Our people - Census 2016 Murrumbidgee Local Health District Community Profile from the 2016 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census Release 2

Date: December 2017 Author: Kim Gilchrist, Epidemiologist, Public Health Unit, MLHD [email protected] Copies available: http://www.mlhd.health.nsw.gov.au/about/health-statistics/

Murrumbidgee Local Health District

ABN 71 172 428 618

Locked Bag 10, Wagga Wagga NSW 2650

Tel 02 6933 9100 Fax 02 6933 9188

Website www.mlhd.health.nsw.gov.au

Page 1 of 86 Release 2 Acknowledgements

Data were compiled for the Murrumbidgee region through: Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016 – Census of Population and Housing - Findings based on use of ABS TableBuilder data.

The report structure and some commentary was based on profiles published by: .id consulting pty ltd, Collingwood Australia http://home.id.com.au/

Further interactive reports for local government areas are available from .id consulting for: Albury City Berrigan Federation Griffith City Hilltops Murray Shire Council Murrumbidgee Council Wagga Wagga City council City of Wodonga

Individual Community Profiles for all LGAs and other geographies are available from the Australian Bureau of Statistics website: www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/D3310114.nsf/Home/2016%20Census%20Community%20Profiles

Page 2 of 86 Release 2 Contents Acknowledgements ...... 2 Key Points for Murrumbidgee ...... 4 The Murrumbidgee – Local Government Areas ...... 6 The Murrumbidgee – Population ...... 7 Population characteristics – Age structure Five year groups ...... 11 Age structure – Service age groups ...... 14 Population characteristics – Aboriginality ...... 16 Cultural Diversity - Ancestry...... 21 Cultural Diversity - Birthplace ...... 24 Cultural Diversity - Language ...... 29 Cultural Diversity - Religion ...... 35 Population characteristics – Need for assistance ...... 37 Unpaid care ...... 40 Household type ...... 42 Employment status ...... 46 Industry of employment ...... 49 Occupation of employment ...... 53 Volunteer work ...... 58 Unpaid domestic work ...... 60 Highest level of schooling ...... 62 Highest post school qualification ...... 64 Education institution attending ...... 66 Unpaid child care ...... 69 Weekly individual income ...... 71 Individual income quartiles ...... 73 Weekly household income ...... 75 Household income quartiles ...... 77 Selected Local Government Area Comparison ...... 80

References ...... 84 Appendix 1 - Remoteness ...... 85

Page 3 of 86 Release 2 Key Points for Murrumbidgee Below are results from the 2016 Australian Census of Population and Housing compiled for the Murrumbidgee LHD from its constituent Local Government Areas and the Statistical Areas making up the Lake Cargelligo part of Lachlan Shire. Please note the data for Murrumbidgee do not include Albury LGA. Murrumbidgee compared to NSW Larger percentage of Aboriginal people 4.8% compared to 2.9% Larger percentage of Seniors (70 to 84 yrs) 11.2% compared to 8.9% Larger percentage of Empty nesters and retirees (60 to 69 yrs) 12.6% compared to 10.8% Smaller percentage of Young workforce (25 to 34 yrs) 11.1% compared to 14.3% Smaller percentage of people born overseas 8.6% compared to 27.6% Larger percentage of people born overseas arrived since 2006 37.0% compared to 13.2% Smaller percentage of people speak English only 85.9% compared to 68.5% Larger percentage of households were people living alone 25.8% compared to 22.4% Smaller percentage of households were couples with children 25.4% compared to 31.5% Smaller percentage of the labour force were unemployed 4.8% compared to 5.9% Smaller percentage of persons employed as Professionals 14.6% compared to 23.6% Higher proportion of people who volunteered for an organisation or group 24.7% compared to 18.1% Smaller percentage of persons who completed year 12 or equivalent 34.1% compared to 52.1% Smaller percentage of residents attending university 2.3% compared to 5.0% Lower proportion of people earning a high income 7.0% compared to 12.2% Smaller proportion of high income households 12.8% compared to 23.1%

Changes in Murrumbidgee from 2011 to 2016 Total population included in the Census + 8,215 people Population over 15 years + 9,408 people Aboriginal population + 2,021 people Empty nesters and retirees (60 to 69 yrs) + 3,895 people Seniors (70 to 84 yrs) + 3,145 people Young workforce (25 to 34 yrs) + 2,556 people Overseas born + 2,638 people Non-English speaking country of birth + 2,594 people Born in India + 703 people Born in Philippines + 558 people Speak a language other than English + 2,886 people Lone person households + 827 people One parent families +386 families Providing unpaid care to people with disability or old age +1,241 people Parents and homebuilders (35 to 49 yrs) - 2,102 people Secondary schoolers (12 to 17 yrs) - 1,356 people

Page 4 of 86 Release 2 Changes in Murrumbidgee from 2011 to 2016 Born in Australia - 3,837 people Speak Italian - 512 people Christian religion - 15,536 people No religion stated or reported + 22,933 people Couples with children - 815 households Community and personal service workers + 1,115 people Professionals +725 people Volunteers +3,153 people Completed Year 12 or equivalent +8,126 people Residents attending TAFE -1,591 people Higher income households + 3,778 households

Page 5 of 86 Release 2 Murrumbidgee Census 2016

Population Land area Population density 242,840 124,141 0.02

2 ABS ERP 2016 Km persons per hectare

The Murrumbidgee – Local Government Areas

Produced by Epidemiology, Public Health, Murrumbidgee LHD, August 2017, using ESRI ArcGIS software.

The Murrumbidgee Local Health District (LHD) and Murrumbidgee Primary Health Network (PHN) share a common boundary and constituent local government areas (LGAs) of which there are twenty complete and one partial, it does not include the LGA of Albury whose health services are administered by Victoria. The Murrumbidgee is located in the Riverina and Murray regions of southern central New South Wales. It borders Victoria to the south along the Murray River, Australian Capital Territory and Southern NSW LHD to the east and Page 6 of 86 Release 2 Far West and Western LHDs to the west and north. Murrumbidgee spans approximately 540 km east to west and 450 km north to south with a total area of 124,000 km2 covering approximately 15 per cent of NSW. The main administrative centre is in the city of Wagga Wagga which is around 450 km south-west of central Sydney, 170km west of Canberra and 460 km north of central Melbourne.

Estimated Resident Population (ERP) is based on the most recent Census figure and takes into consideration the migration, births and deaths occurring in an area for that year. It is used as the “official” estimate of an area’s population. The Usual Residents Population is the population characteristic data from the Census in August of the Census year – based on where that person usually resides – it is a snapshot or a survey of the population on Census night and usually under-estimates the actual population due to people missing the Census or being overseas on Census night.

The Murrumbidgee – Population Population Murrumbidgee - Total persons 2016 2011 Change Number Number 2011 to 2016 Estimated Resident Population 242,840 237,493 +5,347 Usual Resident Population (Census population) 237,771 229,556 +8,215

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Selected subpopulation categories Murrumbidgee - Total persons 2016 2011 Change (Usual residence) Population group Number % NSW Regional Number % NSW Regional 2011 to % NSW % % NSW % 2016 Males 118,376 49.8 49.3 49.2 114,491 49.9 49.3 49.3 +3,885 Females 119,395 50.2 50.7 50.8 115,073 50.1 50.7 50.7 +4,322 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander 11,461 4.8 2.9 5.5 9,440 4.1 2.5 4.7 +2,021 population Australian citizens 208,629 87.7 82.7 88.7 209,240 91.1 85.5 90.8 -611 Eligible voters (citizens aged 18+) 158,112 66.5 63.0 68.3 156,658 68.2 64.8 69.1 +1,454 Population over 15 191,382 80.4 81.5 81.6 181,974 79.3 80.7 80.6 +9,408

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 7 of 86 Release 2 Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Murrumbidgee Total persons ERP Annual change Change in Change in Year (ending June 20) Number number percent 2006 233,811 -- -- 2007 234,442 +630 +0.27 2008 235,114 +672 +0.29 2009 236,492 +1,378 +0.59 2010 237,244 +752 +0.32 2011 237,493 +249 +0.15 2012 238,539 +1,046 +0.43 2013 239,542 +1,003 +0.41 2014 240,688 +1,146 +0.47 2015 241,855 +1,167 +0.48 2016 242,840 +985 +0.41 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Estimated Resident Populations, ABS, 2017.

Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Estimated Resident Populations, ABS, 2017.

Page 8 of 86 Release 2 Estimated Resident Population (ERP) by LGA and age June 30, 2016 – Australian Bureau of Statistics 85 and Total LGA name 0-4 5–9 10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 over Persons

Berrigan 503 521 464 456 366 410 389 386 468 442 489 602 692 766 580 449 288 301 8572 Bland 370 476 418 351 282 300 331 330 370 329 384 463 388 357 254 240 183 205 6031 Carrathool 212 175 172 172 158 227 186 133 203 193 204 223 164 101 81 72 54 73 2803 Coolamon 271 310 347 253 198 185 150 231 264 271 323 306 250 291 272 207 171 103 4403 Edward River 518 596 550 513 504 495 437 428 583 541 563 710 632 553 404 380 263 281 8951 Federation 665 770 724 691 545 528 526 574 654 718 818 926 920 1069 796 643 444 400 12411 Greater Hume Shire 676 807 855 702 428 412 558 497 594 661 754 834 729 675 509 342 195 281 10509 Griffith 1909 1914 1849 1680 1663 1945 1776 1606 1613 1686 1695 1582 1444 1174 838 798 592 658 26422 Gundagai 615 721 758 629 521 479 572 557 644 634 746 810 808 815 659 598 323 397 11286 Hay 154 196 195 173 161 162 151 126 157 189 285 232 183 183 157 116 108 47 2975 Hilltops 1177 1331 1230 1177 950 884 898 986 1092 1169 1296 1296 1256 1354 993 760 494 498 18841 Junee 355 406 388 357 435 471 464 431 444 433 423 470 393 355 259 161 101 116 6462 Lake Cargelligo# 159 154 107 116 109 89 122 100 99 89 93 113 100 101 89 72 51 49 1813 Leeton 771 739 917 975 626 683 594 545 693 724 769 784 604 572 501 399 288 234 11418 Lockhart 209 245 224 180 95 131 131 151 187 196 229 250 229 220 169 139 109 88 3182 Murray River 701 697 640 637 447 558 612 524 612 745 775 888 928 918 862 595 381 367 11887 Murrumbidgee 224 282 297 248 194 257 180 214 246 277 274 312 220 231 188 136 82 71 3933 Narrandera 420 456 364 328 310 278 308 316 340 348 405 460 385 373 301 199 184 201 5976 Snowy Valleys 866 928 939 781 697 712 825 790 891 906 1053 1116 1031 982 752 575 392 408 14644 Temora 390 433 398 396 270 321 302 284 307 404 446 434 423 424 352 255 183 214 6236 Wagga Wagga 4521 4605 4174 4539 5351 4807 4350 3794 3884 3858 3750 3792 3377 2848 2148 1714 1173 1400 64085

MLHD (no Albury) 15686 16762 16010 15354 14310 14334 13862 13003 14345 14813 15774 16603 15156 14362 11164 8850 6059 6392 242840

Albury* 3520 3290 3205 3359 3748 3455 3384 3138 3231 3342 3183 3324 2995 2672 2139 1653 1212 1315 52165

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Estimated Resident Populations, ABS, 2017.

Notes:

* Albury is not included in the MLHD total.

# Lake Cargelligo is estimated based on the age/sex proportion the area made of Lachlan Shire in 2016 Census.

Page 9 of 86 Release 2 Annual change in Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Estimated Resident Populations, ABS, 2017.

