Hartshill, Warwickshire
Heritage Desk-based Assessment
September 2014
47071493
Prepared for: Lafarge Tarmac Ltd
UNITED KINGDOM & IRELAND
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd - Hartshill, Warwickshire
REVISION SCHEDULE
Rev Date Details Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by
1 10-09-14 First draft Leonora O’Brien Andrew Copp Annette Roe Principal Senior Head of Heritage Archaeologist Archaeologist Ross Cronshaw Archaeologist
Doc Ref: 47071493/HDBA/001
URS West One 114 Wellington Street Temple Back Leeds LS1 1BA
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Limitations
URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited (“URS”) has prepared this Report for the sole use of Lafarge Tarmac Ltd (“Client”) in accordance with the Agreement under which our services were performed, URS letter ref BC/JM/3144454/ZBID dated 18 July 2014. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the professional advice included in this Report or any other services provided by URS. This Report is confidential and may not be disclosed by the Client nor relied upon by any other party without the prior and express written agreement of URS.
The conclusions and recommendations contained in this Report are based upon information provided by others and upon the assumption that all relevant information has been provided by those parties from whom it has been requested and that such information is accurate. Information obtained by URS has not been independently verified by URS, unless otherwise stated in the Report.
The methodology adopted and the sources of information used by URS in providing its services are outlined in this Report. The work described in this Report was undertaken in June and August 2014 and is based on the conditions encountered and the information available during the said period of time. The scope of this Report and the services are accordingly factually limited by these circumstances.
Where assessments of works or costs identified in this Report are made, such assessments are based upon the information available at the time and where appropriate are subject to further investigations or information which may become available.
URS disclaim any undertaking or obligation to advise any person of any change in any matter affecting the Report, which may come or be brought to URS’ attention after the date of the Report.
Certain statements made in the Report that are not historical facts may constitute estimates, projections or other forward-looking statements and even though they are based on reasonable assumptions as of the date of the Report, such forward-looking statements by their nature involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results predicted. URS specifically does not guarantee or warrant any estimate or projections contained in this Report.
Unless otherwise stated in this Report, the assessments made assume that the sites and facilities will continue to be used for their current purpose without significant changes.
Where field investigations are carried out, these have been restricted to a level of detail required to meet the stated objectives of the services. The results of any measurements taken may vary spatially or with time and further confirmatory measurements should be made after any significant delay in issuing this Report.
Copyright
© This Report is the copyright of URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited. Any unauthorised reproduction or usage by any person other than the addressee is strictly prohibited.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Instructions ...... 1 1.2 Consultation ...... 1 1.3 Scope ...... 1 2 METHODOLOGY ...... 2 2.1 Assessment Methodology ...... 2 2.2 Assessment of Heritage Asset Significance ...... 3 2.3 Setting Assessment Methodology ...... 4 3 LEGISLATION AND PLANNING POLICY ...... 5 3.1 Legislation ...... 5 3.2 National Planning Policy Framework ...... 5 3.3 National Planning Policy Guidance (NPPG) ...... 6 3.4 English Heritage Guidance, Setting of Heritage Assets7 3.5 Local Planning Policy ...... 7 4 SITE DESCRIPTION ...... 11 4.1 Site Location and Description ...... 11 4.2 Topography and Geology ...... 11 5 CULTURAL HERITAGE BASELINE ...... 13 5.1 Introduction ...... 13 5.2 Previous Archaeological Works ...... 16 5.3 Heritage Overview ...... 17 5.4 Historic Landscape ...... 34 6 HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT ...... 36 6.1 Introduction ...... 36 6.2 Recorded Heritage Assets ...... 36 6.3 Potential Heritage Assets ...... 36 6.4 Mitigation through Design ...... 36 6.5 Assessment of Potential Impacts on Heritage Assets37 7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 41 REFERENCES ...... 43
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APPENDICES
Appendix 1 – Heritage Gazetteers Table 1.1 – Gazetteer of Designated Heritage Assets (1km study area, Figure 2) Table 1.2 – Gazetteer of Heritage Assets and Other Recorded Elements of the Historic Environment (1km study area, Figure 2) Table 1.3 – Designated Assets within 5km of the Assessment Site (Figure 4) Table 1.4 – Registered Parks and Gardens and Registered Battlefield within 5km of the Assessment Site (Figure 4) Appendix 2 – Portable Antiquities Scheme Data Appendix 3 – Hartshill and Nuneaton Romano-British Kilns (Swan 1984) Appendix 4 – Scheduled monument and listed building entries, Hartshill Castle and Church of the Holy Trinity Appendix 5 – Plates Appendix 6 – Figures
Illustrations within text
Illustration 1. Putative locations of the Illustration 8 – Jee’s Granite and Brick Co. Ltd. Mancetter-Hartshill kilns, based on digitized quarry, Hartshill, showing quarry buildings and gazetteer of Vivien Swan’s Pottery Kilns of railways. 1910s (Libraries Heritage and Roman Britain (1984) © Study Group for Trading Standards; PH, 352/115/13, img: 1936 Roman Pottery / OA Digital (3/1840)) Illustration 2 – Mortaria made at Mancetter- Illustration 9 – Jee’s granite quarry workings Hartshill, found at Grimstock Hill. © and railway, Hartshill, c. 1920-1929 (Libraries Warwickshire Historic Environment Record / Heritage and Trading Standards.; PH, Coleshill Civic Trust 352/115/6, img: 1932 (3/1836)) Illustration 3 – Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria Illustration 10 – Hartshill Quarries of Granite & with the stamp of “Sarrius”, mid 2nd century, brick Co. showing rail tracks and trucks. 1911 found at Margidunum © Nottingham University (Libraries Heritage and Trading Standards, Museum / Robin Aldworth Warwickshire County Council, PH, 352/115/14, img: 1937 (3/1841)) Illustration 4 – Remains of Hartshill Castle, c. 1800 - 1809 (Libraries Heritage and Trading Illustration 11 – Hartshill church and a house Standards, Warwickshire County Council, CR, (?Chapel End) possibly belonging to Major 351/109, img: 3620 (3/3327)) Jee, c.1900 – 1909 (Libraries Heritage and Trading Standards, Warwickshire County Illustration 5 – Hartshill Castle. 16th century Council, PH(N), 759/44, img: 3514 (3/3227)) building with Norman motte covered with trees on the right. 1927 (Libraries Heritage and Illustration 12 – Holy Trinity Church and Trading Standards, Warwickshire County adjacent farm, Hartshill, c. 1930 - 1939 Council, B, 190, img: 4330 (3/3943)) (Libraries Heritage and Trading Standards, Warwickshire County Council, PH, 88/55, img: Illustration 6 – Hartshill Castle from the North 9067 (3/8264)) East. 1785. Drawn by J. Adkins and engraved by F. Cary. (Libraries Heritage and Trading lllustration 13 – 1728, Henry Beighton’s Map of Standards, Warwickshire County Council, PV, Warwickshire, showing Manduessedum Har Cas 1, img: 3636 (3/3342)) ‘Roman Camp’, Oldbury House on the site of the Iron Age fort and Hartshill medieval castle. Illustration 7 – Men working in the Jee’s Granite and Brick Co. Ltd. quarry at Hartshill, Illustration 14 – 1771 A Plan of the Navigable c.1910 - 1919 (Libraries Heritage and Trading Canal, Now Making from the City of Coventry. Standards, PH, 352/115/12, img: 1935 To Communicate with the Grand Canal upon (3/1839)) Lafarge Tarmac Ltd - Hartshill, Warwickshire
