DOCSLIB.ORG

(Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from Río Abiseo National Park, Peru

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from Río Abiseo National Park, Peru See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317369865 Four new species of terrestrial-breeding frogs of the genus Phrynopus (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from Río.... Article in Zootaxa · June 2017 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4273.3.4 CITATIONS READS 2 227 2 authors: Lily Rodriguez Alessandro Catenazzi University of Bonn Florida International University 34 PUBLICATIONS 1,118 CITATIONS 115 PUBLICATIONS 1,101 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: An altitudinal transect along Manu Biosphere Reserve View project Assessment of the conservation status and monitoring of Telmatobius intermedius and other amphibians in the province of Lucanas, Ayacucho, Peru View project All content following this page was uploaded by Alessandro Catenazzi on 16 June 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Zootaxa 4273 (3): 381–406 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4273.3.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ADC167F6-C3A0-43EC-8636-F65F5ABE85AF Four new species of terrestrial-breeding frogs of the genus Phrynopus (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from Río Abiseo National Park, Peru LILY O. RODRIGUEZ1,3 & ALESSANDRO CATENAZZI2 1ILR, Uni-Bonn, Nussallee 21, 53115 Bonn, Germany 2Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We describe four new species of terrestrial-breeding frogs belonging to the genus Phrynopus from specimens collected on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oriental (2800–3850 m) near and within Río Abiseo National Park, Provincia Mariscal Cáceres, Departments of San Martín and La Libertad, northeastern Peru. All four species lack a visible tympanum and inhabit the upper ridges and slopes within or adjacent to the Park. Phrynopus anancites sp. nov. and P. capitalis sp. nov. inhabit the wet montane grasslands on the upper ridges and valleys from 3600 to 3850 m. Phrynopus anancites (SVL = 25.3 mm) has coarsely aerolated skin and olive green coloration and has small vomerine teeth, while P. c a pi t al i s (female SVL = 35.6 mm) is characterized by a large head, short limbs, and distinctive dorsal pattern. Phrynopus dumicola sp. nov. (female SVL = 25.3 mm) has a short head and dark colored body with granular skin on the flanks, and is known only from forest patches along the treeline from 3225 to 3550 m, whereas P. personatus sp. nov. (female SVL = 28.2 mm) has a dark facemask and bright yellow groin spots (possibly aposematic), and inhabits a narrow band of continuous tropical montane rain forest from 2890 to 3110 m. We report infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis from one specimen of P. du m i - cola collected in July of 1988. With the addition of these four new species, Phrynopus now includes 32 nominal species. Key words: amphibians, Andes, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, chytridiomycosis, direct development, montane trop- ical forest, puna, systematics, taxonomy Resumen Describimos cuatro especies nuevas de anuros de reproducción terrestre pertenecientes al género Phrynopus, a partir de especímenes colectados en el flanco Oriental de la Cordillera Oriental (2800–3850 m), Parque Nacional del Río Abiseo, Provincia Mariscal Cáceres, Departamentos de San Martín y La Libertad, noroeste del Perú. Las cuatro especies carecen de un tímpano visible y viven en las cimas y flancos más altos del parque. Phrynopus anancites sp. nov. y P. c a pi t al i s sp. nov. viven en los pajonales húmedos altoandinos, en las alturas del parque entre 3550 y 3850. Phrynopus anancites (LHC= 25.3 mm) se caracteriza por una piel gruesa y granulada, coloración verde oliva, y por poseer dientes vomerinos pequeños, mientras que P. capitalis (LHC= 35.6 mm en una hembra) se caracteriza por su cabeza grande, miembros cortos y un pa- trón dorsal distintivo. Phrynopus dumicola sp. nov. (LHC= 25.3 mm en hembras) se caracteriza por su talla pequeña y coloración oscura, es conocida sólo de parches de bosque a lo largo de la línea de árboles, entre 3225 y 3550 m; P. perso- natus sp. nov. (LHC= 28.2 mm en hembras) caracterizada por una máscara rostral, y manchas brillantes posiblemente aposemáticas en las ingles, vive en una banda angosta del bosque continuo, entre 