Supplemental Visual Resource Evaluation Report
Wind Colebrook South
Wind Colebrook South 17 and 29 Flagg Hill Road Colebrook, Connecticut
Prepared for
Prepared by VHB/Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 54 Tuttle Place Middletown, Connecticut 06457
March 2011 VHB Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc.
Visual Resource Evaluation
BNE Energy Inc. (“BNE”) seeks to construct a wind generation project (“Wind Colebrook South” or the “Project”) at 17 and 29 Flagg Hill Road (collectively identified herein as the “Property” or “Site”) in the Town of Colebrook, Connecticut. This Supplemental Visual Resource Evaluation was completed to evaluate the potential visibility of the Project within a five-mile radius of the proposed Property (“Study Area”), incorporating recent Project design modifications. The Study Area also includes land located within the neighboring municipalities of Norfolk, Goshen, and Winchester. Figure 1 (Property Location Map) depicts the proposed location of the Project and the limits of the Study Area.
Project Introduction
BNE proposes to install three General Electric (“GE”) 1.6 megawatt (“MW”) wind turbines at the Property, one each in the south-central, northeast and northwest portions of the Property, respectively. The hub height of the GE turbines would be 100 meters (328 feet). The blade diameter of the GE turbines would be 82.5 meters (270.6 feet). Aviation lighting in the form of an upward-facing, low intensity red strobe would be required for illumination at night on the hub of each of the turbines. In addition to the three turbines, Wind Colebrook South would include associated ground equipment consisting of an electrical collector yard and associated utility infrastructure so that the turbines can be interconnected to the electrical grid. The turbines would be located at ground elevations of approximately 1,446, 1,450 and 1,452 feet Above Mean Sea Level (“AMSL”), respectively.
Site Description and Setting
Identified in the Town of Colebrook land records as Map 1, Lot 6 (29 Flagg Hill Road) and Map 1, Lot 6-1 (17 Flagg Hill Road), the Property consists of 79.44 acres of undeveloped land. The Property is abutted to the west by wooded, undeveloped land owned by the Nature Conservancy and to the north by wooded land maintained by the Northwestern Connecticut Sportsmen’s Association. Flagg Hill Road abuts the Property to the east. A private residence and additional undeveloped woodlands bound the Property to the south. Land use within the vicinity of the Property is comprised of sparse residential development.
The topography within the Study Area is generally characterized by gently rolling to steep hills with ground elevations that range from approximately 613 feet AMSL to approximately 1760 feet AMSL. The tree cover within the Study Area consists mainly of mixed deciduous hardwood species, with some stands of intermixed conifers, that occupy approximately 43,494 acres of the 52,560 -acre study area (83%). The average tree canopy height throughout the Study Area was conservatively estimated to be approximately 65 feet.
METHODOLOGY
To evaluate the visibility associated with the proposed Project, VHB used a predictive computer model that provides an assessment of potential visibility throughout the entire Study Area. A description of the procedures used in the analysis is provided below.
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VHB uses ArcGIS® Spatial Analyst, a computer modeling tool developed by Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., to calculate the areas from which at least the tops of the turbines (hub height) and the blades, respectively, are estimated to be visible. Project- and Study Area-specific data were incorporated into the computer model, including turbine and blade heights, turbine locations and ground elevations, underlying and surrounding topography anticipated Project clearing limits, and existing vegetation. Information used in the model included Connecticut LiDAR1-based digital elevation data and model and a digital forest (or tree canopy) layer developed for the Study Area. The LiDAR-based Digital Elevation Model (DEM) represents ten-foot spatial resolution elevation information for the state of Connecticut that was derived through the spatial interpolation of airborne LiDAR- based data collected in the year 2000 and has a horizontal resolution of ten (10) feet. The data was edited in 2007 and made available by the University of Connecticut through its Center for Land Use Education and Research (CLEAR). To create the forest layer, mature trees and woodland areas depicted on aerial photographs (ranging in dates from 2004 to 2008) were manually digitized (hand traced) in ArcGIS®, creating a geographic data layer for inclusion in the computer model. The black and white, digital aerial photographs, obtained from the Connecticut Department of Transportation, were flown in the spring of 2004 and selected for use in this analysis because of their image quality and depiction of pre-leaf emergence (i.e., “leaf-off”) conditions. These photographs are half-foot pixel resolution. The more recent aerial photographs (2006 and 2008) were overlaid and evaluated to identify any new development resulting in the removal of trees.
