Promotion Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Dr. Brian O'meara Fall 2018
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CHRISTOPHER A. SCHMITT Department of Anthropology Office: +1 617 353-5026 Boston University Email: [email protected] 232 Bay State Road Web: www.evopropinquitous.net Boston, MA 02215 USA Twitter: @fuzzyatelin EDUCATION 2010 Ph.D. New York University – Biological Anthropology 2006 M.A. New York University – Biological Anthropology 2003 B.S. University of Wisconsin, Madison – English Literature & Zoology PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS 2015 – pres. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Boston University 2016 – pres. Joint Programmatic Appointment, Department of Biology, BU 2015 – pres. Affiliated Faculty, Women’s, Gender & Sexuality Studies Program, BU 2014 – 2015 Postdoctoral Scholar, Human Evolution Research Center, UC Berkeley 2013 – 2014 Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, University of Southern California 2010 – 2013 Postdoctoral Research Fellow, UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS (indicates undergraduate*, graduate**, and postdoctoral*** trainees) 28. Schmitt CA, Bergey CM, Jasinska AJ, Ramensky V, Burt F, Svardal H, Jorgensen MJJ, Freimer NB, Grobler JP, Truner TR. 2020. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptor variation in savanna monkeys (Chlorocebus spp.): Potential risk for zoonotic/anthroponotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and a potential model for functional studies. PLoS ONE 15(6): e0235106. 27. Brasil MF, Monson TA, Schmitt CA, Hlusko LJ. 2020. A genotype:phenotype approach to testing taxonomic hypotheses in hominds. Naturwissenschaften 107:40. DOI: 10.1007/s00114-020-01696-9 26. Schmitt CA, Garrett EC. 2020. De-scent with modification: More evidence and caution needed to assess whether the loss of a pheromone signaling protein permitted the evolution of same-sex sexual behavior in primates. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01583-z CV - Christopher A Schmitt 25. -
The Micropaleontology Project, Inc
The Micropaleontology Project, Inc. Remarks on the Species Concept in Paleontology Author(s): C. W. Drooger Reviewed work(s): Source: The Micropaleontologist, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Oct., 1954), pp. 23-26 Published by: The Micropaleontology Project, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1483957 . Accessed: 17/07/2012 05:06 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The Micropaleontology Project, Inc. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Micropaleontologist. http://www.jstor.org REMARKS ON THE'SPECIES CONCEPT IN PALEONTOLOGY C. W. DROOGER In the July issue of The Micropaleontologist, Esteban Boltovskoy raised the question of the species concept and related problems in the study of foramninifera. His article clearly shows the disadvantages of space limitations, as it deals with so many topics that the schematic treatment is sometimes in danger of being misunderstood. Nevertheless, Boltovskoy's article may be very usef'ul for those who ignore the neonto- logical species and subspecies concepts. Some very valuable warnings are given, although their background has to be necessarily very vague. At the risk of being equally terse, I would like to comment on some of the points raised by Boltovskoy. -
Glossary of Major Terms and Concepts
Glossary of Major Terms and Concepts The following terms and concepts form the core of much of this book. Generally, they appear in boldface type in the text. The chapters in which they are more fully discussed are also given. Acceleration: Faster rate of developmenral evenrs (at any level: cell, organ, individual) in the descendanr; produces peramorphie traits when expressed in the adult pheno type. (Chapters 1 and 2) Allometric heterochrony: Change in a trair as a function of size (as opposed to a function of age in " true" heterochrony); it is useful as adescriptor and can be inrerpretive considering that body size is often a beuer metric of " inrrinsic" age than chronologi cal age. The same categories apply as in " true" heterochrony, only the adjective "allometric" is prefixed: e.g. , " allometric progenesis" is when the descendant ter minates growth at a smaller size (as opposed to age) than the ancestor. (Chapter 2) Allometry: The study of size and shape, usually using biometrie data; the change in size and shape observed. Basic kinds of allometric change include the following. Com plex allometry: occurs when the ratio of the specific growth rates of the traits compared are not constant, a log-log plot comparing the traits will not yield a straight line (i.e., " k" in the allometric formula is inconstanr). Isometry: occurs when there is no change in shape with size increase; that is, when the traits being compared on a log-log plot yield a straight line with a slope (k in the allometric formula) that is effectively equal to 1. -
