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MULTIPLE TUNED MASS DAMPER in TALL BUILDINGS a Thesis MULTIPLE TUNED MASS DAMPER IN TALL BUILDINGS A Thesis submitted to the faculty of Z ° f ^ San Francisco State University fL ^ ^ ^ In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Engineering: Structural/Earthquake Engineering by Laura I. Marji San Francisco, California May 2019 Copyright by Laura I Marji 2019 CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL I certify that I have read Multiple Tuned Mass Damper in Tall Buildings by Laura Magi, and that in my opinion this work meets the criteria for approving a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree Master of Science in Structural/Earthquake Engineering at San Francisco State University. Jenna Wong? Ph.D. Assistant Professor Cheng Chen, Ph.D. Associate Professor MULTIPLE TUNED MASS DAMPER IN TALL BUILDINGS Laura Maiji San Francisco, California 2019 Tall structures are subject to dynamic excitations from wind and seismic loads. In this study, the efficiency of utilizing MTMDs in a 20 story height building are tested with special attention given to the seismic response due to the distribution of TMDs across a given story and through the elevation. The story displacements, shear force, and acceleration results showed that TMDs can dramatically dissipate energy in structures when they are used in groups with various distribution. The study indicates that, firstly, whatever the amount of total TMD mass increases, the reduction in structural dynamic response also increases. Secondly, the vertical distribution of MTMD is more effective in controlling the performance of structures than horizontal distribution, especially under ground motions with short wavelength. And lastly, the most optimum distribution of TMDs is on the floor plan and through the elevation of the model at the same time in order to have the most controlled behavior. I certify that the Abstract is a correct representation of the content of this thesis. Date PREFACE AND/OR ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This basis for my research was stemmed from my passion for developing better methods of earthquake resistance in buildings. As the world moves further into the construction of high rise buildings, earthquakes can cause significant damage to buildings and high fatalities. This presents a greater need to utilize energy dissipation devises that control the behavior of structures minimizing damage. How will we utilize this method? It is my passion to not only find out, but to test the efficiency of methods that make structures earthquake resistant for the safety of the future generations. In truth, I could not have achieved my current level of success without a strong support group. First, my parents, who supported me with love and understanding. And secondly, my committee members, each of whom has provided patient advice and guidance throughout the research process. Thank you all for your unwavering support. v TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Table..................................................................................................................................vii List of Figures.............................................................................................................................viii List of Appendices........................................................................................................................ix 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................ 1 2. Background........................................................................................................................2 3. TM D .................................................................................................................................... 4 3.1 O verview .................................................................................................................... 4 3.2 O rigin..........................................................................................................................4 3.3 Research Development............................................................................................ 6 3.4 M T M D ........................................................................................................................9 3.5 Applications.............................................................................................................12 4. Model ................................................................................................................................ 16 4.1 Structure....................................................................................................................16 4.2 TM D .......................................................................................................................... 18 5. R e su lts............................................................................................................................. 24 5.1 El Centro Ground motion .................................................................................... 25 5.2 Kocaeli Ground motion.........................................................................................36 6. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 49 Appendices.....................................................................................................................................51 R eference.......................................................................................................................................75 vi LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Types of Control Systems.......................................................................................................1 2. TMD Research Developm ent................................................................................................ 6 3. MTMD Research Development...........................................................................................10 4. Application of tuned mass damper (TMD)....................................................................... 15 5. Dimensions of reinforced concrete elements of the MRF building..............................17 6. TMD Scenarios....................................................................................................................... 20 7. Properties of TMDs used in the testing models in both X, Y directions with equal total m ass............................................................................................................................................. 22 8. Properties of TMDs with different total mass in both X, Y directions....................... 23 vii LIST OF FIGURES Figures Page 1. Schematic Representation of a Two DOF System................................................................. 6 2. Taipai 101 (Pendulum T M D )...................................................................................................13 3. One Rincon Hill (Water Tank TM D)..................................................................................... 14 4. Millennium Bridge (Spring and Dashpot TMD) ................................................................ 14 5. Typical structural plan of each floor of the 20th story building model.......................... 17 6. Plan of TMD components in X and Y directions................................................................ 18 7. Horizontal arrangement of TMDs on floor plan ...................................................................19 8. Vertical arrangement of TMDs on Model elevation........................................................... 20 9. Comparison of displacement of models without TMD, with Shear wall, and scenarios 16-20 with the equal TMD total mass..................................................................................... 22 10. El Centro ground motion’s wave length................................................................................ 24 11. Kocaeli ground motion’s wave length....................................................................................24 12. Comparison of Displacements Across Structural Profile under (El Centro) seismic load with different arrangements of TM Ds...........................................................................25 13. Comparison of Author’s Displacements Results Across Structural Profile under (El Centro) seismic load with different arrangements of TM Ds.............................................27 14. Comparison of Shear Forces of the model under (El Centro) Seismic load with different arrangements of TM Ds............................................................................................. 29 15-21. Period vs. Pseudo Acceleration Spectral under (El Centro) Seismic load 32-35 22. Comparison of Displacements Across Structural Profile under (Kocaeli) seismic load with different arrangements of TM Ds....................................................................................38 23. Comparison of Shear Forces of the model under (Kocaeli) Seismic load with different arrangements of TMDs.............................................................................................................. 41 24-30. Period vs. Pseudo Acceleration Spectral under (Kocaeli) Seismic load 44-48 viii LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix Page 1. Appendix A: Comparison of Shear Forces of the model under (El Centro) Seismic load with different arrangements of TM Ds...........................................................................51 2. Appendix
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