Once the specific data layers were entered, the ArcGIS® Spatial Analyst Viewshed tool was applied to achieve an estimate of locations where the Project could be visible. First, only topography was used as a possible visual constraint; the tree canopy was omitted to evaluate potential visibility with no intervening vegetative screening. The initial omission of this data layer resulted in an excessively conservative prediction, but it provided an opportunity to identify areas within potential direct lines of sight of the Project.
The average tree canopy height within the Study Area, in this case 65 feet, was determined based on information collected in the field using a combination of a hand-held laser range finder, clinometer and comparative observations. The 65-foot forest data layer was then merged with the DEM to establish intervening vegetation with a height of 65 feet added to the base elevation, and the viewshed model recalculated within the Study Area.
As a final step, the forested areas were extracted from the areas of potential visibility, using a conservative assumption that a person standing within the forest will not be able to view the Project beyond a distance of approximately 500 feet. Depending on the density of the intervening tree canopy and understory of the surrounding woodlands, it is assumed that some locations within this distance could provide visibility of at least portions of the Project at any time of the year. In “leaf-on” conditions, this distance may be overly conservative for most locations. However, for purposes of this analysis, it was reasoned that forested land beyond 500 feet of the Project would consist of light-impenetrable trees of a uniform height.
1 LiDAR is an acronym for Light Detection and Ranging. It is a technology that utilized lasers to determine the distance to an object or surface. LiDAR is similar to radar, but incorporates laser pulses rather than sound waves. It measures the time delay between transmission and reflection of the laser pulse.
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Visibility varies seasonally, primarily with increased views occurring through the leafless trees and understory. During “leaf-off” conditions, mast or pole timber and branching provide the majority of screening. Because each site has distinctive forest characteristics, modeling for seasonal variations of visibility becomes problematic. In our experience, even when incorporating conservative constraints into the model, the results over predict seasonal visibility. Because each Study Area includes mature vegetation with unique and variable tree spacing, dimensions and branching patterns, creating a realistic, Study Area-specific “leaf- off” tree density data layer is not possible. Eliminating the tree canopy altogether, as performed in our initial analysis described above, exaggerates areas of visibility because it assumes unobstructed sight lines from numerous areas. For example, some locations at similar ground elevation as that of the Project and separated from the project site by 500 or more feet of intervening forest or woodland vegetation, could likely be obstructed by the combined mass of variable tree trunk and limb patterns. To provide an estimate of seasonal visibility through the trees, the forest data layer was manipulated to eliminate a 500-foot wide perimeter of vegetation. Using this approach, potential seasonal visibility could occur from some (but not all) locations within this presumed leafless corridor.
Also included on the viewshed mapping is a data layer, obtained from the State of Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (“CTDEP”), which depicts various land and water resources such as parks and forests, recreational facilities, dedicated open space, schools and other categories. Lastly, based on a review of published information, it was determined that portions of two State-designated scenic roadways are present within the Study Area, including Route 183 to the northeast in Colebrook and Route 272 to the west in Norfolk. A portion of Winchester Road in Norfolk is designated as a local scenic road. No additional locally-designated scenic roads are located in the Study Area.
This analysis assumes the installation of three turbines at heights of 100 meters (463+ feet) with blade lengths of 41.25 meters (135+ feet). Three viewshed maps were created for purposes of analyzing the potential visibility of the Project and are included as attachments to this report, including:
• Figure 2 (Year-Round Visibility) depicts the potential year-round (leaf-on) visibility of the Project, including separate estimates of both the turbine hub heights (100 meters/328 feet) and combined turbine and blade apex heights of 141.25 meters (463+ feet), based on a 82.5-meter blade rotor diameter (41.25 meters/135+ feet in length), within the Study Area; • Figure 3 (Hub Height Visibility) depicts the potential year-round (leaf-on) and seasonal (leaf-off) visibility of the turbine hub heights within the Study Area; and, • Figure 4 (Visibility within One Mile) depicts the potential year-round visibility of the turbine hub and hub plus blade apex heights, and the seasonal visibility of the hub height, within one (1) mile of the Property.
