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The California Geographer Volume 49 2009

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The California Geographer Volume 49 2009 The California Geographer Volume 49 2009 HICAL OCIETY A Publication of the .ALIFORNIA GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY THE CALIFORNIA GEOGRAPHER List of Editors (Vol.) 1-X 1960-1 969 Robert A. Kennelly XI 1970 Robert W. Durrenberger XII-XIII 1971 -1 972 Elliot G. Mcintire XIV 1973-1974 Roderick C. McKenzie XV-XVIII 1975-1 978 Donald G. Holtgrieve XIX-XXII 1979-1982 Ronald F. Lockman XXIII-XXXI 1983 -1 990 Donald R. Floyd XXII-XXXIV 1991 -1994 Elliot Mcintire XXXV-XXXVI 1995-1 996 Bi ll Ta kizawa XXXVII-XLI 1997-2001 Ray Sumner 42-43 2002-2003 judy Walton 44-49 2004-2009 Dorothy Freidel List of Associate and Guest Editors (Vol.) XI 1970 Elliot G. Mcintire XVIII 1978 Nancy Schluntz XIX 1979 james W. Yerdon XXIII-XXX 1983 -1 990 William L. Preston XXXV 1995 Ray Sumner XXXVI 1996 Carol jean Cox XXXVII 1997 Arnold Court, Dennis Napier, Barney Warf XXXVIII 1998 David Nemeth XXXIX 1999 Dale Pullin The California Geographer Volume 49, 2009 A Publication of the CALIFORNIA GEOGRAPHICAL SociETY Edited by DoROTHY FREIDEL Copyediting and layout by Rick Cooper Editing & Des�gn, Corvallis, Oregon Printed by OSU Printing, Corvallis, Oregon The California Geographer Editor Dorothy Freidel, Sonoma State University Editorial Board Gregory S. Bohr, Cal Poly San Luis Guest Reviewers Obispo Lynn Songer, Lane Community Robin Datel, CSU Sacramento College Jennifer Helzer, CSU Stanislaus Tony Sparks, Sonoma State James Keese, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo University Crystal Kolden, Clark University Mary Ellen Wilkosz, Sonoma State James Wanket, CSU Sacramento University Robert A. Voeks, CSU Fullerton The California Geographer is a refereed journal of the California Geographical So­ ciety, and has been published annually since 1960. All statements and opinions that appear in the journal are the full responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the California Geographical Society. Volume XVII (1977) indexes volumes through !XVII, and volume XXIX (1989) indexes volumes through !XXIX. Volume numbering changed from Roman to Arabic numbering with volume 42 (2002). Volume 44 (2004) indexes volumes !XXX through 43. For information on submitting a manuscript, see "Instructions to Contributors" on back page or Web site, http://www.csun.edu/-calgeosoc/. Direct all manuscript inquiries to Dorothy Freidel, CG Editor, Department of Geography and Global Studies, Sonoma State University; e-mail: [email protected]. Information for Subscribers and Advertisers Subscriptions: The domestic subscription rate is $20 per year; the foreign rate is $25 per year. Back issues are available for $20 each. Questions regarding subscriptions should be directed to: CGS, 1149 E. Steffen Street, Glendora, CA 91741-3736. Advertising: Full-page (4.5" w x 7.5" h) ads: inside front cover= $300; inside back cover= $250; back cover= $300; elsewhere= $200. Half-page (2.25" w x 3.75" h) ads are SO% of full-page rates. For more information, contact Jim Wanket, Cal State Sacramento, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95819, (916) 278-7580, fax (916) 278- 7584, e-mail [email protected]. Copyright 2009 by the California Geographical Society California Geographical Society 1149 E. Steffen St. Glendora, CA 91741-3736 CALIFORNIA GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY 2008-2009 OFFICERS President Vice President Robert A. Voeks Steve Graves CSU Fullerton CSU Northridge Secretary Treasurer Sally Otton Dan Walsh San Joaquin Delta College Saddleback College Past President Jennifer Helzer CSU Stanislaus BOARD MEMBERS Joy Adams, Humboldt State University John Carroll, CSU Fullerton Scott Crosier, Cosumnes River College Craig Davis, Sacramento City College Peggy Hauselt, CSU Stanislaus Mike Murphy, Gettysburg Elementary School, Clovis Jason Pittman, Folsom Lake City College Greg Shaw, CSU Sacramento Maureen Smith, San Bernardino Valley College Jodi Titus, Irvine Valley College Jim Wanket, CSU Sacramento Lin Wu, Cal Poly Pomona Nicki Young, Beattie Middle School Student Members Alison McNally, CSU Stanislaus Zia Salim, San Diego State University Business Manager Editor, CGS Bulletin Steve Slakey Crystal LoVetere University of La Verne Cerritos College 2009 Conference Chairs Webmaster Robert A. Voeks Steven M. Graves CSU Fullerton CSU Northridge John Carroll CSU Fullerton Web site: http:/ /www.csun.edu/-calgeosoc/ Table of Contents Articles 1 "Neither Community Is Going Anywhere": Indirect Im­ pacts of Revitalization on the Homeless Zia Salim, San Diego State University 31 The Effects of Indigenous Prescribed Fire on Herpetofauna and Small Mammals in Two Central Valley California Ri­ parian Ecosystems Don L. Hankins, California State University, Chico 51 Harriet Chalmers Adams: Remembering an American Geog­ rapher Kathryn Davis, San Jose State University 71 Temperature Extremes in California Guy King, CaliforniaState University, Chico Geographic Education 85 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) In Health Organiza­ tions: Emerging Trends for Professional Education Cindy Gotz, Janice Frates, and Suzanne Weschler, California State University, Long Beach The Geographer's Viewpoint 107 Population, Resources, and Environment: "Beyond the Exponentials" Revisited Gary Peters, California State University, Chico Geographic Chronicles 121 2009 Meeting Report: Santa Ynez Jennifer Helzer, California State University Stanislaus 127 2009 Award Winners "Neither Community Is Going Anywhere": Indirect Impacts of Revitalization on the Homeless Zia Salim San Diego State University Abstract The hyper-marginalized status of the homeless makes them particularly vulnerable to processes of urban restructuring, in­ cluding Downtown renewal. Downtown Los Angeles is a focal point of homelessness and urban revitalization. Within this context, I examine some of the effects of revitalization on the homeless using Los Angeles' Skid Row as a case study. Through a series of interviews with individuals involved in, or impacted by, Downtown redevelopment, this research identifies some of the indirect impacts of revitalization on the homeless. I explore various stakeholders' perceptions and reactions as homeless­ ness and revitalization intersect and I present their thoughts on how revitalization can be made more equitable for those involved. I conclude that understanding the subtle and indi­ rect impacts of revitalization on homelessness can contribute to our knowledge of these two contemporary urban processes. Key words: revitalization, homelessness, Los Angeles. Introduction IN THE HEART OF Downtown Los Angeles' Historic Core, a boom in revitalization activity has been taking place as architecturally and historically significant buildings are gutted and then transformed into residences and live-work units. Prior to the launch of the first adaptive reuse project, Tom Gilmore, the developer who almost sin­ gle-handedly jumpstarted the process, described his vision thus: In Los Angeles we're ashamed of our Downtown. We have dozens of beautiful old buildings, the kind that people die for in New York, and we treat them like eyesores, as if we're wait­ ing for them to fall down so we can sweep the bricks away and build another parking garage. Those buildings can be filledwith people Oones 1999). The California Geographer 49, © 2009 by The California Geographical Society A decade later, the plans have come to fruition, in a sense; more and more residential activity can be seen in the Core. Thousands of new construction and adaptive reuse units have been added to the Core, new residents are becoming part of the scene, and a certain buzz is in the air. Families with strollers, people walking dogs, and art walks and farmer's markets are not uncommon sights today; a decade ago these sights would be very out of place. But also near this heart of Downtown is Los Angeles' Skid Row, one of the largest service-dependent ghettos in the country. Thousands of people live on the streets of Skid Row and in its residential and single­ room-occupancy (SRO) hotels. Mental illness, addiction, or physical disabilities afflict many of the homeless, and families, women, and children are new components of the homeless demographic (Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority 2007). The support system that provides for the homeless is at times frayed dangerously thin. The juxtaposition of these two processes is at the heart of this research. Since 1999, Los Angeles' Historic Core has experienced increasing revitalization directly adjacent to the landscape of misery that is Skid Row. The locations of the Historic Core and Skid Row within Downtown Los Angeles are shown in Figure 1. The proxim­ ity of Skid Row to the Historic Core is vital to understanding the starkness of the contrast between the two. Uneven development characterizes this part of Downtown: there is a steep drop-off from the Core to Skid Row. Decades of containment of the homeless here, coupled with structural factors such as southern California's high cost of living and housing, have made Skid Row a center of stark poverty. This research investigates some of the indirect effects of revital­ ization on the homeless in Los Angeles' Skid Row. Specifically, I focus on service provision and residential hotels and how they are impacted by revitalization. Some geographic research has studied these two issues simultaneously (see Fennell 2003) but there is in­ complete information on the full spectrum of potential impacts. I argue that understanding some of the subtler ways that the two processes intersect provides useful information about revitalization and homelessness, and potentially aids policymakers and others in mitigating
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