Iechnicol Description

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Iechnicol Description lqcll#n 047 Iechnicoldescription Edilion3 SCOPEOF THE MANUAL This document describes both the Facit 4046 punch and the requirementsto externalequipment. This docu'ment does not Facit 4047 Reader/Punch Combination. lt includes detailed includedetailed circuit diagrams or circuitdescriptions, and operating information, interconnectiondetails and interfacing doesnot includesofware descriptions or servicinginformation. CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 5.10 ProgramMode22 5.1 1 Error Message 2. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 2.1 B rief Description 6. CODE CONVERSION 2.2 Punch Tape Handling 6.1 ASCII to ASCII 2.3 Punch Tape Loading 6.2 ASCII to Telex (5 track) 2.4 PunchingAccuracy 6.3 ASCII to Telex (USA -8 track RS358) 2.5 ReaderTape Handling 6.4 ASCllto EIA (RS244) 2.6 ReaderTape Loading 6.5 EIA (R5244) to ASCII 3. OPERATION 7. TELEX TAPE FORMATTING 3.1 Punch Buffer 7 .1 ClearText Punching 7.2 Message 3.2 PunchingOut Data End of Code 7.3 Time Function 3.3 Buffer Status Signalling Out 7 3.4 Punch Speed .4 Line Length Adjustment 7.5 Expansion 3.5 Time Out Code 7.6 Reduction of Spaces 3.6 Tape Reader (Facit4047 Combination Onlv) B. TEST MODE 4. KEYBOARD CONTROLS 8.1 Test Mode 1 - Memory Test (Facit 4.1 Key Functions 40461 8.2 Test Mode 2 - Channel 1 Communication Test 4.2 Key Functions(Facit 4047 Combination) 8.3 Test Mode 3 - Channel2 Communication Test 8.4 Test Mode 4 - Test Tape Punching 5. PROGRAM MODE 8.5 Test Mode 5 - Test Tape Reading 5.1 SelectModes in Sequence 8.6 Test Mode 6 - SingleTrack Punching 5.2 SelectMode Directly 8.7 Test Mode 7 - ContinuousTest Tape Punching 5.3 ChangeParameter Value 5.4 ProgramModes 1 to 4 9. INTERFACE CONNECTIONS 5.5 ProgramMode 5 9.1 Data l/O Connectors 5.6 Program Modes6 and 7 9.2 Current Loop Interface 5.7 ProgramModes B and 9 (Facit 4045 Combination 9.3 Initial Installation Only) 5.8 ProgramMode 12 5.9 ProgramModes 13 to 22 10. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION APPENDIXES 1. CODECONVERSION CHART (GENERAL) ASCIITO 5 TRACKTELEX 3. CODECONVERSION CHART (US) ASCil TO ErA (RS244) 2. CODECONVERSION CHART (NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL) 4. CODECONVERSION CHART (US) ASCI1 TO 5 TRACK TELEX ASC]ITO 8 TRACKTELEX (RS35B) 1. INTRODUCTION The Facit4046 is a papertape punchfor punching5 to g track Facit4046/4047 has a bufferof 3.5K capacity.The buffercan be tapes.Five track is normallyused to punchtelextapes and g- sharedbetween the two l/O ports. trackmostly for punchingNC-programs. The punchingspeed Codeconversion can be pertormed.The codes included are the is 60 charactersper second. two usedNC codes ISO and EIA and the nationalversionsof the The Facit4047 is a reader/punchcombination. lt can readand telexcode. punch5 to 8 tracktapes. The punchingspeed is 60 characters A smallkeyboard and status display are incorporated at thetop per secondand the readingspeed is 120characters per second. of the unit;with this all operatingsystem parameters may be quicklyand easily entered with no necessityto changepc board Both units are designedas stand alone units for table top DIP switch settings.The statusdisplay clearly indicates the mounting.Two standardl/O ports are availablewith CCITT unit'scurrent operating status, and also shows simpleerror V 24/RS-232-Cserial interface. messages. FCC Class A Computing Device: Information to User WARN ING This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not rnstalledand used in accordancewith the instructionmanual, may cause interferenceto radio communications.lt has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of part 15 of FCC Rules,which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interferencewhen operated in a commercial environment.Operation of this equipment in a residentialarea is likelyto cause interference,in which case the user at his own expense will be requrredto take whatever measures may be necessary ro correct the interference. Caution Compliancewith FCC regulationson RadiatedEmissions(RFl) requires use of a shielded peripheral-to-host cable. 