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A Right to a Rite? the Blessing of Same-Sex Couples by the Anglican Church in New Zealand a Right to a Rite?®

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A Right to a Rite? the Blessing of Same-Sex Couples by the Anglican Church in New Zealand a Right to a Rite?® A Right to a Rite? The Blessing of Same-sex Couples by the Anglican Church in New Zealand A Right to a Rite?® The Blessing of Same-sex Couples by the Anglican Church in New Zealand Abstract The Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia (ACANZP) and the worldwide Anglican Communion have become embroiled in the controversy surrounding the appropriateness of Same-sex Sexual Activity (SsSA) and Same-sex Sexual Relationship by Christians who desire to participate fully in the life of the Anglican Church. This controversy, which has aspects of an ideological war, has two primary fields of conflict - the Blessing of Committed Same-sex Couples (CSsC), and the consecration to the episcopacy of those involved in a CSsC relationship. This thesis will look at the first issue. The appeal for the ACANZP to Bless CSsC relationships is predicated on an un-stated and un-argued declaration that a CSsC relationship is, or can be, equivalent to a heterosexual couple joined in Holy Matrimony. This thesis takes the view that since the only relationship which the Anglican Church Blesses is a couple in or entering into Holy Matrimony, the request to Bless a CSsC couple must be argued on the basis of the equivalence of a CSsC relationship to Holy Matrimony. No other theology has been put forward to date. Some people may be predisposed towards experiencing relational, romantic or erotic attraction with some of their own sex, and perceive the experience of homosexual attraction as ‘natural’. The church need not ‘agree’ with this view in order to love, accept, and support those who experience such an attraction or are in such a relationship. Where a person experiencing same-sex attraction is unwilling or unable to be celibate, or to effect a Ronald Kent Ashford conversion to heterosexuality, encouragement to form a monogamous, caring, loving and interdependent relationship would be preferable to a series of fleeting anonymous sexual A thesis submitted for the degree of contacts, and/or a life lived without enduring companionship owing to pressure to be celibate. MA (Bioethics) The Anglican Church’s response to homosexuals should be based upon a compassionate at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand concern for the person(s), and not upon an imagined weight of numbers (either high or low), nor upon preconceived ideas about how we can live perfectly in an admittedly fallen world. (submitted) 30 May 2006 (updated) 14 September 2006 2 While some aspects of a CSsC relationship parallel marriage, as is now recognised in New Zealand law with the Civil Union Act 2004 and the Relationships (Statutory References) Act 2005, there are a number of irreconcilable differences between a CSsC relationship and Preface those joined in Holy Matrimony. These differences indicate that it would not be appropriate for the ACANZP to Bless CSsC relationships. This thesis advocates the approving of a service for the recognition and reception of CSsC relationships within the life of its community of faith. Such a service might mirror the distinction between the Liturgy of Baptism and the I wish to acknowledge and give thanks for the following people who assisted with the service of Thanksgiving for the Gift of a Child found within A New Zealand Prayer Book; this research and writing of this thesis: proposed service might be called a Commitment Service for a Same-sex Couple. Professor Grant Gillett, Bioethics Centre, University of Otago, my thesis supervisor. His innumerable ideas, leads, encouragement and guidance made this thesis possible. The Revd Dr Lydia Johnson, Theology and Religious Studies Department, University of Otago, was an honourary supervisor, whose guidance and encouragement on a number of pastoral theology issues, and a great number of comments on the thesis draft, were especially welcomed and appreciated. The Revd Dr Murray Rae, Theology and Religious Studies Department, University of Otago, was an honourary supervisor, whose guidance on a number of systematic theological issues and other key aspects was greatly appreciated. Dr Angela Ashford (née Mackie), my wife, is my chief encourager and confidante, who always has a willing ear, and a sharp eye for grammar and syntax. Dr Robert Mann, retired senior lecturer, University of Auckland, for his polemical, but thought- provoking, remarks on this topic. Professor Don Evans, Dr Jing-Bao, Dr Neal Pickering and the other staff and post-graduate students at the Bioethics Centre, University of Otago, whose encouragement, enthusiasm and open-door policy made my year truly memorable and valuable. 