Fradley Heath, in the County of Stafford'. 1771 Illustration 20 – Ordnance Survey Plan, 1955 John Lodge, Gentleman's Magazine (Scale 1:10000). Hartshill Quarry continues to grow and housing continues to develop along Illustration 15 – 1835 Ordnance Survey First Camp Hill Road. Part of the small quarry spoil Series, Sheet 63 (Scale 1:63360). tip within assessment site is now becoming Illustration 16 – Ordnance Survey Map, 1888 wooded. Hartshill School is marked to the (Scale 1:10560). Hartshill Quarries are shown west. to the north. Illustration 21 – Ordnance Survey Plan, 1966 Illustration 17 – Ordnance Survey Map, 1904 (Scale 1:10000). Hartshill High School is now (Scale 1:10560). A track crosses the site marked, as is the Sports Ground and Pavilion leading to a small quarry immediately to the in the east of the assessment site. north. Illustration 22 – Ordnance Survey Plan, 1975 Illustration 18 – Ordnance Survey Map, 1921 (Scale 1:10000). This map indicates ‘Roman (Scale 1:10560). Hartshill Quarry is expanding Pottery Kilns (site of)’ immediately north of the and housing is beginning to be developed assessment site. along Camp Hill Road. The small quarry Illustration 23 – Ordnance Survey Plan, 1983 immediately to the north is now disused, (Scale 1:10000). The bund south of Hartshill marked ‘Old Quarry’. Quarries has been constructed and fields have Illustration 19 – Ordnance Survey Map, 1924 been rationalised. (Scale 1:10560). Hartshill Quarry is expanding Illustration 24 – Ordnance Survey Plan, 1992 and housing continues to develop along Camp (Scale 1:10000). Hill Road. The small quarry immediately to the north is now marked ‘Tank’ and its spoil tip crosses into the assessment site. Appendix 5, Plates Plate 10 – View of northern elevation of Holy Plate 1 – Black and white 1947 vertical aerial Trinity from pasture field photograph of proposed development site. British Library/Envirocheck 1947, Scale 1:10 Plate 11 – View of eastern apsidal end of Holy 560, north to top. Trinity looking west from arable field Plate 2 – Black and white 1968 vertical aerial Plate 12 – View of pasture field from reordered photograph of proposed development site. churchyard of Holy Trinity Warwickshire County Council Historic Environment Record, National Coal Board Plate 13 – View of pasture field from reordered 1/680/6829 FSL No. 6. Region West Midlands, churchyard of Holy Trinity Nuneaton Area. 29 March 1968, Scale 1:10 Plate 14 – Holy Trinity vicarage viewed from 560, north to left. HER Reference SP3294. western end of Holy Trinity church Plate 3 – Modern aerial photograph of Plate 15 – Holy Trinity vicarage viewed from proposed development site. Bing mapping © Church Road 2014 Microsoft Corporation © 2013 Nokia Plate 16 – View of Hartshill Castle from Castle Plate 4 – Modern aerial photograph of Road, looking west proposed development site. Google mapping © 2014 DigitalGlobe, Inforetta & Bluesky, The Plate 17 – Northern wall of Hartshill Castle, GeoInformation Group. Map data © 2014 with Hartshill Hayes Country Park to the right Google Plate 18 – View from Castle Road, looking Plate 5 – View of western pasture field east towards the assessment site. The castle is in a dip and views are screened by Plate 6 – View of central area of arable fields topography, urban form, and vegetation. There Plate 7 – View of eastern area of former is no thematic or historical continuity between quarrying and recreation ground the sites, which are split by Castle Road Plate 8 – West elevation of Holy Trinity Plate 19 – The five-bar gate marks the current Hartshill parish church from entrance on access point to the assessment site, screened Church Road by topography and vegetation Plate 9 – View of eastern apsidal end of Plate 20 – Hartshill village green, looking church looking west from pasture field to southeast towards the proposed development Church Road site. There is no intervisibility due to topography, urban fabric and vegetation Lafarge Tarmac Ltd - Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 21 – Hartshill war memorial, Church Plate 36 – Quarryman’s Walk, part of the North Road. Views are dominated by urban context, Arden Heritage Trail – information board, road traffic, and the modern school in the Grange Road distance Plate 37 – Quarryman’s Walk, part of the North Plate 22 – Coventry Canal at Hartshill Wharf, Arden Heritage Trail – information board, looking southeast. Mount Jee is visible in the Hartshill Village Green distance, surrounded by extensive heavily vegetated quarry spoil heaps. The proposed Plate 38 – Ceramic building material and development site is not visible due to possible kiln furniture; fire-cracked stone to intervening natural and industrial topography bottom right Plate 23 – Hartshill Wharf Plate 39 – Black flint debitage; cockle shell Plate 24 – Hartshill Grange, Grange Road Plate 40 – Assemblage of Romano-British and 19th century ceramic building material; 19th Plate 25 – Grange Road Canal Bridge century transfer-printed pottery Plate 26 – Canal Bridge, Grange Road Plate 41 – Possible Romano-British kiln furniture Plate 27 – Wesleyan Chapel, Grange Road Plate 42 – Possible Romano-British furniture Plate 28 – Weaver’s Cottage, Grange Road Plate 43 – Possible Romano-British tile Plate 29 – Congregational Chapel, Coleshill Road Plate 44 – Possible Romano-British tile Plate 30 – Coleshill Road, Methodist Chapel Plate 45 – Tile fragment and slag, found in northwestern corner of arable field Plate 31 – Coleshill Road, modern Catholic church Plate 46 –Fragments of ceramic building material and 19th century earthenware field Plate 32 – Quarry baffle bund along drain northeastern side boundary Plate 47 – From left, possible kiln furniture; Plate 33 – Trackway running along top of fragment of cockle shell; yellow Staffordshire quarry bund Slipware dish fragment (c.1650-1775); field Plate 34 – view of former quarry, now lake, drain north of assessment site Plate 48 – Examples of the granite extracted Plate 35 – Memorial to victim of quarry from Jee’s Quarry to the north drowning, Nuneaton Road
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Site Location Plan Figure 2 Location of Cultural Heritage Assets within 1km Study Area Figure 3 Location of Designated Cultural Heritage Assets within 5km Area Figure 4 Historic Landscape Characterisation Data
HERITAGE DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd - Hartshill, Warwickshire
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Instructions
This document has been prepared by URS on behalf of Lafarge Tarmac Ltd to support the planning application for a 400-unit residential development (hereafter referred to as the ‘proposed development’) on 27 ha of land south of Hartshill Quarry, Warwickshire (referred to as ‘the site’ or ‘the proposed development site’), at Ordnance Survey National Grid Reference (NGR) 433000 293729 (grid reference SP 329 937).