Key points The major differences in the age structure of Murrumbidgee and NSW were:  Higher percentage of Aboriginal people (4.8% compared to 2.9% in NSW and 5.5% in regional NSW)  Higher percentage of Australian citizens (87.7% compared to 82.7% in NSW and 88.7% in regional NSW)  Higher percentage of eligible voters (66.5% compared to 63.0% in NSW and 68.3% in regional NSW)  Smaller percentage of the population aged 15 and over (80.4% compared to 81.5% in NSW and 81.6% in regional NSW) Major changes From 2011 to 2016, Murrumbidgee‘s Usual Resident Population grew by 8,215 and the ERP grew by 5,347. The largest changes in sub population categories of Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were:  Population over 15 years (+9,408 people)  Females (+4,322)  Males (+3,885)  Aboriginal people (+2,021)

Page 10 of 86 Release 2 Population characteristics – Age structure Five year groups The Age Structure of Murrumbidgee provides key insights into the level of demand for age based services and facilities such as child care. It is also an indicator of Murrumbidgee's residential role and function and how it is likely to change in the future. Five year age groups present a classic age profile of the population. Each age group covers exactly five years, which enables direct comparison between each group [1]. Age structure - Five year groups by gender Murrumbidgee Change 2011 to 2016 (usual residence) 2016 2011 Age in Five Year Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Groups 0-4 years 7556 7065 14621 7820 7724 15543 -264 -659 -922 5-9 years 8130 8004 16134 8009 7651 15660 +121 +353 +474 10-14 years 8001 7631 15632 8390 8002 16382 -389 -371 -750 15-19 years 7675 7189 14864 8270 7603 15869 -595 -414 -1005 20-24 years 6816 6560 13376 6647 6337 12981 +169 +223 +395 25-29 years 6587 6624 13211 5942 6085 12026 +645 +539 +1185 30-34 years 6512 6729 13241 5854 6011 11872 +658 +718 +1369 35-39 years 6243 6399 12642 6767 6821 13592 -524 -422 -950 40-44 years 7035 7013 14048 7045 7427 14475 -10 -414 -427 45-49 years 7175 7504 14679 7681 7679 15358 -506 -175 -679 50-54 years 7850 7799 15649 8120 7974 16093 -270 -175 -444 55-59 years 8293 8313 16606 7619 7346 14957 +674 +967 +1649 60-64 years 7817 7549 15366 7401 7031 14433 +416 +518 +933 65-69 years 7478 7189 14667 5953 5759 11716 +1525 +1430 +2951 70-74 years 5636 5726 11362 4916 5016 9924 +720 +710 +1438 75-79 years 4326 4683 9009 3593 3968 7558 +733 +715 +1451 80-84 years 2827 3395 6222 2673 3297 5973 +154 +98 +249 85-89 years 1675 2472 4147 1351 2165 3510 +324 +307 +637 90-94 years 612 1167 1779 363 913 1273 +249 +254 +506 95-99 years 114 337 451 59 251 318 +55 +86 +133 100 years and over 4 42 46 14 36 46 -10 +6 +0 Total 118376 119395 237771 114491 115073 229556 +3885 +4322 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 11 of 86 Release 2 Age structure - Five year groups Murrumbidgee - Total persons Change (Usual residence) 2016 2011 Population group Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2011 to 2016 0-4 years 14,621 6.1 6.2 15,543 6.8 6.4 -922 5-9 years 16,134 6.8 6.4 15,660 6.8 6.6 +474 10-14 years 15,632 6.6 5.9 16,382 7.1 6.8 -750 15-19 years 14,864 6.3 6.0 15,869 6.9 6.7 -1005 20-24 years 13,376 5.6 6.5 12,981 5.7 6.6 +395 25-29 years 13,211 5.6 7.0 12,026 5.2 6.5 +1185 30-34 years 13,241 5.6 7.2 11,872 5.2 7.1 +1369 35-39 years 12,642 5.3 6.7 13,592 5.9 7.2 -950 40-44 years 14,048 5.9 6.7 14,475 6.3 7.4 -427 45-49 years 14,679 6.2 6.6 15,358 6.7 7.3 -679 50-54 years 15,649 6.6 6.5 16,093 7.0 6.6 -444 55-59 years 16,606 7.0 6.3 14,957 6.5 6.1 +1649 60-64 years 15,366 6.5 5.6 14,433 6.3 4.8 +933 65-69 years 14,667 6.2 5.1 11,716 5.1 3.9 +2951 70-74 years 11,362 4.8 3.9 9,924 4.3 3.2 +1438 75-79 years 9,009 3.8 2.9 7,558 3.3 2.9 +1451 80-84 years 6,222 2.6 2.1 5,973 2.6 2.1 +249 85-89 years 6,423 2.7 2.2 5,147 2.2 1.7 +1276 Total 237771 100.0 100.0 229556 100.0 100,0 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Age structure - Five year groups

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 12 of 86 Release 2 Change in age structure – five year age groups, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Key points Analysis of the five year age groups of Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of people in the education/workforce age groups (aged 15 to 49 years) and a higher proportion of people in the older age groups (from 55 years and above). Overall 19.5 per cent of the population were aged 0 to 14 years and 20.1 per cent were aged 65 years or over compared to 18.5 per cent and 16.2 per cent in NSW respectively. The major differences in the age structure of Murrumbidgee and NSW were:  A larger percentage of people aged 65 to 69 years (6.2% compared to 5.1%)  A larger percentage of people aged 60 to 64 years (6.5% compared to 5.6%), 70 to 74 years (4.8% compared to 3.9%) and 75 to 79 years (3.8% compared to 2.9%)  A smaller percentage of people aged 30 to 34 years (5.6% compared to 7.2%)  A smaller percentage of people aged 25 to 29 years (5.6% compared to 7.0%)  A smaller percentage of people aged 35 to 39 years (5.3% compared to 6.7%) Major changes From 2011 to 2016, Murrumbidgee‘s population increased by 8,215 people (3.6%), This represent annual average population change of 0.72% per year over the period. The largest changes in age structure of Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were:  65 to 69 year olds (+2,951 people)  55 to 59 year olds (+1,649 people)  75 to 79 year olds (+1,451)  70 to 74 year olds (+1,438)

Page 13 of 86 Release 2 Age structure – Service age groups The Age Structure of Murrumbidgee LHD provides key insights into the level of demand for age based services and facilities such as child care. Service age groups divide the population into age categories that reflect typical life-stages. They indicate the level of demand for services that target people at different stages in life and how that demand is changing [1]. Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Babies and pre-schoolers (0 to 4) 14629 6.2 6.2 15541 6.8 6.6 -912 Primary schoolers (5 to 11) 22521 9.5 8.8 22095 9.6 8.8 +426 Secondary schoolers (12 to 17) 18493 7.8 7.1 19849 8.6 7.7 -1,356 Tertiary education and independence (18 to 24) 19021 8.0 9.0 18958 8.3 9.0 +63 Young workforce (25 to 34) 26452 11.1 14.3 23896 10.4 13.6 +2,556 Parents and homebuilders (35 to 49) 41360 17.4 20.0 43462 18.9 21.0 -2,102 Older workers and pre-retirees (50 to 59) 32243 13.6 12.8 31046 13.5 12.8 +1,197 Empty nesters and retirees (60 to 69) 30025 12.6 10.8 26130 11.4 10.0 +3,895 Seniors (70 to 84) 26598 11.2 8.9 23453 10.2 8.3 +3,145 Elderly aged (85 and over) 6426 2.7 2.2 5141 2.2 2.0 +1,285 Total 237768 100.0 100.0 229571 100.0 100.0 +8,197 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Age structure – Service age groups, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 14 of 86 Release 2 Change in age structure – service age groups, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Key points Analysis of the service age groups of Murrumbidgee LHD in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a higher proportion of people in the younger age groups (5 to 17 years), a smaller proportion of young workforce and parents/homebuilders (25 to 49 years) and a higher proportion of people in the older age groups (60+ years). Overall, 23.4% of the population were aged between 0 and 17, and 26.5% were aged 60 years and over, compared with 22.1% and 21.9% respectively for New South Wales. The major differences in the age structure of Murrumbidgee and NSW were:  A smaller percentage of Young workforce (11.1% compared to 14.3%)  A smaller percentage of Parents and homebuilders (17.4% compared to 20.0%)  A smaller percentage of Tertiary education and independence (8.0% compared to 9.0%)  A larger percentage of Seniors (11.2% compared to 8.9%)  A larger percentage of Empty nesters and retirees (12.6% compared to 10.8%) Major changes From 2011 to 2016, Murrumbidgee‘s population increased by 8,215 people (3.6%). This represents an annual average population change of +0.72% per year over the period. The largest changes in age structure of Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were:  Empty nesters and retirees (+3,895 people)  Seniors (+3,145)  Young workforce (+2,556)  Parents and homebuilders (-2,102)  Secondary schoolers (-1,356) Page 15 of 86 Release 2 Population characteristics – Aboriginality 11,461 people identified as Aboriginal in Murrumbidgee in 2016, making up 4.8 per cent of the population compared to NSW which has 2.5 per cent Aboriginal people. Murrumbidgee area makes up 3.2 per cent of the NSW population, however Murrumbidgee has 5.3 per cent of the Aboriginal population (2016). 109 people said that they spoke an Australian Aboriginal language at home, 62 of these spoke Wiradjuri, small numbers said they spoke Yamplatok (Torres Strait Creole) and Gamilaraay. Aboriginality Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Non-Aboriginal 208071 87.5 91.3 210107 91.5 92.5 -2036 Aboriginal Australians 11461 4.8 2.9 9440 4.1 2.5 +2021  Aboriginal 11081 4.7 2.8 9127 4.0 2.4 +1954  Torres Strait Islander 229 0.1 0.1 206 0.1 0.1 +23  Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander 151 0.1 0.1 107 0.0 0.0 +44 Not stated 18235 7.7 5.9 10023 4.4 5.0 +8212 Total population 237771 100.0 100.0 229556 100.0 100.0 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Aboriginality – Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Murrumbidgee NSW 100.0 91.3 87.5

80.0

60.0

40.0 Per cent cent Per the of population 20.0

7.7 5.9 4.8 2.9 0.0 Non-Indigenous Aboriginal Australians Not stated Aboriginality

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 16 of 86 Release 2 Aboriginality – By age group 2016 Murrumbidgee (usual residence) Number Per cent Age in Five Year Groups Non- Non- Aboriginal Aboriginal Not stated Total Aboriginal Aboriginal Not stated Total 0-4 years 1379 12245 988 14615 12.0 5.9 5.4 6.1 5-9 years 1456 13532 1139 16131 12.7 6.5 6.2 6.8 10-14 years 1337 13164 1123 15634 11.7 6.3 6.2 6.6 15-19 years 1189 12637 1046 14864 10.4 6.1 5.7 6.3 20-24 years 952 11430 994 13374 8.3 5.5 5.5 5.6 25-29 years 732 11528 960 13211 6.4 5.5 5.3 5.6 30-34 years 655 11605 980 13249 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.6 35-39 years 581 11149 903 12632 5.1 5.4 5.0 5.3 40-44 years 600 12414 1035 14049 5.2 6.0 5.7 5.9 45-49 years 552 13031 1099 14679 4.8 6.3 6.0 6.2 50-54 years 564 13931 1155 15646 4.9 6.7 6.3 6.6 55-59 years 469 14805 1326 16610 4.1 7.1 7.3 7.0 60-64 years 358 13755 1259 15372 3.1 6.6 6.9 6.5 65-69 years 288 13193 1184 14672 2.5 6.3 6.5 6.2 70-74 years 168 10244 946 11361 1.5 4.9 5.2 4.8 75-79 years 118 8116 781 9009 1.0 3.9 4.3 3.8 80-84 years 45 5585 585 6225 0.4 2.7 3.2 2.6 85-89 years 19 3690 440 4151 0.2 1.8 2.4 1.7 90-94 years 3 1585 198 1786 0.0 0.8 1.1 0.8 95-99 years 5 381 64 448 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 100 years and over 0 34 9 44 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 11470 208071 18235 237771 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 17 of 86 Release 2 Aboriginality by age group, Murrumbidgee 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Aboriginality by age group Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 18 of 86 Release 2 Change in identification of Aboriginality, Murrumbidgee, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points The Murrumbidgee has a higher percentage of people identifying as Aboriginal than NSW (4.8% compared to 2.9%) and a slightly lower percentage than Regional NSW combined (5.5%). The Aboriginal population in Murrumbidgee was significantly younger than the non-Aboriginal population, 36.4% of the Aboriginal population were aged 0 to 14 years, and 7.2% were aged 60 years and over, compared with 18.7% and 26.5% respectively non-Aboriginal people. A large proportion of the Murrumbidgee population did not state their indigenous status on the 2016 Census, 7.7% (18,235 people) compared to 5.9% of NSW. The major differences in the age structure of Aboriginal people to non-Aboriginal people in Murrumbidgee were:  A smaller percentage of people aged 65 year or over (5.6% compared to 20.6%)  A smaller percentage of people aged 35 to 64 years (27.2% compared to 38.0%)  A larger percentage of children aged 0 to 14 years (36.4% compared to 18.7%) The major differences in the age structure of Aboriginal people in Murrumbidgee and Aboriginal people in NSW were:  A larger percentage overall (4.8% compared to 2.9%)  Only very small differences were noted: more children age 0 to 14 years (36.4% compared to 34.4%); less people aged 20 to 34 years (20.5% compared to 21.6%) Note: the age structure of the 18,235 people in MLHD who did not give their indigenous status was very similar to the population who were non-Aboriginal.