2890 y 3110 m. Reportamos infección por Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis en un espécimen de P. dumicola colectado en julio de 1988. Con la adición de estas cuatro nuevas especies, Phrynopus incluye ahora 32 especies nominales. Accepted by J. Padial: 10 Apr. 2017; published: 6 Jun. 2017 381 Introduction The genus Phrynopus is endemic to Peru and currently contains 28 species distributed in the Cordillera Oriental from the Huancabamba depression in northern Peru to the Mantaro-Ene drainages in central Peru (Duellman & Lehr 2009; Frost 2016), with one species known to occur in the Cordillera Occidental (Duellman 2000). Similarly to other genera of high-elevation terrestrial-breeding frogs such as Bryophryne and Psychrophrynella (Catenazzi & Ttito 2016; Lehr & Catenazzi 2010), including species which had been assigned to Phrynopus prior to the splitting of this genus (Hedges et al. 2008; Padial et al. 2014), species of Phrynopus often have very small geographic ranges: more than half the species (16 of 28) are only known from the type locality (Duellman & Lehr 2009; Frost 2016). Species richness is high in central Peru (Figure 1), but habitats occupied by species of Phrynopus such as cloud forests and high elevation grasslands (puna and wet montane grasslands) are distributed continuously along the eastern slopes of the Andes as far north as the Huancabamba depression. One could thus expect to find similar levels of species richness of Phrynopus in northern Peru, where many regions have been poorly surveyed (Catenazzi & von May 2014). One such region was the Río Abiseo National Park (Río Abiseo NP), on the Amazonian slopes of the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oriental, until teams of biologists started surveying vertebrate communities and discovered several new species (Gardner & Romo 1993; Leo & Gardner 1993). Río Abiseo NP is located in the Provincia Mariscal Cáceres, Department of San Martín, and protects the entire watershed of the río Abiseo (274,520 ha) from 600 to 4200 m (Figure 2). This watershed includes the Río Montecristo to the north, the Río Tumac in the middle, and the Río Abiseo to the south, flooding in a north-eastern direction into the Huallaga valley. The park lays south of the xeric Huancabamba depression, the most prominent physiographic feature of the so called cis-Andean region, often considered as a major geographical barrier for the distribution of Andean herpetofauna (Cadle 1991; Duellman 1979; Duellman & Wild 1993; Lynch 1986). A better knowledge of the herpetofauna of Río Abiseo NP improves our understanding of the biogeographic relevance of the Huancabamba depression (Lehr & Catenazzi 2011, 2013). We surveyed several localities within and adjacent to the upper part of Río Abiseo NP in July 1987, July 1988, July–August 1989, June–July 1999 and July 2000. This remote area was accessed after 1.5 days by mule and foot from Pataz (2600 m, Department of La Libertad), in the Marañon Valley. The survey area contains cloud and elfin forest, wet montane grasslands (grasslands covered by plant assemblages dominated by Loricaria sp., found from 3350 to 3850 m), and puna (general term for high-elevation grasslands) interspersed with glacial lakes which are at least 10,000 years old (Rodbell et al. 1992; Figure 3). Elfin forests occur within grasslands on slopes of small glacial valleys at lower elevations (3200–3550 m). Runoff from these valleys feed streams that descend sharply over steep slopes where continuous forest begins at approximately 3200 m. Along this altitudinal gradient ranging from 2200 to 3850 m, we collected 22 species of amphibians and reptiles. Among squamates, we collected an undescribed lizard of the genus Proctoporus sp., Sternocercus melanopygus Boulenger, and two snakes Erythrolamprus cf. taeniurus Tschudi and Chironius monticola Roze. We found more species of anurans: Telmatobius atahualpai Wiens, Gastrotheca phelloderma Lehr & Catenazzi, Hyloscirtus diabolus Rivera-Correa, García-Burneo & Grant, Pristimantis corrugatus (Duellman, Lehr & Venegas), P. deyi Lehr, Gregory & Catenazzi, P. wagteri (Venegas), and Phrynopus valquii, as well as undescribed species of Rhinella, Gastrotheca, Hypodactylus, and Pristimantis. Among the anuran specimens collected were four species of small, short-legged frogs inhabiting high- elevation montane forest and grasslands. All of these frogs are characterized by having tips of digits narrow, rounded or