Photographic Simulations
Photographic simulations were generated at select locations where the Project could be visible. The photographic simulations portray a scaled rendering of the Project from representative locations within the Study Area. Using field data, site plan information and 3-
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dimension (3D) modeling software, a spatially referenced model of the site area was generated. At each location, information was collected including the geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) of the camera’s position, angle of camera view, height of camera, weather and time of day, and logged using a combination of Trimble and Mobile GIS (ArcPad) field equipment utilizing global positioning system [GPS] technology. The photographs used in the simulations are depicted on the attached Figures 1 and 3 and were obtained from the following areas:
View 1: U.S. Route 44 Adjacent to the Northwestern Connecticut Sportsmen’s Association property (Colebrook) View 2: U.S Route 44 (Colebrook) View 3: Adjacent to #42 Stillman Hill Road (Colebrook) View 4: Old Colebrook Road (Colebrook) View 5: Lookout Tower at Haystack Mountain (Norfolk) View 6: Lookout Tower at Soldiers’ Memorial Park (Winsted)
Photographs were taken with a Nikon D-80 digital camera body and Nikon 18 to 135 millimeter (“mm”) zoom lens2. For views 1, 3 and 5, the lens was set to 50mm. The photographs taken to produce the simulations provided in views 2 and 4 were created using a 24mm focal length in order to provide a greater depth of field for presentation in this report. Note that when using a digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera, the image is captured on a digital sensor, as opposed to 35 mm film when using a traditional single lens reflex camera. The digital sensors in DSLR cameras are physically smaller than that of 35mm film, resulting in what is virtually a 'cropped' image. 35mm film captures a wider field of view. In order to compensate for that loss, VHB selectively uses focal lengths less than 50 mm resulting in wider fields of view.
Preparation of the photographic simulations began with the creation of a spatially-referenced 3D computer model of the proposed project area which includes the proposed turbines, surrounding land formations, and any structures that assist in linking the project photography with the 3D computer model such as existing telephone/electric distribution poles, communication towers and/or existing buildings/homes in cases where their global position can be verified. As one example, in view 5, an existing telecommunications facility (the Winchester “monopine”) is visible and was used to further ensure accuracy of the simulation. The information recorded by the photographer was used to set up a virtual camera within the 3D computer model replicating the exact position of the camera when in
2 Focal lengths ranging from 17mm to 50mm can approximate views similar to that achieved from the unaided human eye. Two key factors to consider when determining what specific focal length to use to best represent “real world” conditions is field of view and relation of sizes between objects in the frame. A 17mm focal length has a wider field of view, which is more representative of the overall extent (including peripheral vision) that the human eye typically sees. At this focal length, relation of sizes between objects is skewed and not entirely accurate to what the human eye experiences. A 50mm focal length has a narrower field of view than that of the human eye; however, the relation of sizes between objects is more representative to that of what the human eye perceives. When producing photographic simulations, VHB has chosen to use a 50mm focal length whenever possible. For presentation purposes, such as in this report, the photographs are produced and viewed in an approximate 6.5”by 9.5” format. VHB has determined that when viewing a proposed facility at this format size, it is important to provide the largest representational image while maintaining an accurate relation of sizes between objects within the frame of the photograph. However, in some instances (such as when close to a proposed structure), a 50mm focal length does not allow sufficient image space to capture a proposed structure and its surroundings. In those instances, a focal length of 24mm is used to provide the viewer with an accurate representation of a proposed structure within its surrounding environment.
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the field. Photo simulations were then created using a combination of renderings generated in the 3D model and photo rendering software programs. As a final step, the accuracy and scale of the simulation is tested against photographs of existing wind turbines with recorded camera position, focal lengths, photographic locations, and site locations.
