(Ascomycota) Isolates Using Rdna-ITS Sequences
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Research Article Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Actinidia Macrosperma and Investigation of Their Bioactiv
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2012, Article ID 382742, 8 pages doi:10.1155/2012/382742 Research Article Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Actinidia macrosperma and Investigation of Their Bioactivities Yin Lu,1 Chuan Chen,2 Hong Chen,1 Jianfen Zhang,1 and Weiqin Chen1 1 College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China 2 Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Hangzhou 310013, China Correspondence should be addressed to Yin Lu, [email protected] Received 12 May 2011; Revised 28 August 2011; Accepted 11 September 2011 Academic Editor: Andreas Sandner-Kiesling Copyright © 2012 Yin Lu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Endophytic fungi from the Chinese medicinal plant Actinidia macrosperma were isolated and identified for the first time. This was the first study to evaluate their cytotoxic and antitumour activities against brine shrimp and five types of tumour cells, respectively. In total, 17 fungal isolates were obtained. Five different taxa were represented by 11 isolates, and six isolates were grouped into the species of Ascomycete Incertae sedis with limited morphological and molecular data. Cytotoxic activity has been found in most isolates except AM05, AM06, and AM10. The isolates AM07 (4.86 µg/mL), AM11 (7.71 µg/mL), and AM17 (14.88 µg/mL) exhibited significant toxicity against brine shrimp. The results of the MTT assay to assess antitumour activity revealed that 82.4% of isolate fermentation broths displayed growth inhibition (50% inhibitory concentration IC50 < 100 µg/mL). -
Microbial Diversity in Raw Milk and Sayram Ketteki from Southern of Xinjiang, China
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.15.435442; this version posted March 15, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Microbial diversity in raw milk and Sayram Ketteki from southern of Xinjiang, China DongLa Gao1,2,Weihua Wang1,2*,ZhanJiang Han1,3,Qian Xi1,2, ,RuiCheng Guo1,2,PengCheng Kuang1,2,DongLiang Li1,2 1 College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alaer, Xinjiang , China 2 Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Deep Processing of Agricultural Products in South Xinjiang, Alar, Xinjiang ,China 3 Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar, Xinjiang , China *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected](Weihua Wang) bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.15.435442; this version posted March 15, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Abstract Raw milk and fermented milk are rich in microbial resources, which are essential for the formation of texture, flavor and taste. In order to gain a deeper knowledge of the bacterial and fungal community diversity in local raw milk and home-made yogurts -
Paecilomyces Niveus Stolk & Samson, 1971 (Ascomycota
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.08014 Original Article Paecilomyces niveus Stolk & Samson, 1971 (Ascomycota: Thermoascaceae) as a pathogen of Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley, 1841) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in Brazil M. A. C. Zawadneaka*, I. C. Pimentelb, D. Roblb, P. Dalzotob, V. Vicenteb, D. R. Sosa-Gómezc, M. Porsanib and F. L. Cuqueld aLaboratório de Entomologia Prof. Ângelo Moreira da Costa Lima, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, CP 19020, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil bLaboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, CP 19020, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil cLaboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Soja, CP 231, CEP 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil dDepartamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo, Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Rua dos Funcionários, CP 1540, CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: May 2, 2014 – Accepted: August 27, 2014 – Distributed: November 30, 2015 (With 2 figures) Abstract Nasonovia ribisnigri is a key pest of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in Brazil that requires alternative control methods to synthetic pesticides. We report, for the first time, the occurrence of Paecilomyces niveus as an entomopathogen of the aphid Nasonovia ribisnigri in Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil. Samples of mummified aphids were collected from lettuce crops. The fungus P. niveus (PaePR) was isolated from the insect bodies and identified by macro and micromorphology. The species was confirmed by sequencing Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA. We obtained a sequence of 528 bp (accession number HQ441751), which aligned with Byssochlamys nivea strains (100% identities). In a bioassay, 120 h after inoculation of N. -
Food Microbiology Fungal Spores: Highly Variable and Stress-Resistant Vehicles for Distribution and Spoilage