bulbous but always lacking circumferential grooves. Herein, we describe and name these four species and tentatively assign them to the Andean genus Phrynopus sensu Hedges et al. (2008), placed in the Terrarana taxon, and family Craugastoridae (Padial et al. 2014), based on an overall morphological similarity with other species of this genus. Materials and methods Specimens were collected during day and night while conducting visual transect surveys throughout the habitats. Mass of living frogs was measured to the nearest 0.5 g with spring scales (Pesola AG, Switzerland) prior to preservation. Then, specimens were euthanized with benzocaine 20%, preserved in 10% formalin, and stored in 382 · Zootaxa 4273 (3) © 2017 Magnolia Press RODRÍGUEZ & CATENAZZI FIGURE 1. Map of the Andes of central and northern Peru, with type localities of new species Phrynopus capitalis sp. nov., P. dumicola sp. nov., P. personatus sp. nov. (star) and P. anancites sp. nov. (asterisk) and of congeneric forms: P. valquii (asterisk), P. thompsoni (1), P. dae mon (2), P. lechriorhynchus and P. vestigiatus (3), P. horstpauli (4), P. kaune orum and P. kotosh (5), P. dagmarae and P. interstinctus (6), P. heimorum (7), P.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Species Diversity and Conservation Status of Amphibians in Madre De Dios, Southern Peru
    Herpetological Conservation and Biology 4(1):14-29 Submitted: 18 December 2007; Accepted: 4 August 2008 SPECIES DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION STATUS OF AMPHIBIANS IN MADRE DE DIOS, SOUTHERN PERU 1,2 3 4,5 RUDOLF VON MAY , KAREN SIU-TING , JENNIFER M. JACOBS , MARGARITA MEDINA- 3 6 3,7 1 MÜLLER , GIUSEPPE GAGLIARDI , LILY O. RODRÍGUEZ , AND MAUREEN A. DONNELLY 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE-167, Miami, Florida 33199, USA 2 Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 11, Perú 4 Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, California 94132, USA 5 Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118, USA 6 Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Zoología de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Pebas 5ta cuadra, Iquitos, Perú 7 Programa de Desarrollo Rural Sostenible, Cooperación Técnica Alemana – GTZ, Calle Diecisiete 355, Lima 27, Perú ABSTRACT.—This study focuses on amphibian species diversity in the lowland Amazonian rainforest of southern Peru, and on the importance of protected and non-protected areas for maintaining amphibian assemblages in this region. We compared species lists from nine sites in the Madre de Dios region, five of which are in nationally recognized protected areas and four are outside the country’s protected area system. Los Amigos, occurring outside the protected area system, is the most species-rich locality included in our comparison.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, a New Species of Bryophryne (Anura
    Zootaxa 1784: 1–10 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new species of Bryophryne (Anura: Strabomantidae) from southern Peru EDGAR LEHR1 & ALESSANDRO CATENAZZI2, 3 1Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde, Königsbrücker Landstrasse 159, D-01109 Dresden, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] 2Division of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA 3Present address: Department of Integrative Biology, University of California at Berkeley. 3060 Valley Life Sciences Bldg #3140, Ber- keley CA 94720, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of Bryophryne from southern Peru (Cusco Region) is described. Specimens were found in the leaf litter of cloud forest at elevations of 2350–3215 m. The new species has a maximum snout-vent length of 21.9 mm in adult females, 18.9 mm in adult males and is the smallest species of the genus. It lacks a tympanum and dentigerous processes of vomers, has dorsolateral folds, and males without vocal slits and without nuptial pads. The new species is most similar to B. bustamantei but differs in being smaller, having discontinuous dorsolateral folds, the males lacking vocal slits, and an overall darker ventral coloration. Bryophryne contains three species all of which lack a tympanum. The deep valley of the Río Apurímac as a distributional barrier separating Phrynopus from Bryophryne is discussed. Key words: Andes, biogeography, Bryophryne cophites, Bryophryne bustamantei Resumen Se describe una nueva especie de Bryophryne del sur de Perú (Región Cusco).
