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JEWISH STATISTICS the Statistics of Jews in the World Rests Largely Upon Estimates

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JEWISH STATISTICS the Statistics of Jews in the World Rests Largely Upon Estimates 150 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK JEWISH STATISTICS The statistics of Jews in the world rests largely upon estimates. In Russia, Austria-Hungary, Germany, and a few other countries, official figures are obtainable. In the main, however, the numbers given are based upon estimates repeated and added to by one statis- tical authority after another. In spite of the unsatisfactoriness of the method, it may be assumed that the numbers given are approximately correct. For the statistics given below various authorities have been consulted, among them the " Statesman's Year Book" for 1905, the English " Jewish Year Book" for 5665, " The Jewish Ency- clopedia," and the Alliance Israelite Universelle reports. Some of the statements rest upon the authority of competent individ- uals. A comparison with last year's statistics will show that for several countries the figures have been changed. In most cases, the change is due to the fact that the results of the census of 1900, 1901, and 1902 have only now become available. THE UNITED STATES As the census of the United States has, in accordance with the spirit of American institutions, taken no heed of the religious convictions of American citizens, whether native-born or natural- ized, all statements concerning the number of Jews living in this country are based upon estimate, though several of the estimates have been most conscientiously made. The Jewish population was estimated In 1818 by Mordecai M. Noah at 3,000 In 1824 by Solomon Etting at 6,000 In 1826 by Isaac C. Harby at 6,000 In 1840 by the American Almanac at 15,000 In 1848 by M. A. Berk at 50,000 In 1880 by Win. B. Hackenburg at 230,257 In 1888 by Isaac Markens at 400,000 In 1897 by David Sulzberger at 937,800 The following table by States is a modification of that given in the AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK for 5665, by reason of changes in the estimated populations of Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, and Pennsylvania. The new fig- ures have been adopted from " The Jewish Encyclopedia." JEWISH STATISTICS 151 Alabama 7,000 Nebraska 3,800 Arizona 2,000 Nevada 300 Arkansas 3,085 New Hampshire 1,000 California 28,000 New Jersey 25,000 Colorado 5,800 New Mexico 800 Connecticut 5,500 New York 750,000 N. and S. Dakota 3,500 North Carolina 6,000 Delaware 928 Ohio 50,000 District of Columbia.. 3,500 Oklahoma 1,000 Florida 3,000 Oregon 6,000 Georgia 7,000 Pennsylvania 100,000 Hawaiian Islands 100 Philippine Islands 100 Idaho 300 Porto Rico 100 Illinois 100,000 Rhode Island 3,500 Indiana 25,000 South Carolina 2,500 Iowa 5,000 Tennessee 10,000 Kansas 3,000 Texas 15,000 Kentucky 12,000 Utah 5,000 Louisiana 12,000 Vermont 700 Maine 5,000 Virginia 15,000 Maryland 26,500 Washington 2,800 Massachusetts 60,000 West Virginia 1,500 Michigan 16,000 Wisconsin 15,000 Minnesota 13,000 Wyoming 1,000 Mississippi 3,000 Missouri 50,000 Total 1,418,813 Montana 2,500 The total Jewish immigration to the United States, through the ports of New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, from 1881 to July 1, 1905, is stated to have been 945,843, although it is by no means certain that this number does not include Christians from Russia and Austria. The immigation at the same ports from July 1, 1904, to June 30, 1905, was as follows: Port of Fort of Port of Totals New York Philadel- Baltl- at three phia more Ports Aua- Eou- Ena- Totals at Totals Totals trians manlam sianB Others New York July 1,448 416 9,480 165 11,509 1,082 495 13,086 August .. 1,670 391 9,849 235 12,145 672 896 13,713 September 1,272 479 6,705 238 8,694 1,034 606 10,334 October . 1,287 226 6,172 174 7,859 754 128 8,741 November 2,170 617 10,015 145 12,947 957 505 14,409 December 1,814 357 8,495 110 10,776 1,105 480 12,361 January . 1,430 352 8,347 119 10,248 1,127 214 11,589 February 992 240 3,983 85 5,300 570 279 6,149 March .. 1,437 198 5,612 108 7,355 536 362 8,253 April ... 905 198 4,106 66 5,275 755 386 6,416 May 928 265 2,485 48 3,726 277 88 4,091 June ... 1,028 302 6,091 686 8,107 523 647 9,277 16,381 4,041 81,340 2,179 103,941 9,392 5,086 118,419 152 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK The total number of immigrants at each of these three ports for the preceding year was: New York, 80,885; Philadelphia, 5310; Baltimore, 6606; in all, 92.801.1 THE BRITISH EMPIRE England and Wales... 