The proposed development site has been identified for residential development in the Site Allocations Plan, with a recommendation that intrusive archaeological trial trenching is undertaken. Lafarge Tarmac Ltd sought to establish the archaeological significance and potential of the site via desk-based assessment prior to archaeological trial trench evaluation.
1.2 Consultation
The Warwickshire Planning Archaeologist, Anna Stocks, was consulted on 22 August 2014 to discuss the impacts of the development on known and potential heritage assets, and to discuss the pre-determination works and mitigation measures. It was recommended that, due to the potential for the site to contain Romano-British remains, a staged programme of archaeological geophysical survey, fieldwalking and trial trench evaluation be undertaken in order to establish the site’s archaeological potential.
1.3 Scope
The assessment considers the known and potential heritage resource of the proposed development site to provide sufficient information to inform a planning decision. Two study areas have been used. Firstly, a detailed study area of 1km from the site boundary has assessed all known and potential historic environment assets. This is referred to as the ‘study area’ (Figure 2). The size of the study area ensures that data sources provide sufficient contextual information about the site and its surrounding landscape, from which to assess known and potential effects on the heritage resource. A larger search area of 5km has also been utilised in order to identify potential impacts upon the settings of designated heritage assets (Figure 3).
The main objectives of the desk-based assessment are: to identify designated heritage assets within the site and study area; to gather information on non-designated recorded heritage assets; to assess the baseline information and offer an analysis of the potential for currently unrecorded heritage assets within the site; to assess the significance of the heritage assets, including elements of setting that positively contribute to significance; and, to assess the potential impact of the proposed development on the settings of designated heritage assets within the 5km study area.
Designated heritage assets which may be potentially affected were identified in line with Step 1 of English Heritage’s setting guidance (EH 2011; EH 2014).
The desk-based assessment then makes recommendations for further assessment and survey so as to provide the necessary evidence to determine the extent, preservation and significance of the archaeological heritage assets, where these factors are relevant to the nature and scope of the instruction.
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2 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Assessment Methodology
The assessment of baseline conditions was carried out following the guidelines produced by the Institute for Archaeologists (IfA), the Standard and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-Based Assessment (IfA 2012) and the Code of Conduct (IfA 2013).
For the purpose of this assessment each identified asset within the 1km study area and 5km settings assessment area has been numbered with its unique reference number based on the Warwickshire HER (e.g. MWA1234) or its National Heritage List for England number (e.g. 1234567). The proposed development site and the locations of all heritage assets within the 1km study area are shown on Figure 2 and all designated heritage assets within the 5km area are illustrated on Figure 3.
The preparation of the baseline was informed by material gathered and collated from various sources, including the following.
English Heritage National Heritage List World Heritage Sites. Scheduled Monuments. Registered Battlefields.
English Heritage Archive Database (EHA) AMIE (Archives and Monuments Information, England) data including known archaeological sites, findspots and previous archaeological works. Aerial photography collections.
Warwickshire Historic Environment Record Database of known archaeological sites, findspots, historic buildings and previous archaeological works. Published and unpublished documentary sources (including development control site reports). Aerial photographs.
Warwickshire County Record Office, Warwick Published documentary sources. Historic maps and photographs.
Online sources Including the British Geological Survey (BGS) Geology of Britain Viewer, the Archaeology Data Service, and Warwickshire County Council’s website for planning information. A map search of Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) data has been undertaken. Results are presented in the text below and entries are listed in Appendix 2. It is important to note that the PAS Scheme provides masked grid references to limit looting and interference with sites.
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In addition to the gathering of comprehensive baseline information, a site visit was undertaken on 21 August 2014 in order to identify any unrecorded archaeological assets that might exist within the proposed development boundary, and to assess the current ground conditions and the extent of previous ground disturbance. An assessment of the potential impact of the development on the setting of designated heritage assets in the 5km settings assessment area was also undertaken.
Where possible, when assessing the significance of archaeological heritage assets, reference will be made to West Midlands Regional Research Framework for Archaeology (Guest 2002; Hodder 2002; Booth 2002; Evans 2002; Crawford 2002; Hooke 2002).
A long tradition of work on the major regional Roman pottery industries gives reasonable data sets on the location of production sites, their date and technology, but is still poor on the context of production and the analysis of patterns of supply (see 3.6 below).
The Roman roadside settlement at Mancetter on the Leicestershire-Warwickshire border and described in some detail by Burnham & Wacher (1990, 225-60) and that was subject to excavations in 1927, the 1950s (Oswald & Gathercole 1958), 1964 (Mahany 1971), 1973 (Hartley 1973) and 1981 (Scott 1981) has long been known to be the centre for a nationally significant pottery industry specialising in the production of mortaria (Swan 1984; Hartley 1973). An extract from Swan’s database of Mancetter-Hartshill kilns is contained in Appendix 3. Though much is now known about the products and development of this industry it still awaits synthesis and publication.
The Study Group for Roman Pottery Research Strategy sets out Roman pottery sector-driven priorities (SGRP 2011). It lists the 1960-84 Mancetter-Hartshill excavations as one of a number of national priority sites and assemblages for publication.
2.2 Assessment of Heritage Asset Significance
As described below, the significance of a heritage asset is defined in National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) as its value to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. The assessment of significance within this report has been undertaken in accordance with NPPF, which states that this interest may be “archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic” and that “significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting.”
This framework also makes reference to the guidance contained in English Heritage’s Conservation Principles: Policy and Guidance for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment (EH 2008). This document, although pre-dating NPPF, “provides a useful framework which may be used to structure the process of assessment and any narrative account of its results” (EH 2011, The Setting of Heritage Assets).The significance of a heritage asset (termed ‘place’ within Conservation Principles) is defined with reference to four areas of value. Evidential value, derived from “the potential of a place to yield evidence about past human activity” (EH 2008, 28) and primarily associated with physical remains or historic fabric. Historical value, derived from “the ways in which past people, events and aspects of life can be connected through a place to the present” (ibid., 28). This can derive from particular aspects of past ways of life. Illustrative historical value provides a direct (often visual) link between past and present people, while associative historical value provides an association with notable families, persons, events or movements. Aesthetic value, derived from sensory and intellectual stimulation and including design value, i.e. “aesthetic qualities generated by the conscious design of a building, structure or landscape as a whole” (ibid., 30). It may include its physical form, and how it lies
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within its setting. It may be the result of design, or an unplanned outcome of a process of events; and Communal value, derived from “the meanings of a place for the people who relate to it”. Communal value derives from the meanings that an historic asset has for the people who relate to it, or for whom it is in their collective experience or memory. It may be commemorative or symbolic, such as meaning for identity or collective memory (ibid., 31).
The significance of a heritage asset is typically derived from a combination of some or all of these values, and the setting of a heritage asset can contribute to, or detract from, any of these four values (EH 2011, 32). Within the Heritage Significance section below (Section 6), the contribution setting makes to the significance of the asset is specifically discussed in terms of how it contributes to, or assists in the ability to appreciate, the forms of interest stated in NPPF, supplemented where necessary by reference to the four forms of value described in detail in English Heritage’s Conservation Principles (English Heritage 2008).