Please note that the photographs/simulations where the Project is either not visible or partially obstructed by intervening topography and/or trees include additional information, presented in green outline. Specifically, a green outline of the proposed turbines and a green line representing the intervening topography (that would otherwise break the viewer’s line of sight were it to be visible from that spot) are provided to depict the approximate turbine positions (to scale) from each of the photograph locations.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this analysis indicate that a total of 254+ acres within the Study Area would have some visibility of the turbine hub above the tree canopy year-round (that is, during “leaf-on” conditions). This represents less than one-half of one percent of the 52,560-acre Study Area. At its apex, the blade(s) may be visible above the tree canopy from approximately 457 acres (less than one percent of the Study Area). The majority of potential year-round views of the turbine hub would occur on the Property and its immediate environs, including portions of the adjacent rod and gun club (to the north) and Nature Conservancy (westward) properties; as well as select locations along Route 44 within approximately two miles of the Project; higher elevations to the north; and, Lake Winchester and higher elevations to the south. Views would be limited westward beyond the adjacent Nature Conservancy woodlands due to the presence of significant ridgelines. Similar conditions exist to the east.
We estimate approximately 163 residential properties located within the Study Area could have at least partial views of the Project’s turbine(s) hub(s) during “leaf-on” conditions. This total includes approximately 35 residential properties within one mile of the Property. An additional 16+ residential properties within one mile could have views of the blade(s) at its apex above the trees.
We estimate that approximately 1,255 acres (representing less than 2.5% of the Study Area) have the potential to offer some views of the turbine hubs through the trees during “leaf-off” conditions. Most of the potential seasonal visibility (923 acres or 74%) occurs on and within approximately one mile of the Property. Approximately 45 residential properties within one mile of the Project site could have at least partial views of the turbine(s) hub(s) through the intervening trees during “leaf-off” conditions. It must be noted that the conservative methodology used to predict seasonal visibility represents an over-prediction of the total acreage that would likely encounter views once the Project is constructed. The results are based on the assumptions discussed previously and should be interpreted as representing gross areas where a potential exists for visibility through the trees during leaf-off conditions. That is, it may be possible to view the Project from within portions of the shaded areas indicating seasonal visibility, but not necessarily from all locations within those shaded areas.
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The table below presents an inventory of residential properties within one mile of the Property that have the potential for views of the Project.
Approx. Residential Properties3 With Approx. Residential Properties With Potential Leaf‐Off Height Potential Year‐Round Views Within 1‐ Views Within 1‐Mile By Street* Mile By Street 100‐Meter Hub Beckley Road 4 Beckley Road 4 Height Flagg Hill Road 8 Danbury Qtr. Road 4 Grant Station Road 2 Flagg Hill Road 6 Grantville Road 1 Grantville Road 2 Greenwoods Road East 3 Greenwoods Road East 4 Greenwoods Turnpike 4 Greenwoods Turnpike 4 Rock Hall Road 3 Marchone Road 1 Schoolhouse Road 1 Norfolk Road 1 Skinner Road 2 Pinney Street 3 Winsted‐Norfolk Road 7 Schoolhouse Road 1 Skinner Road 6 Tim O’Connor Road 1 Winsted‐Norfolk Road 8 TOTAL: 35 TOTAL: 45* 100‐Meter Hub Beckley Road 2 Height Plus Grantville Road 2 41.25‐Meter Greenwoods Road East 1 Blade Height Greenwoods Turnpike 3 Pinney Street 1 Schoolhouse Road 1 Skinner Road 1 Tim O’Connor Road 1 Winsted‐Norfolk Road 4 TOTAL: 16*
* Denotes residential properties in addition to those with potential year-round views of 100-meter hub height.
3 It is important to note that some of those properties identified as “residential” may be: occupied by either commercial or recreational structures; agricultural land; and/or, forested tracts with some clearing(s).
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The table below summarizes the amount of residential properties within the remainder of the Study Area that could have at least partial views of the Project.