Food Microbiology 81 (2019) 2–11 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food Microbiology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fm Fungal spores: Highly variable and stress-resistant vehicles for distribution and spoilage T Jan Dijksterhuis Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584, Utrecht, the Netherlands ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: This review highlights the variability of fungal spores with respect to cell type, mode of formation and stress Food spoilage resistance. The function of spores is to disperse fungi to new areas and to get them through difficult periods. This Spores also makes them important vehicles for food contamination. Formation of spores is a complex process that is Conidia regulated by the cooperation of different transcription factors. The discussion of the biology of spore formation, Ascospores with the genus Aspergillus as an example, points to possible novel ways to eradicate fungal spore production in Nomenclature food. Fungi can produce different types of spores, sexual and asexually, within the same colony. The absence or Development Stress resistance presence of sexual spore formation has led to a dual nomenclature for fungi. Molecular techniques have led to a Heat-resistant fungi revision of this nomenclature. A number of fungal species form sexual spores, which are exceptionally stress- resistant and survive pasteurization and other treatments. A meta-analysis is provided of numerous D-values of heat-resistant ascospores generated during the years. The relevance of fungal spores for food microbiology has been discussed. 1. The fungal kingdom molecules, often called “secondary” metabolites, but with many pri- mary functions including communication or antagonism. However, Representatives of the fungal kingdom, although less overtly visible fungi can also be superb collaborators as is illustrated by their ability to in nature than plants and animals, are nevertheless present in all ha- form close associations with members of other kingdoms. -
1 Recurrent Loss of Abaa, a Master Regulator of Asexual Development in Filamentous Fungi
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/829465; this version posted November 4, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Recurrent loss of abaA, a master regulator of asexual development in filamentous fungi, 2 correlates with changes in genomic and morphological traits 3 4 Matthew E. Meada,*, Alexander T. Borowskya,b,*, Bastian Joehnkc, Jacob L. Steenwyka, Xing- 5 Xing Shena, Anita Silc, and Antonis Rokasa,# 6 7 aDepartment of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 8 bCurrent Address: Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, 9 Riverside, California, USA 10 cDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San 11 Francisco, California, USA 12 13 Short Title: Recurrent loss of abaA across Eurotiomycetes 14 #Address correspondence to Antonis Rokas, [email protected] 15 16 *These authors contributed equally to this work 17 18 19 Keywords: Fungal asexual development, abaA, evolution, developmental evolution, 20 morphology, binding site, Histoplasma capsulatum, regulatory rewiring, gene regulatory 21 network, evo-devo 22 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/829465; this version posted November 4, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 23 Abstract 24 Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) drive developmental and cellular differentiation, and variation 25 in their architectures gives rise to morphological diversity. -
Purpureocillium Lilacinum and Metarhizium Marquandii As Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi
Purpureocillium lilacinum and Metarhizium marquandii as plant growth-promoting fungi Noemi Carla Baron1, Andressa de Souza Pollo2 and Everlon Cid Rigobelo1 1 Agricultural and Livestock Microbiology Graduation Program, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil 2 Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil ABSTRACT Background: Especially on commodities crops like soybean, maize, cotton, coffee and others, high yields are reached mainly by the intensive use of pesticides and fertilizers. The biological management of crops is a relatively recent concept, and its application has increased expectations about a more sustainable agriculture. The use of fungi as plant bioinoculants has proven to be a useful alternative in this process, and research is deepening on genera and species with some already known potential. In this context, the present study focused on the analysis of the plant growth promotion potential of Purpureocillium lilacinum, Purpureocillium lavendulum and Metarhizium marquandii aiming its use as bioinoculants in maize, bean and soybean. Methods: Purpureocillium spp. and M. marquandii strains were isolated from soil samples. They were screened for their ability to solubilize phosphorus (P) and produce indoleacetic acid (IAA) and the most promising strains were tested at greenhouse in maize, bean and soybean plants. Growth promotion parameters including plant height, dry mass and contents of P and nitrogen (N) in the plants and Submitted 18 December 2019 in the rhizospheric soil were assessed. Accepted 27 March 2020 Results: Thirty strains were recovered and characterized as Purpureocillium Published 27 May 2020 lilacinum (25), Purpureocillium lavendulum (4) and Metarhizium marquandii Corresponding author (1). -
Thermophilic Fungi: Taxonomy and Biogeography
