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From Tribal Rebellions to Revolution: British Counter-Insurgency Oper
From Tribal Rebellions to Revolution: British Counter-Insurgency Oper... http://www.history.ac.uk/resources/e-journal-international-history/maw... Home » Publications » Electronic Journal of International History Electronic Journal of International History - Article 5 ISSN 1471-1443 Introduction | Contents From Tribal Rebellions to Revolution: British Counter-Insurgency Operations in Southwest Arabia 1955-67 by Spencer Mawby Department of Politics, University of Leicester, UK 1. During the post-1945 era British political and military leaders switched their attention from the conduct of a total war to the prosecution of small wars in defence of imperial commitments around the world. The history of counter-insurgency campaigns in Malaya, Kenya and Cyprus provide evidence for the notion that British post-war leaders remained wedded to the global role despite the existence of new commitments on the continent of Europe. The purposes of Britains late colonial wars varied but as a minimum they had as their aim the establishment of sufficient order for the smooth hand-over of power to local elites sympathetic to western interests. By this criterion the least successful of all these small wars was fought in Southwest Arabia. In the town of Aden and the surrounding Protectorates British determination to maintain their interests came into conflict with the sudden emergence of an active independence movement fuelled by the post-Suez growth of Arab nationalism. During the course of the late 1950s and 1960s Aden became the site of a campaign of urban terrorism in which opposition groups fought with the British and each other. Outside the town in the Western Aden Protectorate (WAP) tribal rebellions began to take the form of nationalist uprisings. -
Men, Matters and Memories 1960
Men, Matters and Memories By M.A. Lokman – Advocate Editor – in – chief Supervision, Edition, Compilation and Introduction by: Professor Ahmed Ali AlHamdani Foreword Knowledge is the only path to salvation, abundant education is the strongest basis for the equality of nations, their appreciation for each other Muhammad Ali Luqman I thought of writing an introduction to my father’s book which is the only one of his writings published in English so far. The book, ‘Men, Matters and Memories’ is a collection of memories that father used to publish each week in his English newspaper, ‘The Aden Chronicle’; they date from 1960, 1961, 1962. Other articles in the series sadly have either been lost or are in too poor a condition, ancient, and fragile to be retyped ready for publication. My father used the spelling of his name as Lokman in all his English writings. It was almost 40 years after my father’s passing when, the project of collecting, archiving, and publishing his papers, books, photographs, speeches, and radio recordings, was initiated by my brother Maher Muhammed Ali Luqman. He had managed to rescue a large amount of the material already but through publicity and reward he collected other works that had been lost. This initial stage took a lot of time, money, and effort but once completed Maher approached Dr Ahmed Ali Alhamadani and invited him to take on the next stage of researching the material and preparing it for printing and publication. This was also a time consuming, costly, and dedicated effort which has meant that father’s works are now available to anyone who wishes to access his legacy. -
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ARABTA-THE BRITISH SPHERE D. A. Nicholas Jones I IN the years immediately following the Second World War, Britain continued to hold positions of strength in Libya, Egypt, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, as well as South Arabia: that is, the eastern and southern fringes of the Saudi Kingdom. When Arab nationalists list the key events in Britain's retreat in the later 'fifties, the items read: the Egyptian-Czech arms deal, the failure of the Templer mission in Jordan, the dismissal of Glubb, the nationalization of the Canal, the failure of the Suez invasion, the end of the Anglo-Jordan treaty, the formation of the United Arab Republic, the association of the Yemen with the United Arab Republic, the breach with Iraq.' South Arabia is the last place in the Arab world where Britain has control and sufficient power still to make decisions. The successive retreats of Britain are all pre- sented, of course, as the result of Arab initiatives. Less publicized is the development of the Middle East oil-fields and the deterioration of Britain's position. In 1939 the British share of Middle East oil produc- tion was 60 per cent, while that of America was only 13 per cent. Within fifteen years from the end of the war, the American share was 65 per cent, with only 30 per cent going to British-controlled firms. If Arab nationalists want to present an objective history of Britain's decline in the Middle East, they should begin with this fact rather than a list of political defeats, although these are not unimportant. -
