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Spill the Beans by Tessa Bartholio, Aya Doslu, Kahlia Laszlo, Josephine Tov Tessa Hi There and Welcome to Our Podcast on Sustainable Eating, Called Spill the Beans

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Spill the Beans by Tessa Bartholio, Aya Doslu, Kahlia Laszlo, Josephine Tov Tessa Hi There and Welcome to Our Podcast on Sustainable Eating, Called Spill the Beans Spill the Beans by Tessa Bartholio, Aya Doslu, Kahlia Laszlo, Josephine Tov Tessa Hi there and welcome to our podcast on sustainable eating, called spill the beans. I'm Tessa and I am here today with. Kahlia Hi, I'm Kalia. Aya Hi, my name is Aya. Josephine And my name is Josephine. Josephine Alright, welcome everybody to our podcast. So firstly, we'll be talking about what is a plant-based diet and why people go plant based, the general pros and cons of eating plant based. And then we'll move into the food industry. Josephine So we'll talk about how food is produced and the cons of the food industry as well as the ecological impacts. And then we'll move into accessibility of food. And then we'll have a special guest come in, speak to us about their perspective. And then we'll wrap it up with mentioning our own design solutions for this issue. Tessa - 1 - Hi, Josephine. I was wondering if you can answer what a plant-based diet exactly entails because I know there's some confusion about this topic. So hopefully, you can clarify things for us. Josephine Great question, Tessa. So plant-based eating focuses on foods derived primarily from plants. Most people assume that this means just fruits and vegetables, which doesn't sound very sustainable for a whole healthy diet. Josephine But it also includes foods like nuts, seeds, oils, whole grains, legumes and beans. plant based diets are not the same thing as going vegan or vegetarian. Rather, you're proportionately choosing more of your foods from plant sources. Kahlia Thanks, Josephine, for that definition of plant-based eating, now Can you touch upon why people choose to go plant based or not to go plant based? Josephine Yeah, I was actually just about to get into that. Now, you might be wondering why people would go plant based because it doesn't sound very appealing to just eating fruits and vegetables and like nuts and seeds and oils and whole grains, etc. But there's actually lots of health benefits of eating plant based like the support to your immune system. Josephine Plants are high in fiber, this can help reduce your inflammation, it can reduce your risk for certain diseases as well. Not to mention you have a reduced carbon footprint, and it saves animals and it's just better for the environment. And it's pretty easy to do, there's plenty of options - 2 - everywhere you go today, lots of restaurants have a lot of plant-based substitutes or options for you. Josephine Now on the flip side, some people choose not to go plant based and that's okay too. Mainly, some of the cons of going plant based are that you can carry some risk of inadequate protein, vitamin and mineral intake. There are people who are iron deficient, so they would need to take supplements. This also carries the potential risk of a stroke. And eating plant based definitely requires you to be a little more like strategic and tedious with the food that you eat. Josephine You need to pay more attention to the meals that you order and probably have to cook a little bit more and prepare the meals for yourself at home. Because you don't always know like where you're going to be going if they're going to have options for you. Sometimes affordability and socio- economic status comes into play. People don't have the resources to buy all these healthy foods. And some people think that going vegan or plant based is just a trend. Aya So Josephine just talked about what a plant-based diet is. Now Tessa, what? Could you talk about the cons of the meat industry? Tessa Yeah, Aya, so I will actually be diving into certain aspects of the cons provided by the meat industry like fossil fuels and energy consumption. Tessa - 3 - And then Kalia will go deeper and go ahead and address other factors such as water and certain pesticides and GMOs as they contribute to the unsustainable meat industry. Tessa Okay, so I'm going to start off by just clarifying that fossil fuels are produced, even before the cattle was raised to until it's eaten. When we think about things like clearing of the land, that comes before the cattle is raised, and then comes operating slaughterhouses. Tessa And then transportation is most likely before and after, because you have to transport the cattle to the farm and then transport the meat to the store. Tessa So all of these things contribute significantly to fossil fuels. And while I was doing