, green foxtail* NW 12-06-25 W2M flixweed, white sweet-clover+, yellow sweet-clover NE 12-06-25 W2M flixweed, green foxtail* NW 07-06-24 W2M lamb’s-quarters, green foxtail*, flixweed, blue-bur* NE 06-06-24 W2M common dandelion* SW 05-06-24 W2M flixweed, kochia, prickly lettuce, crested wheatgrass, green foxtail*, tumbling mustard* SE 05-06-24 W2M prickly lettuce SW 04-06-24 W2M prickly lettuce, green foxtail*, kochia, yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard SE 04-06-24 W2M crested wheatgrass, yellow goat's-beard, white sweet-clover+, sow-thistle species* SW 03-06-24 W2M crested wheatgrass NW 34-05-24 W2M flixweed, crested wheatgrass, alfalfa+, yellow goat's-beard, tumbling mustard*, blue-bur*, common dandelion*, white sweet-clover+, downy chess*, sow-thistle*, smooth brome+ NW 27-05-24 W2M yellow sweet-clover NW 22-05-24 W2M stinkweed*, redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat*, kochia

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES SW 22-05-24 W2M stinkweed*, green foxtail*, Russian thistle* NW 15-05-24 W2M downy chess*, kochia, wild buckwheat* SW 15-05-24 W2M annual sow-thistle*, kochia, wild oat* NW 10-05-24 W2M wild oat*, prickly lettuce NE 10-05-24 W2M wild oat*, annual sow-thistle* NW 11-05-24 W2M kochia, green foxtail*, flixweed, redroot pigweed NE 11-05-24 W2M redroot pigweed, kochia, wild buckwheat*, wild oat*, stinkweed* NW 12-05-24 W2M annual sow-thistle* NE 12-05-24 W2M wild oat*, green foxtail*, annual sow-thistle*, stinkweed*, redroot pigweed NW 07-05-23 W2M flixweed, common dandelion*, annual sow-thistle*, green foxtail*, wild oat*, prickly lettuce NW 08-05-23 W2M kochia, green foxtail*, annual sow-thistle* NW 09-05-23 W2M yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+, yellow goat's-beard, common dandelion*, absinthe, tumbling mustard*, blue-bur*, downy chess*, crested wheatgrass, smooth brome+, prickly lettuce NE 09-05-23 W2M redroot pigweed, annual sow-thistle*, Russian thistle*, green foxtail*, wild oat* NW 10-05-23 W2M redroot pigweed, yellow sweet-clover NE 10-05-23 W2M green foxtail*, flixweed, annual sow-thistle*, prickly lettuce, wild buckwheat*, wild oat*, kochia NW 11-05-23 W2M flixweed, green foxtail*, stinkweed* NE 11-05-23 W2M prickly lettuce, flixweed, stinkweed*, green foxtail*, redroot pigweed, annual sow-thistle* NW 12-05-23 W2M kochia, wild oat* NE 12-05-23 W2M yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, tumbling mustard*, foxtail barley NW 07-05-22 W2M lamb’s-quarters, tumbling mustard*, wild buckwheat*, running cheeseweed*, yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, flixweed NE 07-05-22 W2M crested wheatgrass, yellow goat's-beard, yellow sweet-clover, smooth brome+, foxtail barley NW 08-05-22 W2M white sweet-clover+, smooth brome+, wild buckwheat*, yellow goat's-beard*, wild oat*, Canada thistle*, annual sow-thistle*, yellow sweet-clover*, prickly lettuce, flixweed, green foxtail* SW 17-05-22 W2M wild oat*, green foxtail*, cow cockle* SE 17-05-22 W2M wild oat*, kochia SW 16-05-22 W2M crested wheatgrass, smooth brome+, yellow goat's-beard, absinthe SE 16-05-22 W2M redroot pigweed, Canada thistle*, Russian thistle*, curled dock+, smooth brome+, crested wheatgrass, white sweet-clover+, yellow goat's-beard SW 15-05-22 W2M kochia, annual sow-thistle, green foxtail*, Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, common dandelion*, wild buckwheat*, flixweed SE 15-05-22 W2M smooth brome, stinkweed* SW 14-05-22 W2M wild oat*, green foxtail*, wild buckwheat*, flixweed, common dandelion*, curled dock+, white sweet- clover+ SE 14-05-22 W2M flixweed, yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard, tumbling mustard*, running cheeseweed*, crested wheatgrass, absinthe SW 13-05-22 W2M flixweed, crested wheatgrass, white sweet-clover+, tumbling mustard*, absinthe, common dandelion*, yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle*, curled dock+ SE 13-05-22 W2M Canada thistle* NE 12-05-22 W2M flixweed SE 12-05-22 W2M yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, Canada thistle*, common dandelion*, tumbling mustard*, crested wheatgrass, curled dock+ NE 01-05-22 W2M flixweed, crested wheatgrass NW 06-05-21 W2M flixweed, crested wheatgrass, stinkweed*, quack grass*, yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle*, curled dock+ NE 06-05-21 W2M wild buckwheat, green foxtail* NE 05-05-21 W2M kochia, Canada thistle*, green foxtail*, foxtail barley

