Veggie Plant List
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Brassica Rapa Domestication: Untangling Wild and Feral Forms and Convergence of Crop Morphotypes Alex C
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.05.438488; this version posted April 6, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Brassica rapa domestication: untangling wild and feral forms and convergence of crop morphotypes Alex C. McAlvay, Aaron P. Ragsdale, Makenzie E. Mabry, Xinshuai Qi, Kevin A. Bird, Pablo Velasco, Hong An, J. Chris Pires, Eve Emshwiller Abstract The study of domestication contributes to our knowledge of evolution and crop genetic resources. Human selection has shaped wild Brassica rapa into diverse turnip, leafy, and oilseed crops. Despite its worldwide economic importance and potential as a model for understanding diversification under domestication, insights into the number of domestication events and initial crop(s) domesticated in B. rapa have been limited due to a lack of clarity about the wild or feral status of conspecific non-crop relatives. To address this gap and reconstruct the domestication history of B. rapa, we analyzed 68,468 genotyping-by-sequencing-derived SNPs for 416 samples in the largest diversity panel of domesticated and weedy B. rapa to date. To further understand the center of origin, we modeled the potential range of wild B. rapa during the mid-Holocene. Our analyses of genetic diversity across B. rapa morphotypes suggest that non-crop samples from the Caucasus, Siberia, and Italy may be truly wild, while those occurring in the Americas and much of Europe are feral. -
Cardoon, Cynara Cardunculus There Are Many Plants That Are Used As Annuals in Northern Climates, Either for Their fl Owers Or Foliage
A Horticulture Information article from the Wisconsin Master Gardener website, posted 27 June 2014 Cardoon, Cynara cardunculus There are many plants that are used as annuals in northern climates, either for their fl owers or foliage. Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus), a close relative of artichoke (Cynara scolymus, although some taxonomists have considered them just varieties of the species cardunculus and they will form hybrids), is a great addition to the garden for making a dramatic statement with its large, spiny, silvery foliage and sometimes for the globe- like, violet-topped fl owers. This sculptural plant received the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. It could be considered an ornamental edible as the blanched stems can be eaten, although doing so would ruin the appearance of the plant. Cardoon, with an artichoke-like fl avor, was popular in ancient Greek, The spiny, silvery foliage of cardoon Roman, and Persian makes a dramatic statement in the garden. cuisine, and through the medieval and early modern periods in Europe, as well as in colonial America. Cardoon is still cultivated for food in southern Europe and northwestern Africa. This fast-growing herbaceous perennial in the aster family (Asteraceae) is native to the western and central Mediterranean where it was domesticated in ancient times. It is hardy only in zones 7-10, so is treated as an annual in colder climates. In some mild climates, including Argentina, Chile, Australia and California, it has become naturalized and is considered Cardoon has received the Royal Horticultural a weed. Society’s Award of Garden Merit. The fi rst year the plant produces an enormous single urn-shaped rosette. -
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LCTRONICLCTRONIC CATALOGCATALOG Hanging Basket Cucumbers CU20‐20 ‐ Bush Crop Cucumbers CU79‐20 ‐ Mexican Sour Gherkin Cucumbers 55 days. Cucumis sativus. (F1) This early 75 days. Melothria scabra. Open Pollinated. maturing compact bush plant produces high The plant produces heavy yields of 1 to 2" yields of 6 to 8" green cucumbers. They are long cucumbers that look like miniature crisp, tender, and flavorful. Excellent in watermelons. They have the sweet salads or for making dills or fancy sweet cucumber flavor, followed by a surprising pickles. Bush cucumbers produce very nice sourness, which leads you to believe they straight cucumbers. It grows very short are already pickled! Great for Perfect for vines, only 1 to 2 feet long, and is one of the salads, snacks, and pickling. They fall off best varieties for container gardens and the vines when ripe. This cucumber grows small gardens. An excellent choice for home best if grown on trellis or stakes. The most gardens. Disease Resistant: Ccu. cold‐tolerant of all cucumbers and will continue to produce until the first frost. Perfect for container gardening, hanging baskets, or small gardens where space is very limited!. Also known as the Cucamelon and Mouse Melon. An heirloom from Mexico and Central America. CU98‐10 ‐ Salad Bush Cucumbers CU23‐20 ‐ Spacemaster 80 Cucumbers 1988 All‐America Selections Winner! 60 days. Cucumis sativus. Open Pollinated. Compact bush type plant produces heavy 57 days. Cucumis sativus. (F1) This early yields of 7 to 8" long nicely shaped dark maturing compact bushy plant produces green cucumbers. Great for pickling when good yields of 8” long by 2 ¼” wide glossy small, and slicing when they get bigger. -