    [Show full text]
  • ANIFIBIOS Y REPTILES De La Parroquia Urbana Lumbaquí 1 Manuel R
    Cantón Gonzalo Pizarro, Sucumbíos, Ecuador ANIFIBIOS y REPTILES de la Parroquia Urbana Lumbaquí 1 Manuel R. Dueñas1 & Lesly Báez E.2 1Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), 2Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales. Fotografías: Manuel R. Dueñas (MRD), Lesly Báez E (LBE), Sebastián Valverde (SV), Juan Carlos Sánchez-Nivicela (JCSN), Santiago Varela Largo (SVL). Leyenda: (Juv): juvenil; (Sub): subadulto; (Met): metamórfico; (d): vista dorsal; (v): vista ventral; (l): vista lateral ingle; ♂: macho; ♀: hembra. Agradecimientos: Cecilia Tobar, Jorge H. Valencia, Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz, Juan Carlos Sánchez-Nivicela, Daniela Franco-Mena, Sebastián Valverde, Santiago Varela Largo, Luis Tipantiza- Tuguminago, Michelle Vela, Marco Benítez, Rosa Benítez.© Producido por Manuel R. Dueñas: [email protected] con el apoyo de Fundación EcoCiencia, Fundación Herpetológica Gustavo Orcés (FHGO), Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO). © Field Museum (2021) CC BY-NC 4.0. /RVWUDEDMRVFRQHVWDOLFHQFLDVRQOLEUHVGHXVDUFRPSDUWLUUHPH]FODUFRQDWULEXFLyQSHURQRSHUPLWHQ HOXVRFRPHUFLDOGHOWUDEDMRRULJLQDO [fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org] [1308] versión 1 3/2021 1 Allobates femoralis (Juv) 2 Allobates femoralis 3 Rhinella dapsilis 4 Rhinella margaritifera (Juv) AROMOBATIDAE AROMOBATIDAE BUFONIDAE BUFONIDAE (SV) (SV) (MRD) (MRD) 5 Rhinella margaritifera (Juv) 6 Rhinella margaritifera 7 Rhinella marina (Juv) 8 Rhinella marina BUFONIDAE BUFONIDAE BUFONIDAE BUFONIDAE (MRD) (MRD) (MRD) (MRD) 9 Teratohyla midas 10 Teratohyla
    [Show full text]
  • 4. DUELLMAN, WE & E. LEHR (2009). Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs
    PUBLICATIONS (133 in total) BOOKS & BOOK CONTRIBUTIONS (peer-reviewed*) 4. DUELLMAN, W. E. & E. LEHR (2009). Terrestrial-Breeding Frogs (Strabomantidae) in Peru. Natur- und Tier-Verlag, Naturwissenschaft, Münster, Germany, 382 pp. 3. LEHR, E. (2002). Amphibien und Reptilien in Peru: Die Herpetofauna entlang des 10. Breitengrades von Peru: Arterfassung, Taxonomie, ökologische Bemerkungen und biogeographische Beziehungen. Dissertation, Natur- und Tier-Verlag, Naturwissenschaft, Münster, Germany, 208 pp. 2. *BURKE, L. R., L. S. FORD, E. LEHR, S. MOCKFORD, P. C. H. PRITCHARD, J. P. O. ROSADO, D. M. SENNEKE, AND B. L. STUART (2007). Non-Standard Sources in a Standardized World: Responsible Practice and Ethics of Acquiring Turtle Specimens for Scientific Use, pp. 142– 146. In: SHAFFER, H.B., N. N. FITZSIMMONS, A. GEORGES & A. G.J. RHODIN (eds., 2007): Defining Turtle Diversity: Proceedings of a Workshop on Genetics, Ethics, and Taxonomy of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises. Chelonian Research Monograph 4:1– 200. 1. *LEHR, E. (2005). The Telmatobius and Batrachophrynus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) species of Peru, pp. 39–64. In: E. O. LAVILLA & I. DE LA RIVA, (eds.), Studies on the Andean Frogs of the Genera Telmatobius and Batrachophrynus, Asociación Herpetológica Española, Monografías de Herpetología 7:1–349. SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES (peer-reviewed) 91. CATENAZZI, A., E. LEHR & R. VON MAY (2014): The amphibians and reptiles of Manu National Park and its buffer zone, Amazon basin and eastern slopes of the Andes, Peru. Biota Neotropica 13(4): 269–283. 90. MORAVEC, J., LEHR E., CUSI, J. C., CÓRDOVA, J. H. & V. Gvoždík (2014): A new species of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the montane forest of the Selva Central, Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, a New, Long-Standing Misidentified Species Of
    Zootaxa 1823: 42–50 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new, long-standing misidentified species of Psychrophrynella Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke from Departamento Cusco, Peru (Anura: Strabomantidae) IGNACIO DE LA RIVA1,3, JUAN C. CHAPARRO2 & JOSÉ M. PADIAL1 1Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC. C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain 2Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Plaza de Armas s/n (Paraninfo Universitario), Cusco, Perú 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We present the description of a new species of the recently described genus Psychrophrynella. Hitherto, frogs of this new species were traditionally misidentified as Phrynopus peruvianus. The new species is known only from elevations of 3270–3450 m in the vicinity of the type locality in the Cordillera de Paucartambo, Departamento Cusco, Peru. It is unique within Psychrophrynella in having a marked, oblique inner tarsal tubercle. The geographically closest species Psychrophrynella bagrecito Lynch, also possesses a tarsal tubercle. Key words: Anura, Strabomantidae, Noblella, Phrynopus, Psychrophrynella, taxonomy, new species, Andes, Peru Introduction The study of the taxonomy of Andean frogs formerly included in the broad category of "eleutherodactylines" has accelerated in recent years with the description of dozens of species in the genera Eleutherodactylus, Phrynopus and Phyllonastes. In addition, the comprehensive phylogenetic studies of Heinicke et al. (2007) and Hedges et al. (2008) plus other, more partial studies (e. g., De la Riva et al., 2008; Padial et al., 2007; 2008) have led to a drastic taxonomic rearrangement of the whole group.