2. DESIGNAND CONSTRUCTION 2.1 Brief Description The punched tape emergesfrom the exit slot at the left of the unit; no specialarrangement is includedfor handling the TheFacit 4046 is shownin fig. 1.The blank tape is containedon punched tape. a standardspool at the top rearof the unit,with the tape feed and punchmechanism housed under a covertowards the front of the machine.A semi-transparentlid coversthe tape spool A tape cutter is fitted in the punched tape exit slot. The tape during normaloperation, and the amount of tape left on the is torn off againstthis cutter to leavea 'V'at the end of the spoolcan easily be seenwithout raising the lid. tape; th is enables the start and f inish of the tape to be correctly identified. TAPE FEED AND PUNCH MECHANISM PUNCH FEED SLOT MAINS AND I/O CONNECTOR PANEL v PUNCH OPENING PEG CHAD BOX Fig. 1 Facit4046 LID BLANK TAPE SPOOL TAPE FEED AND PUNCH MECHANISM PUNCH FEED SLOT MAINS AND I/O CONNECTOR PANEL STATUS DISPLAY OPERATOR KEYBOARD PUNCH OPENING PEG TAPE READER EXIT SLOT HEAD CHAD BOX Fig.2 Facit4047 Reader/Punch Combination The chad box is locatedat the front left of the unit and may 2-2 PunchTape Handling beremoved by pullingit out f romthe top. The tape path through the punch is shown in fig- 3. The blank tape leavesthe spool and passesaround a pulley on the The operator'skeyboard and statusdisplay are situatedon tape guide arm. The guide arm applies a progressivelyacting top of the unit in front of the lid. brake which operates on the tape bobbin. This operates to ensure that tape fed through the punch is maintained at a Themains ON/OFF switch, supply fuses and l/O connectorsare constant tension to ensure accuracy and consistency of fittedon the rearpanel of the unit. punching. The Facit4047 Reader/Punch Combination is shown in fig. 2. The readerhead is mountedat the frontof the unit nextto the Tape Low and Tape End chad box. Whelr the punch tape supply is low, the error message'Lo' 5 appears in the display. When the tape is exhausted,or if a wards by hand as far as possible(see fig. 3). jam occurs in the feed mechanism,the message'Err' blinks (4) Pushupwards the two punch opening pegs(located one on of f in the display. and at each side of the punch housing - see.f igs. 1 and 2), and pull forward the punch assemblyto open the tape 2.3 PunchTape Loading feed and punch slot (seef ig. 3). With mains power switched OFF, load tape onto the punch (5) Lead the tape around the guide pulleys and drop it tape holder as follows (seefig. 3). into the tape feed and punch slot. (11 Move the tape guide arm until it touchesthe magnetic (6) Push back the punch assemblyto close the tape feed catch. This action applies the brake to the tape bobbin and punch slot. and frees the feed punch tape and mechanism. l7l Releasethe tape guide arm from the magnetic catch. Pull out 2 metres (6 feet) from new l2l of tape the reel (8) Switch the power ON and depressthe [FEED] key place and the reel onto the bobbin. until the tape is taut, and feeding correctly from the (3) Lock the bobbin by pushing the centre section down- spool. GUIDE EOBBIN BLANK TAPE SPOOL TAPE LOW DETECTOR PULLEYS TAPE FEED A ND PUNCH SLOT ,-IFEEI I IIUL_JL-JI || lD[[l " ltrrnl GUIDE PULLEY MAGNETIC PUNCH FEED TAPE GUIDE ARM CATCH