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES NW 04-05-21 W2M kochia, stinkweed*, annual sow-thistle, sow-thistle species*, Canada thistle*, wild buckwheat* SW 04-05-21 W2M wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed NE 34-04-21 W2M flixweed, smooth brome+, downy chess*, yellow sweet-clover NW 35-04-21 W2M green foxtail*, foxtail barley, wild buckwheat*, redroot pigweed, downy chess*, yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle* NE 35-04-21 W2M yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle*, yellow sweet-clover, crested wheatgrass NW 36-04-21 W2M kochia, redroot pigweed, running cheeseweed* NE 36-04-21 W2M crested wheatgrass, common dandelion*, white sweet-clover+, yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle*, smooth brome+, flixweed, kochia NW 31-04-20 W2M smooth brome+, white sweet-clover+, crested wheatgrass, alfalfa+, common dandelion* NE 31-04-20 W2M smooth brome+, yellow goat's-beard, crested wheatgrass, flixweed, running cheeseweed* NW 32-04-20 W2M smooth brome+, alfalfa+, yellow goat's-beard, white sweet-clover+, tumbling mustard*, crested wheatgrass, Canada thistle*, sow-thistle*, blue-bur* NE 32-04-20 W2M wild buckwheat*, green foxtail*, foxtail barley SW 04-05-20 W2M yellow goat's-beard, yellow sweet-clover, alfalfa+ SE 04-05-20 W2M Canada thistle*, yellow sweet-clover, stinkweed*, sow-thistle species* SW 03-05-20 W2M Sow-thistle species*, green foxtail* NW 34-04-20 W2M crested wheatgrass, green foxtail* NW 27-04-20 W2M Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, tumbling mustard* SW 27-04-20 W2M yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle* SE 27-04-20 W2M Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, wild buckwheat*, yellow sweet-clover NE 26-04-20 W2M crested wheatgrass SW 25-04-20 W2M prickly lettuce, stinkweed*, wild oat*, common dandelion*, wild buckwheat*, kochia, green foxtail*, yellow goat's-beard, flixweed, foxtail barley, sow-thistle* SE 25-04-20 W2M wild oat*, redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat*, green foxtail*, flixweed, lamb’s-quarters SW 30-04-19 W2M annual sow-thistle* SW 19-04-19 W2M kochia, Russian thistle*, Canada thistle*, wild buckwheat*, Sow-thistle species*, redroot pigweed, wild oat*, annual sow-thistle* NW 06-04-19 W2M wild buckwheat*, kochia, wild oat*, green foxtail*, yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard, Canada thistle* SW 06-04-19 W2M yellow goat's-beard*, yellow sweet-clover, Canada thistle* NW 31-03-19 W2M lamb’s-quarters, crested wheatgrass, green foxtail*, redroot pigweed SW 31-03-19 W2M wild buckwheat* NW 30-03-19 W2M yellow goat's-beard, smooth brome+, yellow sweet-clover, alfalfa+, common dandelion* SW 30-03-19 W2M yellow goat's-beard, common dandelion*, yellow sweet-clover, crested wheatgrass, flixweed, blue- bur*, baby's breath SW 19-03-19 W2M kochia, redroot pigweed, Russian thistle*, green foxtail*, wild buckwheat* SW 18-03-19 W2M flixweed, Russian thistle* NW 07-03-19 W2M flixweed, redroot pigweed, tumbling mustard*, Canada thistle*, stinkweed*, wild oat*, wild buckwheat*, wild mustard*, crested wheatgrass NE 07-03-19 W2M redroot pigweed, flixweed, tumbling mustard*, running cheeseweed*, wild mustard*, stinkweed* NE 08-03-19 W2M yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover+, blue-bur*, flixweed, common dandelion*, Canada thistle* NW 09-03-19 W2M sow-thistle species* NE 09-03-19 W2M wild buckwheat*, annual sow-thistle*, foxtail barley, green foxtail* NE 12-03-19 W2M yellow sweet-clover, crested wheatgrass NW 07-03-18 W2M white sweet-clover+, yellow sweet-clover, yellow goat's-beard, Japanese chess*, crested wheatgrass, lamb’s-quarters, Canada thistle* SW 06-03-18 W2M smooth brome+

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QUARTER SECTION WEED SPECIES SE 06-03-18 W2M stinkweed*, redroot pigweed, green foxtail*, Canada thistle*, wild buckwheat* NW 09-02-18 W2M Canada thistle*, yellow goat's-beard, yellow sweet-clover, crested wheatgrass, white sweet-clover+ NE 09-02-18 W2M yellow goat's-beard, yellow sweet-clover, Canada thistle*, prickly lettuce, crested wheatgrass NW 20-01-17 W2M Canada thistle*, stinkweed*, annual sow-thistle*, wild oat*, tumbling mustard* SE 14-01-17 W2M wild oat*, green foxtail*, flixweed, Canada thistle*, annual sow-thistle*, redroot pigweed SW 13-01-17 W2M green foxtail* SE 13-01-17 W2M green foxtail*, kochia NW 11-01-16 W2M wild buckwheat* SE 12-01-16 W2M sow-thistle species*, Canada thistle*, prickly lettuce, flixweed, green foxtail*, yellow goat's-beard, stinkweed*, kochia, tumbling mustard* NW 12-01-17 W2M flixweed, wild oat*, crested wheatgrass NE 06-01-16 W2M stinkweed*, plantago sp., wild buckwheat*, Canada thistle* NW 05-01-16 W2M running cheeseweed*, green foxtail*, kochia SE 05-01-16 W2M annual sow-thistle* SE 04-01-16 W2M foxtail barley, kochia SW 03-01-16 W2M crested wheatgrass SW 02-01-16 W2M crested wheatgrass, flixweed NW 01-01-16 W2M green foxtail* SW 01-01-16 W2M crested wheatgrass SE 01-01-16 W2M alfalfa+, yellow goat's-beard, white sweet-clover+, yellow sweet-clover, curled dock+, Canada thistle*, smooth brome+, crested wheatgrass Notes: * Noxious species (Government of Saskatchewan 1987, CDC 2010e) + Non-native species of possible reclamation concern, not listed by Saskatchewan CDC as a noxious weed (CDC 2010e) or invasive species (CDC 2010f)

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

Attachment I-5

Cumulative Vascular Plant Species List for Vantage Pipeline

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Vantage Pipeline Project Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Appendix I: Vegetation Baseline Information and Field Results

Table I-12

Cumulative List of Vascular Plant Species for the Vantage Pipeline PSA 2010 SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Pteridophytes (Ferns And Fern Allies) – 5 Taxa Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense var. arvense common or field horsetail GP - - - (Horsetail Family) Equisetum hyemale subsp. affine common or tall scouring rush GP - - - Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring-rush or GP - - - horsetail Equisetum variegatum variegated or northern GP - - - scouring-rush Selaginellaceae Selaginella densa var. densa prairie selaginella or GP - - - (Spikemoss Family) spike-moss Gymnosperms (Conifers) – 1 Taxa Cupressaceae Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper or savin GP - - - (Cypress Family) Angiosperms (Flowering Plants) – 477 Taxa Aceraceae Acer negundo var. interius Manitoba or ash-leaved maple GP - - - (Maple Family) Alismataceae Alisma gramineum grass-leaved water-plantain KXL S3 (Water-plantain Family) Alisma triviale broad-leaved or western GP - - - (SYN: A. plantago-aquatica) water-plantain Sagittaria cuneata arum-leaved or duck-potato GP - - - arrowhead Amaranthaceae Amaranthus albus* tumbleweed or white pigweed GP - - - (Amaranth Family) Amaranthus blitoides* prostrate or mat pigweed GP - - - (SYN: A. graecizans) Amaranthus retroflexus* redroot or rough pigweed GP Invasive Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron rydbergi poison-ivy GP - - - (Cashew Family) (SYN: Rhus radicans var. rydbergii) Apiaceae Cicuta bulbifera bulbous water-hemlock GP - - - (Carrot Family) Cicuta maculata var. maculata eastern or spotted GP - - - water-hemlock Heracleum maximum cow-parsnip GP - - - (SYN: H. lanatum) Lomatium (species) wild-parsley, (unidentified to GP - - - species) Osmorhiza depauperata spreading white cicely KXL S3S4 Sium suave water-parsnip GP - - - Zizia aptera heart-leaved or wingless GP - - - Alexander Apocynaceae Apocynum cannabinum Indian-hemp or GP - - - (Dogbane Family) var. hypericifolium hemp-dogbane Asclepiadaceae Asclepias speciosa showy milkweed GP - - - (Milkweed Family) Asteraceae Achillea millefolium var. lanulosa common yarrow GP - - - (Aster Family) Agoseris glauca var. glauca smooth or prairie agoseris GP - - - Almutaster pauciflorus few-flowered aster GP S3 (SYN: Aster pauciflorus)