    [Show full text]
  • Taller Para Revisar La Lista Roja De Anfibios De Costa Rica De La UICN
    Taller para Revisar la Lista Roja de Anfibios de Costa Rica de la UICN y Evaluación del Cumplimiento de las Acciones de la Estrategia de Conservación de los Anfibios de Costa Rica 3-4 de agosto, 2010 Escuela de Biología Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica Informe Final Organizado por Bolaños, F., G. Chaves, J. E. Rodríguez, B. Young & Y. Matamoros (Eds.) 2010. Taller para Revisar la Lista Roja de Anfibios de Costa Rica de la UICN y Evaluación del Cumplimiento de las Acciones de la Estrategia de Conservación de los Anfibios de Costa Rica. 3-4 de agosto, 2010. Escuela de Biología de la Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica. Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (SSC/IUCN)/CBSG Mesoamerica. Foto portada: Incilius holdridgei. José Andrés Salazar. Una contribución del Grupo de Especialistas en Conservación y Reproducción (CBSG) SSC/UICN. CBSG, SSC y UICN, promueven talleres y otros foros para el análisis y consideración de problemas relativos a la conservación, y considera que los informes de estas reuniones son de gran utilidad cuando son distribuidos extensamente. Las opiniones y recomendaciones expresadas en este informe reflejan los asuntos discutidos y las ideas expresadas por los participantes del taller y no necesariamente refleja la opinión o la posición de CBSG, SSC o UICN. Copias adicionales de esta publicación se pueden ordenar a través de: IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG), 12101 Johnny Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124. E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cbsg.org
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract Book JMIH 2011
    Abstract Book JMIH 2011 Abstracts for the 2011 Joint Meeting of Ichthyologists & Herpetologists AES – American Elasmobranch Society ASIH - American Society of Ichthyologists & Herpetologists HL – Herpetologists’ League NIA – Neotropical Ichthyological Association SSAR – Society for the Study of Amphibians & Reptiles Minneapolis, Minnesota 6-11 July 2011 Edited by Martha L. Crump & Maureen A. Donnelly 0165 Fish Biogeography & Phylogeography, Symphony III, Saturday 9 July 2011 Amanda Ackiss1, Shinta Pardede2, Eric Crandall3, Paul Barber4, Kent Carpenter1 1Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA, 2Wildlife Conservation Society, Jakarta, Java, Indonesia, 3Fisheries Ecology Division; Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, USA, 4University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Corroborated Phylogeographic Breaks Across the Coral Triangle: Population Structure in the Redbelly Fusilier, Caesio cuning The redbelly yellowtail fusilier, Caesio cuning, has a tropical Indo-West Pacific range that straddles the Coral Triangle, a region of dynamic geological history and the highest marine biodiversity on the planet. Caesio cuning is a reef-associated artisanal fishery, making it an ideal species for assessing regional patterns of gene flow for evidence of speciation mechanisms as well as for regional management purposes. We evaluated the genetic population structure of Caesio cuning using a 382bp segment of the mitochondrial control region amplified from over 620 fish sampled from 33 localities across the Philippines and Indonesia. Phylogeographic
    [Show full text]
  • Anura: Craugastoridae) with the Description of a New Species from Colombia