2.3 Setting Assessment Methodology
This assessment has been guided by policy contained within the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (DCLG 2012). The methodology is based on the guidance detailed in English Heritage’s The Setting of Heritage Assets (2011). This English Heritage guidance pre- dates NPPF and in June 2012 English Heritage issued a Revision Note stating that they were in the process of revising their guidance, but that it “still provides useful advice and case studies”. The Setting of Heritage Assets provides guidance on setting and development management, including assessing the implications of development proposals.
A staged approach is recommended for assessing the implications of development proposals, the first step of which is to identify the heritage assets affected and their settings. The second step is to assess whether, how and to what degree these settings make a positive contribution to the significance of the heritage asset(s), i.e. “what matters and why”. This includes a description of the key attributes of the heritage asset itself, then considers the physical surroundings of the asset, including its relationship with other heritage assets; the way the asset is appreciated; and the asset’s associations and patterns of use. The third step (where appropriate) is to assess the effect of the proposed development on the significance of assets through the consideration of the key attributes of the proposed development in terms of its: location and siting; form and appearance; additional effects; and permanence. The fourth step is to maximise enhancement and minimise harm. Step five is making and documenting the decision and monitoring outcomes.
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3 LEGISLATION AND PLANNING POLICY
3.1 Legislation
The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 imposes a duty on the Secretary of State to compile lists of buildings of special architectural or historic interest. In consideration of proposals within the setting of Listed Buildings, the 1990 Act establishes a requirement to have special regard to the desirability of preserving that setting (Section 66). “(1) In considering whether to grant planning permission for development which affects a listed building or its setting, the local planning authority or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses.”
Section 72 of the 1990 Act establishes a desirability to preserve or enhance the character or appearance of a conservation area. A conservation area is an area of local interest designated principally by the Local Planning Authority.
English Heritage is enabled by Section 8C of the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1953 (introduced by paragraph 10 of Schedule 4, of the National Heritage Act 1983) to compile a Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England. Though designated of national interest, a park or garden on the register is not otherwise statutorily protected although Local Planning Authorities are required to include policies for their protection in their Local Plan.
The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 is the central piece of legislation which protects the archaeological resource. The first section of the Act requires the Secretary of State for National Heritage to maintain a schedule of nationally important sites.
A set of criteria, defined as survival/condition, period, rarity, fragility/vulnerability, diversity, documentation, group value and potential, assist in the decision making process as to whether an asset is deemed of national importance and best managed by scheduling.
3.2 National Planning Policy Framework
The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) came into effect on the 24th March 2012. The NPPF sets out the core Government principle regarding the historic environment in paragraph 17 of the document which states that heritage assets should be conserved in a manner appropriate to their significance, so that they can be enjoyed for their contribution to the quality of life for this current and future generations.
Section 12 of the document deals specifically with the historic environment. It defines the policies for conserving and enhancing the historic environment and heritage assets. It sets out the importance of being able to assess the significance of heritage assets that may be affected by a development. Significance is defined in Annex 2 as being the, ‘value of an asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic interest.’
The definition of significance provided in Annex 2 also clearly states that significance is not only derived from an asset's physical presence, but also from its setting. The setting of a heritage asset is defined in Annex 2 as, ‘the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced. Its extent is not fixed and may change as the asset and its surroundings evolve.’
Paragraphs 128 and 129 of the NPPF state that when determining applications, local authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of assets that may be affected by a development, to a level of detail that is proportionate to their importance and that
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is no more than sufficient to understand the potential impact on their significance; this should also include assets where their setting may be affected by a proposal.
With regard to development sites where there are known heritage assets, or there is potential for heritage assets with archaeological interest, paragraph 128 of the NPPF directs local planning authorities to require developers to submit an appropriate desk-based assessment and, where necessary, a field evaluation.
Paragraph 132 recognises that heritage assets are irreplaceable and that where proposed development may impact on the significance of designated heritage assets, great weight should be placed on its conservation. The NPPF notes that alteration or destruction of a heritage asset or development within its setting can harm its significance.
Paragraph 132 further recognises that substantial harm or loss of heritage assets of the highest significance for example scheduled monuments, registered battlefields, grade I and II* listed buildings and registered parks and gardens and World Heritage Sites should be wholly exceptional.
The NPPF recognises that a balance needs to be struck between the preservation of the significance of a heritage asset and delivering public benefit. Paragraph 133 sets out considerations to be taken into account when determining a planning application which would result in substantial harm or total loss of significance of a designated heritage asset. It states that the local planning authority should weigh the public benefits of the proposed development against any harm, and in cases where it cannot be demonstrated that substantial harm or total loss is not outweighed by the public benefit, it directs the local planning authority to refuse consent.
The NPPF also clearly states that the effect of a planning application on non-designated heritage assets should be taken into account when considering the application. Paragraph 135 sets out the need for a balanced judgement between the significance of the heritage assets and the scale of any harm or loss, when considering assets directly or indirectly affected by proposed development.
At paragraph 139 the NPPF recognises that non-designated heritage assets of archaeological interest may be of equivalent significance to a scheduled monument. In such cases the NPPF directs that such assets are to be considered subject to the policies for designated assets.
3.3 National Planning Policy Guidance (NPPG)
New National Planning Policy Guidance has recently been issued online by the Department for Communities and Local Government. It provides clarity and guidance for the implementation of policies within the NPPF. However, PPS5 Planning Practice Guidance (English Heritage) remains in force, but eventually it will be replaced by a good practice guidance which will provide clarity /support on heritage issues for the NPPG.
NPPG also provides guidance in relation to renewable and low carbon energy and large-scale ground-mounted solar photovoltaic farms (Paragraph: 013 Reference ID: 5-013-20140306, dated 06.03.2014), it states:
‘‘Great care should be taken to ensure heritage assets are conserved in a manner appropriate to their significance, including the impact of proposals on views important to their setting. As the significance of a heritage asset derives not only from its physical presence, but also from its setting, careful consideration should be given to the impact of large scale solar farms on such assets. Depending on their scale, design and prominence, a large scale solar farm within the setting of a heritage asset may cause substantial harm to the significance of the asset.’’
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3.4 English Heritage Guidance, Setting of Heritage Assets
This document provides advice on the process by which ‘‘the implications for the significance of heritage assets of change affecting their settings can be evaluated’’. It outlines the process by which impacts on setting should be identified and evaluated, having specific regard to the magnitude of change, the durability and reversibility of change and the sensitivity of the heritage asset to that change.
3.5 Local Planning Policy
Local planning policy is contained in the North Warwickshire Local Plan, which was adopted in 2006. The Local Plan for North Warwickshire (Development Plan Documents (DPDs) and Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs)) is currently in preparation.