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Ambrosia trifida* great ragweed GP - - - Asteraceae Antennaria neglecta var. neglecta field or prairie pussytoes GP - - - (Aster Family) Antennaria parvifolia low or small-leaved pussytoes GP - - - (SYN: A. aprica) Antennaria umbrinella brown-bracted mountain KXL S2S3 everlasting Arctium minus* common or lesser burdock GP Invasive Arnica chamissonis leafy or chamisso arnica GP - - - Artemisia absinthium* absinthe GP Invasive Artemisia biennis var. biennis* biennial wormwood GP - - - Artemisia campestris subsp. caudata plains sagewort or wormwood GP - - - Artemisia campestris subsp. pacifica western plains sagewort or GP - - - wormwood Artemisia cana subsp. cana hoary or silver sagewort GP - - - Artemisia dracunculus linear-leaved wormwood GP - - - var. dracunculus Artemisia frigida pasture or fringed sage GP - - - Artemisia ludoviciana prairie or white sagewort GP - - - var. ludoviciana Artemisia ludoviciana low prairie or white sagewort GP - - - var. gnaphalodes Bidens frondosa common or tall beggar-ticks GP S2S3 Bidens tripartita* beggar-ticks GP - - - Bidens vulgata common or tall beggar-ticks GP - - - Cirsium arvense* var. arvense Canada or creeping thistle GP Noxious Cirsium flodmanii Flodmann’s or prairie thistle GP - - - Cirsium undulatum var. undulatum wavy-leaved or pasture thistle GP - - - Cirsium vulgare* bull or Scotch thistle GP Invasive Conyza canadensis var. glabratus horseweed or Canada GP - - - (SYN: Erigeron canadensis) fleabane Coreopsis tinctoria golden coreopsis or tickseed GP - - - Cyclachaena xanthifolia false ragweed GP - - - (SYN: Iva xanthifolia) Dieteria canescens canescent or hoary aster GP - - - (SYN: Machaeranthera canescens) Ericameria nauseosa var. nauseosa common or rubber GP - - - (SYN: Chrysothamnus nauseosus) rabbit-brush Erigeron caespitosus tufted fleabane GP - - - Erigeron compositus var. glabellus dwarf mountain or compound GP S3? fleabane Erigeron glabellus var. glabellus smooth or streamside GP - - - fleabane Erigeron glabellus var. pubescens smooth fleabane GP - - - Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane GP - - - var. philadelphicus Gaillardia aristata great blanket-flower or GP - - - brown-eyed susan Gnaphalium palustre western marsh cudweed GP - - - Gnaphalium uliginosum low or marsh cudweed GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Asteraceae Grindelia squarrosa var. squarrosa curly-cup gumweed GP - - - (Aster Family) Gutierezzia sarothrae common broomweed GP - - - Helenium autumnale common sneezeweed GP - - - Helianthus annuus common annual sunflower GP - - - subsp. lenticularis Helianthus nuttallii subsp. nuttallii Nuttall’s sunflower GP - - - Helianthus pauciflorus subsp. subrhomoideus rhombic-leaved sunflower GP - - - (SYN: H. subrhomboideus) Helianthus petiolaris subsp. Coupland’s sunflower GP - - - petiolaris (SYN: H. couplandii) Heterotheca villosa var. villosa hairy golden-aster GP - - - Hymenopappus filifolius tufted hymenopappus or GP S3 var. polycephalus fineleaf woolywhite Hymenoxys richardsonii Richardson’s or Colorado GP - - - var. richardsonii rubber-plant Iva axillaris poverty-weed GP Noxious Lactuca serriola* prickly or lobed prickly lettuce GP Invasive Leucanthemum vulgare* (SYN: Chrysanthemum ox-eye daisy GP Invasive leucanthemum) Liatris ligulistylis northern meadow GP - - - blazingstar Liatris punctata dotted blazingstar GP - - - Lygodesmia juncea skeletonweed GP - - - Madia glomerata clustered tarweed GP - - - Matricaria discoidea* pineappleweed GP - - - (M. suaveolens, M. matricarioides) Mulgedium pulchellum (SYN: Lactuca tectorum var. wild or common blue lettuce GP - - - pulchella, L. pulchella) Packera cana silvery or woolly groundsel GP - - - (SYN: Senecio canus) Pyrrocoma lanceolata lance-leaved goldenweed or (SYN: Haplopappus lanceolatus GP - - - ironplant var. lanceolatus) Ratibida columnifera prairie or long-headed GP - - - coneflower Senecio integerrimus entire-leaved groundsel GP - - - (no variety) Senecio vulgaris* common groundsel GP Invasive Solidago altissima subsp. gilvocanescens Canada goldenrod GP - - - (SYN: S. canadensis) Solidago gigantea subsp. serotina late or giant goldenrod GP - - - Solidago missouriensis Missouris or low goldenrod GP - - - Solidago mollis velvety or soft goldenrod GP - - - Solidago nemoralis subsp. showy or gray goldenrod GP - - - decemiflora