PLANT SCIENCE Bulletin Summer 2013 Volume 59 Number 2
PLANT SCIENCE Bulletin Summer 2013 Volume 59 Number 2 1st Place Triarch Botanical Images Student Travel Awards Ricardo Kriebel The New York Botanical Garden Flower of Miconia arboricola (Melastomataceae: Miconieae) in late anthesis In This Issue.............. Dr. Thomas Ranker and The BSA awards many for their PLANTS Recipients excel in others elected to serve the contributions.....p. 36 botany ......p. 15 BSA.....p. 35 From the Editor PLANT SCIENCE Every year this is one of my favorite issues of BULLETIN Plant Science Bulletin because we get to recognize Editorial Committee the accomplishments of some of our most worthy Volume 59 members. The Merit Awardees have been elected to the most select group of professional botanists in North America. Begun at the Fiftieth Anniversary Elizabeth Schussler (2013) meeting, 55 years ago, the Merit Award recognizes Department of Ecology & individuals for their outstanding contributions to the Evolutionary Biology mission of the Botanical Society. These are people University of Tennessee whose names we recognize from their publications, Knoxville, TN 37996-1610 presentations, and service to the society. They are [email protected] leaders at their own institutions, in the Botanical Society and in other scientific organizations. What I find more interesting, though, are the younger members being recognized for their Christopher Martine potential. These are graduate students beginning (2014) to make their mark in botanical research and being Department of Biology invested with the opportunity to help direct the Bucknell University evolution of the Society. They are also undergraduates Lewisburg, PA 17837 being recognized by their mentors for their initiative, [email protected] enthusiasm and drive to make discoveries and share their love of plants with others. -
A Festschrift for Jeremy B.C. Jackson and His Integration of Paleobiology, Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology
Evol Ecol (2012) 26:227-232 DOI 10.1007/sl0682-012-9556-4 ORIGINAL PAPER A festschrift for Jeremy B.C. Jackson and his integration of paleobiology, ecology, evolution, and conservation biology John M. Pandolfl • Ann F. Budd Received: 24 January 2012/Accepted: 27 January 2012/Published online: 10 February 2012 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 Abstract This collection of papers is dedicated to the career and achievements of Dr. Jeremy B.C. Jackson, and is written by a sample of his students, post-docs, and colleagues over his career. Jackson is an influential leader in cross-disciplinary research integrating ecology and paleontology. His contributions are broad in scope, and range in topic from the ecological and evolutionary consequences of the formation of the Central American Isthmus to the long-term impacts of human activities on the oceans. Two areas of particular interest have been the evolutionary ecology of coral reef organisms and the tempo and mode of speciation in the sea. Papers in the collection examine: colonial marine animals (Buss and Rice, Lidgard et al.), marrying genes and fossils (Budd et al., Marko and Hart, Palumbi et al., Jagadeeshan and O'Dea), the geography, tempo, and mode of evolution (Bromfield and Pandolfl, Norris and Hull, Vermeij, Erwin and Tweedt), and marine eco- system health (Sandin and Sala). Keywords Colonial animals • Ecology • Evolution • Taxonomic turnover • Conservation biology • Panama paleontology project • Historical ecology • Paleobiology Introduction This collection of papers is dedicated to the career and achievements of Dr. Jeremy B.C. Jackson. The papers are written by a sample of his students, post-docs, and colleagues over J. -
Anna Marie Prentiss Editor
Anna Marie Prentiss Editor Handbook of Evolutionary Research in Archaeology Handbook of Evolutionary Research in Archaeology Anna Marie Prentiss Editor Handbook of Evolutionary Research in Archaeology 123 Editor Anna Marie Prentiss Department of Anthropology University of Montana Missoula, MT, USA ISBN 978-3-030-11116-8 ISBN 978-3-030-11117-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11117-5 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
IB 200A Principals of Phylogenetic Systematics Spring 2008