    Acta Herpetologica 11(1): 31-45, 2016 DOI: 10.13128/Acta_Herpetol-16434 Molecular phylogenetics of the Pristimantis lacrimosus species group (Anura: Craugastoridae) with the description of a new species from Colombia Mauricio Rivera-Correa, Juan M. Daza* Grupo Herpetológico de Antioquia, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 # 53–108, Bloque 7–121, A.A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia. *Correspondig author. E-mail: [email protected] Submitted on 2015, 17th July; revised on 2015, 11thNovember; accepted on 2015, 16th November Editor: Adriana Bellati Abstract. The Pristimantis lacrimosus species group, with 24 species distributed in the Neotropics, is a group of arbo- real frogs commonly inhabiting bromeliads. Previous studies have claimed the group to be monophyletic but few spe- cies have been included in phylogenetic analyses. In this paper, we included five additional species from the northern Andes in Colombia and tested the monophyly of this phenetic group using genetic data under a Bayesian approach. Our results show that the P. lacrimosus group represents two distant and unrelated clades. Clade “A” is endemic to Colombia while Clade “B” encompasses species distributed in Central America, Ecuador and Peru. For the first time, we reveal the phylogenetic position of P. boulengeri and a new species is described. The new taxon is most closely related to P. brevifrons from southwestern Colombia with a genetic distance of 4.3% for 16S and 10.6% for COI. Our results suggest, one more time, that morphological similarity among species in the most diverse vertebrate genus not necessarily agree with its evolutionary history and that more effort in alpha taxonomy needs to be done in order to understand the tremendous radiation of this lineage in the Neotropics.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Frog (Terrarana, Strabomantidae, Phrynopus) from the Peruvian Andean Grasslands
    A new species of frog (Terrarana, Strabomantidae, Phrynopus) from the Peruvian Andean grasslands Germán Chávez1,3, Luis Alberto García Ayachi1,3 and Alessandro Catenazzi1,2,3 1 División de Herpetología, CORBIDI, Lima, Perú 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America 3 Instituto Peruano de Herpetología, Lima, Perú ABSTRACT We describe a new, medium-sized species of terrestrial frog of the genus Phrynopus from a single locality in the central Andes of Peru (Departamento de Huánuco) at 3,730 meters of elevation. Phylogenetic analyses supported Phrynopus remotum sp. nov. as an independent lineage, sister to most of its congeners. The new species is morphologically distinguishable by the presence of small tubercles on upper eyelids and heels, an areolate venter, and the absence of dorsolateral folds or ridges. This species inhabits the highlands adjacent to the Marañón Dry valley. The only sympatric amphibian species recorded is the marsupial frog Gastrotheca peruana. Subjects Biodiversity, Conservation Biology, Ecology, Taxonomy, Zoology Keywords Phrynopus, Andes, Peru, Areolate venter, Phylogenetic, Lineage, Huánuco, Marañón INTRODUCTION Terrestrial-breeding frogs of the genus Phrynopus inhabit Andean highland habitats such as puna grasslands and montane forests in central and northern Peru (Lehr, Moravec & Cusi, 2012). Twelve species (over a third of the current diversity of the genus) have been Submitted 13 April 2020 described since 2012. Except for P. mariellaleo Venegas et al. (2018) from northern Peru, all Accepted 6 June 2020 other recently described species occur in central Peru. Moreover, the distribution ranges Published 24 June 2020 of most species are restricted to one or two localities, and rarely overlap with the range Corresponding author of congeneric species.