Cardoon—Cynara Cardunculus L.1 James M
HS574 Cardoon—Cynara cardunculus L.1 James M. Stephens2 Cardoon is similar to the globe artichoke. With cardoon the young tender leaves and undeveloped tender flower stalks are eaten rather than the flower bud. The thistle-like cardoon plant grows to a height of 3–5 feet and spreads over an area 6 feet in diameter. Culture Florida summers are rather warm for cardoon to grow properly; therefore, it should be started in the fall or winter so that it develops in the cooler months. Freezing temperatures below 28°F may kill the aboveground parts of tender nonacclimatized cardoon. It has withstood 18°F at Gainesville. Figure 1. Cardoon plant Credits: James M. Stephens Propagation is by seeds, suckers, or root division. In addition to a proper climate, cardoon requires a rich soil or abundant fertilizer and plenty of water. Blanching of the stalks before harvest is desired. This is accomplished by tying up the outer branches a foot or so from the top of the plant and piling soil up around the plant as it grows. Use There are several uses for cardoon. The most popular way to prepare it is to cook the leaves and tender stalks together. Cardoon may also be eaten fresh and uncooked in salads. Some say it has gentle laxative properties. 1. This document is HS574, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date May 1994. Revised September 2015. Reviewed October 2018. Visit the EDIS website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu. 2. James M. Stephens, professor emeritus, Horticultural Sciences Department,; UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL 32611. -
Vegetable Notes for Vegetable Farmers in Massachusetts
University of Massachusetts Extension Vegetable Notes For Vegetable Farmers in Massachusetts Volume 20, Number 3 , 2009 IN THIS ISSUE: COLD-HARDY GREENS PROJECT – SELECTING AND SAVING BRASSICA SEED Cold Hardy Greens: Selections & Seed Saving The UMass Cold-Hardy Greens Project is working with local Biocontrol for Mexican Bean Beetle farmers to select Brassica greens crops that are especially suited to Seedcorn Maggot & Wireworm thrive in cold climate New England. Of course, Brassica greens Cabbage & Onion Maggot in general are generally cold-hardy. We are working on variet- ies that have a strong ability to recover well from minimal winter New Publication: Using Organic Nutrient Sources protection (an unheated hoop house, heavy row cover with wire Upcoming Meetings hoops, or open field) and produce strong re-growth and marketable yield in early spring. This is a valuable harvest window for diversi- fied growers who need early spring revenue. Often, overwintered greens bolt rapidly and become unmarketable before spring-plant- ed crops are ready. The seed we are working with was first selected by farmers Brett Grosgahl (Even’star Farm, MD), Brian O’Hara (Tobacco Road Farm , CT) and Dan Pratt (Astarte Farm, MA) over many seasons to survive extended cold periods with minimal protection from winter conditions. UMass has planted this seed for three winters at our research farm in South Deerfield, MA. We have selected for cold-hardiness, late bolting and good spring regrowth. We have three species of cold-hardy greens including a mix of red and green mustard (Brassica juncea), a mustard tatsoi mix (‘MTM’) cross (Brassica rapa), and Siberian Kale (B. -
D3.2 PANACEA Roadmap
PANACEA. Non Food Crops For a EU Bioeconomy New strategies for the development and promotion of NFC in Europe D3.2 PANACEA Roadmap 1 PANACEA. Non Food Crops For a EU Bioeconomy New strategies for the development and promotion of NFC in Europe Deliverable Title: D3.2: PANACEA Roadmap Deliverable Lead: Imperial College London (ICL) Related Work package: WP3 Author(s): Calliope Panoutsou (ICL), Efthymia Alexopoulou (CRES) Contributor(s): Association de Coordination Technique Agricole,ARKEMA FRANCE; University of Bologna, CREA, LIETUVOS AGRARINIU IR MISKU MOKSLUCENTRAS; Michal Krzyzaniak; FCT-UNL; ACTA, INTIA, Spanish Co-ops; Wageningen University Communication level: PU Public Grant Agreement Number: 773501 Programme: Horizon 2020 Start date of Project: November 2017 Duration: 40 months Project coordinator: CRES 2 PANACEA. Non Food Crops For a EU Bioeconomy New strategies for the development and promotion of NFC in Europe Contents 1. PANACEA Roadmap ................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.1 Aim ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Approach ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Participatory approach .............................................................................................................................................. -
Plants and Environment Investigation Report