Page 19 of 86 Release 2 Major changes From 2011 to 2016, Murrumbidgee‘s Aboriginal population increased by 2,021 people and the non-Aboriginal population decreased by 2,036, however the number of people not giving their indigenous status increased by 8,212 people. The population percentage of Aboriginal people increased from 4.1% in 2011 to 4.8% in 2016. The largest changes in Aboriginal status in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were:  People not stating their Aboriginality (+8,212)  Aboriginal people overall (+2,021)  Non-Aboriginal people (-2,036)

Page 20 of 86 Release 2 Cultural Diversity - Ancestry Ancestry defines the cultural association and ethnic background of an individual going back three generations. Ancestry is a good measure of the total size of cultural groups in Murrumbidgee regardless of where they were born or what language they speak [1].

Ancestry – Ranked by size Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 English 89800 37.8 30.8 88463 38.2 31.1 +1,337 Australian 71534 30.1 30.2 72887 31.5 32.1 -1,353 Irish 16274 6.8 9.9 16607 7.2 9.6 -333 Scottish 10233 4.3 7.8 8453 3.7 7.6 +1,780 Italian 8413 3.5 3.6 8857 3.8 3.6 -444 German 4688 2.0 3.2 5754 2.5 3.1 -1,066 Indian 2064 0.9 2.8 1248 0.5 2.0 +816 Chinese 1575 0.7 6.9 1098 0.5 5.5 +477 Filipino 1094 0.5 1.6 592 0.3 1.4 +502 Dutch 982 0.4 1.0 1177 0.5 1.1 -195

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Ancestry – totals Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Not stated 21,029 8.8 6.8 16,607 7.2 6.9 +4,422 Total people 237,771 231,518 Total responses +6,253 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 21 of 86 Release 2 Ancestry – Ranked by size, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Change in Ancestry, Murrumbidgee, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Page 22 of 86 Release 2

Key points Analysis of the ancestry responses of the population in Murrumbidgee LHD in 2016 shows that the top five ancestries nominated were:  English (89,800 people or 37.8%)  Australian (71,534 or 30.1%)  Irish (16,274 people or 6.8%)  Scottish (10,233 people or 4.3%)  German (311 people or 3.7%) The major differences between the ancestries of the population in Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A larger percentage of people with English ancestry (37.8% compared to 30.8%)  A smaller percentage of people with Irish ancestry (6.8% compared to 9.9%)  A smaller percentage of people with Scottish ancestry (4.3% compared to 7.8%)  A smaller percentage of people with Chinese ancestry (0.7% compared to 6.9%) Major changes The largest changes in the reported ancestries of the population in this area between 2011 and 2016 were:  Scottish (+ 1,780 persons)  English (+ 1,337 persons)  Australian (-1,353 persons)

Page 23 of 86 Release 2 Cultural Diversity - Birthplace Country of Birth data identifies where people were born and is indicative of the level of cultural diversity in the Murrumbidgee. The mix of Country of Birth groups is also indicative of historical settlement patterns, as source countries for Australia's immigration program have varied significantly over time [1]. Birthplace ranked by size – Overseas born Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 United Kingdom 4151 1.7 3.6 4273 1.9 4.0 -141 New Zealand 2159 0.9 1.6 2117 0.9 1.7 +42 India 2069 0.9 1.9 1366 0.6 1.4 +703 Italy 1497 0.6 0.7 1752 0.8 0.7 -255 Philippines 1189 0.5 1.2 631 0.3 1.0 +558 South Africa 651 0.3 0.6 565 0.2 0.6 +86 China (excludes SARs and Taiwan) 544 0.2 3.1 495 0.2 2.3 +49 Germany 541 0.2 0.4 567 0.2 0.4 -26 Netherlands 495 0.2 0.2 551 0.2 0.3 -56 Taiwan 390 0.2 0.2 47 0.0 0.1 +343

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Birthplace summary Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Total overseas born 20416 8.6 27.6 17778 7.7 25.7 +2638  Non-English speaking countries 12738 5.3 21.0 10144 4.4 18.6 +2594  Main English speaking countries 7670 3.2 6.7 7634 3.3 7.1 +36 Australia 195525 82.2 65.5 199362 86.8 68.6 -3837 Not stated 21831 8.3 6.9 12438 5.4 5.7 +7406

Total 237771 100.0 100.0 229572 100.0 100.0 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through PHIDU, 2017.

Page 24 of 86 Release 2 Birthplace ranked by size – Overseas born, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Change in Birthplace – Overseas born, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 25 of 86 Release 2 Overseas arrivals Murrumbidgee – Overseas born (usual residence) 2016

Year of arrival in Australia Number % NSW % Arrived 1900-1945 126 0.6 0.1 Arrived 1946-1955 1739 8.5 1.2 Arrived 1956-1965 2118 10.4 2.2 Arrived 1966-1975 2240 11.0 3.9 Arrived 1976-1985 1297 6.4 3.7 Arrived 1986-1995 1480 7.3 5.9 Arrived 1996-2005 2570 12.6 6.8 Arrived 2006-2015 7085 34.7 12.2 Arrived 1 Jan 2016 - 9 August 2016 478 2.3 1.0 Not stated 1290 6.3 1.4

Total 20423 100.00 100.0 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Recent Overseas Arrivals ranked by Country of Birth, 2016 Murrumbidgee – Overseas born Per cent Recent (usual residence) by COB Per cent arrivals as Not Arrived arrived of recent per cent of stated Per cent of

since since arrivals total (year of total 2006 2006 by COB population arrival) Total population Country of birth (top 15 recent)

India 1520 73.5 20.1 0.6 103 2069 0.9 Philippines 866 72.8 11.5 0.4 44 1189 0.5 New Zealand 560 25.9 7.4 0.2 136 2159 0.9 South Africa 378 58.1 5.0 0.2 20 651 0.3 England 368 10.9 4.9 0.2 184 3384 1.4 China (excludes SARs and Taiwan) 294 54.0 3.9 0.1 51 544 0.2 Taiwan 278 71.3 3.7 0.1 84 390 0.2 Afghanistan 214 88.4 2.8 0.1 13 242 0.1 Pakistan 202 78.0 2.7 0.1 9 259 0.1 Sri Lanka 191 71.0 2.5 0.1 13 269 0.1 Fiji 150 44.2 2.0 0.1 16 339 0.1 Malaysia 169 54.0 2.2 0.1 32 313 0.1 Myanmar 157 92.9 2.1 0.1 4 169 0.1 Thailand 124 65.3 1.6 0.1 13 190 0.1 Zimbabwe 110 60.4 1.5 0.0 9 182 0.1 Australia 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 195524 82.2 Country of birth not stated 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 21831 9.2 Total born overseas 7563 3.2 100.0 3.2 1290 20416 8.6

Page 26 of 86 Release 2 Overseas arrivals by year of arrival Murrumbidgee and NSW

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points A smaller percentage of the Murrumbidgee population were born overseas compared to NSW as well as a smaller proportion from Non-English Speaking countries. Overall 9.4 % of the population were born overseas and 6.5% were from non-English speaking countries compared with 27.6% and 21.0% respectively for New South Wales. Responses of the population in Murrumbidgee LHD in 2016 shows that the top five countries of birth nominated were:  United Kingdom (4,151 people or 1.7%)  New Zealand (2,159 or 0.9%)  India (2,069 people or 0.8%)  Italy (1,497 people or 0.6%)  Philippines (1,189 people or 0.5%) The major differences between the birthplace of the population in Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  Much smaller percentages of people were overseas born Major changes The largest changes in the reported birthplace of the population in this area between 2011 and 2016 were:  More people overseas born (+ 2638 persons)  More people overseas born from non-English speaking countries (+ 2,594 persons)  More people not stating their country of birth (+ 7406 persons)  More people born in India (+703)  More people born in Philippines (+558) Page 27 of 86 Release 2 Overseas born by year of arrival

The majority of Murrumbidgee residents who were born overseas arrived from January 2006 to August 2016 accounting for 37.0% of overseas arrival compared to 13.2% of arrival from NSW.  The largest number of recent arrivals were from India (1520 or 20% of recent arrivals)  The second largest number were from the Philippines (866 or 11.5% of recent arrivals)  92.9% of people arriving from Myanmar are recent arrivals  88.4% of people arriving from Afghanistan are recent arrivals  Although 4.9% of the new arrivals were from England this only made up 10.9% of all people born in England in the Murrumbidgee many having arrived between 1955 and 1975.  Other significant recent arrivals include those from North Africa and the Middle East (326 people, mostly Iran and Egypt) and sub-Saharan Africa (not including South Africa or Zimbabwe) with 220 people arriving since 2006.

Page 28 of 86 Release 2 Cultural Diversity - Language Proficiency in English measures the self-assessed proficiency in spoken English of people who speak a language other than English at home. The data, when viewed with other ethnic and cultural indicators reflects Murrumbidgee’s ethnic composition and how long the overseas born have been in Australia. This helps service providers determine whether they need to communicate with the local population in languages other than English [1]. Proficiency in English Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Speaks English only 204,198 85.9 68.5 207,845 90.5 72.5 -3,647 Speaks another language, and English well or very well 11,953 5.0 20.7 9,731 4.2 18.6 +2,222 Speaks another language, and English not well or not at all 2,521 1.1 4.5 1,857 0.8 3.9 +664 Not stated 19,100 8.0 6.3 10,133 4.4 5 +8,967 Total population 237,771 100.0 100 229,556 100.0 100 +8,215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Proficiency in English Murrumbidgee and NSW 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 29 of 86 Release 2 Proficiency in English Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Language spoken at home Murrumbidgee’s language statistics show the proportion of the population who speak a language at home other than English. They indicate how culturally diverse a population is and the degree to which different ethnic groups and nationalities are retaining their language. Murrumbidgee's language statistics should be analysed in conjunction with country of birth and English proficiency to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups in the area and the services required by the multicultural community.

Page 30 of 86 Release 2 Language spoken at home – ranked by size Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Italian 2622 1.1 1.0 3134 1.4 1.2 -512 Punjabi 1067 0.4 0.4 889 0.4 0.3 +178 Mandarin 901 0.4 3.2 364 0.2 2.0 +537 Arabic 623 0.3 2.7 516 0.2 2.7 +107 Malayalam 540 0.2 0.2 151 0.1 0.1 +389 Tagalog 478 0.2 0.6 254 0.1 0.5 +224 Filipino 405 0.2 0.3 212 0.1 0.3 +193 Cantonese 390 0.2 1.9 377 0.2 2.0 +13 Gujarati 317 0.1 0.3 155 0.1 0.2 +162 Afrikaans 312 0.1 0.1 240 0.1 0.1 +72 Samoan 302 0.1 0.2 281 0.1 0.2 +21 Spanish 283 0.1 0.8 238 0.1 0.8 +45 Hindi 274 0.1 0.9 217 0.1 0.8 +57 German 269 0.1 0.3 313 0.1 0.3 -44 Fijian 255 0.1 0.1 173 0.1 0.1 +82 Hazaraghi 216 0.1 0.1 27 0.0 0.0 +189 Tongan 203 0.1 0.1 231 0.1 0.1 -28 Urdu 196 0.1 0.4 151 0.1 0.3 +45 Greek 180 0.1 1.1 173 0.1 1.3 +7 Tamil 177 0.1 0.4 122 0.1 0.3 +55 Dutch 174 0.1 0.1 192 0.1 0.1 -18 French 160 0.1 0.3 119 0.1 0.3 +41 Korean 158 0.1 0.8 91 0.0 0.7 +67 Thai 152 0.1 0.3 94 0.0 0.2 +58 Vietnamese 146 0.1 1.4 112 0.0 1.3 +34 Sinhalese 143 0.1 0.2 66 0.0 0.1 +77 Non-verbal, so described 143 0.1 0.2 96 0.0 0.1 +47 Turkish 140 0.1 0.3 154 0.1 0.3 -14 Bengali 139 0.1 0.4 75 0.0 0.3 +64

