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Assessment of Energy and Mineral Resource Endowments in Central Asia Application of United Nations Framework Classification for Resources

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Assessment of Energy and Mineral Resource Endowments in Central Asia Application of United Nations Framework Classification for Resources ASSESSMENT OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCE ENDOWMENTS IN CENTRAL ASIA APPLICATION OF UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION FOR RESOURCES This report is prepared by: Kyrgyzstan: Mr. Arkady Rogalsky, Mr. Azamat Shorukov Kazakhstan: M.K.Absametov, Ye.Zh.Murtazin, S.V. Osipov, D.S.Sapargaliyev, Mr. Georgiy Freiman, Mr. Kuanysh Makazhanov and Mr. Viktor Babashev Tajikistan: Mr. Sharifkhon Pirnazarov and Mr. Rahmonbek Bakhtdavlatov Uzbekistan: Mr. Azimjon Kholikov and Mr. Jakhongir Movlanov UNECE, October 2020 2 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 Natural resources of Central Asia: Challenges and opportunities ........................................................................... 7 United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) ............................................................................ 9 Kyrgyzstan .............................................................................................................................................................. 11 Kazakhstan ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 Tajikistan ................................................................................................................................................................ 14 Uzbekistan ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 Turkmenistan ......................................................................................................................................................... 17 NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN KYRGYZSTAN ........................................................................................ 19 Role of energy and minerals production in national economy ............................................................................. 20 Government policies and programmes in energy and mineral resources ............................................................ 21 Classification and management framework for energy and mineral resources .................................................... 24 Energy and mineral resource endowments ........................................................................................................... 27 Annual production, trade, review of current status and outlook.......................................................................... 31 Social and environmental aspects of energy and mineral production .................................................................. 35 Technological efficIency and innovation ............................................................................................................... 37 Data and knowledge management ....................................................................................................................... 38 UNFC Case study .................................................................................................................................................... 42 NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN........................................................................................ 75 Role of energy and minerals production in national economy ............................................................................. 76 Government policies and programmes in energy and mineral resources ............................................................ 76 Classification and management framework for energy and mineral resources .................................................... 81 Energy and mineral resource endowments ........................................................................................................... 84 Annual production, trade, review of current status and outlook.......................................................................... 84 Energy production ................................................................................................................................................. 88 Social and ecological aspects of energy and mineral resources production ......................................................... 90 Technical efficiency and innovations ..................................................................................................................... 91 Data and knowledge management ....................................................................................................................... 92 UNFC Case study .................................................................................................................................................... 94 NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN TAJIKISTAN ......................................................................................... 132 Role of energy and minerals production in national economy ........................................................................... 133 Government policies and programmes in energy and mineral resources .......................................................... 134 Classification and management framework for energy and mineral reserves/resources .................................. 138 3 Energy and mineral resources endowments ....................................................................................................... 145 Annual production, trade, review of the current state and prospects ................................................................ 146 Social and environmental aspects of energy and minerals production .............................................................. 150 Technological efficiency and innovations ............................................................................................................ 151 Data and knowledge management ..................................................................................................................... 152 UNFC Case study .................................................................................................................................................. 153 NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN UZBEKISTAN ....................................................................................... 185 Role of energy and minerals production in national economy ........................................................................... 185 Government policies and programmes in energy and mineral resources .......................................................... 188 Classification and management framework for energy and mineral resources .................................................. 191 Energy and mineral resource endowments ......................................................................................................... 193 Annual production, trade, review of current status and outlook........................................................................ 201 Social and environmental aspects of energy and minerals production .............................................................. 207 Technological efficiency and innovations ............................................................................................................ 207 Data and knowledge management ..................................................................................................................... 207 UNFC Case study .................................................................................................................................................. 209 NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN TURKMENISTAN ................................................................................. 231 Energy and mineral resources ............................................................................................................................. 231 Alignment to Sustainable Development Goals .................................................................................................... 234 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................................... 236 Kyrgyz Republic .................................................................................................................................................... 236 Kazakhstan ........................................................................................................................................................... 239 Tajikistan .............................................................................................................................................................. 241 Uzbekistan ........................................................................................................................................................... 243 Turkmenistan ....................................................................................................................................................... 244 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................................................... 245 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The project “Improving national capacities of Central Asian countries to harmonize and implement
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