Approx. Residential Properties With Potential Height Year‐Round Views Within The Study Area 100‐Meter Hub Height 0 to 1 Mile 35 1 to 2 Miles 35 2 to 3 Miles 45 3 to 4 Miles 18 4 to 5 Miles 30 TOTAL: 163
Views would be limited westward beyond the adjacent Nature Conservancy woodlands due to the presence of significant ridgelines. Similar conditions exist to the east. Two state-scenic roads exist within the Study Area including portions of Route 183 in Colebrook and Route 272 in Norfolk. No views are anticipated from these areas. Winchester Road in Norfolk is designated as a local scenic road; brief views may be achieved from an open height of land along this road approximately 2 miles southwest of the Project. Similarly, Winchester Road in Winchester (Winsted) is also designated as a local scenic road; no views are anticipated from this roadway. Haystack Mountain State Park, located approximately four miles to the northwest includes several hiking trails and an observation tower. No views are anticipated from the trail system on Haystack Mountain; however, views of the turbines would be achieved from the observation tower lookout (see View 5). Dennis Hill State Park, located approximately 2.5 mile southwest of the Property Trail, has a system of hiking trails; no views of the Project are anticipated from this area.
The Project requires aviation lighting that would be mounted to the top of the turbine hubs at 100 meters. An upward facing red strobe would be activated during nighttime hours only. It stands to reason that those areas where the turbine hub(s) can be seen would also offer views of the strobe at night.
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Attachments
Figure 1 Property Location Map, Photographic Simulations, and Figure 2, 3, 4 Viewshed Maps
\\ctmiddat\projects\41604.00\graphics\FIGURES\Wind Colebrook Supporting Graphics\Colebrook_South\revised_Viewshed_Maps\Figure1.pdf
5-Mile Radius
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E Legend Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. Â Proposed Wind Turbine Location Figure 1 Property Location Map ! Photo Locations Property Boundary Wind Colebrook South 5-Mile Study Area BNE Energy, Inc. 17 & 29 Flagg Hill Road 1 0.5 0 1 Quadrangle Location Miles Colebrook, Connecticut ctmiddat\41604.01\graphics\FIGURES\41604.00_Photosim.indd VIEW 1 U.S. ROUTE44ADJACENT TOTHENORTHWESTERNCONNECTICUT SPORTSMEN’SASSOCIATIONPROPERTY (24mm focallength) DESCRIPTION COLEBROOK CITY/TOWN PHOTOGRAPHIC SIMULATION ORIENTATION SOUTH DISTANCE TOSITEAREA 0.69 MILE+/- ctmiddat\41604.01\graphics\FIGURES\41604.00_Photosim.indd and interveiningtopographythatwouldbreak theviewer’s lineofsight Non-Visible: Green outlinesrepresent approximate locationoftheturbines VIEW 2 U.S. ROUTE44(50mm focallength) DESCRIPTION COLEBROOK CITY/TOWN PHOTOGRAPHIC SIMULATION ORIENTATION WEST DISTANCE TOSITEAREA 1.08 MILES+/- ctmiddat\41604.01\graphics\FIGURES\41604.00_Photosim.indd Seasonal Visibility VIEW 3 ADJACENT TO#42STILLMANHILLROAD (24mmfocallength) DESCRIPTION COLEBROOK CITY/TOWN PHOTOGRAPHIC SIMULATION ORIENTATION SOUTHWEST DISTANCE TOSITEAREA 2.26 MILES+/- ctmiddat\41604.01\graphics\FIGURES\41604.00_Photosim.indd and interveiningtopographythatwouldbreak theviewer’s lineofsight Seasonal Visibility: Green outlinesrepresent approximate locationoftheturbines VIEW 4 OLD COLEBROOKROAD (50mmfocallength) DESCRIPTION COLEBROOK CITY/TOWN PHOTOGRAPHIC SIMULATION ORIENTATION SOUTHWEST DISTANCE TOSITEAREA 2.70 MILES+/- ctmiddat\41604.01\graphics\FIGURES\41604.00_Photosim.indd VIEW 5 LOOKOUT TOWERAT HAYSTACKMOUNTAIN(24mmfocallength) DESCRIPTION CITY/TOWN NORFOLK PHOTOGRAPHIC SIMULATION ORIENTATION SOUTHEAST DISTANCE TOSITEAREA 4.20 MILES+/- ctmiddat\41604.01\graphics\FIGURES\41604.00_Photosim.indd VIEW 6 LOOKOUT TOWERAT SOLDIERS’MEMORIALPARK(50mm DESCRIPTION Winchester Monopine focal length) CITY/TOWN WINSTED PHOTOGRAPHIC SIMULATION ORIENTATION NORTHWEST DISTANCE TOSITEAREA 4.72 MILES+/- \\ctmiddat\projects\41604.00\graphics\figures\Wind_Colebrook_South_Preliminary_Viewshed_Map_100m.pdf
