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Efficient Motor Technology for the Home Appliance Industry

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Efficient Motor Technology for the Home Appliance Industry Efficient Motor Technology for the Home Appliance Industry By Hans-Jürgen Withopf, ebm-papst Hans-Jürgen Withopf, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) is product manager home appliance industry of ebm-papst Landshut GmbH. Legal requirements on energy efficiency of home appliances The conservation of energy in the white goods industry is driven by continuously enhancing legal requirements on minimum efficiency grades. The specific requirements on an international level vary depending on the laws, rules and directives in place. Situation in Europe which are listed here after: under revision / completion By implementing the directive t Lot 13 / 22nd July 2009: expected within 2016 2005/32/EC the European Commission Regulation (EC) t Lot 16 / 3rd October 2012: Parliament established in July 2005 No 643/2009 ecodesign Commission Regulation (EU) No a framework for the setting of requirements for household 932/2012 ecodesign requirements ecodesign requirements for energy- refrigerating appliances for household tumble driers using products (EuP). In October t Lot 14 / 10th November 2010: t Lot 25 / 22nd August 2013: 2009 it was extended to energy- Commission Regulation (EU) Commission Regulation (EU) No related products (ErP) in general No 1015/2010 ecodesign 801/2013 ecodesign requirements by directive 2009/125/EC. Within requirements for household for standby, off mode electric this so-called ErP process different washing machines Commission power consumption of electrical product groups became the subject Regulation (EU) No 1016/2010 and electronic household and of an assessment regarding their ecodesign requirements for office equipment – refers e. g. environmental footprint. Already, household dishwashers since to coffee machines two working plans (2009-2011 and 2014 for non- 2012-2014) have been concluded professional while the study to establish a third use one (2015-2017) has been initiated in January 2014. The final reports of this Ecodesign Working Plan study are in the process of being approved for publication. Several product groups related to the home appliance industry have been within the scope of the first two working plans. Several regulations of the European Commission have been the result of it setting minimum efficiency grades for the concerned appliances and BG 15 EC motor with axial fan blade. Source: ebm-papst International Appliance Manufacturing 2016 45 NiQ 32 - explosion view. Source: ebm-papst t Lot 22/Lot 23 / 14th January known by the European consumers. and updating these standards. 2014: Commission Regulation Furthermore it develops test (EU) No 66/2014 ecodesign Situation in the U.S. procedures and executes verification requirements for domestic ovens, One key element of the policy for testing. Like this it supports the hobs (cooktops) and range hoods improving energy efficiency in the Environmental Protection Agency U.S. is the appliance and equipment ENERGY STAR Program and All these regulations are submitted efficiency standards. The first the Federal Trade Commission for revision on a regular basis. standard was set on a state level in ENERGY GUIDE labeling. Actually California in 1974. One year later it 60 products representing 90 precent Requirements on minimum was followed by the Energy Policy of home energy use are part of it. efficiency grades have also been and Conservation Act (EPCA). A The standards program led to gains set for applications dedicated to special focus on energy conservation in energy efficiency of household professional use or are actually in standards was implemented with the appliances as follows: preparation like: amendment in 1979 and minimum t refrigerators – 75 percent less efficiency standards for household energy at 20 percent more storage t ENTR Lot 1 / 5th May 2015: appliances were established in 1987 capacity since 1973 Commission Regulation (EU) (National Appliance Conservation t clothes washers –70 percent less 1095/2015ecodesign requirements Act). The Department of Energy energy since 1990 for professional (DOE) is in charge of reviewing t dishwashers – 40 percent less refrigerated storage energy since 1990. cabinets, blast cabinets, condensing units and process chillers t Lot 24 draft document of Possible requirements for non-household washing machines, non-household textile dryers and non-household dishwashers Together with the ecodesign requirements the European Union established an energy efficiency labeling system for the respective appliances. These labels with their colored A, B, C classifications and in domestic refrigeration with their A+, A++ and A+++ categories are well- Radial blower for evaporator use with BG15 EC motor. Source: ebm-papst 46 International