Not stated 19489 8.2 6.3 10472 4.6 5.1 +9017 Total 237771 100.0 100.0 229556 100.0 100.0 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 31 of 86 Release 2 Language spoken at home – ranked by size Murrumbidgee and NSW 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Change in language spoken at home, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 32 of 86 Release 2 Language spoken at home by proficiency in spoken English, Murrumbidgee 2016 Speaks Language other than English and English:

Murrumbidgee Not well Don’t speak (usual residence) or not at English well Speak other Not well Not at all all or at all % language Total Language (top 10) Mandarin 400 83 483 53.6 901 Italian 341 41 382 14.6 2622 Punjabi 157 77 234 21.9 1067 Cantonese 98 21 119 31.1 143 Hazaraghi 91 22 113 52.3 383 Arabic 63 10 73 11.9 216 Gujarati 53 18 71 22.4 616 Malayalam 47 23 70 13.0 317 Turkish 41 16 57 40.7 540 Korean 45 6 51 32.3 140

Total English proficiency 1957 559 2521 17.8 14144

Key points A smaller percentage of the Murrumbidgee population speak a language other than English at home compared to NSW. Overall 85.9% of the population spoke English only and 6.1% spoke a language other than English at home and 1.1% had difficulty speaking English compared with 68.5%, 25.2% and 4.5% respectively for New South Wales. Responses of the population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 shows that the top five languages other than English spoken at home were:  Italian (2,622 people or 1.1%)  Punjabi (1,067 or 0.4%)  Mandarin (901 people or 0.4%)  Arabic (623 people or 0.3%)  Malayalam (540 people or 0.2%) The major differences between the languages spoken at home of the population in Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  English speaking only in Murrumbidgee 85.9% compared to 68.5% in NSW  Speaks other language and English well in Murrumbidgee 5.0% compared to 20.7% in NSW  Lower proportions of all other languages except Italian and Punjabi. Major changes There has been an increase in the number and proportion of the population who speak a language other than English at home in Murrumbidgee from the 2011 to 2016 and a decrease in the number who state English as their only language. The largest changes in the reported birthplace of the population in this area between 2011 and 2016 were:  More people speak other language and English well (+ 2222 persons)  More people speak other language and English not well or not at all (+ 664 persons)

Page 33 of 86 Release 2  More people did not state their language spoken at home (+ 8967 persons)  More people speak Mandarin (+537)  More people speak Malayalam (+389)  More people speak Tagalog (+224)  Less people speak English only (-3647)  Less people speak Italian (-512)

English proficiency

The majority of Murrumbidgee residents speak English at home. For those who speak another language and English:  The largest number of people who did not speak English well or at all were Mandarin speakers (483 or 53.6% of Mandarin speakers)  The second largest number of people who did not speak English well or at all were Italian speakers (382 or 14.6% of Italian speakers)  Significant proportions of people speaking some other languages do not speak English well or at all Hazaraghi (52.3%), Turkish (40.7%) and Korean (32.2%).

Page 34 of 86 Release 2 Cultural Diversity - Religion Murrumbidgee’s religion statistics provide an indicator of cultural identity and ethnicity when observed in conjunction with other key variables. Religion data reveal the major concentrations of religions as well as revealing the proportion of people with no religious affiliation. There are a number of reasons for different religious compositions across areas including the country of birth and ethnic background of the population, the age of the population (belief in religion is generally stronger, the older the population) and changes in values and belief systems [1]. Religion - Ranked by size Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Christianity 161547 67.9 55.2 177083 77.1 64.5 -15536 No religion 46258 19.5 25.1 29958 13.1 17.9 +16300 Not stated 23350 9.8 8.8 16717 7.3 7.7 +6633 Islam 1535 0.6 3.6 1031 0.4 3.2 +504 Other Religions 1529 0.6 0.9 1310 0.6 0.8 +219 Hinduism 1230 0.5 2.4 669 0.3 1.7 +561 Buddhism 1023 0.4 2.8 861 0.4 2.9 +162 Judaism 54 0.0 0.5 58 0.0 0.6 -4 No religion stated or reported 69608 29.3 33.9 46675 20.3 25.6 +22933 Total population 237771 100.0 100.0 229556 100.0 100.0 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Religion - Ranked by size, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 35 of 86 Release 2 Change in reported Religion, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of the religious affiliation of the population of Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a similar proportion of people who professed a religion and a lower proportion who stated they had no religion. Overall, 70.7% of the population nominated a religion, and 19.5% said they had no religion, compared with 66.1% and 25.1% respectively for New South Wales. The largest single religion in Murrumbidgee was Western (Roman) Catholic, with 30.1% of the population or 71,465 people as adherents The major differences between religions stated by the population of Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A larger percentages of nominated Christian religions  Smaller percentages of other non-Christian religions Major changes The largest changes in the religious affiliation of the population in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were for those who nominated:  Less people reported being Christian (-15,536)  More people reported having no religion (+16,300)  More people did not state a religion (+6,633)

Page 36 of 86 Release 2 Population characteristics – Need for assistance Murrumbidgee's disability statistics relate directly to need for assistance due to a severe or profound disability. The information may be used in the planning of local facilities, services such as day-care and occasional care and in the provision of information and support to carers. Murrumbidgee's disability statistics help in understanding the prevalence of people who need support in the community, and along with information on Unpaid Care to a person with a disability, how that support is provided. [1] Need for assistance with core activities by age Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 % of total % of total 2011 to Number age group NSW % Number age group NSW % 2016 0-4 years 164 1.1 1.1 157 1.0 0.9 +7 5-9 years 515 3.2 3.1 399 2.5 1.9 +116 10-19 years 906 3.0 2.9 720 2.2 1.6 +186 20-59 years 3313 2.9 2.7 3079 2.8 2.1 +234 60-64 years 976 6.3 6.8 968 6.7 5.8 +8 65-69 years 1061 7.2 8.2 797 6.8 6.5 +264 70-74 years 985 8.7 10.8 841 8.5 9.6 +144 75-79 years 1138 12.6 16.6 1054 13.9 15.5 +84 80-84 years 1277 20.5 26.9 1338 22.4 27.0 -61 85 and over 2693 41.9 45.9 2338 45.4 47.7 +355

Total persons needing assistance 13019 5.5 5.4 11690 5.1 4.2 +1329 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Need for assistance with core activities Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Total persons needing assistance 13019 5.5 5.4 11690 5.1 4.2 +1329 Total persons not needing assistance 203235 85.5 87.7 205648 89.6 89.2 -2413 Not stated 21521 9.1 6.9 12220 5.3 6.6 +9301 Total Population 237771 100.0 100.0 229556 100.0 100.0 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 37 of 86 Release 2 Need for assistance with core activities, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Change in need for assistance with core activities, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 38 of 86 Release 2 Key points Analysis of the need for assistance of people in Murrumbidgee compared to New South Wales shows that there was a similar proportion of people who reported needing assistance with core activities. Overall, 5.5% of the population reported needing assistance with core activities, compared with 5.4% for New South Wales. The major difference in age groups reporting a need for assistance between Murrumbidgee and New South Wales populations were:  A smaller percentage of people aged 80 to 84 years (20.5% compared to 26.9%)  A smaller percentage of people aged 85 and over (41.9% compared to 45.9%)  A smaller percentage of people aged 75 to 79 years (12.6% compared to 16.6%)  A larger percentage not stating their need (9.1% compared to 6.9%) Major changes The largest changes in reporting a need for assistance of the population in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were for those who nominated:  More people reporting a need assistance (+ 1,329)  More people reporting a need assistance aged 85+ years (+ 355)  More people reporting a need assistance aged 20 to 59 years (+ 234)  More people did not state their need (+9,301)  Less people were not in need of assistance (-2,213)

Page 39 of 86 Release 2 Unpaid care The proportion of people providing unpaid care for the aged and disabled in Murrumbidgee can be an important indicator of the level of demand for aged care services and facilities by local and state governments. An increasing proportion of carers among the population may indicate inadequate aged care provision, or the need for in-home support, or support for the carers themselves. [1] Unpaid assistance to a person with a disability, long term illness or old age Murrumbidgee – Persons aged 15+ Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Provided unpaid assistance 22986 12.0 11.6 21745 11.9 11.4 +1241 No unpaid assistance 145502 76.0 79.5 143468 78.8 79.9 +2034 Not stated 22910 12.0 8.9 16762 9.2 8.7 +6148 Total persons 15+ years 191398 100.0 100 181975 100.0 100 +9423 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Unpaid care 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 40 of 86 Release 2

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Key points Analysis of the unpaid care provided by the population of Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a similar proportion of people who provided unpaid care to family members or others. Overall 12.0% of the 15+ years population provided unpaid care, compared with 11.6% for New South Wales. Major changes The number of people who provided unpaid assistance to a person with a disability, long term illness or old age in Murrumbidgee increased by 1,241 between 2011 and 2016.

Page 41 of 86 Release 2 Household type Households with children require different services and facilities than other household types, and their needs change as both adults and children age. When many families in an area are at the same stage in their individual lifecycles, it creates a suburb lifecycle. Households without children include couples without children and lone person households. They require different services depending on the age of the people in the households. For example young couples who have not had children (yet) compared to older "empty nester" couples whose children may have left home. One parent household with dependent children and lone elderly person households are considered particularly vulnerable and more likely in need of assistance. [1] Household type Murrumbidgee – Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Couples with children 23,989 25.4 31.5 24804 27.0 31.7 -815 Couples without children 26,206 27.7 24.2 25,860 28.1 24.5 +346 One parent families 9,427 10.0 10.7 9,041 9.8 11.0 +386 Other families 829 0.9 1.2 822 0.9 1.2 +7 Group household 2,436 2.6 3.9 2,333 2.5 3.6 +103 Lone person 24,378 25.8 22.4 23,551 25.6 23.1 +827 Other not classifiable household 5,608 5.9 4.8 3,895 4.2 3.6 +1,713 Visitor only households 1,620 1.7 1.3 1,579 1.7 1.3 +41 Total households 94,493 100.0 100.0 91,885 100.0 100.0 +2,608 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Household type Murrumbidgee and NSW 2016

Murrumbidgee NSW

35.0

30.0

25.0

20.0

15.0

Per cent cent Per households of 10.0

5.0

0.0 Couples with Couples without One parent Other families Group household Lone person children children families

Household type

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 42 of 86 Release 2 Change in household type 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of the Household types in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a smaller proportion of couples with children and larger proportions of couples without children as well as lone person households which fits with the ageing demographic in Murrumbidgee. Overall in Murrumbidgee 25.4% of households were couples with children (31.5% for NSW), 27.7% were couples without children (24.2% for NSW) and 25.8% were lone person households (22.4% for NSW). The major difference in households types between Murrumbidgee and New South Wales populations were:  A smaller percentage of households were couples with children (25.4% compared to 31.5%)  A smaller percentage of households were group households (2.6% compared to 3.9%)  A larger percentage of households were people living alone (25.8% compared to 22.4%) Major changes The largest changes in household types in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were:  Less couples with children (-815)  More people living alone (+827)  More one parent families (+386)  More couples without children (+346)  More non-classifiable households (+1,713)  More households in total (+2,608)

Page 43 of 86 Release 2 Vulnerable households Certain household types are more likely to experience financial, social and healthcare stresses than others. Elderly people living alone are more likely to have lower incomes and be in need of care and support services, lone parent households are also more likely to be of lower income, the number of children adds more stress on the household. Key points  Almost one in four people aged 65 years and over was living alone in Murrumbidgee in 2016, this number rises with age to one in three people aged 85 years or over.  There were 2,100 people aged 85+ years living alone in Murrumbidgee in 2016  There were 8,634 people aged 70+ years living alone in Murrumbidgee in 2016  There were 5,245 one parent families with children aged less than 15 years in Murrumbidgee in 2016  One parent families made up 23.5% of families with children aged less than 15 years and 10% of all households  There were 1,511 one parent families living with three of more children aged less than 15 years in Murrumbidgee in 2016.