    [Show full text]
  • 3Systematics and Diversity of Extant Amphibians
    Systematics and Diversity of 3 Extant Amphibians he three extant lissamphibian lineages (hereafter amples of classic systematics papers. We present widely referred to by the more common term amphibians) used common names of groups in addition to scientifi c Tare descendants of a common ancestor that lived names, noting also that herpetologists colloquially refer during (or soon after) the Late Carboniferous. Since the to most clades by their scientifi c name (e.g., ranids, am- three lineages diverged, each has evolved unique fea- bystomatids, typhlonectids). tures that defi ne the group; however, salamanders, frogs, A total of 7,303 species of amphibians are recognized and caecelians also share many traits that are evidence and new species—primarily tropical frogs and salaman- of their common ancestry. Two of the most defi nitive of ders—continue to be described. Frogs are far more di- these traits are: verse than salamanders and caecelians combined; more than 6,400 (~88%) of extant amphibian species are frogs, 1. Nearly all amphibians have complex life histories. almost 25% of which have been described in the past Most species undergo metamorphosis from an 15 years. Salamanders comprise more than 660 species, aquatic larva to a terrestrial adult, and even spe- and there are 200 species of caecilians. Amphibian diver- cies that lay terrestrial eggs require moist nest sity is not evenly distributed within families. For example, sites to prevent desiccation. Thus, regardless of more than 65% of extant salamanders are in the family the habitat of the adult, all species of amphibians Plethodontidae, and more than 50% of all frogs are in just are fundamentally tied to water.
    [Show full text]
  • Shifts in the Diversity of an Amphibian Community from a Premontane Forest of San Ramón, Costa Rica Cambios En La Diversidad De
    DOI 10.15517/RBT.V67I2SUPL.37240 Artículo Shifts in the diversity of an amphibian community from a premontane forest of San Ramón, Costa Rica Cambios en la diversidad de una comunidad de anfibios en un bosque premontano de San Ramón, Costa Rica Víctor J. Acosta-Chaves1, 2* Víctor Madrigal-Elizondo3 Gerardo Chaves4 Brayan Morera-Chacón5 Adrián García-Rodríguez 4, 6 Federico Bolaños 4 1 Carrera de Turismo Ecológico, Universidad de Costa Rica Sede Atlántico, Recinto de Paraíso, Cartago, Costa Rica; [email protected]* 2 Red Mesoamericana y del Caribe para la Conservación de Anfibios y Reptiles. 3 Red de Áreas Protegidas, Universidad de Costa Rica, Sede Rodrigo Facio, San Pedro, Costa Rica; [email protected] 4 Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica; [email protected], [email protected] 5 Instituto Internacional para la Conservación y Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica; [email protected] 6 Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; [email protected] * Correspondence Received 05-X-2018 Corrected 18-I-2019 Accepted 06-II-2019 Abstract Biological communities are experiencing rapid shifts of composition in Neotropical ecosystems due to several factors causing population declines. However, emerging evidence has provided insights on the adaptive potential of multiple species to respond to illnesses and environmental pressures. In Costa Rica, the decline of amphibian populations is a remarkable example of these changes. Here we provide evidence of variation in the amphibian richness of a premontane forest of San Ramón (Costa Rica) across a ~30 year period.
    [Show full text]
  • Two New Species of Andes Frogs (Craugastoridae: Phrynopus) from the Cordillera De Carpish in Central Peru
    SALAMANDRA 53(3) 327–338 15Two August new 2017 Phrynopus-ISSNspecies 0036–3375 from central Peru Two new species of Andes Frogs (Craugastoridae: Phrynopus) from the Cordillera de Carpish in central Peru Edgar Lehr1 & Daniel Rodríguez2 1) Department of Biology, Illinois Wesleyan University, 303 E Emerson, Bloomington, IL 61701, USA 2) Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Av. Arenales 1256, Lince, Lima 14, Perú Corresponding author: Edgar Lehr, e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received: 12 March 2017 Accepted on 4 April 2017 by Jörn Köhler Abstract. We describe two new species of Phrynopus from the Unchog Elfin Forest of the Cordillera de Carpish in the eastern Andes of central Peru, Región Huánuco. Specimens were obtained from the Puna at elevations between 3276 and 3582 m above sea level. One of the new species is described based on a single male which has a pale gray coloration with large tubercles on dorsum and flanks. It is most similar toP. bufoides and P. thompsoni. The second new species is described based on a male and a female. This new species has a grayish-brown coloration with reddish-brown groin, and discontinu- ous dorsolateral folds. It is most similar to P. dagmarae and P. vestigiatus. There are currently 32 species of Phrynopus, all known from Peru, seven (22%) of which inhabit the Cordillera de Carpish. Key words. Amphibia, Anura, new species, Puna, singleton species, taxonomy, Unchog forest. Resumen. Describimos dos nuevas especies de Phrynopus del bosque enano de Unchog en la Cordillera de Carpish en los Andes orientales del centro del Perú, en la región de Huánuco.
    [Show full text]