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Asteraceae Solidago rigida var. humilis stiff-leaved or rigid goldenrod GP - - - (Aster Family) Solidago simplex var. simplex mountain or spike-like (SYN: S. spathulata var. GP - - - goldenrod neomexicana) Sonchus arvensis subsp. uliginosus perennial or smooth sow thistle GP - - - (SYN: S. uliginosus) Sonchus asper* spiny-leaved or prickly annual GP Invasive sow-thistle Sonchus oleraceus* annual sow-thistle GP Noxious Stenotus armerioides thrifty goldenweed GP - - - (SYN: Haplopappus armerioides) Symphyotrichum ascendens western aster GP - - - (SYN: Aster ascendens) Symphyotrichum ciliatum rayless or rayless alkali aster GP - - - (SYN: Aster brachyactis) Symphyotrichum ciliolatum Lindley’s blue or GP - - - (SYN: Aster ciliolatus) fringed aster Symphyotrichum ericoides tufted white prairie aster GP - - - (SYN: Aster ericoides) Symphyotrichum falcatum white prairie or heath aster GP - - - (SYN: Aster falcatus) Symphyotrichum laeve var. geyeri smooth blue aster GP - - - (SYN: Aster laevis) Symphyotrichum lanceolatum western willow or panicled var. hesperium (SYN: Aster GP - - - aster hesperius vars. h. and. laetevirens) Taraxacum officinale* common dandelion GP Noxious Tetraneuris acaulis stemless rubberweed, butter (SYN: Hymenoxys acaulis) marigold, stemless GP S1 four-nerve-daisy Tragopogon dubius* yellow goat’s-beard GP Invasive Tragopogon pratensis* meadow goat’s-beard GP - - - Trimorpha lonchophylla hirsute or short-rayed fleabane GP - - - (SYN: Erigeron lonchophyllus) Tripleurospermum inodorum* scentless chamomile GP Noxious (SYN: Matricaria perforata) Xanthisma grindelioides (SYN: Machaeranthera toothed iron-plant GP - - - grindelioides) Xanthisma spinulosum (SYN: Haplopappus spinulosus, cutleaf or spiny ironplant GP - - - Machaeranthera pinnatifida) Xanthium strumarium cocklebur GP - - - Balsaminaceae Impatiens unidentified touch-me-not GP - - - (Touch-me-not Family) (species) Betulaceae Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis river or water birch GP - - - (Birch Family) Boraginaceae Cryptantha fendleri Fendler’s cryptanthe GP - - - (Borage Family) Cryptantha celosioides Macoun's cryptanthe KXL S1

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Boraginaceae Cryptantha macounii Macoun’s oreocarya or GP - - - (Borage Family) cryptanthe Hackelia deflexa var. americana nodding stickseed GP - - - (SYN: H. americana) Lappula squarrosa* blue-bur GP Noxious Lithospermum incisum narrow-leaved or fringed GP - - - puccoon Plagiobotrys scouleri popcorn-flower, GP - - - Scouler’sallocarya Brassicaceae Boechera holboelii (Mustard Family) (SYN: Arabis holboellii var. reflexed rockcress GP - - - retroflexa) Brassica napa* canola, rapeseed GP Noxious Camelina microptera* small-seeded false-flax GP Noxious Capsella bursa-pastoris* shepherd’s-purse GP Invasive Descurania incana subsp. procera mountain tansy-mustard GP - - - (SYN: D. richardsonii) Descurania pinnata subsp. short-fruited or green tansy GP - - - brachycarpa mustard Descurania sophia* flixweed GP Invasive Draba nemorosa velvety or soft goldenrod GP - - - Erucastrum gallicum* common dog mustard GP Invasive Erysimum asperum western wallflower, prairie GP - - - (SYN: E. capitatum) rocket Erysimum chieranthoides wormseed mustard GP - - - var. chieranthoides* Erysimum inconspicuum small-flowered GP - - - prairie-rocket Lepidium densiflorum common pepper-grass GP - - - (no variety) Lepidium ramosissimum branched or bushy pepper-grass GP - - - Neslia paniculata* ball mustard GP Noxious Rorippa curvipes yellow cress GP S2S3 Rorippa palustris subsp. palustris marsh yellow-cress GP - - - Rorippa palustris subsp. hispida hairy marsh yellow-cress GP - - - Sisyrimbium altissimum* tumble mustard GP Noxious Thlaspi arvense* field pennycress, stinkweed GP Noxious Cactaceae Escobaria vivipara purple pincushion cactus GP - - - (Cactus Family) Opuntia fragilis brittle or little prickly-pear GP - - - Opuntia polyacantha plains or many-silked GP - - - prickly-pear Campanulaceae Campanula rotundifolia common harebell GP - - - (Hairbell Family) Capparaceae Peritoma serrulata pink spider-plant, bee plant GP - - - (Caper Family) (SYN: Cleome serrulata) Caprifoliaceae Lonicera tatarica* Tartarian honeysuckle GP Invasive (Honeysuckle Family) Symphoricarpos occidentalis western snowberry, buckbrush GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Caryophyllaceae Eremogone congesta var. lithophila (Pink Family) (SYN: Arenaria congesta rocky-ground sandwort GP S3 var. lithophila) Cerastium arvense subsp. strictum field or mouse-ear chickweed GP - - - Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare* common mouse-ear chickweed GP - - - (SYN: C. vulgatum) Gypsophila paniculata* tall baby’s-breath GP Invasive Paronychia sessiliflora low whitlow-wort GP - - - Silene csereii* smooth catchfly GP - - - Silene drummondii var. drummondii Drummond’s cockle or catchfly GP - - - Silene latifolia* subsp. alba white cockle or campion GP Noxious (SYN: S. alba) Silene noctiflora night-flowering catchfly GP Noxious Spergularia salina salt-marsh sand-spurry GP - - - (SYN: S. marina) Stellaria longifolia var. longifolia ong-leaved chickweed GP - - - Stellaria media* common chickweed GP Invasive Vaccaria hispanica* (SYN: V. pyramidica, Saponaria cowcockle GP Noxious vaccaria) Chenopodiaceae Atriplex gardneri Gardner’s or Nuttall’s atriplex GP - - - (Goosefoot Family) (SYN: A.nuttallii) Atriplex powellii Powell’s saltbush or orach GP S1 Atriplex prostrata* halbert-leaf saltbush GP - - - Axyris amaranthoides* Russian pigweed GP Chenopodium album* var. album lamb’s-quarters GP Invasive Chenopodium fremontii Fremont’s goosefoot GP - - - Chenopodium leptophyllum narrow-leaved goosefoot GP - - - Chenopodium pratericola narrow-leaved or desert GP - - - goosefoot Chenopodium rubrum red goosefoot GP - - - Chenopodium salinum oak-leaved goosefoot GP - - - Kochia scoparia* summer-cypress GP Invasive Krascheninnikovia lanata winter-fat, white-sage GP - - - (SYN: Eurotia lanata) Monolepis nuttalliana spear-leaved goosefoot GP - - - Salicornia rubra glasswort or red samphire GP - - - (SYN: S. europaea subsp. rubra) Salsola australis* prickly Russian-thistle GP Noxious (SYN: S. tragus, S. pestifer) Sarcobatus vermiculatus black greasewood GP - - - Suaeda calceoliformis western blite or sea-blite GP - - - Convolvulaceae Calystegia sepium hedge false-bindweed or wild GP - - - (Morning-glory Family) morning-glory Convolvulus arvensis* field bindweed GP Noxious Cornaceae Cornus sericea subsp. Stolonifera red-osier dogwood GP - - - (Dogwood Family) (SYN: C. sericea) Crassulariaceae Sedum lanceolatum lance-leaved or common GP S3? (Stonecrop Family) subsp. lanceolatum stonecrop