Lone person households by age of older population, Murrumbidgee 2016 Murrumbidgee (usual residence) 2016 Age Living alone Total persons Per cent by age 65-69 years 2558 14672 17.4 70-74 years 2321 11361 20.4 75-79 years 2261 9009 25.1 80-84 years 1951 6225 31.3 85 and over 2101 6429 32.7

Total 65+ years 11192 47696 23.5 Total 70+ years 8634 33024 26.1 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

One parent families by number of children under the age of 15 years, Murrumbidgee 2016. Murrumbidgee (usual residence) 2016 Families with children aged under 15 years Number of children One parent Total % One child in family 1906 36.3 Two children in family 1832 34.9 Three children in family 1016 19.4 Four children in family 342 6.5 Five children in family 125 2.4 Six or more children in family 28 0.5 100.0 Total 5245 22,317 23.5 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 44 of 86 Release 2

Lone person households by age One parent households by dependent children

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 45 of 86 Release 2 Employment status Murrumbidgee’s employment statistics are an important indicator of socio-economic status. The levels of full or part-time employment, unemployment and labour force participation indicate the strength of the local economy and social characteristics of the population. Employment status is linked to a number of factors including Age Structure, which influences the number of people in the workforce; the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area and; the education and skill base of the population (Occupations, Industries, Qualifications). [1] Employment status Murrumbidgee – Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Employed (total) 103653 90.4 88.2 102809 95.2 94.1 +844  Worked full-time 64839 56.5 55.7 65574 60.8 60.2 -735  Worked part-time 32430 28.3 28.0 30349 28.1 31.8 +2081  Hours of work not stated 6384 5.6 1.7 6885 6.4 2.1 -501 Unemployed (total) 5519 4.8 5.9 5131 4.8 5.9 +388  Looking for full-time work 3428 3.0 3.2 3215 3.0 3.5 +213  Looking for part-time work 2091 1.8 2.7 1916 1.8 2.4 +175 Labour force total 114691 100.0 100.0 107940 100.0 100.0 +6751 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Labour force status Murrumbidgee – Persons aged 15+ Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Labour force total 114691 59.9 62.9 107940 59.3 59.7 +6751 Not in the labour force 66130 34.6 34.3 64650 35.5 34.6 +1480 Labour force status not stated 16074 8.4 6.6 9390 5.2 5.7 +6684 Total persons aged 15+ years 191383 100.0 100.00 181975 100.0 100.0 +9408 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 46 of 86 Release 2 Employment status, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Change in employment status, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 47 of 86 Release 2 Key points The size of Murrumbidgee’s labour force in 2016 was 114,691, of which 32,430 were employed part-time and 64,839 were full time workers. Analysis of the employment status (as a percentage of the labour force) in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a higher proportion in employment, and a lower proportion unemployed. Overall, 90.4% of the labour force was employed (54.2% of the population aged 15+), and 4.8% unemployed (2.9% of the population aged 15+), compared with 88.2% and 5.9% respectively for New South Wales. The labour force participation rate refers to the proportion of the population aged 15 years and over that was employed or actively looking for work. Analysis of the labour force participation rate of the population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 shows that there was a lower proportion in the labour force (59.9%) compared with New South Wales (62.9%). The major differences between the labour force of Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A smaller percentage of people aged 15+ years in the labour force  A higher percentage of the labour force were employed (90.4% compared to 88.2%) and smaller percentage unemployed (4.8% compared to 5.9%). Major changes The largest changes in the labour force in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were:  More people in the labour force (+ 6,751)  More people not stating their labour force status (+ 6,684)  More people reporting being employed (+844)  More people working part time (+ 2,081)  Less people working full time (- 735)  Less people stating their hours worked (- 501)

Page 48 of 86 Release 2 Industry of employment Murrumbidgee’s industry statistics identify the industry sectors in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the skill base and socio-economic status of the residents as well as the industries and employment opportunities present in the region. When viewed in conjunction with Residents Place of Work data and Method of Travel to Work, industry sector statistics provide insights into the relationship between the economic and residential role of the area. [1] Industry sector of employment Murrumbidgee – Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 15111 14.6 2.1 15060 14.6 2.2 +51 Mining 567 0.5 0.9 558 0.5 1.0 +9 Manufacturing 9628 9.3 5.8 10420 10.1 8.4 -792 Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 1383 1.3 0.9 1509 1.5 1.1 -126 Construction 7386 7.1 8.4 6821 6.6 7.3 +565 Wholesale Trade 2419 2.3 3.1 3389 3.3 4.4 -970 Retail Trade 10055 9.7 9.7 11147 10.8 10.3 -1092 Accommodation and Food Services 6792 6.6 7.1 6791 6.6 6.7 +1 Transport, Postal and Warehousing 4485 4.3 4.7 4831 4.7 4.9 -346 Information Media and Telecommunications 622 0.6 2.2 664 0.6 2.3 -42 Financial and Insurance Services 1487 1.4 4.9 1718 1.7 5.0 -231 Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 898 0.9 1.8 942 0.9 1.6 -44 Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 3410 3.3 8.1 3235 3.1 7.9 +175 Administrative and Support Services 2765 2.7 3.5 2169 2.1 3.3 +596 Public Administration and Safety 6898 6.7 6.0 7267 7.1 6.1 -369 Education and Training 8702 8.4 8.4 8428 8.2 7.9 +274 Health Care and Social Assistance 12261 11.8 12.5 11020 10.7 11.6 +1241 Arts and Recreation Services 840 0.8 1.5 771 0.7 1.5 +69 Other Services 3757 3.6 3.7 3614 3.5 3.7 +143 Inadequately described or not stated 4185 4.0 4.7 2464 2.4 2.5 +1721

Total employed labour force 103645 100.0 100.0 102809 100.0 100.0 +836 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 49 of 86 Release 2 Industry sector of employment, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 50 of 86 Release 2 Change in industry sector of employment, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points An analysis of the industry of employment of the working resident population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 shows the three most popular industries were:  Agriculture (15,111 people or 14.6%)  Health Care and Social Assistance (12,261 people or 11.8%)  Retail trade (10,055 people or 9.7%) In combination these three industries accounted for 37,427 people in total or 36.1% of the employed resident population. In comparison, New South Wales employed 2.1% in Agriculture; 12.5% in Healthcare; and 9.7% in Clerical and Administrative Workers. The major differences between the industry of employment of Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A higher percentage of people working in Agriculture, forestry and fishing (14.6% compared to 2.1%in NSW).  A higher percentage of people working in manufacturing (9.3% compared to 5.8% in NSW).  A smaller percentage of people working in professional, scientific and technical services (3.3% compared to 8.1%in NSW).  A smaller percentage of people working in financial and insurance services (1.4% compared to 4.9% in NSW).

Page 51 of 86 Release 2 Major changes The largest changes in industry of employment in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were:  More people in the health care and social services (+ 1,241)  Less people in retail trade (- 1,092)  Less people in wholesale trade (-970)  Less people in manufacturing (-792)  More people not stating or industry not coded (+1,7421)

Page 52 of 86 Release 2 Occupation of employment Murrumbidgee’s occupation statistics quantify the occupations in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area, education levels, and the working and social aspirations of the population. When viewed with other indicators, such as Educational Qualifications and Individual Income, Occupation is a key measure for evaluating Murrumbidgee's socio-economic status and skill base. [1] Occupation of employment Murrumbidgee – Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Managers 18453 17.8 13.5 19421 18.9 13.3 -968 Professionals 15087 14.6 23.6 14362 14.0 22.7 +725 Technicians and Trades Workers 14521 14.0 12.7 14924 14.5 13.2 -403 Community and Personal Service Workers 10934 10.5 10.4 9819 9.6 9.5 +1115 Clerical and Administrative Workers 11491 11.1 13.8 11652 11.3 15.1 -161 Sales Workers 9138 8.8 9.2 9087 8.8 9.3 +51 Machinery Operators and Drivers 7639 7.4 6.1 7723 7.5 6.4 -84 Labourers 14739 14.2 8.8 14090 13.7 8.7 +649 Inadequately described 837 0.8 1.1 813 0.8 1.0 +24 Not stated 825 0.8 0.8 945 0.9 0.8 -120

Total employed labour force 103645 100.0 100.0 102809 100.0 100.0 +836 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 53 of 86 Release 2 Occupation of employment, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 54 of 86 Release 2 Change in occupation of employment, 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points An analysis of the jobs held by the resident population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 shows the three most popular occupations were:  Managers (18,453 people or 17.8%)  Professionals (15,087 people or 14.6%)  Labourers (14,739 people or 14.2%) In combination these three occupations accounted for 48,279 people in total or 46.7% of the employed resident population. In comparison, New South Wales employed 13.5% Managers; 23.6% Professionals; and 8.8% Labourers. The major differences between the jobs held by the population of Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A larger percentage of persons employed as Managers (17.8% compared to 13.5%)  A larger percentage of persons employed as Labourers (14.2% compared to 8.8%)  A smaller percentage of persons employed as Professionals (14.6% compared to 23.6%)  A smaller percentage of persons employed as Clerical and Administrative Workers (11.1% compared to 13.8%) Major changes The largest changes in the occupations of residents between 2011 and 2016 in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were for those employed as:

Page 55 of 86 Release 2  Community and personal service workers (+ 1,115)  Professional (+ 725)  Labourers (+649)  Managers (- 968)  Technicians and Trades workers (- 403)

Occupation by industry of employment

An analysis of industry by occupation reveals that (see following table):  50.1 % of those who stated their occupation as Managers in Murrumbidgee were in Agriculture, Forestry or Fishing  61.2% of those stating they worked in Agriculture were Managers and 19.8% were labourers  32.5% of those who stated their occupation as Professionals were in Education and Training and 29.6% in Health care and Social assistance  40.7% of those who stated their occupation as Community and Personal Service workers were in Health care and Social assistance  23.7% of those who stated their occupation as Labourers were employed in Manufacturing and 20.3% in Agriculture  56.9% of those stating they worked in Retail were Sales workers and 14.3% were Managers.