Plants and environment investigation report Spider establishment The Ministry for Primary Industries’ (MPI) Incursion Investigation prevented (Plants & Environment) and Plant Health Environment Laboratory Spiders found on bagged bulk mail at teams investigate and diagnose suspected exotic pests and NZ Post’s International Mail Centre diseases in the plant and environment sectors. Investigators near Auckland airport were identified as and scientists are based in Auckland and Christchurch. These the false widow spider Steatoda nobilis, teams provide field investigation, diagnostic testing and technical a species not present in New Zealand. expertise with regard to new pests and diseases affecting plants Although this species is not venomous, it and the environment. They also have surveillance and response can inflict a painful bite and is frequently functions and carry out research and development to support confused with the venomous black widow spider. A registered pest control surveillance and incursion response activities. operator visited the facility and found no more of the spiders but applied bendiocarb as a precautionary treatment. Auckland Tamaki campus. This (Guy, 2013). PLMVd was not recorded The mailbags were wrapped in plastic and information became available after the here before 2013 but a 2006 publication incinerated to mitigate any remaining find was posted on the Naturewatch recorded peach calico disease as a biosecurity risk. website. Little published information is “virus-like” disease, based on evidence available on -
Homegrown Chinese Vegetables for the Houston Area Emily Chen Dunbar
Homegrown Chinese Vegetables for the Houston Area Emily Chen Dunbar I love vegetables. As a child growing up in the countryside of Taiwan, I watched the rice farmers and their water buffaloes plow the fields. My brothers and I loved to chase each other up the narrow paths between the rice patties. After the farmer harvested the rice, the field became our playground. We would pick up pieces of dried clay and shape them into small square pieces to build an oven. We collected and burned dry hay to heat up the oven until the clay became red. While it heated, we would swipe some sweet potatoes from a nearby field and put them into the oven. After stomping down on the clay roof, the hot clay buried the potatoes and cooked them. After one hour we eager kids went back for the most delicious, baked sweet potatoes known to mankind. Even now, the sweet, earthy, hot flavors remain in my mind. I realized how much that I enjoyed eating and cooking on the day my husband pointed out that I scheduled my daily activities around shopping and cooking. Many Chinese people have this same trait. A typical meal for a Chinese housewife includes steamed rice with 3 dishes and a soup. One of the dishes would always be a stir-fried, green-leaf vegetable; another might be shredded meat with some kind of vegetable. Most soups also included vegetables. For Chinese people, vegetables are the major food source. I have grown Chinese vegetables in Houston for many years. I also often trade vegetables with my Chinese friends. -
Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Cultivated Artichoke, Madeira Cardoon and Artichoke‐Based Dietary Supplements
Food Research International 48 (2012) 712–724 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Food Research International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodres Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of cultivated artichoke, Madeira cardoon and artichoke‐based dietary supplements Sandra C. Gouveia, Paula C. Castilho ⁎ Centro de Química da Madeira, CCCEE, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, piso 0, 9000‐390 Funchal, Portugal article info abstract Article history: Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (artichoke) and Cynara cardunculus var. ferocissima (Madeira cardoon) are two Received 24 January 2012 Asteraceae plants used in Madeira Archipelago in diet and also for medicinal issues. The present work aimed to Accepted 23 May 2012 compare the phenolic composition and quantify the main compounds of these two plants and two artichoke- based dietary supplements (juice and dragées). The methanolic extract of the endemic plant cardoon was basi- Keywords: cally composed of caffeoylquinic acid isomers. The same compounds were observed in artichoke extract, where Cynara there was a larger number and variety of other phenolic compounds. Variations in qualitative and quantitative Antioxidant Hydroxycinnamates composition of the three artichoke based products were extensive, with only 3 components being common to Flavonoids all 3 products. Mono-O-diglycosilated flavonoids (luteolin, apigenin and quercetin) were found in the artichoke Phenolic composition products but not in Madeira cardoon. 1,3-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (cynarin), usually considered mainly responsi- HPLC–DAD–ESI/MSn ble for the biological properties of artichoke, was found in high amounts ranging in most samples but was not detected in the analyzed commercial dragées. The antioxidant assays results reflected the highly diversified com- position of the artichoke-based products, showing a high radical scavenger and reducing capacities, while the ex- tract from Madeira cardoon was a poor antioxidant. -
Globe Artichoke and Cardoon Could Manage Weeds in Sustainable, Eco-Friendly Way