Hartshill and Ansley Common Sites are noted as an Allocated Housing Requirement (Core Strategy) in the Draft Pre-submission Site Allocations Plan June 2014, subject to POLICY HS2 – Site Proposal HAR3 – Mixed Use Housing, Open Space and education facilities. The section on Hartshill notes that ‘Hartshill has an historic centre with the remains of Hartshill Castle, now under private ownership and Holy Trinity Church. To the north there is the country park of Hartshill Hayes ... Hartshill has a long history of mineral extraction, with hard rock quarries to the east. To the west there are the remains of the Moorwood mineral railway line and there are sites that have previously been tipped. Early consideration of beneficial after uses of mineral sites needs to be undertaken. Any uses would need to protect and enhance the rich natural and geo-diversity in this area.’
POLICY HS2 - Proposal HAR3 states that ‘Land at Hartshill will be allocated for development over the long term. The development will come forward through a Development Brief or similar development plan document, which will need to address the educational infrastructure needs in the adjoining Secondary school and nearby Primary school. Opportunities to address access and parking issues should also be included as part of any Brief/Study and the retention and long term management of designated Local Wildlife sites need to be incorporated into the brief/Study and any subsequent development proposals. The development should ensure a net improvement in educational, sport and recreation facilities within and adjoining the site.’
The Draft Pre-submission Site Allocations Plan June 2014 notes that for Site HAR3, the ‘Development will need to avoid, mitigate and compensate for any impact … Trial trenching for archaeological impact recommended.’
Relevant policies in the 2006 Local Plan comprise: ‘POLICY ENV4 - TREES AND HEDGEROWS Development will not be permitted if it would result in the loss of trees, woodlands or hedgerows that in terms of their historical, ecological, townscape or landscape significance make a positive contribution to the quality of the local environment. The planting of new trees, woodlands and/or hedgerows will be sought in the landscaping of new development. POLICY ENV13 - BUILDING DESIGN 1. New buildings and extensions or alterations to existing buildings will only be permitted where; i. The scale, massing, height and appearance of the proposal positively integrates into its surroundings and ii. The materials and detailing used respect and enhance local distinctiveness.
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2. Outside development boundaries any extension or enlargement of existing dwellings will be limited to no more than 30% of the volume of the dwelling as originally permitted or as existing on 1 July 1948, whichever is the later. POLICY ENV15 - HERITAGE CONSERVATION, ENHANCEMENT, AND INTERPRETATION Conservation Areas: 1. Conservation Areas are shown on the Proposals Map. 2. Development inside or outside a Conservation Area will not be permitted if it would have a harmful effect on the character, appearance or setting of a Conservation Area, or views into or out of the area. 3. Demolition of an unlisted building within a Conservation Area will only be permitted where it can be shown that the existing building does not make a positive contribution to the character or appearance of the Conservation Area, or it is beyond economic repair. Any replacement building will be required to make a greater positive contribution to the character or appearance of the Conservation Area than that which is being replaced. A condition may be imposed to prevent demolition before planning permission for redevelopment has been granted and a contract for the construction of the new building is in place. 4. The felling or significant lopping of trees within Conservation Areas will only be permitted for sound arboricultural or safety reasons, or where such felling or lopping would, in itself, enhance the characteristic appearance of the area. 5. New buildings within and adjoining a Conservation Area will be required to harmonise with their settings, reflecting the scale, form and fenestration of traditional buildings in the area, and using materials characteristic of the area. 6. Alterations and extensions to buildings will be required to harmonise with their character and that of the Conservation Area, by retaining and where necessary restoring traditional features, including boundary walls, paved surfaces and street furniture. 7. The removal of traditional shop fronts and fascias will not be permitted unless they can be shown to be beyond repair or are incapable of being adapted for continued use. The design of new shop fronts and fascias must respect the character and appearance of the building and its wider surroundings 8. Interpretive signs and advertisements should be of traditionally painted or have an engraved finish. Sites included in English Heritage’s Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest: 9. Sites included in English Heritage’s Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest are shown on the Proposals Map. 10. Development within or adjoining sites included in English Heritage’s Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest will not be permitted if it adversely affects the character or setting of the area. Industrial Heritage of the Borough: 11. Development that does not make provision for the preservation or enhancement of features and artefacts present on the site that, in terms of their architectural, cultural or historic interest, contribute to the Borough’s industrial heritage, will not be permitted. Conditions may be imposed, or planning obligations sought, in connection with the redevelopment of any former industrial site requiring the developer to undertake a supervised programme of investigation, analysis and recording of the site and its contents before development takes place.
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POLICY ENV16 - LISTED BUILDINGS, NON-LISTED BUILDINGS OF LOCAL HISTORIC VALUE AND SITES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE (INCLUDING SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENTS) Listed Buildings: 1. There will be a presumption in favour of the preservation of Listed Buildings within the Borough. 2. Development that would detract from the character, appearance or historic value of a Listed Building (including any building within its curtilage) in terms of historic form and layout or its setting, will not be permitted. 3. The removal of later additions or alterations that detract from the character or appearance of a Listed Building will be encouraged, and will be required where substantial works are proposed. Non- Listed Buildings of Local Historic Value: 4. Development will not be permitted if it would result in the demolition, loss or disfigurement of buildings that are of demonstrable local townscape, architectural or historic interest, unless: i.The building or structure is no longer capable of beneficial use, and its fabric is beyond repair; or ii.The proposed replacement or altered building or structure would be of equal or greater townscape and architectural quality than the existing; and iii.The proposed development cannot practicably be adapted to retain any historic interest that the building or structure possesses. 5.In the event that demolition is permitted, a condition may be imposed requiring the existing building or structure to be fully recorded. Sites of Archaeological Importance: 6. Sites of archaeological importance and their settings will be protected, enhanced and preserved. 7. Development affecting sites of known or potential archaeological importance and their settings will not be permitted unless it can be shown that any remains will be preserved and protected. 8. There will be a presumption in favour of physical in-situ preservation of remains of national importance whether Scheduled or otherwise. The design, siting and layout of new development should reflect this. 9. In the case of remains of regional or local importance, the Council will assess the case for in-situ preservation against factors such as the importance of the remains and the need for the new development. 10. Where it is considered that in-situ preservation of remains is not merited, in the light of expert advice, developers will be expected to make provision for a programme of archaeological works. 11. Tree planting or other activities that could adversely affect archaeological remains or their settings will be resisted. 12. Conditions and/ or legal agreements will be used to ensure the management, enhancement and interpretation of historical and archaeological sites.’
The policy justification specifically mentions archaeologically important sites of Roman settlement and the pottery industry at Hartshill, ‘North Warwickshire has a varied and interesting archaeological heritage. This includes evidence of Mesolithic (circa 10,000 to 3,000 BC) activity in the Anker Valley, Iron Age hill forts, Roman settlement and industry at Mancetter and Hartshill, castles and monastic remains, and industrial features including the canal and railway networks. This policy seeks to safeguard the Borough’s archaeological heritage.’
North Warwickshire Local Development Framework Draft Core Strategy is being developed. Following the public hearing in January 2013, changes to Policy NW11 on the historic environment were recommended.
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POLICY NW11 The quality of the historic environment, including archaeological features, Listed Buildings, Scheduled Ancient Monuments, Registered Parks and Gardens, Conservation Areas will be protected and enhanced Any non-designated assets; buildings, monuments, archaeological sites, places, areas or landscapes positively identified in North Warwickshire’s Historic Environment Record as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, will be protected and enhanced commensurate to the significance of the asset.