Page 56 of 86 Release 2 Occupation by industry of employment, Murrumbidgee 2016

Community and Clerical and Machinery Inadequately Technicians and Trades Personal Service Administrative Operators and described or not Occupation: Managers Professionals Workers Workers Workers Sales Workers Drivers Labourers stated Total % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by % by Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Num. Ind'try Occ'n Industry: Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 9249 50.1 61.2 328 2.2 2.2 868 6.0 5.7 27 0.2 0.2 580 5.0 3.8 132 1.4 0.9 783 10.3 5.2 2999 20.3 19.8 144 8.7 1.0 15111 14.7 100 Mining 35 0.2 6.2 56 0.4 9.9 138 1.0 24.3 5 0.0 0.9 28 0.2 4.9 0 0.0 0.0 266 3.5 46.9 32 0.2 5.6 3 0.2 0.5 567 0.6 100 Manufacturing 1039 5.6 10.8 471 3.1 4.9 2083 14.3 21.6 89 0.8 0.9 722 6.3 7.5 411 4.5 4.3 1189 15.6 12.3 3488 23.7 36.2 137 8.2 1.4 9628 9.4 100 Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 120 0.7 8.7 119 0.8 8.6 499 3.4 36.1 0 0.0 0.0 198 1.7 14.3 23 0.3 1.7 282 3.7 20.4 123 0.8 8.9 19 1.1 1.4 1383 1.3 100 Construction 955 5.2 12.9 109 0.7 1.5 3505 24.1 47.5 24 0.2 0.3 631 5.5 8.5 102 1.1 1.4 913 12.0 12.4 1075 7.3 14.6 64 3.9 0.9 7386 7.2 100 Wholesale Trade 388 2.1 16.0 260 1.7 10.7 275 1.9 11.4 9 0.1 0.4 368 3.2 15.2 658 7.2 27.2 250 3.3 10.3 192 1.3 7.9 16 1.0 0.7 2419 2.4 100 Retail Trade 1441 7.8 14.3 261 1.7 2.6 781 5.4 7.8 65 0.6 0.6 586 5.1 5.8 5726 62.7 56.9 245 3.2 2.4 905 6.1 9.0 46 2.8 0.5 10055 9.8 100 Accommodation and Food Services 1316 7.1 19.4 30 0.2 0.4 845 5.8 12.4 1961 17.9 28.9 288 2.5 4.2 744 8.1 11.0 77 1.0 1.1 1480 10.0 21.8 37 2.2 0.5 6792 6.6 100 Transport, Postal and Warehousing 506 2.7 11.3 113 0.7 2.5 307 2.1 6.8 41 0.4 0.9 859 7.5 19.2 130 1.4 2.9 2319 30.4 51.7 169 1.1 3.8 35 2.1 0.8 4485 4.4 100 Information Media and Telecommunications 65 0.4 10.5 173 1.1 27.8 135 0.9 21.7 3 0.0 0.5 92 0.8 14.8 111 1.2 17.8 9 0.1 1.4 22 0.1 3.5 11 0.7 1.8 622 0.6 100 Financial and Insurance Services 171 0.9 11.5 378 2.5 25.4 14 0.1 0.9 10 0.1 0.7 807 7.0 54.3 66 0.7 4.4 6 0.1 0.4 19 0.1 1.3 15 0.9 1.0 1487 1.4 100 Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 83 0.4 9.2 64 0.4 7.1 23 0.2 2.6 10 0.1 1.1 170 1.5 18.9 441 4.8 49.1 36 0.5 4.0 44 0.3 4.9 16 1.0 1.8 898 0.9 100 Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 228 1.2 6.7 1463 9.7 42.9 449 3.1 13.2 17 0.2 0.5 1087 9.5 31.9 48 0.5 1.4 23 0.3 0.7 83 0.6 2.4 19 1.1 0.6 3410 3.3 100 Administrative and Support Services 124 0.7 4.5 177 1.2 6.4 246 1.7 8.9 213 1.9 7.7 371 3.2 13.4 27 0.3 1.0 105 1.4 3.8 1478 10.0 53.5 19 1.1 0.7 2765 2.7 100 Public Administration and Safety 747 4.0 10.8 1223 8.1 17.7 722 5.0 10.5 1699 15.5 24.6 1373 11.9 19.9 34 0.4 0.5 538 7.0 7.8 451 3.1 6.5 106 6.4 1.5 6898 6.7 100 Education and Training 645 3.5 7.4 4901 32.5 56.3 264 1.8 3.0 1507 13.8 17.3 986 8.6 11.3 24 0.3 0.3 44 0.6 0.5 290 2.0 3.3 37 2.2 0.4 8702 8.5 100 Health Care and Social Assistance 547 3.0 4.5 4461 29.6 36.4 453 3.1 3.7 4451 40.7 36.3 1501 13.1 12.2 55 0.6 0.4 73 1.0 0.6 639 4.3 5.2 78 4.7 0.6 12261 11.9 100 Arts and Recreation Services 113 0.6 13.5 123 0.8 14.6 155 1.1 18.5 208 1.9 24.8 75 0.7 8.9 37 0.4 4.4 14 0.2 1.7 106 0.7 12.6 12 0.7 1.4 840 0.8 100 Other Services 214 1.2 5.7 205 1.4 5.5 2051 14.1 54.6 411 3.8 10.9 369 3.2 9.8 76 0.8 2.0 62 0.8 1.7 341 2.3 9.1 25 1.5 0.7 3757 3.7 100 Inadequately described or not stated 451 2.4 10.8 183 1.2 4.4 679 4.7 16.2 174 1.6 4.2 382 3.3 9.1 274 3.0 6.5 397 5.2 9.5 794 5.4 19.0 831 50.0 19.9 4185 4.1 100 Total 18453 100.0 18.0 15087 100.0 14.7 14521 100.0 14.1 10934 100.0 10.6 11491 100.0 11.2 9138 100.0 8.9 7639 100.0 7.4 14739 100.0 14.3 1662 100.0 1.6 102802 100.0 100 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 57 of 86 Release 2 Volunteer work The voluntary work sector is an important part of Australia's economy. The level of volunteering can indicate the cohesiveness of the community and how readily individuals are able to contribute to that community. Factors impacting on the level of volunteering in Murrumbidgee include the Age Structure of the population, the level of Proficiency in English, Income and Education levels. [1] Volunteer work Murrumbidgee – Persons aged 15+ Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Not a volunteer 123213 64.4 73.8 121528 66.8 74.8 + 1685 Volunteer 47295 24.7 18.1 44142 24.3 16.9 + 3153 Not stated 20872 10.9 8.1 16306 9.0 8.4 + 4566 Total persons aged 15+ years 191383 100.0 100.00 181975 100.0 100.0 + 9408 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Volunteer work, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 58 of 86 Release 2 Change in volunteer work, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of the voluntary work performed by the population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a higher proportion of people who volunteered for an organisation or group. Overall, 24.7% of the population reported performing voluntary work, compared with 18.1% for New South Wales. Major changes The number of volunteers in Murrumbidgee increased by 3,153 people between 2011 and 2016.

Page 59 of 86 Release 2 Unpaid domestic work There has been increased interest in identifying, acknowledging and valuing the unpaid work that supports home and community life. The changing amount of time spent on unpaid housework in different Household Types and, particularly the distribution of this work within the household, can indicate the changing roles of males, females and older children in society. The level of unpaid domestic work in Murrumbidgee may also be related to Household Income, as higher income households are able to outsource some of these tasks. [1] Unpaid domestic work Murrumbidgee – Persons aged 15+ Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Did unpaid domestic work 127831 66.8 67.7 125897 69.2 68.7 +1673  Less than 5 hours 36561 19.1 22.3 35004 19.2 22.0 +1557  5 to 14 hours 47100 24.6 25.1 44619 24.5 24.9 +2481  15 to 29 hours 23689 12.4 11.3 23776 13.1 11.8 -87  30 hours or more 20481 10.7 9.0 22498 12.4 10.0 -2017 Did no unpaid domestic work 40635 21.2 23.6 38962 21.4 22.6 +5787 Not stated 22923 12.0 8.7 17136 9.4 8.6 +1673

Total persons aged 15+ years 191383 100.0 100.00 181975 100.0 100.0 + 9408 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Unpaid domestic work, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Page 60 of 86 Release 2

Change in unpaid domestic work, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of the unpaid domestic work performed by the population of Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a slightly higher proportion of persons who performed 15 hours or more of unpaid domestic work per week.Overall, 23.1% of the population reported performing 15 hours or more of unpaid domestic work, compared with 20.3% for New South Wales. The major differences between the share of the population performing unpaid domestic work in Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A larger percentage of persons who did not state their domestic work (12.0% compared to 8.7%)  A larger percentage of persons who did between 15 and 29 hours of domestic work (12.4% compared to 11.3%)  A larger percentage of persons who did 30 hours or more of domestic work (10.7% compared to 9.0%)  A smaller percentage of persons who did no unpaid domestic work (21.2% compared to 23.6%) Major changes The largest changes in the number of people performing unpaid domestic work in Murrumbidgee, between 2011 and 2016 were those who:  Did no unpaid domestic work (+5,787 persons)  Did between 5 and 14 hours of domestic work (+2,481 persons)  Did unpaid domestic work (+1,673 persons)  Did less than 5 hours of domestic work (+1,557 persons)  Did 30 hours or more of domestic work (- 2,017 persons)

Page 61 of 86 Release 2 Highest level of schooling Murrumbidgee’s school completion data is a useful indicator of socio-economic status. With other indicators, such as Proficiency in English, the data informs planners and decision-makers about people's ability to access services. Combined with Educational Qualifications it also allows assessment of the skill base of the population. [1] Highest level of schooling completed Murrumbidgee – Persons aged 15+ Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Year 8 or below 12674 6.6 4.6 15062 8.3 5.6 -2388 Year 9 or equivalent 17772 9.3 6.3 19269 10.6 7.3 -1497 Year 10 or equivalent 56121 29.3 21.6 57729 31.7 24.1 -1608 Year 11 or equivalent 16540 8.6 5.8 15427 8.5 5.9 +1113 Year 12 or equivalent 65324 34.1 52.1 57198 31.4 47.6 +8126 Did not go to school 955 0.5 1.0 851 0.5 1.0 +104 Not stated 21995 11.5 8.5 16432 9.0 8.6 +5563

Total persons aged 15+ years 191383 100.0 100.00 181975 100.0 100.0 + 9408 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Highest level of schooling completed, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 62 of 86 Release 2 Change in highest level of schooling completed, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Key points Analysis of the highest level of schooling attained by the population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a higher proportion of people who had left school at an early level (Year 10 or less) and a lower proportion of people who completed Year 12 or equivalent.

Overall, 45.2% of the population left school at Year 10 or below, and 34.1% went on to complete Year 12 or equivalent, compared with 33.5% and 52.1% respectively for New South Wales.

The major differences between the level of schooling attained by the population in Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A larger percentage of persons who completed year 10 or equivalent (29.3% compared to 21.6%)  A larger percentage of persons who completed year 9 or equivalent (9.3% compared to 6.3%)  A larger percentage of persons who completed year 11 or equivalent (8.6% compared to 5.8%)  A smaller percentage of persons who completed year 12 or equivalent (34.1% compared to 52.1%)

Major changes The largest changes in the level of schooling attained by the population in Murrumbidgee, between 2011 and 2016 were:  Year 12 or equivalent (+8,126 persons)  Year 8 or below (-2,388 persons)  Year 10 or equivalent (-1,608 persons)  Year 9 or equivalent (-1,497 persons)  Year 11 or equivalent (+1,113 persons)

Page 63 of 86 Release 2 Highest post school qualification Educational Qualifications relate to education outside of primary and secondary school and are one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Employment Status, Income and Occupation, Murrumbidgee's Educational Qualifications help to evaluate the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of the area and identify skill gaps in the labour market. [1] Highest post school qualification Murrumbidgee – Persons aged 15+ Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Bachelor or Higher Degree 21890 11.4 23.4 18155 10.0 19.9 +3735  Postgraduate Degree Level 3005 1.6 5.7 2188 1.2 - +817  Graduate Diploma and Graduate Certificate Level 2212 1.2 1.7 1843 1.0 - +369  Bachelor Degree Level 16673 8.7 16.0 14124 7.8 - +2549 Advanced Diploma and Diploma Level 13146 6.9 8.9 10490 5.8 8.3 +2656 Vocational Certificate Level 43146 22.5 18.1 38281 21.0 17.7 +4865 Level of education inadequately described 1176 0.6 1.0 2365 1.3 - -1189 Level of education not stated 24853 13.0 9.6 19617 10.8 11.4 +5236

All qualifications 78182 40.9 50.4 66926 36.8 57.2 +11256 No qualification 113201 59.1 49.6 115049 63.2 42.8 -1848

Total persons aged 15+ years 191383 100.0 100.00 181975 100.0 100.0 + 9408 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Highest post school qualification, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 64 of 86 Release 2 Change in post school qualifications, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of the qualifications of the population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of people holding formal qualifications (Bachelor or higher degree; Advanced Diploma or Diploma; or Vocational qualifications), and a higher proportion of people with no formal qualifications. Overall, 40.9% of the population aged 15 and over held educational qualifications, and 59.1% had no qualifications, compared with 50.4% and 49.6% respectively for New South Wales. The major differences between qualifications held by the population of Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A larger percentage of persons with No qualifications (59.1% compared to 49.6%)  A larger percentage of persons with Vocational certificates (22.5% compared to 18.1%)  A smaller percentage of persons with Bachelor or Higher degrees (11.4% compared to 23.4%)  A smaller percentage of persons with Advanced Diploma or Diplomas (6.9% compared to 8.9%) Major changes The largest changes in the qualifications of the population in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 were in those with:  Vocational qualifications (+4,865 persons)  Bachelor or Higher degrees (+3,753 persons)  Advanced Diploma or Diplomas (+2,656 persons)  All qualifications (+ 11,256)  No qualifications (-1,848)

Page 65 of 86 Release 2 Education institution attending

The share of Murrumbidgee's population attending educational institutions reflects the age structure of the population, as it is influenced by the number of children attending school; proximity to tertiary education, which can mean young adults leaving home to be nearer to educational facilities and; the degree to which people are seeking out educational opportunities in adulthood, especially in their late teens and early twenties. This will vary among individual LGAs depending on the institutions available, the percentage of the population attending university in Wagga Wagga LGA for example is close to 5 per cent. [1] Education institution attending Murrumbidgee Change (usual residence) 2016 2011 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016 Pre-school 4376 1.8 1.8 4459 1.9 1.8 -83 Primary school 20392 8.6 8.1 20098 8.8 7.9 +294  Infants/Primary - Government 13868 5.8 5.6 13556 5.9 5.4 +312  Infants/Primary - Catholic 5321 2.2 1.6 5318 2.3 1.7 +3  Infants/Primary - Other Non Government 1203 0.5 0.9 1224 0.5 0.9 -21 Secondary school 15148 6.4 6.2 15963 7.0 6.5 -815  Secondary - Government 9521 4.0 3.6 10545 4.6 3.9 -1024  Secondary - Catholic 3969 1.7 1.6 3880 1.7 1.6 +89  Secondary - Other Non Government 1658 0.7 1.1 1538 0.7 1.0 +120 TAFE 4503 1.9 1.9 6094 2.7 2.4 -1591 University 5436 2.3 5.0 5343 2.3 4.4 +93 Other 1071 0.5 0.9 966 0.4 0.7 +105 Type of educational institution not stated 22500 9.5 7.2 16105 7.0 69.1 +6395 Not attending 164359 69.1 68.9 160520 69.9 7.0 +3839 Total 237771 100.0 100.0 229556 100.0 100.0 +8215 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 66 of 86 Release 2 Education institution attending, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Change in education institution attending, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 67 of 86 Release 2