IB 200A Principals of Phylogenetic Systematics Spring 2008 Integrating Fossils into Phylogenies Throughout the 20th century, the relationship between paleontology and evolutionary biology has been strained. Two common answers are: (1) the two fields have fundamentally different aims, and (2) the tensions arise out of disciplinary squabbles for funding and prestige. Principal differences between neontology and paleobiology Neontological evolutionary Evolutionary paleobiology biology Focus of study Living organisms Fossil remains of organisms Temporal Shorter term: Typically longer term: perspective 10−2 – 103 years 103 – 107 years Theory Models of natural selection and Relies on broader neo-darwinian Speciation, generally articulated theory; rarely uses population in terms of population or genetic theory. Some distinctively quantitative genetics paleobiological theory (e.g., taphonomy) Methods Greater emphasis on Less emphasis on experiments experiments Data Emphasizes genetic data Extremely limited access to and population structure genetic data and population structure John Maynard Smith (1920-2004) – British evolutionary biologist and geneticist; evolution of sex, game theory in evolution, and signaling theory. Smith, J. M. (1984). ""Paleontology at the high table.". Nature 309 (5967): 401-402. Hennig – Character phylogeny (polarity). “Criterion of geological character precedence. If in a a monophyletic group a particular character condition occurs only in older fossils, and another only in younger fossils, then obviously the former is pleisomorphous and the latter the apomorphous condition.” Hennig goes on to discuss paleontological methods of phylogenetic systematics. During much of the 19th and 20th centuries, palaeontology was often considered as fundamental for understanding relationships amongst extant taxa. Then, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, with the advent of cladistics, the supremacy of fossils in phylogentic reconstruction was forcefully and successfully challenged. -
Marine Ecological Research in Seashore and Seafloor Systems: Accomplishments and Future Directions
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published March 31 Mar Ecol Prog Ser I REVIEW Marine ecological research in seashore and seafloor systems: accomplishments and future directions James A. Esteslr*, Charles H. peterson2 'U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, A-316 Earth and Marine Sciences Building, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA 'Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, North Carolina 28557, USA ABSTRACT Research in seashore and seafloor communlt~eshas contributed mmensely to the concep- tual growth of ecology Here we summarize some of the most Important findings and discuss needs and opportunities for future work Dispropoi t~onatelylarge numbers of the most influential contrlbutlons are derived from studies of rocky short 5 and coral reefs because aspects of these systems (accessibility) and of their most common species (sessile or weaklv motile, high density short generation tline) make them well suited to manipulative experiments Foremost among the research contributions froin seashore and seafloor systems are increased understanding of (1) competition and consumer-prey interactions, (2) trophic cascades and other Indirect specles ~nteractions (3) the evolution of defense and resistance in consumer-prey systems (4) the importance of propagule transport and recruitment vanat~onto adult populations (5) the impacts of physlcal d~sturbanceand (6)the generation and main- tenance of specles diversity on ecological t~rnescales We acknowledge the importance -
Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes
Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes Shichao Chen1., Dong-Kap Kim2., Mark W. Chase3, Joo-Hwan Kim4* 1 College of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 2 Division of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Gyeonggi- do, Korea, 3 Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom, 4 Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea Abstract Phylogenetic analysis aims to produce a bifurcating tree, which disregards conflicting signals and displays only those that are present in a large proportion of the data. However, any character (or tree) conflict in a dataset allows the exploration of support for various evolutionary hypotheses. Although data-display network approaches exist, biologists cannot easily and routinely use them to compute rooted phylogenetic networks on real datasets containing hundreds of taxa. Here, we constructed an original neighbour-net for a large dataset of Asparagales to highlight the aspects of the resulting network that will be important for interpreting phylogeny. The analyses were largely conducted with new data collected for the same loci as in previous studies, but from different species accessions and greater sampling in many cases than in published analyses. The network tree summarised the majority data pattern in the characters of plastid sequences before tree building, which largely confirmed the currently recognised phylogenetic relationships. Most conflicting signals are at the base of each group along the Asparagales backbone, which helps us to establish the expectancy and advance our understanding of some difficult taxa relationships and their phylogeny. -