A Historic Environment Assessment of Potential Development Areas within North Warwickshire was prepared in March 2014 for areas that have been earmarked by the council for possible development (North Warwickshire Borough Council 2014). It assessed potential impacts of develop and provides possible protection measures and opportunities for mitigation, but the overall strategy for each site would need to be agreed with the Warwickshire Planning Archaeology Team and if appropriate, English Heritage, as part of the planning application process.
For Hartshill & Ansley Common, the Historic Environment Assessment noted the following.
‘Key Sensitivities There are two sites here of high sensitivity (Land at Hartshill Quarry and Land R/O 145 Coleshill Road). Development at Land R/O 145 Coleshill Road should be avoided on historic landscape grounds. The key sensitivities of the Study area are the Roman kiln sites at Hartshill and the former mineral line at Coleshill Road.
Summary of Key Issues Land at Hartshill Quarry HPOS is located immediately to the south east of the medieval village core of Hartshill. The area has been extensively quarried in the 19th and 20th centuries, works which have exposed a large Roman kiln field that appears to have been the centre of mortaria production. Part of the site is located in areas previously quarried, however a strip of land to the west appears to have been untouched by development and is likely to contain further kilns. A programme of archaeological work, probably with geophysical survey as a first stage, would be expected in any mitigation prior to development. Land R/O 145 Coleshill Road HPOS is located in an area of paddocks and closes as well as a section of former railway line in the north west of Chapel End, the modern development to the south of Hartshill. Development here would impact upon the former railway breaking up the surviving route and leaving the section to the north isolated from the main section. Development will also remove one of the few surviving pre-industrial areas of paddock in the area. The site is of high sensitivity and is not recommended for development.’
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4 SITE DESCRIPTION
4.1 Site Location and Description
The proposed development site is located on arable fields located immediately north of the settlement of Hartshill, Warwickshire and south of the dormant Jee’s Quarry. The location and boundary of the site are shown on Figure 1.
4.2 Topography and Geology
The site covers an area of approximately 27 ha and is located on relatively level land between the 135 and 145m contours.
The western part of the site comprises pasture fields east of Charity Farm and Holy Trinity parish church, Hartshill at c.142m AOD. The undulating paddock is currently set to grass, but contains traces of narrow-rig ridge and furrow earthworks in the northeastern corner, and areas of tussocky thistles and nettles that can be indicative of disturbed ground and medieval or post-medieval settlement remains. This area contains a number of standard, well- established oak trees and is surrounded by a stone wall on the western side near Church Close, post-and-wire fences with hawthorn, a stone wall fronting Church Street, hawthorn and yew hedges adjacent to the edge of the former Jee’s Quarry, and to the south, a hedgerow with elder, bramble, hawthorn and yew. This field can be accessed via an entrance on Church Road.
The central portion of the site comprises arable wheat fields, at c. 137m AOD. At the time of the site visit, the wheat had not yet been harvested, which has impeded ground visibility. The large wheat fields are bounded to the north by a scrappy hedgerow along the southern boundary of the former quarry, mainly of hawthorn, elder and yew; and contains a number of partial internal hedged boundaries, mainly of hawthorn with occasional oak standards. The southern and eastern boundaries are mainly hawthorn hedges. The southern boundary, between Snow Hill woodland, north of Berrington Road and along to Mancetter Road, follows the historic parish boundary between Hartshill and Nuneaton (Stockingford). In the east of the site is a former area of quarrying (MWA574), which is heavily overgrown. To the southwest of the arable fields is Hartshill School, and recreation ground and an area of woodland at Snow Hill, accessed via a car park on the corner of Victoria Road and Camp Hill Road.
The eastern portion of the site comprises very densely vegetated former quarry land; east of this is more scrubby, undulating land. To the east is a small grass football pitch at c.142m AOD and a bowling green, a tarmac surfaced car parking area and the Windmill Sports and Social Club buildings, built between 1955 and 1966. This area can be accessed via an entrance on Nuneaton Road (B4111).
The underlying bedrock geology of the Study Area is complex with four bands of deposits crossing the area from southeast to northwest. At the northern end of the Study Area is Cambrian Purley Shale Mudstone, a sedimentary bedrock (502 to 528 million years BP). To the south of this is a strip of Cambrian Mancetter Shale Formation Mudstone. A broad band of Cambrian Outwoods Shale Formation Mudstone flows to the south with outcrops of igneous Ordovician Midlands Minor Intrusive Suite Lamprophyres (444 to 451 million years BP). To the south west is a broad band of sedimentary Carboniferous Pennine Middle Coal Measures Formation; a mixture of mudstone, siltstone and sandstone (309 to 312 million years BP), that was mined at Stockingfield Colliery, c. 700m southwest of the site. To the south west of this is Carboniferous Halesowen Formation mudstone, siltstone and sandstone dating from the (NWDC 2014).
The British Geological Society website does not record any boreholes within the site. Borehole SP39SW257/A, excavated at Harsthill School in 1968, noted made ground of sandstone and
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rubble to 2’ 6’’ (0.76m) below ground level (BGL), followed by firm to stiff friable mottled brown and grey silty clay to 5’ (1.52m) BGL, then shaley clay grading down into weathered vertically bedded brown and grey clayey shale to 10’ (3.05m) BGL.
An unnamed stream flows south-eastwards through the site and is a tributary of the River Anker. A second stream/drainage ditch is believed to flow along part of the southern boundary in an area of past quarrying and may well connect into a sewer that runs also along the southern boundary (Georisk Management 2014). The Coventry Canal is located c. 955m north of the site.
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5 CULTURAL HERITAGE BASELINE
5.1 Introduction
This section of the report provides an overview of the archaeological and historical background of the study area, in order to better understand the historical context of the site and the significance of any heritage assets within it. This will aid the assessment of the significance of the heritage assets in Section 6 of this report, and how they may be affected by the proposed development.
The assets are discussed in the relevant period sections below and are listed in Appendix 1 – Heritage Gazetteers. They are also represented on Figures 2 and 3 using their Historic Environment Record or national inventory reference numbers from this table (i.e. MWA5898, National Monument 1034748 etc.).
Designated Heritage Assets
Scheduled Monuments within 1km Study Area (Figure 2)
Hartshill Castle scheduled ancient monument (National Monument 1034748) is a medieval castle complex located c. 165m west of the western site boundary. The standing remains of the castle fabric are listed Grade II.
A scheduled Bronze Age bowl barrow (tumulus, National Monument 1014684) is located in Hartshill Hayes Country Park, c. 900m west of the western site boundary (Bowl barrow 580m east of Moor Wood Farm).
Scheduled Monuments within 5km Study Area (Figure 3)
There is a scheduled bowl barrow at Fenny Drayton, c. 4.2km northeast of the assessment site (National Monument 1010198).
The scheduled site of Oldbury Camp Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age univallate hillfort (National Monument 1018855) is located c. 1.3km west of the western site boundary. Oldbury Camp represents the only known example of a slight univallate hillfort in this part of Warwickshire.