Globe artichoke and cardoon could manage weeds in sustainable, eco-friendly way Crop rotation is gaining increasing research- and policy attention as an environmentally friendly way to manage weeds. In such rotations, crops are introduced that release chemicals into the environment known to inhibit weed 30 January 2020 germination or growth (so-called allelopathic crops). Previous studies have Issue 537 identified Cynara cardunculus L., a perennial thistle, including varieties of globe Subscribe to free artichoke and cardoon, as a potential allelopathic candidate. This study conducted weekly News Alert field experiments using three botanical varieties of C. cardunculus to evaluate their effect on weeds within an ecosystem. The results confirm that C. cardunculus has Source: Scavo, A., an allelopathic effect in monoculture, reducing the amount of weed seeds present Restuccia, A., Abbate, C. in soil. This paves the way for its inclusion in crop rotation as part of eco-friendly, And Mauromicale, G. sustainable weed-management strategies. (2019). Seeming field allelopathic activity of Weeds are one of the most significant pests in agroecosystems; they are Cynara cardunculus L. responsible for considerable economic losses and contribute to food insecurity. reduces the soil weed seed However, synthetic herbicides can result in harmful associated environmental impacts and bank. Agronomy for rising levels of resistance. Efforts to reduce the use of synthetic herbicides and replace them Sustainable Development, with more environmentally friendly, sustainable weed-management practices are central to 39, 41. much contemporary environmental and agricultural policy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1 3593-019-0580-4. In this context, allelopathic weed control has emerged as a particularly promising alternative. -
Hydroponic Production of Reduced-Potassium Swiss Chard and Spinach: a Feasible Agronomic Approach to Tailoring Vegetables for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
agronomy Article Hydroponic Production of Reduced-Potassium Swiss Chard and Spinach: A Feasible Agronomic Approach to Tailoring Vegetables for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Massimiliano D’Imperio , Francesco F. Montesano * , Massimiliano Renna , Angelo Parente, Antonio F. Logrieco and Francesco Serio * Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR–National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy; [email protected] (M.D.I.); [email protected] (M.R.); [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (A.F.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (F.F.M.); [email protected] (F.S.); Tel.: +39-080-5929-385 (F.F.M. & F.S.) Received: 15 September 2019; Accepted: 8 October 2019; Published: 11 October 2019 Abstract: Tailored foods are specifically suitable for target groups of people with particular nutritional needs. Although most research on tailored foods has been focused on increasing the nutrient content in plant tissues (biofortification), in populations with specific physiological conditions, it is recommended to reduce the uptake of specific nutrients in order to improve their health. People affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) must limit their consumption of vegetables because of the generally high potassium (K) content in the edible parts. This study aimed to define an appropriate production technique for two baby leaf vegetables, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), with reduced K tissue content, minimizing the negative effects on their crop performance and overall nutritional quality. Plants were grown in a hydroponic floating system. The K concentration in the nutrient solution (NS) was reduced from 200 mg/L (K200, the concentration usually used for growing baby leaf vegetables in hydroponic conditions) to 50 mg/L over the entire growing cycle (K50) or only during the seven days before harvest (K50-7d). -
Selected List of Vegetable Varieties for Gardeners in New York State
Selected List of Vegetable Varieties for Gardeners in New York State 2021 (Revised 11/20) Vegetable varieties listed in this report should be well adapted for New York State community, school and home gardens. It is recognized that varieties not listed here may be satisfactory or even perform better under certain conditions. We encourage gardens to rate the varieties at: vegvariety.cce.cornell.edu Visit our Vegetable Varieties for Gardeners in New York State website for detailed descriptions and some seed sources of more than 7,000 vegetable varieties including those listed in this report. Compare varieties, read ratings and reviews by fellow gardeners, and offer your own observations of which varieties perform best in your garden. Note: Future reports will be largely based on variety ratings from this site. vegvariety.cce.cornell.edu Cornell Garden-Based Learning Horticulture School of Integrative Plant Sciences Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853-0327 www.gardening.cornell.edu Selected List of Vegetable Varieties for Gardeners in NYS – A. Helmholdt – page 2 of 8 Key to Notation At least 4 NY gardeners’ ratings averaging # New varieties to this year’s list * >3.5 stars at: vegvariety.cce.cornell.edu Downy mildew resistant or A Alternaria stem resistant DM tolerant Tolerance to Bean Common Mosaic Powdery mildew resistant or BCMV PM Virus BV1 & NY15 tolerant Bacterial leaf spot resistant strains 1, 2, BLS R Rust resistant and 3 are noted CTV Tolerance to citrus tristeza virus SE Sugar enhanced F Fusarium resistant SH2 Supersweet LBR Late