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l o (easement) B l S e b r o o k C o R Tunxis State Forest l i e v b e W r r o R R h o Camp Jewell Outdoor d i k Canaan i t Colebrook v i Center (YMCA Of #*# R e n N The Nature d River Country g o Hartford, Inc. t r rt Club h li Conservancy Girdler Lake S S Doo ttle r t Property (easement) e ake Br t L oo n k The Nature Conservancy R e ill C PHELPS FARMS ch H d North Canaan Grigg Property ee *# HISTORIC B # (easement) Reverted Doolittle DISTRICT Lake #*# Phelps Flat Rd S Canaan R #*# a Iron Furnace Pond d #*# n 44 N #*# d ¤£ o y r U fo B S lk r R o H d o Tunxis Forest Trail w k
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S M ta Wampee te e H Pond a Town Park (Main w Bear d y Isabelle M. Elliot Bronson Trail 6 Swamp o Street) Pearson 3 w Soldiers NOTES: Housatonic State Forest W i n c h e s t e r American Legion Forest Trail Pond B School Hollenbeck Pond Memorial#*# R Walt Landgraf Trail - Viewshed analysis conducted using ESRI's Spatial Analyst. r #*# iv o Monument Turkey Vultures Ledges Trail e o Holland r - Proposed Wind Turbine Hub Height: 100 meters. k Lake #*# East End R Beach Main St Park d - Proposed Wind Turbine Hub and Blade Height: 141.25 meters. Winchester WEST END - Existing tree canopy height estimated at approximately 20 meters COMMERCIAL Walker Field Barkhamsted - Study Area is comprised of a five-mile radius surrounding DISTRICT
y t Hw 263 Resha te S the proposed Wind Turbine locations. ta S Beach y Northwestern e Batchelor l Regional High 318 w «¬ o School-District #7 DATA SOURCES: S School Barkhamsted R Lake u Elementary - Digital elevation model (DEM) derived from Connecticut LiDAR-based 263 c Mcdonough North k «¬ School Digital Elevation Data (collected in 2000) with a 10-foot spatial resolution e Pond r Stanclift Cove B 8 n produced by the University of Connecticut and the Center for Land Use r (MDC owned, o y a k w g o Education and Research (CLEAR); 2007 S o r leased By Town) H o k o w r Housatonic State Forest e t - Forest areas derived from 2008 digital orthophotos with 1-meter John A. a R t M B m a Minetto il t S p e W S d pixel resolution; digitized by VHB, 2010 y e y r Ashle B s d G o s h e n State Park y R w o 44 G o s h e n t f d r R R d H g £ - Shaded Relief base map derived from Digital Elevation Data. o ¤ n n l n o i o a The Gilette Reservoir k t i r - Municipal and Private Open Space data layer provided by CT DEP, 1997 r r g Winchester o o Village H n a i T - CT DEP State Forest/Park data layer provided by CT DEP, April 2010 Platt Hill Park Trail r m r Center r t e o B M - National Register of Historic Places and Scenic Highway data provided by Playground T r y y o e