some research, I came across a pretty interesting statistic that personally helped me put everything into perspective. And I'm sure you guys can relate too. Tessa So here it goes. 40 pounds of soybeans are produced by the same amount of fossil fuels required to produce one pound of meat. >>> Oh, wow. Tessa - 4 - Just think about that for a little. And I can repeat it. 40 pounds of soybeans are produced by the same amount of fossil fuels required to produce one pound of meat. Tessa So this just goes to show that the meat industry has been proven to be energy inefficient because of the quantity of fossil fuels required for its production. And so that's why it's our responsibility. >>> Oh, absolutely, Tessa it's our responsibility to be aware that the food we consume does affect the planet. Kahlia: Thank you, Tessa for that overview of fossil fuels and energy consumption in the meat industry. Kahlia Now I'll be talking about water usage. And the US agriculture actually accounts for 38% of the nation's freshwater usage, and approximately 80 to 90% of the nation's overall water usage. Kahlia So a lot of our water goes towards food, and a lot of that water goes specifically towards meat. For example, producing one kilogram of animal protein required about 100 times more water than a one kilogram of grain protein. Kahlia - 5 - Now you have to take into account that this isn't just water that the livestock drinks. one kilogram of beef needs 13 kilograms of granny and 30 kilograms of hay. All this grain and hay requires thousands of liters of water. Kahlia So as you can see me meat-based diets require a whole lot of energy, land and water resources as a whole. In comparison, well it takes more than 2400 gallons of water to produce one pound of meat, it only takes 25 gallons of water to grow one pound of wheat. Kahlia So it takes more than 4000 gallons of water per day to produce food for a typical meat eater but only 300 gallons of water to produce food for a typical vegan. So as you can see, plant-based diets in general just require a lot less water and resources and that's why they're more sustainable. Kahlia Now the modern food production also incorporates a wide range of synthetic chemicals. Many, which has the potential to be very damaging to humans have exposed to them in high concentrations, or low concentrations over an extended period of time. The reason why people inject hormones into their young livestock is to make them gain weight faster. more weight means more meat, and more meat means more money for these farmers. Kahlia However, some hormones using cattle have been found to stimulate the growth of tumors and can also cause the cows to get infections. And pesticides are used to protect crops from insects, weeds and infections. But the residue they leave on some foods can then be eaten by people and can put people at risk for acute and chronic poisoning. Acute poisoning - 6 - can cause nausea, cramps, diarrhea, dizziness, and increased anxiety, which can be very severe but is often reversible. Kahlia Chronic poisoning can cause respiratory problems memory disorders can condition depression, miscarriages, birth defects, cancer and neurological conditions. Doesn't that list sound like side effects to some prescription medicine? Kahlia Now, why would farmers use these hormones and pesticides and such if they're so bad? Well, farmers use them because they think that these things will save them money in the long run, but they often overlook the real cost the health of people and their environment. Kahlia And this is why having alternatives is so important. Being able to consciously choose to eat less meat, and knowing where your food comes from, and if it's organic, or what was being used in them. But not everyone has access to these things. And that's a problem. Aya So talking about accessibility, in the last few years, we've been seeing a rise in plant-based alternatives for people wishing to have a plant-based diet. With all these options and fake meat options on the market. Aya Are these substitutions accessible to everyone? Not necessarily in certain Areas there's what's called food deserts, which are typically in lower income areas that don't have immediate access to grocery stores nearby, or grocery stores that would even carry a lot of plant-based alternatives. - 7 - Aya According to do something.org did some research about 23 point 5 million people live in food deserts. Nearly half of these people who live in food deserts are also low income or below the poverty line. Why is this an issue? The criteria for what is called a food desert means that people live more than one mile from the supermarket in urban or suburban areas and more than 10 miles from a supermarket and rural areas.
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