The scheduled Roman villa and settlement of Manduessedum with associated industrial complex is located c. 2.4km to the northwest of the site (National Monument 1017585). Mancetter Roman camp is located c.2.5km northwest of the site (National Monument 1005736).
The scheduled remains of the Benedictine priory and precinct of St Mary, Nuneaton (National Monument 1011033) are located c. 2.1km southeast of the assessment site. The site of Merevale Cistercian Abbey (National Monument 1014682) is located c. 4.8km to the northwest. The remains of a chapel in Lindley Park are located c. 3.4km northeast of the site (National Monument 1005075). The scheduled Astley Castle moated site, fishponds, garden remains and Astley College (National Monument 1011194) are located c. 4.5km to the southwest, and the scheduled moat and fishponds at Ratcliffe Culey (National Monument 1010480) are c. 5km to the north.
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Listed Buildings within 1km Study Area (Figure 3)
There are no Grade I listed buildings within the 1km study area.
There is one grade II* listed building, Hartshill Grange (1034749).
There are 15 grade II listed buildings, comprising: Hartshill Castle ruins (309189); Church of The Holy Trinity, Hartshill (1365167); Chapel End Congregational Church, Hartshill (1262600); Church of St Peter, Galley Common, Nuneaton (1389490); Structures associated with grade II* listed Hartshill Grange, comprising: o Gazebo approximately 30 metres west of Hartshill Grange (1034751); o Stables and loose box approximately 2 metres south east of Hartshill Grange (1365168); and o Barn and former stable approximately 1.5 metres north east of Hartshill Grange (1034750). Structures associated with the British Waterways Maintenance Depot on the Coventry Canal: o Clock House (1365166); o Cottage and bridge approximately 75 metres east of covered dock and workshops at British Waterways Maintenance Depot (1365165); o Covered dock and workshops at British Waterways Maintenance Depot (1034747); o Stable block at Hartshill Yard Coventry Canal (1262576); and Other transport structures associated with the Coventry Canal, comprising: o Bridge 33 at SP 3257 9529 Coventry Canal (1262577); o Bridge 30, Grange Road Bridge at SP 3317 9489 Coventry Canal (1251839); and, o Milestone between Bridges 27 and 28 at SP 3432 9381, Coventry Canal (1261659). Ice house at SP 3470 9458, Caldecote (1034746).
There are 195 listed buildings within 5km study area. There are 6 grade I listed buildings, comprising o The churches of St Mary the Virgin, Astley (1184853), St Peter, Witherley (1188486), St Nicholas, Nuneaton (1299514) and the Church of Our Lady, Merevale (1365174 ). o Arbury Hall (1185222) and stables (1299708); There are 16 grade II* listed buildings, comprising: o The churches of St Theobald and Saint Chad, Caldecote (1034744); Church of St Wilfred, Old Arley (1034773); Church of St Lawrence, Church End Ansley (1365141); Church of St Peter, Higham On The Hill (1178178); Church of St Mary, Atherstone (1365164); Church of St Michael, Fenny Drayton (1361313); and the Church of All Saints, Ratcliffe Culey (1188508). o Astley Castle (1365144) and a stable block at Astley Castle (1034777)
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o Merevale Hall (1299654) and a stable block and walls, gatepiers and gates at Merevale Hall (1185536) o Arbury Hall North Lodge (1034973), South Farmhouse (1034972), Park Farmhouse (1365048) and Tea House (1299615) o Beech House and attached railings, Atherstone (1185175) There are 173 grade II listed buildings, principally concentrated in the urban settlements of Atherstone and Witherley to the north and Nuneaton to the south, but with some historic villages, farms and buildings on the Merevale Hall and Arbury Hall estates.
Registered Parks and Gardens (Figure 3)
There are no registered parks and gardens within the 1km study area
There are two entries in the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest within 5km; both are grade II* listed. They comprise: Grade II* listed Merevale Hall (1001190), 18th and 19th century formal gardens and terraces, located c. 3.6km northwest of the assessment site; Grade II* listed Arbury Hall (1001185), early and mid-18th century gardens and pleasure grounds together with 17th century parkland, located c. 4.5km south of the site.
There are a number of unregistered estate landscapes within 5km of the assessment site, such as Oldbury Hall (MWA12565) and Ansley Hall (MWA12498).
Conservation Areas
There are no conservation areas within 1km of the assessment site.
Conservation areas within 5km of the proposed development area comprise: Mancetter Conservation Area, North Warwickshire Borough Council; Atherstone Conservation Area (as extended) and Watling Street Bridge Conservation Area, Atherstone, North Warwickshire Borough Council; Nuneaton Town Centre Conservation Area, Nuneaton and Bedworth Borough Council, Warwickshire; Witherley, Hinckley & Bosworth Borough Council, Leicestershire; and, Higham-on-the-Hill, Hinckley & Bosworth Borough Council, Leicestershire.
Non-designated Heritage Assets
Archaeological Assets (Figure 2)
There are 90 non-designated heritage assets within the 1km study area that are either identified in the Warwickshire Historic Environment Record (LHER) or English Heritage Archive (EHA) databases, or have been identified from cartographic and documentary sources (Appendix 1 Heritage Gazetteer, Table 1.2; Figure 2).
World Heritage Sites
There are no World Heritage Sites or sites included on the Tentative List of Future Nominations for World Heritage Sites
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Registered Battlefields (Figure 3)
There are no Registered Battlefields, within the site, the 1km study area or the 5km study area. The nearest Registered Battlefield is the Battle of Bosworth (Field), 1485 (No. 1000004), 5.2km northeast of the site.
The Battle of Watling Street (AD 60 or 61) may have occurred between Harsthill Hayes and the A5 Watling Street, but its location is uncertain (Webster 1993).
Locally Listed Buildings
There is currently no published Local List of Historic Buildings and Structures identifying locally significant undesignated heritage assets.
Local List of Unregistered Historic Designed Landscapes
There is currently no published Local List of Unregistered Historic Designed Landscapes identifying locally significant undesignated heritage assets.
TABLE 1 – SUMMARY OF DESIGNATED AND NON-DESIGNATED ASSETS
Over 1km and Within 1km under 5km from Total study area assessment site
Scheduled Monuments 2 9 11
Listed Buildings (grade I) 0 6 6
Listed Buildings (grade II*) 1 16 17
Listed Buildings (grade II) 15 173 188
Registered Parks & Gardens 0 2 2
Battlefields 0 0 0
Conservation Areas 0 5 5
Locally Listed Buildings 0 0 0
Local List of Unregistered Historic 0 0 0 Designed Landscapes
5.2 Previous Archaeological Works
A series of archaeological investigations have been undertaken in the vicinity of the assessment site. A recent high-level heritage assessment of the site has been undertaken as part of a wider assessment of Plan Allocation areas (OAS 2013). A watching brief to the east of the site at Windmill Sports and Social Club, Hartshill, did not note any significant features or archaeological deposits (EWA3284; Warwick Museum 1993). A watching brief further to the east at Mancetter Road only recorded pottery dredged from the Coventry Canal (EWA3328; Scott 1997).