o Heritage Consultants, LLC. Scenic Local Road obtained from the Town. c k Highland r 183 a «¬ T o r r i n g t o n Lake D Map Compiled March, 2011 Burr H s s Camp Ouleout Pond e (YMCA) m West Hill State Park a Burr Pond Park Path J Pond New Hartford Legend  Proposed Wind Turbine Location Wind Turbine 100 Meter Hub Height Year-Round Visibility (+/- 254 acres) 5-Mile Study Area Wind Turbine 141.25 Meter Hub and Blade Height Year-Round Visibility (+/- 457 acres) Figure 2 - Year-Round Visibility Housatonic State Forest Paugnut State Forest Property Boundary Municipal & Private Open Space E #*# National Register Listed Historic Site School Wind Colebrook South Viewshed Analysis 2 1 0 2 National Register Listed Historic District State Forest/Park BNE Energy, Inc. Miles Scenic Highway Open Water 17 & 29 Flagg Hill Road Scenic Local Road Town Line Colebrook, Connecticut Trails MASSACHUSETTS
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PHELPS FARMS HISTORIC North Canaan DISTRICT #*# #*# #*# #*# Beckley Furnace Park Path ¤£44 #*#
Tunxis Forest Trail Haystack Park Trail ! 5 «¬183 C o l e b r o o k ¤£7 H a r t l a n d COLEBROOK CENTER HISTORIC Housatonic Forest Trail #*# DISTRICT #*##*# #*# NORFOLK #*# HISTORIC 8 DISTRICT «¬ #*# #*# #*##*# #*# #*# #*# *# «¬182 #*# # «¬182A # #*# #*# #* #*# #*# #*# 3 #*# #*# ! N o r f o l k 4 #*# ! #*# #*# 1 ! #*# #*##*# #*# #*# «¬20 #*# Peoples Forest Trail   2  ! 272 C a n a a n «¬
Winchester Rd
Dennis Hill Park Trail #*# Jesse Gerard Trail ¤£44 «¬181
Charles L Pack Trail Whittemore Glen Trail
American Legion Forest Trail
Henry R Buck Trail Robert Ross Trail «¬63 Agnes Bowen Trail
Elliot Bronson Trail NOTES: W i n c h e s t e r 6 - Viewshed analysis conducted using ESRI's Spatial Analyst. *# #*#! Walt Landgraf Trail # Turkey Vultures Ledges Trail - Proposed Wind Turbine Hub Height: 100 meters. #*# WEST END - Proposed Wind Turbine Hub and Blade Height: 141.25 meters. COMMERCIAL - Existing tree canopy height estimated at approximately 20 meters DISTRICT Barkhamsted - Study Area is comprised of a five-mile radius surrounding the proposed Wind Turbine locations. 318 DATA SOURCES: «¬ - Digital elevation model (DEM) derived from Connecticut LiDAR-based 263 Digital Elevation Data (collected in 2000) with a 10-foot spatial resolution «¬ produced by the University of Connecticut and the Center for Land Use Education and Research (CLEAR); 2007 - Forest areas derived from 2008 digital orthophotos with 1-meter pixel resolution; digitized by VHB, 2010 44 - National Geographic Topographic base map provided by ESRI's G o s h e n ¤£ online mapping resources. - National Register of Historic Places and Scenic Highway data provided by Platt Hill Park Trail Heritage Consultants, LLC. Scenic Local Roads obtained from the Town. 183 Map Compiled March, 2011 «¬ T o r r i n g t o n Burr Pond Park Path New Hartford
Legend  Proposed Wind Turbine Location Wind Turbine 100 Meter Hub Height Year-Round Visibility (+/- 254 acres) Figure 3 - Hub Height Visibility ! Photo Locations Wind Turbine 100 Meter Hub Height Seasonal Visibility (+/- 1,327 acres) Wind Colebrook South Viewshed Analysis E 5-Mile Study Area Scenic Highway 2 1 0 2 Site Property Boundary Scenic Local Road BNE Energy, Inc. Miles #*# National Register Listed Historic Site Trails 17 & 29 Flagg Hill Road National Register Listed Historic District Town Line Colebrook, Connecticut «¬182
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Legend Figure 4 - Visibility Within One Mile  Proposed Wind Turbine Location Wind Turbine 100 Meter Hub Height Year-Round Visibility (+/- 103 acres) 0.3 0.15 0 0.3 Wind Colebrook South Viewshed Analysis Miles 1-Mile Radius from Wind Turbines Wind Turbine 141.25 Meter Hub and Blade Height Year-Round Visibility (+/-158 acres) E 0.5 0.25 0 0.5 Property Boundary Wind Turbine 100 Meter Hub Height Seasonal Visibility (+/- 965 acres) BNE Energy, Inc. Miles Town Boundary 17 & 29 Flagg Hill Road Colebrook, Connecticut