196,000 South Africa 30,000 Ireland 3,898 Gibraltar 3,000 Australasia 16,840 Malta 173 Canada and British Aden 3,000 Columbia 25,000 Cyprus 119 Barbadoes 21 Hong Kong 143 Trinidad 31 Straits Settlement 535 Jamaica 2,400 India 18,228 Total 299,388 GENERAL JEWISH STATISTICS United States 1,418,813 Morocco 109,712 British Empire 299,388 Netherlands 103,988 Abyssinia (Fala- Curagoa 103 shas) 120,000 Surinam 1,158 Argentine Republic... 22,500 Persia 49,500 Austria-Hungary2 2,076,378 Peru 498 Belgium 12,000 Roumania 276,493 Bosnia, Herzegovina.. 8,213 Russia 5,215,805 Brazil 3,000 Servia 5,729 China 300 Spain 402 Costa Rica 43 Sweden and Norway.. 3,402 Cuba 4,000 Switzerland 12,264 Denmark 3,476 Turkey4 463,686 France 90,000 Bulgaria 33,717 Algeria 63,000 Egypt 30,578 Tunis 62,540 Crete 1,150 Germany * 586,948 Turkestan and Af- Greece 5,792 ghanistan 14,000 Italy 35,617 Venezuela 411 Luxembourg 1,201 Mexico 1,000 Total 11,136,805 1 For a more detailed statement of Jewish Immigration into the United States, see the AMERICAN JEWISH YKAB BOOK for 5660, pp. 283-284. 1 851,378 in Hungary. • 392,322 in Prussia. * 78,000 in Palestine. BOOKS IN ENGLISH ON PALESTINE 153 ONE HUNDKED AVAILABLE BOOKS IN ENGLISH ON PALESTINE. As a result of the past twenty-five years' exploration in Palestine, practically the whole of the country, both east and west of the Jordan, has been surveyed and mapped, trigo- nometrically as well as geologically, and the way has been cleared for the present task of investigators, that of excavat- ing the ruins of Biblical sites. Until the present century the only extended excavations, aside from those in connection with the walls at Jerusalem, had been made in the Philistine lowlands, or Shephelah, two of the five ruins excavated there being identified respectively as Lachish and Mareshah. One of the principal sites at present under investigation likewise lies in this district, namely, the ancient Gezer (Tell Jezer), where the Palestine Exploration Fund has been at work since 1902. Explorers, however, are now turning their attention to other regions also, and since April, 1903, extensive excava- tions have been under way in the southern part of the Plain of Jezreel (i. e. at Tell Mutesellim), in the region where lay the ancient Megiddo. This work is being done by the German Palestine Society. At Sidon excavations have been, and are being, made by the Turkish Government. The remaining archaeological work now being prosecuted is concerned with the superficial examination of sites for future excavation, the sur- veying of a few not yet fully explored districts, and the gather- ing of inscriptions. The Princeton University Syrian expe- dition, for instance, set out in October, 1904, for a year's work in Eastern .Palestine and Northern Syria; and similar expedi- 154 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK tions for minor investigations are being sent out by each of three schools existing in Jerusalem, the German (Das Deutsche Evangelische Institut), the American (School of Archaeology), and the French (L'Ecole Biblique de St. Etienne). Detailed reports of the work being done by the Palestine Exploration Fund are given in the Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly (London, Palest. Ex. Fund, $2.50), which notices also the work of other societies and expeditions. The only other journal in English devoted exclusively to the subject of Oriental excavations is Biblia, a monthly journal published at Meriden, Conn. ($1 per year). The following is a list of works in English, in part detailed and scientific, in part popular and impressionistic, dealing with Palestine. The reader seeking to acquire a general and comprehensive idea of the physical features of the land is recommended to study one of the shorter text books or sum- maries, and then to read several of the popular illustrated works of travel in connection with one of the guide-books. WILLIAM POPPER ADLEB, E. Jews in Many Lands. Philadelphia, 1905 (Jewish Publication Society of America). Includes sketches of scenes and life in Palestine; especially interesting from Jewish standpoint. ARMSTRONG, G. Names and Places in the Old and New Testament and Apocrypha with their Modern Identification. London, 1889. $1-50. More than 1150 names of places in the Holy Land, Mesopotamia, Edom, Desert of Sinai, and Egypt. BADEKEE'S Palestine and Syria. Leipsic, 1898, 3d ed. (Badeker; New York, Scribner). $3.60. Prepared by Benziger. Popular and accurate resume's of Palestinian geography, geology, flora, ana fauna, populations, manners, and customs, art, language, religions, and history, with identification of Biblical sites, and maps. Handy for reference as well as a guide-book.
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