A Bed of Procrustes TRIPODI Epub13jan2016 GREEN
King’s Research Portal DOI: 10.1080/03086534.2015.1123976 Document Version Peer reviewed version Link to publication record in King's Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Tripodi, C. (2016). 'A Bed of Procrustes': The Aden Protectorate and the Forward Policy 1934-44. JOURNAL OF IMPERIAL AND COMMONWEALTH HISTORY, 44(1), 95-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/03086534.2015.1123976 Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. •Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. •You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain •You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. -
UNITED NATIONS Generkl ASSEMBLY
~ UNITED NATIONS GENERkL ASSEMBLY ENGLISH I I SPECIAL COMMIT'lj'E;E ON THE SITUATION WI'I'H REGARD TO TH_lj; IMPLEMENTAT I ON OF THE DECLARATI ON GN THE GRANTING OF INDEPENDENCE TO COLONIAL COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES DRAFT REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMI'ITEE ON THE SITUATION W 'IH REGARD TO 'I'HE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE GRANTING OF I NDEPENDENCE TO COLONIAL COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES* (covering its work during 1965) Rapporteur : Mr. K. NATWAR SI NGH (India) ADEN CONTENTS Paragr phs Page I. INFORMATION ON THE TERRITORY 1 - 8 2 A. General . 1 - 2 B. Political and Constitutional developments 3 - 0 3 C. EconJmic conditions 41 - 14 D. Soci 1 conditions 69 - 21 E. Educational conditions 85 - 23 II. CONSIDERJ}TI ON BY THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE 99 - 75 28 .. Introduction . 99 00 28 ✓ ,. A. Written petitions and hearings 101 - 20 28 B. Statements by members . 121 - 75 34 • III. ACTION T"4KEN BY THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE 276 - 02 78 ANNEX: REPORT OF TEE SUB - COMMITTEE ON ADEN * This docu1ent contains the draft chapter on Aden. Part I was previously issued as Annex III of the report of the Sub - Committee on Ade (A/AC.109/L.194 and Corr.1). Other chapters of the draft report of the Speci 1 Cammi ttee will ,. be reproduced as separate documents . / ... ' A/AC .109 /L .236 English Page 2 (!· .; I. INFORMATION ON THE TERRITORY A. GENERAL 1. The Territory of Aden consists of the Colony of Aden, no ...· known as Aden State and twenty Protectorates known as the Protectorate of South Arabia. -
The Southern Reality Between Discord and Consensus
Study The Southern Reality Between Discord and Consensus A Vision in History, Politics and Society South Yemen 1960 – 2021 Farida Ahmed | August 2021 South 24 Center for News and Studies South24 Center for News and Studies The Southern Reality Between Discord and Consensus A Vision in History, Politics and Society South Yemen Farida Ahmed | August 2021 Center for News and Studies (All Rights Reserved for South24) (The opinions expressed in this study represent the author) 1 South24 Center for News and Studies TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Topic 3 Summary 6 Introduction 7 General background 8 First: a historical glimpse about South 11 ● A union on the end road 13 Second: the political reality’s influence on South 15 ● Stages between discord and consensus 18 ● Components of the Post – 2015 war in Yemen 2015 19 Third: the southern society 20 ● Local identities and their diversity 23 ● The Southern tribal composition 25 ● Religious identity 26 Conclusion 28 Recommendations 30 References 2 South24 Center for News and Studies Summary Understanding the reality of South Yemen is currently of urgent importance. in spite of the discord and consensus aspects among the Southerners through different historical stages, and the great political influence caused by the interrelation, there are deeper ties and a state of national richness that has found their way in a society of variable cultural, social and economic characteristics as well as other fields. Such a thing requires maintenance and observance. it becomes clear that the coherent religious identity in South, based upon coexistence and harmony has not been affected by the sharp sectarian dimension during the latest Yemeni War, which turned by some Yemeni parties, such as the Islah party, ideologically affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood, and the Iranian-backed Houthis, to a religious and sectarian conflict. -
Airpower in the Aden Protectorate