3 I wish to acknowledge the following people who informed my thesis by willingly and graciously giving of their time, and discussing openly their views on this subject (title and Interview Procedures name; role(s); location of interview and date): The Revd Andrew Allan-Johns; Vicar of St John’s (Rangiora), Deputy Chair of National To begin the interview process, the writer wrote to all the bishops in November 2005 who Executive of Mainstream (NZ) and Coordinator for Christchurch Mainstream; were then in full-time ministry within the Three-Tikanga Anglican Church of Aotearoa, New Rangiora, 17 February, 2005. Zealand and Polynesia (hereafter: ACANZP or Anglican Church), requesting an interview, and asking for any names of people they thought the writer should interview (from any side of The Revd Christine Allan-Johns; Priest Assistant at St John’s (Rangiora), member of the dispute). The writer also wrote to a number of people he knew to be leaders in promoting Mainstream; Rangiora, 16 February 2005. or opposing the Blessing of CSsC relationships. Each person was sent an Information Sheet The Revd Dr George Armstrong; Co-ordinator of Post-graduate Studies at Te Rau Kahikatea, for Participants (an outline of the Ethics Committee-approved procedures from the University and former lecturer in Theology at St John’s Theological College (Auckland); of Otago), and a Consent Form For Participants (also in regard to ethics approval). The writer Auckland, 10 February 2005. informed the potential interviewees that he would take notes, that a copy of these notes would be sent to them for review and amendment, and that if he wished to quote them, he The Revd Bob Barrett; Vicar of St George’s (Epsom); Auckland, 19 January 2005. would send them a copy of the quote in context for their review, correction and approval (or The Ven Dr Don Battley; Co-Archdeacon of Manukau, (Auckland), chair of Development otherwise) prior to formal submission of the thesis. The writer offered each person the Council, Auckland Diocese; Auckland, 25 January 2005. opportunity to use a unique identifier, mentioning he hoped as many as possible would be willing to be identified with their statements. However, he acknowledged that some would The Revd Wally Behan; Vicar of St John’s - Latimer Square, (Christchurch); Christchurch, 16 wish to remain anonymous in their statements for a variety of reasons. February 2005. The interviews ranged from 40 minutes to 5 hours in length, the average being 105 minutes. Professor John Bishop; Professor of Philosophy - University of Auckland, member of St In Appendix A1 the writer has placed a copy of the formal questions he asked the Luke’s - Mt Albert (Auckland), Canon of The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity - Auckland; interviewees. During the interview, each person was asked if they knew of anybody they Auckland, 17 January 2005. thought it might be helpful to interview, on any side of the dispute. The Revd Dr Bryden Black; Examining Chaplain - Christchurch Diocese; Christchurch, 4 July In all, fifty-one people were formally interviewed for this thesis between 2 December 2004 2005. and 17 October 2005; they live from Auckland to Dunedin, New Zealand. Of those interviewed, there were seven bishops, two deans, three archdeacons, three canon The Right Revd John Bluck; Bishop of Waiapu; Napier, 3 February 2005. theologians, twelve vicars and parish priests, several members of Changing Attitudes The Ven Dr Ken Booth; Director of Theology House (Christchurch), previously member of the (promoting the Blessing of CSsC relationships), several members of Mainstream (opposing Doctrine Commission and the Prayer Book Commission; Christchurch, 17 February the Blessing of CSsC relationships),2 ten professors and lecturers (of Philosophy, Ethics, 2005. Law, History, Theology, Pastoral, Old and New Testament), a paediatrician, a psychologist, a solicitor, two heads of theological colleges, two artists, a business leader, and three leading The Revd Canon Deborah Broome; Vicar of Seatoun-Strathmore (Wellington), Canon lay people (some interviewees overlap two or more categories). Theologian - Wellington Diocese; Wellington, 14 February 2005. The Revd Colin Brown; former lecturer in Church History - St John’s Theological College (Auckland); Christchurch, 4 July, 2005. 1 Appendix A: Interview Questionnaire, p. 139f. The Right Revd Dr Thomas Brown; Bishop of Wellington, Anglican Bishop to the New 2 The writer discovered a group whose name, inclination and membership he has been asked to keep Zealand Defence Force; Wellington, 2 February 2005. confidential. 4 Mr Roger Cann; Barrister and Solicitor (Auckland); Auckland, 1 September 2005. Mr Juan Kinnear; Assistant to the Principal of the School of Ministry, Knox Theological College (Dunedin); Dunedin, 25 July 2005. The Right Revd Brian Carrell; retired “Bishop in the North” (Wellington Diocese); Christchurch, 5 July 2005. The Revd Jonathan Kirkpatrick; Chief Executive Officer - AUT Technology Park, Auckland University of Technology (AUT) (Auckland), and former Dean of St Paul’s Cathedral The Revd Dr Peter Carrell; Director of Studies - Bishopdale College (Nelson), member of the (Dunedin); Auckland, 30 August 2005. Diocese of Nelson’s Theology Commission, and speaker at the Christchurch Diocesan Synod Conference on Sexuality; Nelson, 15 February 2005. Mrs Diane Lees; Clinical Psychologist, Child and Adolescence Mental Health Service, (Tauranga); Kawakawa Bay, Auckland, 18 January 2005. The Revd Dr Mary Caygill; Principal and Lecturer in Pastoral Theology - Trinity Methodist Theological College (Auckland); Auckland, 9 February 2005.
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