SLOT OPEN R ELEASE BOBBIN LOCK Fig. 3 PunchTape Loading 6 50 Chorocters = 127mm = 5 rnches f|+l+rfi '1li-++11r1+11 I I |+ l rl+1f++1rr I I, I f + + + + 1 t + ' r++++++t FACTT FACTT sOTH FEED FEED HOLE o o HOLE (ACCURATE) CENTRED ON GRID I o e 4.5%lncceernale r LIMITS @ p +o.50/o I Fig. 4 Check lntercharacterSpacing 2.4 PunchingAccuracy sprocket teeth engagein the tape feed holes to pull the tape pastthe head. The accuracyof punching can be checkedby usingthe Facit template part no. 1114 00 50-00/0 as shown in fig.4. lt is An indicator lamp on the readerhead is lit to show that the recommended that this check is carried out approximately optical readerlamp is on. every 50th tape reel used. The tape can be run quickly through the reader either forwards or backwards, without data being read, by de- (1) punched Lay the tape on the template as shown in pressingthe IFF] or IFB] key respectively. fig. 4, with a feed hole accurately centred on the leftmost vertical line. ReaderError (21 Examine the 50th feed hole on the rightmost vertical A malfunction of the tape reader mechanism stops the (i.e. line. lf this line is visible within the hole, within transmissionof data and the message'Err'blinks on and off 1 0.5%), the punch accuracyis acceptable. in the display. (3) lf the,rertical line is not visible (i.e. outsidet 0.5%) the punch mechanismrequires servicing. 2.6 ReaderTape Loading (FacitM7 CombinationOnly) Paper tape is loaded into the readeras follows (seefig.5): 2.5 ReaderTape Handling(Facit M7 (1) Raise the lift bar to open the entry and exit guides. GombinationOnly) (21 Put the tape into the reader and over the d rive sprocket. The tape path through the readeris shown in fig.5. The tape passesunder the entry guide wire, through the tape width (3) Lower the lift bar to hold the tape in position; ensure selector (adjustableto suit 5,617 and 8 channel tapes),past that the tape feed holes are engagedcorrectly in the the reader head and over the drive sprocket.
Recommended publications
  • Teletypewriter Communication Codes
    Teletypewriter Communication Codes Gil Smith [email protected] 2001 (Document Notes) Abstract Preliminary -- 5/01 gil smith Corrections or comments to [email protected] This information is pulled from a variety of sources, such as various emails of the greenkeys group. For more discussion of teletypewriter code development, see: http://www.nadcomm.com/fiveunit/fiveunits.htm http://fido.wps.com/texts/codes/index.html http://www.science.uva.nl/faculteit/museum/DWcodes.html FIVE-UNIT CODES: USTTY and ITA2 (aka BAUDOT) There were a few variations in character codes for five-level teletypewriter machines. The two most-common character codes were ITA2 and USTTY (a variation of ITA2). The USTTY and ITA2 5-level teletypewriter codes are commonly referred to as "Baudot" codes. While this is technically incorrect, these popular 5-level codes evolved from the work of Jean Maurice Emile Baudot of France - - it seems fitting to accept the defacto reference to "Baudot" as implying USTTY or ITA2 codes, since they were the 5-level codes that saw practical use in teletypewriter systems. However, the true Baudot code dates to around 1874, when Baudot designed the "Baudot Multiplex System," a printing telegraph. The system used a 5-level code generated by a device with five keys, operated with two left-hand fingers, and three right-hand fingers -- this required great skill on the part of the operator who entered the code directly. However, it was still a major improvement in communications -- prior to Baudot's design, communication was carried out using Morse code with a telegraph key. The 5-level "Baudot" code was actually designed by Johann Gauss and Wilhelm Weber.