AIRPOWER IN THE ADEN PROTECTORATE by *- JAMES GILBERT ALLEN B. A., Drury College, 1966 A MASTER'S REPORT submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement! for the degree MASTER OF ARTS Department of History KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 1968 Approved by: Major Professor ID ftu CA PREFACE Since the end of the 1939-1945 World War, Britain's presence on the land area of the Middle East has been steadily reduced. By studying the military techniques, the how of British presence in South Arabia, rather than the political why of that presence, it is hoped that certain lessons might be derived that will act as keys to any study of such security operations in the area. An attempt has been made to limit the consi- derations solely to the area of South Arabia. However, descriptions of military actions which Involve the expendi- ture of wealth and manpower, can never attain the dignity of history un- less larger political and social factors are weighed in the balance as well. Military operations do not exist in a vacuum. The effects of outmoded military techniques and thinking are usually, though not always, fatal. Such shortcomings are evident in the South Arabian operations studied, though each campaign was properly considered successful. The British position deteriorated becauae of Ideological and nationalistic pressures, and not because of military impotence. The very successes that failed to maintain an imperial power in South Arabia are worthy of study if future events in the newly independent states are to be fully Interpreted. It is hoped that this report will point up, not only areas for further research, but some of the basic facts of the situation in South Arabia. -
The Ruud Verkerk Collection on Yemen and Some Other Regions of Arabia the TRAVELS of RUUD VERKERK
Catalogue 526 The Ruud Verkerk Collection on Yemen and some other regions of Arabia THE TRAVELS OF RUUD VERKERK Preface After several visits to Egypt, Yemen sparked my interest when Guided by the maps of Philby, Thesiger, van der Meulen and I stumbled upon the book Vanishing Arabia of diplomat Daniël Freya Stark, I travelled in their footsteps. The map of Philby van der Meulen in the public library of my hometown Gouda. with the route to Shabwa was littered with names; when I read A new world opened up to me. In 1987 I went to Yemen for the them to my bedouin driver he pointed left and right to rocks first time. With a week’s stop-over in Caïro, I flew to Sana’a in and sand dunes: every note on the map corresponded with a what was then called North-Yemen. I crisscrossed through the landmark. The wadi Hadhramaut, the wadi Dowan, and the country using service taxi’s or by hitchhiking, and travelled wadi Amd with its beautiful architecture. The turqouise river to all places and regions my travel permit allowed me to visit. north of Bir Ali, the wadi Hajr towards Sidara on my way to This journey would be the start of eight travels to Yemen, and wadi Amd. The north is a very interesting area, with Sada’s the beginning of a book collection that grew with each visit. architecture, Baqem at the Saoudi border, Jebel um Laila with its These books and articles were partly acquired to prepare for Citadel at the top, and the beautiful villages towards Najran. -
Yemen : Dancing on the Heads of Snakes / Victoria Clark
3107_FM_UK.qxp 5/7/10 3:59 PM Page i 1 2 3 4 YEMEN 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 31 32 33 3107_FM_UK.qxp 5/7/10 3:59 PM Page ii 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 31 32 33 3107_FM_UK.qxp 5/7/10 3:59 PM Page iii 1 2 3 4 5 6 YEMEN 7 DANCING ON THE HEADS OF SNAKES 8 9 VICTORIA CLARK 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS 31 NEW HAVEN AND LONDON 32 33 3107_FM_UK.qxp 1/23/12 2:12 PM Page iv 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Copyright © 2010 Victoria Clark 10 The right of Victoria Clark to be identified as author of this work has been asserted 1 by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. 2 All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright 3 Law and except by reviewers for the public press) without written permission from 4 the publishers. 5 For information about this and other Yale University Press publications, please contact: 6 U.S. -
Abyani Tribes and Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula in Yemen
ABYANI TRIBES AND AL QAEDA IN THE ARABIAN PENINSULA IN YEMEN SASHA GORDON JULY 2012 A REPORT BY THE CRITICAL THREATS PROJECT OF THE AMERICAN ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE ABYANI TRIBES AND AL QAEDA IN THE ARABIAN PENINSULA JULY 2012 Introduction Ansar al Sharia, the insurgent wing of al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), surrendered the city of Azzan to the Yemeni military on June 23, 2012. Its fall was the last blow in the Yemen army’s campaign to retake the cities of Ansar al Sharia’s “emirate” in south Yemen. These cities had fallen over the course of the month to militias composed of local tribesmen partnered with the military. The prospect of relying entirely on tribes to police south Yemen for AQAP and Ansar al Sharia is tempting given this success. Yemen’s tribes are well armed and numerous, and their support has been courted by many governing powers over the centuries. In fact, working with and through the Yemeni tribes will be the key to any long-term solution to the Ansar al Sharia and AQAP problem. But it would be unwise to rely entirely on the tribes to keep AQAP out of south Yemen, where tribal culture has been damaged by government policy and there are signs of tribal fracturing and weaknesses. The progress that tribes have made against AQAP has also required the deployment of a significant portion of the Yemeni army (see Figure 1). A sustainable “tribal solution” to AQAP and Ansar al Sharia is unlikely to be effective by itself for these reasons.