Journal of Agricultural Technology Thermophilic Fungi: Taxonomy and Biogeography Raj Kumar Salar1* and K.R. Aneja2 1Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa – 125 055, India 2Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra – 136 119, India Salar, R. K. and Aneja, K.R. (2007) Thermophilic Fungi: Taxonomy and Biogeography. Journal of Agricultural Technology 3(1): 77-107. A critical reappraisal of taxonomic status of known thermophilic fungi indicating their natural occurrence and methods of isolation and culture was undertaken. Altogether forty-two species of thermophilic fungi viz., five belonging to Zygomycetes, twenty-three to Ascomycetes and fourteen to Deuteromycetes (Anamorphic Fungi) are described. The taxa delt with are those most commonly cited in the literature of fundamental and applied work. Latest legal valid names for all the taxa have been used. A key for the identification of thermophilic fungi is given. Data on geographical distribution and habitat for each isolate is also provided. The specimens deposited at IMI bear IMI number/s. The document is a sound footing for future work of indentification and nomenclatural interests. To solve residual problems related to nomenclatural status, further taxonomic work is however needed. Key Words: Biodiversity, ecology, identification key, taxonomic description, status, thermophile Introduction Thermophilic fungi are a small assemblage in eukaryota that have a unique mechanism of growing at elevated temperature extending up to 60 to 62°C. During the last four decades many species of thermophilic fungi sporulating at 45oC have been reported. The species included in this account are only those which are thermophilic in the sense of Cooney and Emerson (1964). -
10898405.Pdf
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 37 : 94 - 101 (2004) Thermotolerant and Thermoresistant Paecilomyces and its Teleomorphic States Isolated from Thai Forest and Mountain Soils Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard1,2, Leka Manoch2, Nigel Hywel-Jones1, Suparp Artjariyasripong3 and Robert A. Samson4 ABSTRACT A Dilution plate method combined with heat treatment at 60∞C and 80∞C was used to isolate thermotolerant and thermoresistant Paecilomyces species in soil. The predominant species of Paecilomyces that had been identified was Paecilomyces variotii, the type species of the genus. Oatmeal Agar was used to induce the teleomorph at 37∞C. Other species isolated belong to Paecilomyces or its teleomorphic states Byssochlamys, Talaromyces and Thermoascus included Byssochlamys nivea, Byssochlamys fulva, Talaromyces byssochlamydoides and Thermoascus crustaceus. Key words: soil fungi, Paecilomyces, Byssochlamys, Talaromyces, Thermoascus, thermotolerant, thermoresistant INTRODUCTION chlamydospores or sclerotial bodies. With the exception of the mycelium that may have little Fungi are the most abundant component of metabolic activity, the mentioned stages are all the soil microflora in terms of biomass. They can dormant survival structures, having little activity be divided into three general functional groups and limited importance in the metabolism of the based on how they get their energy (Gams et al., soil. 1998). As decomposers – Fungi are the major Thermophilic fungi are of economic decomposers (saprobic fungi) in the soil, especially importance with several reported contaminants of in forest soils, mainly participating in cellulose, food products. Because of their thermophily the chitin and lignin decomposition. As mutualists – species can also grow above the body temperature Mycorrhizal fungi colonize plant roots helping the of higher animals hence are potential human plant to solubilize phosphorus and bring soil pathogens. -
New Records of Aspergillus Allahabadii and Penicillium Sizovae
MYCOBIOLOGY 2018, VOL. 46, NO. 4, 328–340 https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2018.1550169 RESEARCH ARTICLE Four New Records of Ascomycete Species from Korea Thuong T. T. Nguyen, Monmi Pangging, Seo Hee Lee and Hyang Burm Lee Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY While evaluating fungal diversity in freshwater, grasshopper feces, and soil collected at Received 3 July 2018 Dokdo Island in Korea, four fungal strains designated CNUFC-DDS14-1, CNUFC-GHD05-1, Revised 27 September 2018 CNUFC-DDS47-1, and CNUFC-NDR5-2 were isolated. Based on combination studies using Accepted 28 October 2018 phylogenies and morphological characteristics, the isolates were confirmed as Ascodesmis KEYWORDS sphaerospora, Chaetomella raphigera, Gibellulopsis nigrescens, and Myrmecridium schulzeri, Ascomycetes; fecal; respectively. This is the first records of these four species from Korea. freshwater; fungal diversity; soil 1. Introduction Paraphoma, Penicillium, Plectosphaerella, and Stemphylium [7–11]. However, comparatively few Fungi represent an integral part of the biomass of any species of fungi have been described [8–10]. natural environment including soils. In soils, they act Freshwater nourishes diverse habitats for fungi, as agents governing soil carbon cycling, plant nutri- such as fallen leaves, plant litter, decaying wood, tion, and pathology. Many fungal species also adapt to aquatic plants and insects, and soils. Little -
