DRINKING U. S. A.

Accidents

Unintentional injuries Homicide 13/liters year consumption per person in ITALY

7.6/liters years Trend interrupted between 2001 and 2003 the average consumption per person of alcohol increased from 9.1 liters to 10.5 liters in the population (> 15yrs) since

The Italian data is still above the level of average consumption per person that the O.M.S. recommend to the countries of the European regions for the year 2015, at 6 liters / year> 15 yrs, whereas age <15 yrs = 0 The alarming thing is for young people

First drink at the age 11 years (14-15 years ?)

On average 12,2 years, compared with 14,6 the European average

In the age group between 11 and 24 years, 13,2% of males and 4,4% of females have practiced “”

“Binge drinking” Drugs

He alone understood He had 34% exercise “Binge drinking” fallen into darkness. And the instant he knew, at least once a week he ceased to know.

(compared to 28% European average) Jack London “”

Eating behavior disorder in girls (to alleviate hunger)

New trend

Add the lack of food

“Drunkorexia”

Only alcoholic beverages as food !!!

-Alcoholic beverages with alcohol content of 5-6%

-Inviting colors (trendy presentation)

-Sweet and nice

-Easy to abuse

-Dependence “Happy hour” For 17.4% of teenagers this is the moment “Pubwhen they crawl” drink alcohol

“Drink as much as you can” “Open Bar” males females “Pub crawl”

Butellon

Alcohol consumption Drug in adolescents consumption

Synergistic; The one reinforces the other +alcohol = cocactilene Behavioural problems

Poor school performance School abseenteism Risky sexual behavior

Interference in the transition from adolescence to adulthood Tienilo a mmente chi è ‘o Tienilobbuono a mmentee chi è ‘o chi malamente…... è ‘o bbuono e chi è ‘o malamente…... Almamegretta Almamegretta Alcohol is the cause of 60 different types of diseases and conditions

-55.000 young people died from alcohol-related effects. Deaths involving both alcohol abusers and those who suffer the effect of alcohol abuse of others.

-195.000 deaths each year in the EU W.H.O. Alcohol is one of the first factors of early and chronic disabling diseases Alcohol induces

Intentional violence Criminal behavior Association of Socioeconomic Position With Health Behaviors and Mortality

Silvia Stringhini, MSc; Séverine Sabia, PhD; Martin Shipley, MSc; Eric Brunner, PhD; Hermann Nabi, PhD; Mika Kivimaki, PhD; Archana Singh-Manoux, PhD PeopleJAMA. 2010;303(12):1159in a modest-1166. economic position lead an unhealthy life and have 1.6 times higher risk of death than those with higher social status Financial Health situation

Work Happiness Alcohol adverse and/or work effects opportunity

Study Family life Friendships W.H.O . Alcohol

Imposes, for Italy, a social cost and health equal to 2-5% (average 3.5% per year) of G.D.P. Alcohol Healthcare damage costs

Economic burden Loss of -Subjects -Families income -Society for early Loss of mortality Productivity (due to morbility) Costs for damage to property EFFICIENT PREVENTIVE ACTION

Training

Information

Prevention, with particular attention to young people, about possible adverse effects that the systematic use of alcohl (risk behavior) may have on health Media pressures

A D O L E S C E N T Alcohol bar, pub, beer house, wine bar, recreational clubs , etc.

-Socialisation function -Group reinforcement -Collective rituals reinforcement -Solidarity between individuals -Reassuring family atmosphere Alcohol

Food

Legal use

Myths and folk saying

Therapeutic properties,invigorating,stimulating, alimentary,digestive, ……….aphrodisiac Make prevention

Produce stable changes over time

Implement programs that are not limited to repair work, but involving people and to make them aware of their choices “eyeballing” Nervine substance that facilitates the significant waste of energy through a significant increase in blood pressure, Energy Drink speed of reaction and metabolism, reducing thus the perception of the state both physical and mental fatigue National Consumer Union

In our country people under the age of 30 tend to abuse Energy Drinks (3-4 cans/week)

Associated with alcohol consumption

12% increase in consumer energy drink especially in the evening, where consumption is related to the preparation of cocktails (discos, pubs)

The anti-poison center of Pavia has recorded 11 cases of intoxicated persons for abuse of Red Bull and/or co-recruitment of high volume Red Bull with other substances (tachycardia, agitation, vomiting, and in the case of co-employment drug delirium and

The association of Energy Drinks and alcohol can give an illusory sense of command of the situation induced by , which inhibits the effect of the alcohol (masking the alcohol influence, really slow reflexes and reduced motor coordination) Energy drinks: a risk of heart attack

After an hour of consuming energy drinks, objective cardiovascular changes characterized by an increase in blood pressure and platelet aggregation, in addition to an alteration of endothelial function can be observed

Cigarette smoking

ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS

CIGARETTE SMOKING

About 80% of patients who use began under 18 years ; The number of teenage smokers is increasing everywhere -Smoking causes 650.000 deaths a year in Europe

-A death in seven is a direct result of tobacco and dependence kills a smoker out of two

-15% of non-smokers (passive smoking) is in danger of being a victim (circulatory system disease, cancer, hair loss, ulcers, infertility, etc.)

A. Peruga, A. Pruss-Ustun (Lancet)

-Each year, worldwide, about 600.000 people die due to the consequence of passive smoking.

-The first victims of passive smoking appear to be children: -Well over 150.000 under 5 years of life.

-The phenomenon is most evident in low and middle income countries Smokers among More than one 15-24 year olds in million and 200 Italy amounted to thousand young 19.9% people smoke

Boys Girls 22.5% 17.3%

DRUGS

OCCASIONAL DEPENDENCE

In Italy the number of drug deaths has seen a gradual rise ISTAT

out of 4651 adolescents who died in 1997, 1.7% of females and 3.6% of males due to overdose

Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS- USA) 1 student/10 marijuna < 13 years l’1.1% cocaine < 13 years 17% of adolescents LSD,PCP,Ecstasy

ADDICTION INFORMATION AGENCY CITY OF ROME

First contact with drugs < 9 years of life (08.04.2010) 1.121 young people (15-20 years) Reggio Emilia: 21% joints not dangerous 35% only exaggerated use dangerous

Recreational and moderate use of cannabinoids not risky for mental and physical health (compatible use with daily routine such as school, work, sport, family and social relations)

The use of “joints” produces:

-states of excitement -wellness -reduces anxiety -reduces anguish -reduces uncertainty !!! Smart Shops (herbal products) “smart drugs” (products of vegetable origin) containing: vitamins, active ingredients of plant extracts -ephedrine -caffeine -taurine -substances with hallucinogenic properties (environmental fresheners, seed collection)

Improve the “performance” of the brain and physical “HIGH” without damage !!! But plants are not always harmless !

-cocaine -morphine -salvia divinorum 12 euro/gram 1,3,5 gram sachets N-JOYUp to 10 times more potent than marijuana Jwh

Spice is not detected with standard drug0 tests-18 Consumed by adult as a substitute for viagra