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Cyperaceae Bolboschoenus maritimus (Sedge Family) subsp. paludosus prairie bulrush GP - - - (SYN: Scirpus paludosus) Carex aquatilis water sedge GP - - - Carex atherodes awned sedge GP - - - Carex athrostachya long-bracted sedge GP - - - Carex aurea golden sedge GP - - - Carex bebbii Bebb’s sedge GP - - - Carex brevior broad-fruited sedge GP - - - Carex crawfordii Crawford’s sedge GP - - - Carex duriuscula (SYN: C. stenophylla subsp. low sedge GP - - - eleocharis) Carex filifolia thread-leaved sedge GP - - - Carex inops subsp. heliophila sun-loving sedge GP - - - (SYN: Carex pensylvanica var. digyna) Carex obtusata blunt sedge GP - - - Carex pellita woolly sedge GP - - - (SYN: C. lanuginosa) Carex praegracilis graceful sedge GP - - - Carex praticola northern meadow sedge GP - - - Carex rossii Ross’ sedge GP - - - Carex utriculata var. utriculata northern beaked or GP - - - small bottle sedge Carex sect. Ovales sedge GP - - - Eleocharis acicularis needle spike-rush GP - - - Eleocharis engelmannii Engelman's spikerush GP S2 (Engelmann’s spike-rush) Eleocharis palustris creeping or common GP - - - spike-rush Schoenoplectus acutus hardstem bulrush GP - - - (SYN: Scirpus acutus) Schoenoplectus pungens three-square bulrush GP - - - (SYN: Scirpus pungens) Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Softstem bulrush GP - - - (SYN: Scirpus validus) Scirpus microcarpus small-fruited bulrush GP - - - Scirpus nevadensis Nevada bulrush GP - - - Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus commutata silverberry, wolf willow GP - - - (Oleaster Family) Shepherdia argentea thorny or silvery buffaloberry GP - - - Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce glyptosperma ridge-seeded spurge GP - - - (Spurge Family) (SYN: Euphorbia glyptosperma) Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia esula var. esula* leafy spurge GP - - - (Spurge Family) Fabaceae Astragalus agrestis purple or field milk-vetch GP - - - (Bean Family) (SYN: A. dasyglottis) Astragalus bisulcatus two-grooved milk-vetch GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Fabaceae Astragalus cicer* chickpea or cicer milk-vetch GP - - - (Bean Family) Astragalus drummondii Drummond’s milk-vetch GP - - - Astragalus gilviflorus cushion or plains milk-vetch GP - - - Astragalus kentrophyta var. prickly or spiny milk-vetch KXL, CDC S1 kentrophyta Astragalus laxmannii var. robustior ascending purple milk-vetch GP - - - (SYN: A. striatus) Astragalus lotiflorus low or lotus milk-vetch GP S3 Astragalus missouriensis Missouri milk-vetch GP - - - Astragalus pectinatus narrow-leaved milk-vetch GP - - - Astragalus purshii Pursh’s milk-vetch CDC S2 Astragalus spatulatus tufted milk-vetch GP S2S3 Astragalus tenellus loose-flowered or pulse GP - - - milk-vetch Caragana arborescens* common caragana or GP Invasive Siberian pea-shrub Dalea candida (no variety) white prairie-clover GP - - - (SYN: Petalosteum candidum) Dalea purpurea var. purpurea (SYN: Petalosteum purpureum purple prairie-clover GP - - - var. purpureum) Dalea purpurea (SYN: Petalosteum purpureum hairy purple prairie-clover GP - - - var. pubescens) Glycerrhiza lepidota var. lepidota American wild licorice GP - - - Lens culinaris* lentil GP - - - Lotus corniculatus* bird’s-foot trefoil GP - - - Lupinus pusillus subsp. pusillus small lupine GP S2 Medicago lupulina* black medick GP Invasive Medicago sativa subsp. sativa* blue alfalfa GP - - - Medicago sativa subsp. falcata* yellow alfalfa GP - - - Melilotus alba* white sweet-clover GP - - - Melilotus officinalis* yellow sweet-clover GP Invasive Onobrychis viciifolia* sainfoin GP - - - Oxytropis campestris var. spicata early yellow locoweed GP - - - (SYN: O. sericea var. speciosa) Oxytropis monticola late yellow locoweed GP - - - Oxytropis splendens showy locoweed GP - - - var. richardsonii Pediomelum argophyllum silver-leaf scurf-pea GP - - - (SYN: Psoralea argophylla) Pediomelum esculantum Indian breadroot GP - - - (SYN: Psoralea esculenta) Psoralidium lanceolatum lance-leaved scurf-pea GP - - - (SYN: Psoralea lanceolatum) Thermopsis rhombifolia golden-bean or yellow GP - - - buffalo-bean Triflorum hybridum* alsike clover GP Invasive