Key points Analysis of the share of the population attending educational institutions in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a similar proportion attending primary school, a similar proportion attending secondary school, but a lower proportion engaged in university level education. Overall, 8.6% of the population were attending primary school, 6.4% of the population were attending secondary institutions, and 4.7% were learning at a tertiary level, compared with 8.1%, 6.2% and 7.0% respectively for New South Wales. The major differences between the share of the population attending learning institutions in Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A smaller percentage of persons attending university (2.3% compared to 5.0%)

Major changes From 2011 to 2016, Murrumbidgee’s population increased by 8,215 people (+3.6%). This represents an average annual change of 0.72% per year over the period. The largest changes in the number of persons attending education institutions in Murrumbidgee, between 2011 and 2016 were in those who nominated: TAFE (-1,591 persons) Secondary – Government (-1,024) Primary school (+294 persons) Primary - Government (+312 persons) Secondary-Other Non Government (+120 persons)

Page 68 of 86 Release 2 Unpaid child care

The role of unpaid childcare in Murrumbidgee is determined by many different factors. For example areas with high levels of unpaid child care may have a dominance of single income families with one significant earner, or there could be a lack of provision of paid child care in the area. The level to which people care for others children can also indicate the role of extended family (eg. grandparents caring for grandchildren, family day care). The role of unpaid child care is a complex one so this topic should be viewed in conjunction with several others, including Household Type, Employment, Household Income and Educational Attendance. [1] Unpaid child care Murrumbidgee – Persons aged 15+ 2016 2011 Change (usual residence)

2011 to Number % NSW % Number % NSW % 2016

Provided unpaid child care (all) 50709 26.5 27.2 50776 27.9 27.5 -67  Cared for own children 34941 18.3 19.6 35283 19.4 19.6 -342  Cared for other children 14386 7.5 6.9 13786 7.6 7.1 +600  Cared for own children and other children 1382 0.7 0.7 1707 0.9 0.8 -325 Did not provide child care 119365 62.4 64.5 115903 63.7 64.6 +3462 Not stated 21308 11.1 8.3 15298 8.4 7.9 +6010

Total persons aged 15+ years 191383 100.0 100.00 181975 100.0 100.0 + 9408

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Unpaid child care, Murrumbidgee and NSW 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 69 of 86 Release 2 Change in unpaid child care, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of the unpaid child care provided by the population in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a slightly smaller proportion of people who provided unpaid child care either to their own or to other children. Overall, 26.5% of the population provided unpaid child care, compared with 27.2% for New South Wales. Within Murrumbidgee this is likely to vary considerably by community based on age structure. The major difference between the share of the population providing unpaid child care in Murrumbidgee and New South Wales was:  A smaller percentage who did not provide care for children (62.4% compared to 64.5%)  A larger percentage who did not state if they provided child care (11.1% compared to 8.3%) Major changes The number of people who provided unpaid child care for their own and/or other people's children in Murrumbidgee decreased by 67 between 2011 and 2016. The largest changes in the number of people performing unpaid child care in Murrumbidgee, between 2011 and 2016 were those who:  Provided no unpaid child care (+3,462 persons)  Cared for other child/ren (+600 persons)  Cared for their own child/ren (-342 persons)  Cared for their own child/ren and other child/ren (-325 persons)

Page 70 of 86 Release 2 Weekly individual income

Individual Income statistics are an indicator of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Household Income, Qualifications and Occupation, they help tell the story of the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of Murrumbidgee. The amount of income an individual receives is linked to a number of factors including employment status, age (as for instance students and retirees often receive a lower income), qualifications and type of employment [1] The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Individual Income Quartiles. Weekly individual income Murrumbidgee (usual residence aged 15+ years) 2016

Weekly individual income Number % NSW % Negative or Nil income 13095 6.8 9.8 $1-$149 ($1-$7,799) 7275 3.8 4.0 $150-$299 ($7,800-$15,599) 13602 7.1 6.8 $300-$399 ($15,600-$20,799) 19224 10.0 8.6 $400-$499 ($20,800-$25,999) 18294 9.6 8.2 $500-$649 ($26,000-$33,799) 17085 8.9 7.4 $650-$799 ($33,800-$41,599) 16932 8.8 7.4 $800-$999 ($41,600-$51,999) 17685 9.2 8.0 $1,000-$1,249 ($52,000-$64,999) 15601 8.2 8.2 $1,250-$1,499 ($65,000-$77,999) 9474 5.0 5.6 $1,500-$1,749 ($78,000-$90,999) 7158 3.7 4.8 $1,750-$1,999 ($91,000-$103,999) 4893 2.6 3.4 $2,000-$2,999 ($104,000-$155,999) 5590 2.9 5.3 $3,000 or more ($156,000 or more) 2954 1.5 3.5 Not stated 22515 11.8 8.9

Total population aged 15+ years 191383 100.00 100.0 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 71 of 86 Release 2 Weekly individual income, Murrumbidgee and NSW 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of individual income levels in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of people earning a high income (those earning $1,750 per week or more) and a higher proportion of lower to middle income people (those earning $150 to $1,000 per week). Overall, 7.0% of the population earned a high income, and 30.5% earned a low income (below $500), 6.8% negative or nil income, compared with 12.2% and 27.2% and 9.8% respectively for New South Wales. Major changes The major differences between Murrumbidgee's individual incomes and New South Wales's individual incomes were:  A larger percentage of persons who earned $300 - $399 (10.0% compared to 8.6%)  A larger percentage of persons who earned $500 - $649 (8.9% compared to 7.4%)  A larger percentage of persons who earned $650 - $799 (8.8% compared to 7.4%)  A smaller percentage of persons who earned $2000 - $2999 (2.9% compared to 5.3%)  A smaller percentage of persons who earned Negative Income/ Nil income (6.8% compared to 9.8%)  A smaller percentage of persons who earned $3,000 or more (1.5% compared to 3.5%)

Page 72 of 86 Release 2 Individual income quartiles Murrumbidgee’s income statistics are an indicator of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Household Income, Qualifications and Occupation, they help tell the story of the area's economic opportunities and socio-economic status. Individual income levels are not comparable over time because of the influences of economic change such as wage level fluctuations and inflation. The income quartile method is the most objective method of comparing change in the income profile of a community over time. [1] A detailed explanation of how Individual Income quartiles are calculated and interpreted is available online. Approximate household income quartiles Data readily available from the ABS does not allow the calculation of income quartiles for Murrumbidgee, the groups in the table below have been estimated from the actual NSW income quartiles for 2011 and 2016. Approximate individual income quartiles Murrumbidgee (usual residence) 2016 2011 Change

Weekly individual income quartiles NSW 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % % 2016

Lowest group 40101 25.7 23.9 36143 23.4 21.4 +3958 Medium lowest 35379 22.7 19.2 47910 31.0 26.0 -12531 Medium highest 50218 32.2 29.1 49907 32.3 30.6 +311 Highest group 30069 19.3 27.8 20675 13.4 22.0 +9394

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Individual income quartiles reference Individual income quartile 2016 2016 2011 2011 ranges approximate range approximate range

Lowest group $0 to $324 $1-$399 $0 to $266 $0 to $299

Medium lowest $325 to $663 $400-$649 $267 to $560 $300 to $599

Medium highest $664 to $1,244 $650-$1249 $561 to $1,093 $600 to $1249

Highest group $1,245 and over $1250 and above $1,094 and over $1250 and over

Compiled and presented by .id , the population experts [1]. Key points Income quartiles allow us to compare relative income-earning capabilities across time. Analysis of the distribution of the population by income quartile in Murrumbidgee compared to New South Wales shows that there was a lower proportion of persons in the highest income quartile as well as a higher proportion in the lowest income quartile. Major changes The most significant change in Murrumbidgee in persons between 2011 and 2016 was in the medium lowest quartile which showed a decrease of 12,531 persons there was also an increase of 9,394 people in the highest income group.

Page 73 of 86 Release 2 Individual income quartiles, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Change in individual income quartiles, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 74 of 86 Release 2 Weekly household income

Households form the common 'economic unit' in our society. Murrumbidgee’s Household Income is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to reveal the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of Murrumbidgee. It is important to note that income data is not necessarily a measure of wealth. For example, if an area has a large number of retirees this will produce a higher proportion of households with low income but the retirees may have large capital wealth. For this reason, household income should be viewed in conjunction with Age and Household Composition. [1] The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Household Income Quartiles. Weekly household income Murrumbidgee (usual residence aged 15+ years) 2016

Weekly individual income (annual income) Number % NSW % Negative or Nil income 1097 1.2 1.7 $1-$149 ($1-$7,799) 714 0.8 0.7 $150-$299 ($7,800-$15,599) 2122 2.4 2 $300-$399 ($15,600-$20,799) 3156 3.6 2.9 $400-$499 ($20,800-$25,999) 7588 8.6 6.4 $500-$649 ($26,000-$33,799) 4516 5.1 4.1 $650-$799 ($33,800-$41,599) 7888 9.0 6.9 $800-$999 ($41,600-$51,999) 6809 7.7 6.2 $1,000-$1,249 ($52,000-$64,999) 7862 8.9 7.6 $1,250-$1,499 ($65,000-$77,999) 6978 7.9 6.8 $1,500-$1,749 ($78,000-$90,999) 4984 5.7 5.6 $1,750-$1,999 ($91,000-$103,999) 4870 5.5 5.4 $2,000-$2,499 ($104,000-$129,999) 8039 9.1 10.3 $2,500-$2,999 ($130,000-$155,999) 4375 5.0 6.4 $3,000-$3,499 ($156,000-$181,999) 2471 2.8 4.4 $3,500-$3,999 ($182,000-$207,999) 1807 2.1 4.2 $4,000-$4,499 ($208,000-$233,999) 680 0.8 2.1 $4,500-$4,999 ($234,000-$259,999) 782 0.9 2 $5,000-$5,999 ($260,000-$311,999) 486 0.6 2 $6,000-$7,999 ($312,000-$415,999) 585 0.7 1.8 $8,000 or more ($416,000 or more) 83 0.1 0.2 Not stated 10222 11.6 10.4

Total applicable households 88125 100.00 100.00 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 75 of 86 Release 2 Weekly household income

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Key points Analysis of household income levels in Murrumbidgee in 2016 compared to New South Wales shows that there was a smaller proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) and a higher proportion of low income households (those earning less than $650 per week). Overall, 12.8% of the households earned a high income and 21.8% were low income households, compared with 23.1% and 17.8% respectively for New South Wales. The major differences between the household incomes of Murrumbidgee and New South Wales were:  A larger percentage of households who earned $400-$499 (8.6% compared to 6.4%)  A larger percentage of households who earned $650-$799 (9.0% compared to 6.9%)  A smaller percentage of households who earned $3,500 - $3,999 (2.1% compared to 4.2%)  A smaller percentage of households who earned $3,000 - $4,999 (2.8% compared to 4.4%)  A larger percentage of households who earned $800 - $999 (7.7% compared to 6.2%)

Page 76 of 86 Release 2 Household income quartiles Households form the common 'economic unit' in our society. Household Income is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to reveal Murrumbidgee’s socio-economic status and economic opportunities. Household income levels are not comparable over time because of the influences of economic change such as wage level fluctuations and inflation. The income quartile method is a powerful and objective way of looking at income data and in particular, how it is changing. [1] A detailed explanation of how Household Income quartiles are calculated and interpreted is available online. Approximate household income quartiles Data readily available from the ABS does not allow the calculation of income quartiles for Murrumbidgee, the groups in the table below have been estimated from the actual NSW household income quartiles for 2011 and 2016. Approximate household income quartiles Murrumbidgee (usual residence) 2016 2011 Change

Weekly household income quartiles NSW 2011 to Number % NSW % Number % % 2016

$1-$799 Lowest group 25984 33.8 26.1 22850 30.0 23.1 +3134 $800-$1499 Medium lowest 21649 28.2 23.5 24292 31.9 26.7 -2643 $1500-$2499 Medium highest 17893 23.3 24.1 21433 28.2 28.8 -3540 $2500 and over Highest group 11269 14.7 26.3 7491 9.8 21.4 +3778 Total households 94493 91885 + 2608 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Household income - Quartile group dollar ranges Household income quartile 2016 2016 2011 2011 ranges approximate range approximate range Lowest group $0 to $750 $1-$799 $0 to $614 $0 to $599

Medium lowest $751 to $1,481 $800-$1,499 $615 to $1233 $600 to $1249

Medium highest $1,482 to $2554 $1,500-$2,499 $1234 to $2272 $1250 to $2499

Highest group $2,555 and over $2,500 and over $2273 and over $2500 and over

Compiled and presented by .id , the population experts [1].