Appliance Manufacturing 2016 Since 2005 the DOE started to 2012 publication status focus on different rulemakings / residential dishwashers up-dates to enhance necessary 77 FR 65942 – final standard In conclusion it could be recognized test procedures. In 2013 the residential that the energy conservation President‘s Climate Action Plan clothes washers standards will continue to tighten in was announced. It foresees a 77 FR 59719 – final standard the coming years. reduction of carbon pollution by a compliance mandatory as of 2015 minimum of 3 billion metric tons respectively 2018 Like in the European Union a label cumulatively by 2030. This leads to was also introduced in the US to an acceleration of the rulemaking 2013 provide consumers information process. A goal was set to reach a microwave ovens about energy consumption, total of 26 standards rulemakings 78 FR 36316 – final standard / efficiency and operating cost. This between 2014 and 2016 covering 2016: 81 FR 7965 – correction label is called ENERGYGUIDE. Its 30 products and 10 more between notice development was mandated by the 2017 and 2020 covering an consumer clothes dryers Energy Policy and Conservation Act additional 12 products. 78 FR 49608 – final standard of 1975 and it was introduced for all compliance mandatory as of 1st products since 1980. Besides that The following examples are among July 2015 another voluntary one exists with these rulemakings for energy ENERGY STAR label. It sets more conservation standards: stringent requirements on energy 2014 saving than the ENERGYGUIDE. 2011 commercial clothes washers 79 FR 74492 – final standard residential refrigerators Usage of Efficient 76 FR 57516 – final standard compliance mandatory as of 1st compliance mandatory as of 15th January 2018 Electronically September 2014 conventional Commutated Motors cooking products Driven by a continuously tightened first standard set energy conservation policy EC 1990 / rulemaking motors are in the meantime started and in widely used in large white goods progress equipment. With its high electrical efficiency (typically between 45 2015 percent to 80 percent compared to residential low efficiency shaded-pole motors refrigerators - ice (typically between 15 percent to making final standard 20 percent which transform the compliance mandatory main part of its power consumption as of 1st January 2018 in dissipated heat and with a 2016 significantly reduced usage of miscellaneous resources (copper, electric sheets residential etc.) for their production they not refrigeration only have a positive effect on the rulemaking in progress CO2 foot print but also on the including wine sustainable usage of resources also chillers final shown as ecodesign in general. determination, pre- Refrigerators and Freezers The prime example of the successful Radial blower with BG 19 EC motor. Source: ebm-papst International Appliance Manufacturing 2016 47 implementation of EC technology BG43 sensorless BLDC motor. and product placement of small EC Source: ebm-papst motors in white goods applications are the refrigerators and freezers. As these appliances are permanently operated to store perishable goods for a reasonable time they are the most energy consuming domestic major appliances. Thus it has been clear that they have been in primary focus of energy conservation policies. As a consequence gaskets, compressors, controllers and other components have been improved to maximize efficiency. Vacuum panels started to be used as an alternative insulation, LED lighting was introduced in high-end and premium products and especially EC motors became very popular increasing significantly the efficiency of evaporator and condenser fan units whereupon mains supply driven ones permitted an easy drop-in replacement of the commonly used C-frame shaded-pole motors with engineers are in the position to their axial impellers. Dishwashers control its operational behavior in The main process of a dishwasher detail and to adjust it according to Another step forward to reduce is carried out by the spray arm the process requirements. energy consumption and additional operation; it moistens dried food noise emissions has been the residues and cleans the dishes. This development of smart radial blowers Kitchen Hoods is an energy consuming process. in EC technology to be fit into Variable speed capabilities make EC The usage of EC technology optimized air ducts. technology a perfect choice for such reduces the power consumption. kind of appliances which require a Furthermore, an adjustable Ovens correct setting to different working speed leads to further process But not only its energy saving conditions at any time to provide the optimization. capabilities makes EC technology highest comfort for the consumer. so smart. It offers a broader Besides a nice appearance in the Space is extremely limited in functionality
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