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Fabaceae Trifolium pratense* red clover GP Invasive (Bean Family) Vicia americana subsp. americana American vetch GP - - - Vicia americana subsp. minor narrow-leaved American vetch GP - - - (SYN: V. sparsiflora) Gentianaceae Gentiana affinis prairie or pleated gentian GP - - - (Gentian Family) Gentianella amarella felwort or northern gentian GP - - - Grossulariaceae Ribes americanum wild black current GP - - - (Gooseberry Family) Ribes oxyacanthoides var. setosum northern gooseberry GP - - - Haloragaceae Myriophyllum sibiricum Siberian or American GP - - - (Water-milfoil Family) (SYN: M. exalbescens) water-milfoi Hippuridaceae Hippuris vulgaris common mare’s-tail GP - - - (Mare’s-tail Family) Iridaceae Sisyrinchium montanum common blue-eyed-grass GP - - - (Iris Family) var. montanum Juncaceae Juncus arcticus var. balticus Baltic or Arctic rush GP - - - (Rush Family) (SYN: J. balticus) Juncus bufonius toad rush GP - - - Juncaceae Juncus confusus few-flowered rush KXL S2 (Rush Family) Juncus dudleyi slender or path rush GP - - - (SYN: J. tenuis var. dudleyi) Juncus longistylis long-styled rush GP - - - Juncaginaceae Triglochin maritimum seaside or shore arrow-grass GP - - - (Arrowgrass Family) Triglochin palustris marsh or slender arrow-grass GP - - - Lamiaceae Galeopsis tetrahit* var. tetrahi common or brittle-stem GP Invasive (Mint Family) hemp-nettle Hedeoma hispida rough false pennyroyal GP S3 Lycopus americanus cut-leaved or American GP - - - horehound Lycopus asper western or rough GP - - - water-horehound Mentha arvensis var. glabrata common or field mint GP - - - Monarda fistulosa var. menthifolia wild bergamot GP - - - Nepeta cataria* catnip GP - - - Stachys pilosa var. pilosa hairy or marsh hedge-nettle GP - - - (SYN: S. palustris) Lemnaceae Lemna minor lesser or common duckweed GP - - - (Duckweed Family) Lemna trisulca ivy-leaved or star duckweed GP - - - Lentibulariaceae Utricularia macrorhiza common or greater bladderwort GP - - - (Bladderwort Family) (SYN: U. vulgaris) Liliaceae Allium textile prairie onion GP - - - (Lily Family) Liliaceae Maianthemum stellatum star-flowered or starry GP - - - (Lily Family) (SYN: Smilacina stellata) Solomon’s-sea Prosartes trachycarpum rough-fruited fairy-bells GP - - - (SYN: Disporum trachycarpum) Zigadenus elegans subsp. elegans white or smoothcamas GP - - - Zigadenus venulosus var. gramineus grass-leaved death camus GP - - - Linum lewisii var. lewisii Lewis’ wild blue flax GP - - - Linum rigidum var. rigidum yellow flax GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Linaceae Linum usitasissimum* common or cultivated flax GP - - - (Flax Family) Malvaceae Malva rotundifolia* sensu lato round-leaved mallow GP Noxious (Mallow Family) Nyctaginaceae Mirabilis hirsuta var. hirsuta narrow-leaved four o’clock GP - - - (Four o’clock Family) Mirabilis linearis linear-leaved four o’clock, GP S2 (SYN: M. hirsuta var. linearis) narrowleaf umbrella-wort Onagraceae Epilobium brachycarpum annual willowherb GP - - - (Evening-Primrose Epilobium ciliatum subsp. ciliatum common or northern GP - - - Family) willowherb Onagraceae Epilobium ciliatum glandular or northern GP - - - (Evening-Primrose subsp. glandulosum willowherb Family) Epilobium leptophyllum narrow-leaved or bog GP - - - willowherb Epilobium pygmaeum smooth boisduvalia or GP S2 (SYN: Boisduvalia glabella) spike-primrose Gaura coccinea var. coccinea scarlet gaura, butterfly-plant GP - - - Oenothera biennis yellow or common GP - - - evening-primrose Oenothera caespitosa butte primrose KXL S3 Oenothera flava subsp. flava low yellow evening-primrose GP S3 Orobanchaceae Orobanche fasciculata clustered broomrape GP - - - (Broomrape Family) Orobanche ludoviciana Lousiana broomrape GP - - - Parnassiaceae Parnassia palustris var. tenuis meadow or northern (Grass-of-Parnassus (SYN: var. neogaea) GP - - - grass-of-parnassus Family) Plantaginaceae Plantago eriopoda saline or alkaline plantain GP - - - (Plantain Family) Plantago major* common plantain GP Invasive Plantago patagonica woolly or Pursh’s plantain GP S2S4 var. patagonica Poaceae Achnantherum hymenoides Indian rice grass GP - - - (Grass Family) (SYN: Oryzopsis hymenoides) Achnantherum nelsonii Columbia needle grass GP - - - (SYN: Stipa columbiana) Agropyron cristatum* crested wheat grass GP - - - (SYN: A. pectiniforme) Agropyron fragile subsp. sibiricum* Siberian wheatgrass GP - - - (SYN: A. sibiricum) Agrostis scabra rough hairgrass GP - - - Agrostis stolonifera redtop, creeping bent GP - - - var. stolonifera* Alopecurus aequalis var. aequalis short-awned foxtail GP - - - Alopecurus carolinianus Carolina or tufted foxtail GP S1 Avena fatua* wild oats GP Noxious Avena sativa* cultivated oats GP - - - Avenula hookeri Hooker’s oat-grass GP - - - (SYN: Helictotrichon hookeri) Beckmannia syzigachne American slough grass GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Poaceae Bouteloua gracilis blue grama GP - - - (Grass Family) Bromus inermis var. inermis* smooth brome GP - - -

Bromus japonicus* Japanese chess GP Noxious Bromus tectorum* downy chess GP Noxious Calamagrostis montanensis plains reed-grass GP - - - Calamagrostis stricta subsp. northern reed-grass GP - - - inexpansa (SYN: C. inexpansa) Calamagrostis stricta subsp. stricta narrow reed-grass GP - - - Calamovilfa longifolia sand-grass GP - - - Dactylis glomerata* orchard grass GP Invasive Danthonia intermedia timber wild-oat grass GP - - - Deschampsia cespitosa tufted hair-grass GP - - - subsp. cespitosa Digitaria ischaemum* small or smooth crab-grass GP - - - Distichlis spicata var. stricta inland salt-grass GP - - - Echinochloa crusgalli* barnyard grass GP Invasive X Elyhordeum macounii Macoun’s wild-rye GP - - - (SYN: X Agrohordeum macounii) Elymus albicans awned northern wheatgrass GP - - - (SYN: Agropyron albicans) Elymus canadensis var. canadensis Canada or nodding wild-rye GP - - - Elymus lanceolatus var. lanceolatus (SYN: Agropyron dasystachyum northern wheat grass GP - - - var. dasystachyum) Elymus lanceolatus var. riparius (SYN: Agropyron dasystachyum streambank wheat grass GP - - - var. dasystachyum) Elymus repens* (SYN: Agropyron repens, Elytrigia quack or couch grass GP Noxious repens) Elymus trachycaulus slender or western wheatgrass GP - - - subsp. trachycaulus Elymus virginicus var. virginicus Virginia wildrye GP - - - Elymus trachycaulus awned slender or western GP - - - subsp. subsecundus wheatgrass Festuca altaica subsp. hallii plains rough fescue GP - - - (SYN: F. hallii) Festuca rubra(*) subsp. rubra red fescue GP - - - Festuca saximontana Rocky Mountain fescue GP - - - Festuca (?ovina*) fescue, (rehabilitation species) GP - - - Glyceria borealis northern or floating GP - - - manna-grass Glyceria grandis tall or American manna-grass GP - - - Glyceria striata var. stricta fowl manna-grass GP - - - Hesperostipa comata subsp. comata needle-and-thread grass GP - - - (SYN: Stipa comata) Hesperostipa curtiseta western porcupine grass GP - - - (SYN: Stipa curtiseta) Hordeum jubatum fox-tail barley GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Poaceae Hordeum vulgatum* barley GP Invasive (Grass Family) Koeleria macrantha June-grass GP - - -