    [Show full text]
  • IBM 1401 System Summary
    File No. 1401-00 Form A24-1401-1 Systems Reference Library IBM 1401 System Summary This reference publication contains brief descriptions of the machine features, components, configurations, and special features. Also included is a section on pro­ grams and programming systems. Publications providing detailed information on sub­ jects discussed in this summary are listed in IB~I 1401 and 1460 Bibliography, Form A24-1495. Major Revision (September 1964) This publication, Form A24-1401-1, is a major revision of and obsoletes Form A24-1401-0. Significant changes have been made throughout the publication. Reprinted April 1966 Copies of this and other IBM publications can be obtained through IBM Branch Offices. Address comments concerning the content of this publication to IBM Product Publications, Endicott, New York 13764. Contents IBM 1401 System Summary . ........... 5 System Concepts . ................ 6 Card-Oriented System .... ......... 11 Physical Features. 11 Interleaving. .. .................................... 14 Data Flow.... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. ................... 14 Checking ................................................... 15 Word Mark.. ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ........... 15 Stored-Program Instructions. .................. 15 Operation Codes . .. 18 Editing. .. ............ 18 IBM 1401 Console ............................................ 19 IBM 1406 Storage Unit. ........................... 20 Magnetic-Tape-Oriented System . ........................... 22 Data Flow .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Programs for the Digitizing ~ and Using of Library Tapes of Ship 1 Stress and Environment Data
    SC-237 I I COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR THE DIGITIZING ~ AND USING OF LIBRARY TAPES OF SHIP 1 STRESS AND ENVIRONMENT DATA I This document has been approved for public release and sale; its distributionis unlimited. SHIP STRUCTURE COMMITTEE 1973 SHIP STRUCTURE COMMITTEE Ati INTERAGENCY ADVISORY COMMITTEE DEOICATEO TO IMPROVING THE STRUCTURE OF SHIPS MEMBER AGENCIES, ADDRESS CORRESPOtlOENCE TO: LINIICDSTATESCOASTGUARD SECRSIARY NAVALSI+IPSYSTEMSCOMMAND SHIP STRUCTURE COMMITTEE MIIITARYSEALIFTCOMMAND u.S.COASTGUARDHEADOUARIERS MAII1!MEADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D.c.XM4k 20590 AMFRI(:ANBUREAUOFStilppING I This report k the companion to SSC 236, a Method for Digitizing, Preparing and Using Library Tapes of Ship Stress and Environment Data, and cent ains the details of the conversion program which has been developed to increase the usefulness of full scale hull s tress, ship motion and environmental information which has been obtained over the last several years. Rear Admiral, U. S. Coast Guard Chairman, Ship Structure Committee SSC-237 Final Technical Report on Project SR-187, “Ship Response Data Study” PART II COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR THE DIGITIZING AND USING OF LIBRARY TAPES OF SHIP STRESS AND ENVIRON- MENT DATA by Aldie E. Johnson, Jr. James A. F1aherty Isaac J. Walters Teledyne Materials Research under Department of the Navy Naval Ship Engineering Center Contract No. NOO024-69-C-5161 This document has been approved for public release and sale; its distribution is unlimited. U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters Washington, D.C. 1973 ABSTRACT Details of computer programs and their operating instructions are given for the processing of logbook-type data and associated analogue stress signals into digital format. The logbook data is keypunched, edited and formatted for subsequent merging with the analogue signal which has been pro- cessed through an Analogue-to-Di gital (A/D) converter.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Teleprinters and Punched Tape Equipment
    1st Edition . April 1956 2nd Edition . January 1958 Digital Recreation - Sam Hallas (G8EXV): April 2008 BULLETIN PT56 (Ed. 2) . JANUARY 1958 an introduction to TELEPRINTERS and PUNCHED TAPE EQUIPMENT TELEGRAPH HOUSE CROYDON, ENGLAND TELEPHONE : CROYDON 2121 (10 LINES) TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS : CREDO, TELEX, CROYDON TELEX : 28836 © 1958 by Creed & Company Limited 1 2 CONTENTS PAGE 5 Introduction Part I: Teleprinters A. BASIC PRINCIPLES 7 Definitions 7 Intelligence 9 Teleprinter Code 11 Start-Stop Principle 11 Telegraph Signals 17 Telegraph Speed B. OUTLINE DESCRIPTION OF A TELEPRINTER 15 Stages of Transmission 16 Keyboard 16 Receiver Part II: Punched Tape Equipment C. PUNCHED TAPE TECHNIQUE 20 Kinds of Punched Tape 22 Methods of Coding Information on Punched Tape D. TYPES OF PUNCHED TAPE EQUIPMENT 28 Keyboard Perforators 30 Tape Readers 34 Perforator-Readers 35 Reperforators 39 Auxiliary Equipment E. APPLICATIONS TO DIGITAL COMPUTERS 41 Input Preparation 48 Input Transmission 49 Output Recording and Printing F. FURTHER PUNCHED TAPE APPLICATIONS 50 Punched Tape-Punched Card Systems 50 Mechanised Addressing Equipment 51 Process Control 3 4 INTRODUCTION Creed Teleprinters and Punched Tape equipment were originally developed for use in the telegraph communication field and they have been increasingly used ever since in telegraph systems all over the world. During recent years, however, their use has been extended beyond this tradi- tional field to a rapidly growing number of non-telegraphic applications such as the provision of input and output facilities for digital computers and the increased automatisation of existing systems such as punched card accounting and mechanised addressing. As a result of this sudden increase in the number of applications that are being found for Teleprinters and Punched Tape, considerable interest is being shown in this equipment by engineers and others who wish to discover whether it can be applied to their own special problems but who lack sufficient knowledge of the basic principles involved to permit them to do this.