Aspects of the Biology of Entomogenous Fungi And
ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY OF ENTOMOGENOUS FUNGI AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH ARTHROPODS By EDUARDO MELITON JOVEL AYALA B.Sc. Agronomy, National School of Agriculture, El Salvador 1980 B.Sc. Botany, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California, USA 1993 M.Sc. Ethnobotany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada 1996 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR IN PHILOSOPHY In THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Botany We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standards THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA August 2002 © Eduardo M. Jovel Ayala, 2002 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada II ABSTRACT I investigated several aspects of the biology of entomogenous fungi (mostly Clavicipitaceae with few species of Hypocreaceae). My primary motive in this research was to gain an understanding of the interactions between entomogenous fungi and arthropods. My study included field collections and identification of entomogenous fungi from BC and a few collections from Peru and Idaho. I addressed some aspects of the interactions among arthropods and fungi, life histories of fungi under laboratory conditions, and observations of chemical changes of fungi growing in the presence of heavy metals. -
Microscopic Fungi Isolated from the Domica Cave System (Slovak Karst National Park, Slovakia)
International Journal of Speleology 38 (1) 71-82 Bologna (Italy) January 2009 Available online at www.ijs.speleo.it International Journal of Speleology Official Journal of Union Internationale de Spéléologie Microscopic fungi isolated from the Domica Cave system (Slovak Karst National Park, Slovakia). A review Alena Nováková1 Abstract: Novakova A. 2009. Microscopic fungi isolated from the Domica Cave system (Slovak Karst National Park, Slovakia). A review. International Journal of Speleology, 38 (1), 71-82. Bologna (Italy). ISSN 0392-6672. A broad spectrum, total of 195 microfungal taxa, were isolated from various cave substrates (cave air, cave sediments, bat droppings and/or guano, earthworm casts, isopods and diplopods faeces, mammalian dung, cadavers, vermiculations, insect bodies, plant material, etc.) from the cave system of the Domica Cave (Slovak Karst National Park, Slovakia) using dilution, direct and gravity settling culture plate methods and several isolation media. Penicillium glandicola, Trichoderma polysporum, Oidiodendron cerealis, Mucor spp., Talaromyces flavus and species of the genus Doratomyces were isolated frequently during our study. Estimated microfungal species diversity was compared with literature records from the same substrates published in the past. Keywords: Domica Cave system, microfungi, air, sediments, bat guano, invertebrate traces, dung, vermiculations, cadavers Received 29 April 2008; Revised 15 September 2008; Accepted 15 September 2008 INTRODUCTION the obtained microfungal spectrum with records of Microscopic fungi are an important part of cave previously published data from the Baradla Cave and microflora and occur in various substrates in caves, other caves in the world. such as cave sediments, vermiculations, bat droppings and/or guano, decaying organic material, etc. Their DESCRIPTION OF STUDIED CAVES widespread distribution contributes to their important The Domica Cave system is located on the south- role in the feeding strategies of cave fauna. -
Genomic and Genetic Insights Into a Cosmopolitan Fungus, Paecilomyces Variotii (Eurotiales)
fmicb-09-03058 December 11, 2018 Time: 17:41 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 13 December 2018 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03058 Genomic and Genetic Insights Into a Cosmopolitan Fungus, Paecilomyces variotii (Eurotiales) Andrew S. Urquhart1, Stephen J. Mondo2, Miia R. Mäkelä3, James K. Hane4,5, Ad Wiebenga6, Guifen He2, Sirma Mihaltcheva2, Jasmyn Pangilinan2, Anna Lipzen2, Kerrie Barry2, Ronald P. de Vries6, Igor V. Grigoriev2 and Alexander Idnurm1* 1 School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 2 U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States, 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, 4 CCDM Bioinformatics, Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia, 5 Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia, 6 Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute and Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands Species in the genus Paecilomyces, a member of the fungal order Eurotiales, are ubiquitous in nature and impact a variety of human endeavors. Here, the biology of one common species, Paecilomyces variotii, was explored using genomics and functional genetics. Sequencing the genome of two isolates revealed key genome and gene features in this species. A striking feature of the genome was the two-part nature, featuring large stretches of DNA with normal GC content separated by AT-rich regions, Edited by: a hallmark of many plant-pathogenic fungal genomes. These AT-rich regions appeared Monika Schmoll, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), to have been mutated by repeat-induced point (RIP) mutations. We developed methods Austria for genetic transformation of P.