Leymus piperi giant wild rye KXL S1S2 (SYN: Elymus piperi) Lolium perenne* perennial rye-grass GP - - - Lolium persicum Persian darnel GP Noxious Muhlenbergia asperifolia scratch-grass GP - - - Muhlenbergia cuspidata plains muhly GP - - - Muhlenbergia glomerata bog muhly GP - - - Muhlenbergia richardsonis mat muhly GP - - - Nassella viridula green needle-grass GP - - - (SYN: Stipa viridula) Pascopyrum smithii western wheatgrass GP - - - (SYN: Agropyron smithii var. s.) Phalaris arundinacea reed canary-grass GP - - - Phleum pratense* common timothy GP Invasive Piptatherum micranthum little-seeded rice-grass GP - - - (SYN: Oryzopsis micrantha) Poa annua* annual bluegrass GP Invasive Poa compressa* Canada bluegrass GP Invasive Poa interior inland bluegrass GP - - - Poa palustris fowl bluegrass GP - - - Poa pratensis(*) (no varieties) Kentucky bluegrass GP Invasive Poa secunda subsp. juncifolia alkali bluegrass GP - - - (SYN: P. juncifolia) Poa secunda subsp. sandbergii Sandberg’s bluegrass GP - - - (SYN: P. sandbergii) Psanthyrostachys juncea* Russian wild rye GP - - - (SYN: Elymus junceus) Puccinellia nuttalliana Nuttall’s alkali-grass GP - - - Schedonnardus paniculatus prairie tumble-grass GP S2S3 Schedonorus pratense* (SYN: Lolium pratense, meadow or tall fescue GP - - - Festuca pratensis) Schizachyrium scoparium little bluestem GP - - - Scolochloe festucacea spangletop GP - - - Setaria pumila* yellow foxtail GP - - - (SYN: S. glauca) Setaria viridis* green foxtail GP Noxious Spartina gracilis alkali cord-grass GP - - - Spartina pectinata prairie cord-grass GP - - - Sphenopolis obtusata var. major slender wedge-grass GP - - - (SYN: S. intermedia) Sphenopolis obtusata var. obtusata prairie wedge-grass GP - - - Sporobolus cryptandrus sand dropseed GP - - - Thinopyrum intermedium* intermediate wheat-grass GP - - - (SYN: Agropyron intermedium) Vulpia octoflora six-weeks fescue KXL S2

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Polemoniaceae Collomia linearis narrow-leaved collomia GP - - - (Phlox Family) Navarretia leucocephala least or small navarretia GP S3 subsp. minima (SYN: N. minima) Phlox alyssifolia blue or blue wild phlox GP S2 Phlox hoodii subsp. canescens moss or Hood’s phlox GP - - - Polygalaceae Polygala alba white milkwort GP S3 (Milkwort Family) Polygonaceae Eriogonum flavum var. flava yellow umbrella-plant GP - - - (Buckwheat Family) Fagopyrum tataricum* Tartary buckwheat GP Noxious Fallopia convolvulus* wild buckwheat GP Noxious (SYN: Polygonum convolvulus) Persicaria amphibia var. stipulacea (SYN: Polygonum amphibium scarlet water smartweed GP - - - var. stipulaceum, P. coccineum) Persicaria lapathifolia pale persicaria GP - - - (SYN: Polygonum lapathifolium) Polygonum arenastrum* common or yard knotweed GP - - - Polygonum erectum striate knotweed GP - - - Polygonum monspeliense least knotweed GP Invasive Polygonum ramosissimum bushy knotweed GP - - - Rumex crispus* curled dock GP - - - Rumex fueginus golden dock GP - - - (SYN: R. maritimus) Rumex triangulivalvis narrow-leaved dock GP - - - Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea* purslane GP - - - (Purslane Family) Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton gramineus grass-leaved pondweed GP - - - (Pondweed Family) Potamogeton richardsonii clasping-leaved or GP - - - Richardson’s pondweed Potamogeton strictifolius straight-leaved pondweed CDC S2 Suckenia pectinata Sago pondweed GP - - - (SYN: Potamogeton pectinatus) Primulaceae Androsace septentrionalis northern pygmy-flower or fairy GP - - - (Primrose Family) candelabra Dodecatheon conjugens mountain shooting-star KXL S3? Glaux maritima sea-milkwort GP - - - Dodecatheon pulchellum beautiful or saline shooting-star GP - - - subsp. pulchellum Lysimachia hybrida lance-leaved or lowland GP S2 (SYN: L. lanceolata subsp. hybrida) loosestrife Ranunculaceae Actaea rubra red baneberry GP - - - (Buttercup Family) Anemone canadensis Canada anemone GP - - - Anemone cylindrica candle or long-headed anemone GP - - - Delphinium bicolor low larkspur K S2S3 Pulsatilla patens prairie croccus GP - - - (SYN: Anemone patens) Anemone multifida cut-leaved anemone GP - - - Myosurus minimus least mousetail KXL S2S3 Ranunculus abortivus small-flowered or kidney-leaf GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Ranunculaceae Ranunculus acris* common or tall buttercup GP Invasive (Buttercup Family) Ranunculus amphibium white water crowfoot GP - - - var. diffusa (SYN: R. trichophyllus) Ranunculus cardiophyllus heart-leaved buttercup KXL S1S2 Ranunculus cymbalaria shore or seaside buttercup GP - - - Ranunculus macounii Macoun’s buttercup GP - - - Ranunculus rhomboideus prairie buttercup GP - - - Ranunculus sceleratus cursed or celery-leaved GP - - - buttercup Thalictrum dasycarpum purple or tall meadow-rue GP - - - Thalictrum venulosum veiny meadow-rue GP - - - Rosaceae Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon-berry GP - - - (Rose Family) Argentina anserina silverweed GP - - - (SYN: Potentilla anserina) Chamaerhodos erecta var. nuttallii chamaerhodos GP - - - Crataegus rotundifolia round-leaved hawthorn GP - - - Dasiphora fruticosa (SYN: Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil GP - - - var. floribunda) Fragaria virginiana var. glauca smooth wild strawberry GP - - - Geum aleppicum yellow avens GP - - - Geum triflorum three-flowered avens GP - - - Potentilla arguta white or tall cinquefoil GP - - - Potentilla concinna var. concinna early cinquefoil GP - - - Potentilla gracilis var. fastigiata graceful or erect cinquefoil GP - - - (SYN: var. rigida) Potentilla gracilis var. flabelliformis graceful or fan-shaped GP - - - cinquefoil Potentilla gracilis var. gracilis graceful cinquefoil GP - - - Potentilla gracilis var. pulcherrima graceful cinquefoil GP - - - Potentilla hippiana var. hippiana woolly cinquefoil GP - - - Potentilla norvegica rough or Norwegian cinquefoil GP - - - var. monspeliensis Potentilla plattensis low cinquefoil GP - - - Potentilla pensylvanica prairie or Pennsylvania GP - - - var. pensylvanica cinquefoil Prunus pensylvanica fire or pin cherry GP - - - Prunus virginiana common or eastern GP - - - subsp. melanocarpa chokecherry Rosa arkansana prairie or low wild rose GP - - - Rosa woodsii Wood’s wild rose GP - - - Rubus idaeus subsp. strigosus red raspberry GP - - Rubiaceae Galium aparine* cleavers GP Noxious (Bedstraw Family) Galium boreale northern bedstraw GP - - - Galium triflorum sweet-scented bedstraw GP - - - Salicaceae Populus balsamifera balsam poplar or GP - - - (Willow Family) var. balsamifera balm-of-Giliad Populus deltoides plains or western cottonwood GP - - -