    [Show full text]
  • Nsa/Css Policy Manual 9-12 Storage Device Sanitization and Destruction Manual
    UNCLASSIFIED NSA/CSS POLICY MANUAL 9-12 STORAGE DEVICE SANITIZATION AND DESTRUCTION MANUAL PUBLICATION INFORMATION DATE: 4 December 2020 (See Document History.) OFFICE OF PRIMARY Center for Storage Device Sanitization Research INTEREST: (301) 688-1053, 977-7113 (secure) RELEASABILITY: NSA/CSS Policy Manual 9-12 is approved for public release. The official document is available on the Office of Policy (P12) website (“go policy”). AUTHORITY: Anne Neuberger, Director, Cybersecurity ISSUED: 4 December 2020 PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1. This policy manual provides routine guidance for sanitization of information system (IS) storage devices for disposal or recycling in accordance with Department of Defense (DoD) Manual 5200.01, Volume 3, “DoD Information Security Program: Protection of Classified Information” (Reference a), Intelligence Community Standard 500-34, “Electronic Waste (E- Waste) Management and Disposal” (Reference b), and NSA/CSS Policy 9-12, “Storage Device Sanitization and Destruction” (Reference c). Information stored on these devices may range from UNCLASSIFIED to TOP SECRET and may include compartmented, sensitive, or limited- distribution material. Furthermore, this manual provides information about how to obtain current listings of evaluated sanitization equipment that meets NSA/CSS specifications. 2. This manual applies to all NSA/CSS elements, contractors, and personnel, and pertains to all IS storage devices that they use. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Policy Manual 9-12 4 December 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS Publication Information ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Univac Scientific Computing System Model 1103A, 1957
    Optional Equipment Optional Equipment The computing system . The Input Section feeds rapid access magnetic core memory, a large capacity data and computer instructions into the system. drum memory, and for maximum storage capacity This section receives data from a wide variety of . ..magnetic tape. The Arithmetic Section. sources, among which are magnetic tape, punched When the computing process (referred to as the cards, or on punched paper tape. The Con- program) has been initiated, the arithmetic section trol Section is the "organizer" for all of the processes performs all of the operations of addition, sub- occurring within the computing system. This section traction, multiplication, and division . as well receives all of the instructions which the computer as some strictly logical operations such as shifting, is to carry out, interprets them, and directs their logical addition, and logical multiplication. This execution. The Storage Section receives and section produces the answers to the mathematical stores all of the data which is to be operated upon. problems. Output Section. The results of Its most important function is to store all of the the computations are transmitted to one or more information and instructions which will be used in units of output equipment. This equipment may the solution of the problem. This section supplies store results on magnetic tape, on punched cards, these data to the other sections in the computer on punched paper tape, or print the information as required. All information stored within the com- on rolls or continuous forms in several copies. The puter is easily accessible through a system of data may also be translated into plotted graphs or unique addresses.