Page 77 of 86 Release 2 Household income quartiles, Murrumbidgee and NSW, 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017. Change in household income quartiles, Murrumbidgee 2011 to 2016

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2016, compiled through TableBuilder ABS, 2017.

Page 78 of 86 Release 2 Key points Income quartiles allow us to compare relative income-earning capabilities across time. Analysis of the distribution of households by income quartile in Murrumbidgee compared to New South Wales shows that there was a lesser proportion of households in the highest income quartile and a greater proportion in the lowest income quartile. Major changes The most significant change in Murrumbidgee between 2011 and 2016 was in the highest quartile which showed an increase of 3,778 households, followed by the medium highest quartile which decreased by 3,540 households. Increases were seen in the lowest and highest quartiles indicating a possible increase in income disparity in the Murrumbidgee.

Page 79 of 86 Release 2 Selected Local Government Area Comparison Median age by Local Government Area

Median family household income weekly

Page 80 of 86 Release 2 Selected Medians for LGAs Median Median Median Median total total total mortgage personal Median family household repay income rent income income Average Median monthly weekly weekly weekly weekly household Local Government Areas age $ $ $ $ $ size Berrigan 49 1083 524 180 1251 967 2.2 Bland 43 1000 580 150 1360 1100 2.4 Carrathool 40 867 681 105 1538 1240 2.4 Coolamon 44 1083 594 150 1418 1169 2.5 Edward River 45 1083 595 185 1399 1080 2.3 Federation 49 1300 559 200 1299 1017 2.3 Greater Hume Shire 44 1213 600 180 1439 1168 2.5 Griffith 37 1495 674 220 1555 1331 2.7 Gundagai 47 1107 539 180 1280 964 2.3 Hay 46 982 587 150 1344 1075 2.3 Hilltops 44 1200 538 200 1261 976 2.4 Junee 40 1200 600 200 1410 1139 2.5 Lake Cargelligo (suburb) 38 867 523 150 1216 1048 2.5 Leeton 40 1300 607 195 1456 1190 2.5 Lockhart 46 1000 585 150 1408 1114 2.5 Murray River 49 1300 558 200 1333 1061 2.3 Murrumbidgee 41 900 659 150 1461 1197 2.5 Narrandera 44 1007 575 170 1349 1030 2.3 Snowy Valleys 45 1300 577 180 1418 1120 2.3 Temora 46 1148 546 175 1329 1033 2.4 Wagga Wagga 35 1517 696 265 1682 1354 2.5 New South Wales 38 1986 664 380 1780 1486 2.6

Selected medians Key points The median is the middle of any group – such that 50% of the population is below and 50% is above that point, whereas the average can be influenced by very high or very low scores. Age The median age within the LGAs ranged from 49 years in Berrigan, Federation and Murray River to 35 years in Wagga Wagga. The older LGAs tended to be in the south along the Murray River and to the east. The younger populations were in the urban areas of Wagga Wagga, Griffith and Albury (see previous map for distribution). Only Griffith, Wagga Wagga and Lake Cargelligo had median ages below the NSW median of 38 years. Mortgage and rent The highest median mortgage repayments were in the urban areas or Wagga Wagga and Griffith, these were however substantially lower than the NSW median $1,986 per month but in line with the median of $1,590 for non-metropolitan NSW. The highest median rent was also in Wagga Wagga and Griffith again these were lower than the NSW median of $380/week but were also lower than the non-metropolitan NSW median of $280/week.

Page 81 of 86 Release 2 Income The median personal incomes were highest in Wagga Wagga, Carrathool and Griffith all of which were above the NSW median weekly personal income of $664/week and above the non-metropolitan NSW median of $584/week. The lowest personal incomes were in Lake Cargelligo and Berrigan followed by Hilltops, Gundagai and Temora. Combined family household incomes were highest again in Wagga Wagga, Griffith and Carrathool however these were lower than the NSW median of $1,780/week but higher than the non-metropolitan NSW median of $1,449/week. The lowest median family incomes were in Lake Cargelligo, Berrigan, Hilltops and Gundagai (see previous map). Median household incomes were highest in Wagga Wagga and Griffith however these were lower than the NSW median of $1,486/week but higher than the non-metropolitan NSW median of $1,168/week. The lowest median household incomes were in Gundagai, Berrigan and Hilltops which were substantially lower than the NSW median. The average numbers of people per household was lowest in Berrigan at 2.2 and highest in Griffith at 2.7, the NSW average was 2.6 people per household. Areas with younger family households are more likely to have higher numbers of people per household, the higher averages here correspond with LGAs which have a younger median age. The lower average number of people per household is consistent with older people living as a couple (empty nesters) or alone and a higher median age in those LGAs for example Berrigan, Federation and Gundagai. The fewer people per household and the higher median age also influences the median household income, i.e. it is generally lower. Lake Cargelligo on the other hand has 2.5 people on average per household, a lower median age than other LGAs in the Murrumbidgee and lower personal and family incomes. Stand outs Federation and Murray River LGAs are of note as they have relatively older age profiles, lower incomes and higher rental and mortgage costs, indicating a possibility of household financial stress in these LGAs. Lake Cargelligo has lower incomes, larger household sizes but lower rental and mortgage costs, whereas the LGAs of Wagga Wagga and Griffith have higher incomes overall but higher rental and mortgage costs. These figures mask the internal variation within the LGAs, especially for the larger LGAs of Griffith and Wagga Wagga.

Page 82 of 86 Release 2 Selected cultural and linguistic characteristics Language other than Remot Usual residents Aboriginal people Born overseas English e# Local Government % of % of % of Areas Number LHD Number % of LGA Number LGA Number LGA Berrigan 8462 3.6 198 2.3 651 7.7 260 3.1 Bland 5955 2.5 262 4.4 287 4.8 130 2.2 Carrathool 2719 1.1 217 8.0 263 9.7 161 5.9 Coolamon 4315 1.8 137 3.2 164 3.8 50 1.2 Edward River 8851 3.7 357 4.0 568 6.4 288 3.3 Federation 12277 5.2 214 1.7 845 6.9 242 2.0 Greater Hume Shire 10351 4.4 339 3.3 614 5.9 204 2.0 Griffith 25641 10.8 1226 4.8 4819 18.8 5351 20.9 Gundagai 11141 4.7 513 4.6 615 5.5 218 2.0 Hay 2946 1.2 178 6.0 188 6.4 112 3.8 Hilltops 18498 7.8 819 4.4 1145 6.2 632 3.4 Junee 6295 2.6 489 7.8 469 7.5 194 3.1 Lake Cargelligo 1775 0.7 260 14.6 80 4.5 51 2.9 Leeton 11168 4.7 636 5.7 903 8.1 818 7.3 Lockhart 3119 1.3 107 3.4 147 4.7 41 1.3 Murray River 11680 4.9 373 3.2 814 7.0 288 2.5 Murrumbidgee 3836 1.6 289 7.5 231 6.0 126 3.3 Narrandera 5853 2.5 569 9.7 274 4.7 147 2.5 Snowy Valleys 14395 6.1 630 4.4 1206 8.4 504 3.5 Temora 6110 2.6 141 2.3 287 4.7 131 2.1 Wagga Wagga 62385 26.2 3508 5.6 5846 9.4 4129 6.6 Murrumbidgee total 237772 100.0 11461 4.7 20336 8.6 14026 5.9 New South Wales 7480228 (3.2%)* 216176 2.9 2072454 27.7 1882015 25.2 * Murrumbidgee population as a percent of NSW total # Remoteness see Appendix 1 Key points Population distribution The Murrumbidgee covers 124,141 square km making up 15.5% of the land area of NSW but only 3.2% of the population (2016). Over one quarter of the population of Murrumbidgee live in the Wagga Wagga LGA with a further 10 per cent in Griffith. The least populated areas are Lake Cargelligo, Carrathool, Hay and Lockhart. Aboriginal people There were 11,461 people who identified as being of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin in the 2016 Census in the Murrumbidgee. The LGA with the highest population of Aboriginal people was Wagga Wagga with 3,508 people followed by Griffith with 1,226 people. Lake Cargelligo (part of Lachlan LGA) had the highest proportion of Aboriginal people at 14.6% of the total population followed by Narrandera (9.7%), Carrathool (8.0%) and Junee (7.8%). Other LGAs with 500 or more Aboriginal people were: Hilltops (819) Leeton (636), Snowy Valleys (630), Narrandera (569) and Gundagai (513). Ethnic diversity Griffith LGA had the highest ethnic diversity among all LGAs with 4,819 people stating a country of birth other than Australia (18.8% of the population) and 5,351 speaking a language other than English at home (20.9%). Other large population of people born overseas were in Wagga Wagga (5,846 people with 4,129 speaking a language other than English). Proportionally the LGAs of Leeton and Carrathool had higher ethnic diversity

Page 83 of 86 Release 2 than other LGAs in Murrumbidgee (other than Griffith and Wagga) and Hilltops and Snowy Valleys had over 500 people who spoked a language other than English at home. Stand outs Lake Cargelligo has a high proportion of Aboriginal residents. The Murrumbidgee Health District is also responsible for delivering health services to the nearby Aboriginal Community of Murrin Bridge where 83 Aboriginal people reside, Murrin Bridge is situated in Cobar Shire (Far West LHD). The area is classified as Remote (See Appendix 1). Carrathool has a relatively high proportion of Aboriginal residents as well as being classified as Remote and having nearly 10 per cent of the population born overseas and 6 per cent speak a language other than English. Griffith and Leeton LGAs have relatively large Aboriginal populations as well as larger proportions of people from non-English speaking backgrounds. Griffith has the largest number of people who speak a language other than English among all Murrumbidgee LGAs. Wagga Wagga being the largest population in Murrumbidgee has larger numbers of Aboriginal residents and people from non-English speaking backgrounds than most other LGAs.

References

[1] .id consulting pty ltd, Collingwood Australia, September 2017. [Online]. Available: http://home.id.com.au/.

Page 84 of 86 Release 2 Appendix 1 - Remoteness

Standard ABS classification of Remoteness 2011

www.doctorconnect.gov.au/internet/otd/publishing.nsf/Content/ASGSRA_locator

ASGC-RA (2011) RA1 – Major cities RA2 – Inner Regional RA3 – Outer Regional RA4 – Remote RA5 – Very remote

Page 85 of 86 Release 2 Modified Monash Model of Remoteness

The Modified Monash Model is a new classification system that better categorises metropolitan, regional, rural and remote areas according to both geographical remoteness and town size. The system was developed to recognise the challenges in attracting health workers to more remote and smaller communities. www.doctorconnect.gov.au/internet/otd/publishing.nsf/Content/MMM_locator

Modified Monash Category Inclusions MM 1 All areas categorised ASGS-RA1. MM 2 Areas categorised ASGS-RA 2 and ASGS-RA 3 that are in, or within 20km road distance, of a town with population >50,000. MM 3 Areas categorised ASGS-RA 2 and ASGS-RA 3 that are not in MM 2 and are in, or within 15km road distance, of a town with population between 15,000 and 50,000. MM 4 Areas categorised ASGS-RA 2 and ASGS-RA 3 that are not in MM 2 or MM 3, and are in, or within 10km road distance, of a town with population between 5,000 and 15,000. MM 5 All other areas in ASGS-RA 2 and 3. MM 6 All areas categorised ASGS-RA 4 that are not on a populated island that is separated from the mainland in the ABS geography and is more than 5km offshore. MM 7 All other areas – that being ASGS-RA 5 and areas on a populated island that is separated from the mainland in the ABS geography and is more than 5km offshore.

Page 86 of 86 Release 2