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SPECIES FAMILY LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FOUND BY STATUS Salicaceae Populus tremuloides trembling or quaking aspen GP - - - (Willow Family) Salix amygdaloides peach-leaved willow GP - - - Salix bebbiana beaked or gray willow GP - - - Salix famelica yellow or hungry willow GP - - - (SYN: S. lutea) Salix interior sandbar willow GP - - - Santalaceae Comandra umbellata subsp. pallida bastard toadflax GP - - - (Sandlewood Family) (SYN: C. pallida) Saxifragaceae Heuchera richardsonii Richardson’s alumroot GP - - - (Saxifrage Family) Scrophulariaceae Chaenorrhinum minus* dwarf or small snapdragon GP - - - (Figwort Family) Gratiola neglecta clammy hedge-hyssop GP - - - Limosella aquatica awl-leaved mudwort GP - - - Linaria vulgaris* butter-and-eggs GP Noxious Orthocarpus luteus golden-tongue owl’s-clover GP - - - Penstemon albidus white beardtongue GP - - - Penstemon procerus var. procerus slender blue beardtongue GP - - - Veronica americana American brooklime GP - - - Veronica anagallis-aquatica brook-pimpernel, blue water GP - - - (SYN: V. catenata) speedwell Veronica peregrina var. xalapensis hairy or purslane speedwell GP - - - Veronica serpyllifolia thyme-leaved speedwell KXL S1 Smilacaceae Smilax lasioneuron hairy-nerved carrion-flower GP - - - (Cat-briar Family) (SYN: S. herbacea) Solanaceae Solanum triflorum wild tomato, cut-leaved GP - - - (Nightshade Family) nightshade Sparganiaceae Sparganium eurycarpum giant bur-reed GP - - - (Bur-reed Family) Typhaceae Typha latifolia common cat-tail GP - - - (Cattail Family) Urticaceae Parietaria pensylvanica American pellitory GP - - - (Nettle Family) var. pensylvanica Urtica dioica var. gracilis stinging or common nettle GP - - - Verbenaceae Verbena bracteata bracted or carpet vervain GP - - - (Vervain Family) Violaceae Viola canadensis var. rugulosa western Canada or tall white GP - - - (Violet Family) violet Viola adunca var. adunca early blue violet GP - - - Viola nephrophylla northern bog violet GP - - - Zannichellianceae Zannichellia palustris (Horned Pondweed horned-pondweed GP - - - Family) Notes: S1 = Critically Imperiled * = Indicates Introduced Species S2 = Imperiled CDC = Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre, in LSA or RSA, to be sought S3 =Vulnerable GP = Ghostpine Environmental Services Ltd. S4 = Apparently Secure KXL = Keystone XL Pipeline (Jacques Whitford – Axys 2009), in LSA, to be sought S5 = Secure Invasive = Invasive Species Noxious = Noxious Weed Species

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SYNONYMS FOR GENUS/SPECIES NAMES Asteraceae (for Aster see Almutaster, Chenopodiaceae (for Eurotia see Krascheninnikovia) (Aster Family): Symphyotrichum, Dieteria) (Goosefoot Family): Cyperaceae (for Chrysanthemum see Leucanthemum) (for Scirpus also see Bolboschoenus, Schoenoplectus) (Sedge Family): Liliaceae (for Chrysothamnus see Ericameria) (for Disporum see Prosartes) (Lily Family): (for E. lonchophyllus see Trimorpha) (for Smilacina see Maianthemum) (for Haplopappus armerioides see Onagraceae (for Boisduvalia glabella see Epilobium pygmaeum) Stenotus) (Evening-Primrose Family): (for Haplopappus lanceolatus see Poaceae (for Agropyron also see Elymus and Pascopyrum) Pyrrocoma) (Grass Family): (for Haplopappus spinulosus see (for Andropogon scoparius see Schizachyrium) Zanthisma) (for Hymenoxys acaulis see Tetraneuris) (for Elymus junceus see Psanthyrostachys) (for Iva xanthifolia see Cyclachaena) (for Festuca pratense see Schedonorus pratense) (for Lactuca pulchella see Mulgedium) (for Helictotrichon see Avenula) (for Machaeranthera canescens see (for Oryzopsis see Achnatherum and Piptatherum) Dieteria) (for Macheranthera grindelioides see (for Stipa see Achnatherum, Hesperostipa, Nassella) Xanthisma) (for Matricaria perforata see Polygalaceae (for Polygonum see Fallopia, Persicaria) Tripleurospermum inodorum) (Milkwort Family): Ranunculaceae (for Senecio canus see Packera cana) (for Anemone patens see Pulsatilla) (Buttercup Family): Brassicaceae Rosaceae (for Arabis holboelii see Boechera) (for other Potentilla see Argentia, Dasiphora) (Mustard Family): (Rose Family): Cactaceae Capparaceae (for Cleome see Peritoma) (for Coryphantha see Escobaria) (Cactus Family): (Caper Family): Caryophyllaceae (for Arenaria congesta see Eremogone) (Pink Family):

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