    [Show full text]
  • Network Storage 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    NETWORK STORAGE 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK James OReilly | 9780128038659 | | | | | Network Storage 1st edition PDF Book Sorry, this product is currently out of stock. Electricity transmission and distribution systems carry electricity from suppliers to demand sites. Categories : Network-attached storage Server appliance Software appliances. Updating Results. Clustered NAS, like a traditional one, still provides unified access to the files from any of the cluster nodes, unrelated to the actual location of the data. Following the Newcastle Connection, Sun Microsystems ' release of NFS allowed network servers to share their storage space with networked clients. NAS is designed as an easy and self-contained solution for sharing files over the network. Advanced grid technologies to sustain higher network efficiency and maintaining power quality and security are under development. NAS units rarely limit clients to a single protocol. Imprint: Morgan Kaufmann. Paper data storage media. Computer data storage server. This book explains the components, as well as how to design and implement a resilient storage network for workgroup, departmental, and enterprise environments. All Pages Books Journals. Jim is currently a consultant specializing in storage systems, virtualization, infrastructure software, and cloud hardware. All Pages Books Journals. Enterprise storage architects, designers, and managers, as well as executives will find "Resilient Storage Networks" both interesting and informative. President, Volanto, USA. IT managers and administrators, network system sales and marketing staff, network system integrators and support staff, Networking students, faculty, and researchers. Be the first to write a review. About Overview Electricity transmission and distribution systems carry electricity from suppliers to demand sites. In an appropriately configured RAID array, a single bad block on a single drive can be recovered completely via the redundancy encoded across the RAID set.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of the Data Systems Autochemistâ® (ACH) And
    244 © 2014 IMIA and Schattauer GmbH The History of the Data Systems AutoChemist® (ACH) and AutoChemist- PRISMA (PRISMA®): from 1964 to 1986 L. Ohlsén, I. Jungner, H. E. Peterson Stockholm, Sweden Summary mass scale using complete laboratory automa- 1 Introduction tion [9-12]. In 1962-64, the Swedish National Objectives: This paper presents the history of data system develop- During the 1950’s, the demand for labora- Board of Health entrusted them to carry out ment steps (1964 – 1986) for the clinical analyzers AutoChemist®, tory analyses drastically increased among blood analyses - 12 tests - on 90,000 Swedes, and its successor AutoChemist PRISMA® (PRogrammable Individual- primary care providers and hospitals. The aged 25 and above: the Varmland Project [12- ly Selective Modular Analyzer). The paper also partly recounts the workload at many laboratories became an 17]. For this purpose, the Jungner brothers history of development steps of the minicomputer PDP 8 from Digital increasing burden. An important evolution built a special equipment system capable of Equipment. The first PDP 8 had 4 core memory boards of 1 K each was the invention in 1957 by Skeggs [1) of performing automatic blood analyses with a and was large as a typical oven baking sheet and about 10 years the discrete sample analyzer (offered since fixed analyses program, the first 12-channel later, PDP 8 was a “one chip microcomputer” with a 32 K memory 1958 for sale as AutoAnalyzers® from Tech- multi-analyzer [12]. This was comprised in chip. The fast developments of PDP 8 come to have a strong influence nicon Instruments Corp.).
    [Show full text]
  • Creed and Company Limited
    Creed and Company Limited. The First 50 years. by Alan G Hobbs, G8GOJ (Reprinted from the Spring 1962, Golden Jubilee issue of "Creed News" and later reprinted in BARTG Datacom Summer 1997.) Although this outline of Company history dates from 1912 (the year of our incorporation under the Companies Act), our story has its beginning around the turn of the century. In 1897 the founder, the late Frederick George Creed, then a young man of 26, came to Scotland with an idea for a revolutionary telegraph machine. Born in Mill Village, Nova Scotia, in 1871, Mr Creed began his career as a check boy for the Western Union Telegraph Company at Canso, Nova Scotia, where he taught himself cable and land line telegraphy. He later accepted a job as a telegraph operator with the Central and South American Telegraph and Cable Company in Peru. This in turn led to a transfer to that company’s office in Iquique, Chile, where, as a practical and often overworked telegraph operator, he found the equipment far from perfect and resolved to do something about it. Those were the days of hand-operated Morse key circuits and Wheatstone telegraphy. The latter system was speedy on the lines, being automatic in operation and based on the use of punched tape. Coding the message into punched tape for subsequent transmission was a boring and laborious job, however. The perforator was provided with three operating plungers - one for the dot, one for the dash, and one for the space. The operator, by striking these plungers with small rubber tipped mallets, one in each hand, made the appropriate perforations in the tape.