Geographic Drivers of Diversification in Loliginid Squids with an Emphasis on the Western Atlantic Species
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.20.211896; this version posted July 21, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Original Article Geographic drivers of diversification in loliginid squids with an emphasis on the western Atlantic species Gabrielle Genty1*, Carlos J Pardo-De la Hoz1,2*, Paola Montoya1,3, Elena A. Ritschard1,4* 1Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C, Colombia. 2Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States of America 3Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia 4Department of Neuroscience and Developmental Biology, University of Vienna, Austria * These authors contributed equally to this work. Correspondence author: Gabrielle Genty, [email protected] Acknowledgements We would like to thank Daniel Cadena and Andrew J. Crawford for their suggestions and guidance during the early stages of this investigation. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.20.211896; this version posted July 21, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 2 ABSTRACT Aim: Identifying the mechanisms driving divergence in marine organisms is challenging as opportunities for allopatric isolation are less conspicuous than in terrestrial ecosystems. -
The Gene and the Theory of Living Structures. R
990 NATURE (DECEMBER 12, 1931 The Evidence of Palceontology with Regard to Evolution. DISCUSSION on the extent and value of the make it possible to find series of specimens show A contribution which the study of fossils can ing progressive changes in definite directions. The make to the study of organic evolution took place more abundant the specimens, the more completely on Sept. 25 at a meeting of Section C (Geology) of may the seriation be demonstrated. In this way the British Association. Even if it is agreed that the palreontologist has been able to indicate certain palreontology is as incapable of providing a direct series of invertebrate fossils which, in some cases, proof of evolution as is neontology, it must be may accord closely to lineages or lines of evolution. admitted that palreontology reveals a whole series The number of well-established lines among inverte of facts which are correlated by that principle but brates (such as those of Zaphrentis delanouei and are at present otherwise unexplained. It is generally of the Chalk Micrasters) is admittedly small, for agreed that the evidence of palreontology supple it is becoming increasingly clear that many so-called ments that of neontology. Many palreontologists, lineages are only approximations to lines of evolu however, would claim more than this for their tion, but there is abundant evidence of progressive subject ; Prof. H. L. Hawkins emphasised that changes by almost imperceptible gradations. palreontologists see the problems of evolution in Many students of invertebrate fossils have paid three dimensions, perhaps rather dimly, but claimed great attention to the development of the skeleton that a more satisfactory impression can be obtained during the life history of the individual. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene Ndhf Thomas J
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 22 | Issue 1 Article 4 2006 Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF Thomas J. Givnish University of Wisconsin-Madison J. Chris Pires University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Missouri Sean W. Graham University of British Columbia Marc A. McPherson University of Alberta; Duke University Linda M. Prince Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gardens See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Givnish, Thomas J.; Pires, J. Chris; Graham, Sean W.; McPherson, Marc A.; Prince, Linda M.; Patterson, Thomas B.; Rai, Hardeep S.; Roalson, Eric H.; Evans, Timothy M.; Hahn, William J.; Millam, Kendra C.; Meerow, Alan W.; Molvray, Mia; Kores, Paul J.; O'Brien, Heath W.; Hall, Jocelyn C.; Kress, W. John; and Sytsma, Kenneth J. (2006) "Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 22: Iss. 1, Article 4. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/4 Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF Authors Thomas J. Givnish, J. Chris Pires, Sean W. Graham, Marc A. McPherson, Linda M. Prince, Thomas B. Patterson, Hardeep S. Rai, Eric H. Roalson, Timothy M. Evans, William J. Hahn, Kendra C. Millam, Alan W. Meerow, Mia Molvray, Paul J. Kores, Heath W. O'Brien, Jocelyn C. Hall, W. John Kress, and Kenneth J. Sytsma This article is available in Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/ 4 Aliso 22, pp.