    [Show full text]
  • The Good Old Days Ewart Matthews
    The good old days Ewart Matthews It was my good fortune to be part of the earliest days of the computer age, from the birth - almost - of computers as we know them today. Of course I was not involved in the development of the initial concept, but came on the scene when computers were sufficiently advanced to be taken out of the hands of the "eggheads" and into the clutches of ordinary mortals. Someone, somewhere took a great leap forward and after years of experimentation, finally decided to allow a normal, business person to control one of these hideously expensive devices and use it to process business data. Installing and running a system You could not simply plug one of these behemoths in and boot in a program. Programs as such did not exist in the commercial world. Office and accounting work was done manually by clerks. At the start, no one knew how to make a machine do all the individual tasks that were being done manually. So, not surprisingly, many mistakes and disasters accompanied the learning process. Nor were there any compilers to put things together. You worked out what you wanted the machine to do in a rough kind of way using hand drawn charts, and then transposed this into a program, written in machine language. You typed the program into a typewriter that also punched paper tape. The paper tape was then fed into the computer on using a "high speed" tape reader. This was followed by an agonising process of trial and error, using sample data, before live data was used to produce a real result.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Creed Teleprinters 1966
    .--------------------. r I ' An introduction to Creed teleprinters and punched paper tape equipment An introduction to Creed teleprinters and punched paper tape equipment CONTENTS Introduction What is a teleprinter?- The teleprinter code 2 Start/stop principle- Telegraph signals 3 Telegraph speed- Outline description of a teleprinter- Stages of transmission 4 Keyboard - Receiver 5 Punched tape technique- Kinds of punched tape- Methods of coding information on punched tape 6 Applications to digital computers­ Input preparation- Manual tape preparation- Tape editing 10 Output recording and printing­ Model Seventy-five interpreter set­ Model Seventy-five 5-wire reproducer set 11 The equipment- A short introduction to each of the major Creed machines 12 Glossary of terms 16 INTRODUCTION Creed teleprinters and punched paper tape equipment were originally devel­ oped for use in the telegraph com­ munication field and they have been increasingly used ever since in telegraph systems all over the world. During recent years, however, their use has been extended beyond this traditional field to a rapidly growing number of non-telegraphic applica­ tions such as the provision of input and output facilities for digital com­ puters and the automation of existing systems such as punched card accounting and mechanised addressing. As a result of this sudden increase in the number of applications that are being found for teleprinters and punched tape, considerable interest has been shown in this equipment by engineers and others who wish to discover whether it can be applied to their own special problems. This bulletin has been written princi­ pally for such readers and others who need to know of the basic principles used in teleprinter communications systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Vectrex Punched Paper Tape up from the Depths
    VECTREX THE ULTIMATE RETROGAMING MACHINE PUNCHED PAPER TAPE DATA STORAGE FOR REAL MEN UP FROM THE DEPTHS A TALE BY SHAUN M. WHEELER BOOTSTRAPPING OLD MACS A CRASH COURSE ON THE LININTOSH SERVER SOLDERING FOR BEGINNERS TONY FINK’S GUIDE TO NOT BURNING YOURSELF GROWING UP WITH A DRAGON 32 NO SUBSTITUTE FOR CHARM AND POISE #"6% HOW TO MAKE FRIENDS AND INFLUENCE PEOPLE IN THE 1980s by Dale Goodfellow Watty was impressed. ladies (well that would have came later, you ISSUE #1 - January 2010 understand - I was still a boy) and in general we have, I would state, a moral right to duplicate Ever since he realised, when we were about offer me many of the societal rewards that and distribute these historical works. I would also 10 years old, that I was in fact not ‘hard’ an eleven year old desires. FINDERS KEEPERS extend this to cover books and magazines, the but just fat, and had ‘battered’ me, I had an I know its theft, I just don’t care! recognised ephemera of all ages. apprehensive relationship with him. I always All of these things were easily within my felt that it could turn violent at any time. grasp... We may as well tackle this one straight off the bat. The people and the skills needed to start from To state the case; to make the point; to clarify the scratch on a Z80 and a 6502 are disappearing as sentiment; to justify our indifference to Intellectual each year passes. Individuals who, while having a Watty was impressed and this was good, as Only one thing stood in my way – I had a property rights..
    [Show full text]