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An evaluation at Camp Hill identified elements of the foundations of Camp Hill Hall and 19th/20th century brick and stone structures, but no features pre-dating the late post- medieval period (EWA9421; CBA West Midlands 2007 & EWA9646; Foundations Archaeology 2007). A watching brief on pond re-excavation at Hartshill Castle recorded an area of medieval masonry and original elements of the pond (EWA7717; Coutts 2004). A watching brief at 108-110 Castle Road, Hartshill by Warwickshire Museum did not record any archaeological features (EWA6713; Coutts 1999 & EWA6899; Palmer 1999). Four evaluation trenches excavated at 41 Church Road, Hartshill revealed nothing of archaeological significance (EWA10215; Palmer 2013) An evaluation to the northwest of the site at 14 Grange Road by Atherstone Archaeology and History Society only noted faint traces of a medieval field system (EWA927; Scott & Wilson 1995). A negative watching brief was carried out at 49 Grange Road (EWA7288; Coutts 2003). A field survey (earthwork survey of industrial and landscape features) of Hartshill Hayes was undertaken by the Royal Commission for Historic Monuments in 1997 (EWA2703). Features noted included woodbanks MWA8245; diorite pits and mounds MWA8246; manganese quarries MWA8212; a double contour terrace MWA8247; round barrow MWA246, SAM38; an ice house MWA4609; Hartshill motte and bailey MWA241); forestry tracks and an undated mound (Brown 1997). Hartshill Cemetery was researched in the Review of Warwickshire's historic parks and gardens (EWA9564; Lovie 1997). Built heritage recording was undertaken at Chapel End Methodist Church, Nuneaton, prior to refurbishment (EWA7324; Coutts 2003).
The results of rescue investigations of Romano-British Mancetter and kiln sites undertaken in advance of quarrying in the wider area are noted in Section 5.3 below.
5.3 Heritage Overview
Palaeolithic (c. 500,000 BC – 10,000 BC)
Few Lower or Middle Palaeolithic sites have been identified in the Midlands, although there is some sparse evidence of human activity from the post-glacial Upper Palaeolithic, 11,000 BC to 8,000 BC as the Devensian ice sheets retreated and sea levels rose. The environmental changes which resulted from the retreating ice caps gave rise to increased vegetation and forest cover on drier ground, and open grasslands in other areas.
No evidence for Palaeolithic activity has been identified within the study area.
Mesolithic (c. 10,000 BC – 4500 BC)
Evidence suggests that Mesolithic populations exploited upland and wetland resources, which would have included fish, waterfowl, and plants, and lived on the margins of river valleys and channels. They may have hunted in the forests on the ridge above the River Anker to the northeast.
A Mesolithic flint implement (MWA4602; Wymer 1977, 328) was found in Jee’s Quarry. The findspot location is marked north the assessment site, but the exact location of the find is uncertain.
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Mesolithic activity is recorded within the proposed development site, but it is possible that the findspot is not accurately located as the artefact reportedly came from Jee’s Quarry, immediately north of the assessment site.
Neolithic (c. 4500 BC – 2350 BC)
Gradually, as the Neolithic period progressed, people shifted to a more settled agrarian lifestyle, with new forms of pottery and different styles of flint-working, as well as constructing monumental ceremonial earthworks. Flint tool knapping debris is known from the Oldbury ridge, over 1km northwest of the site.
Late Neolithic to early Bronze Age remains in the study area comprise a possible round barrow located c. 900m northwest of the site (MWA251, possibly the same site as Bronze Age bowl barrow Scheduled Monument, National Monument 21623), and a possible barrow or spoilheap (MWA5636) c. 500m southeast of the site near Windmill Hill Quarry. A leaf-shaped arrowhead was found c. 850m north of the assessment site (MWA299).
No Neolithic activity is recorded within the proposed development site.
Bronze Age (c. 2400 BC – 700 BC)
The Early Bronze Age (approx. 2100-1500 BC) is represented in the West Midlands region by round barrows and burials, as well as new types of pottery, including Food Vessels and Collared Urns and bronze axes and daggers (Garwood 2010, 64). During the early Bronze Age, woodland in lowland areas continued to be cleared to create land for small-scale cereal cultivation.
A Bronze Age bowl barrow (MWA246; Scheduled Monument, National Monument 21623) is located in the northwest corner of Hartshill Hayes, c. 900m west of the western site boundary. It was excavated in 1835 and was found to contain two cremation burials, a small bronze dagger and a later, Anglo-Saxon burial (MWA6001). The mound is now covered in trees and vegetation (Brown 1997).
A Bronze Age flint dagger was found on the surface of a ploughed field at Caldecote, located c. 900m northeast of the assessment site (MWA7521).
No Bronze Age activity is recorded within the proposed development site.
Iron Age (c. 700 BC – AD 43)
The place-name Mancetter derives from a Celtic place name probably meaning ‘horse chariot’ or ‘place of the war chariots’ (Mills 1998). The area was probably located within the tribal territories of the Cornovii or the Corieltauvi.
The scheduled site of Oldbury Camp Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age univallate hillfort (National Monument 21586) is located c. 1.3km west of the western site boundary. Oldbury Camp represents the only known example of a slight univallate hillfort in this part of Warwickshire. The Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) database notes a find of a Late Iron Age gold Gallo-Belgic stater (59-51 BC) (WMID-9AE904; not mapped as PAS geo-references are not public).
No Iron Age activity is recorded within the study area or the proposed development site.
Romano-British (AD 43 – AD 410)
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Significant military activity has been identified at Mancetter during the conquest period, when a vexillation fortress (Booth 1996) was built between AD46 the 50s AD, probably established by Legio XIV Gemina, one of the four original legions of the Claudian invasion of Britain in AD43 (Burnham & Wacher 1990, 255; MWA3867, MWA8267).
It is possible that the last battle of the Boudiccan Revolt of AD60-1 was fought by the Legio XIV Gemina and the Legio XX Valeria from Gloucester in the vicinity of Manduessedum. According to Tacitus, "... He chose a position approached by a narrow defile and secured in the rear by a forest, first satisfying himself that there was no trace of an enemy except in his front, and that the plain there was devoid of cover and allowed no suspicion of an ambuscade. ..." (Tacitus Annals XIV.xxxiv)’’. Graham Webster speculates that this location as being in one of the tributary valleys of the Anker, particularly the one near White Hall Farm north of Hartshill (NGR: SP322952); this forest may survive in patches of present-day woodland such as Monks Park Wood, Bentley Park Wood and Hartshill Hayes Country Park (Webster 1993). According to Tacitus, 80,000 Iceni and Trinovantian warriors were killed and only 400 Roman soldiers died. No archaeological evidence for this battle has yet been identified.
The Legio XIV Gemina were withdrawn to the Rhine frontier in AD64 to counter German tribes. The military complex may have been abandoned by approximately AD70 (Booth 1996, 30). From the Flavian period (AD69-96) onwards, Mancetter developed into a civilian settlement to the north east of the fortress, based along Watling Street, just to the southeast of the crossing of the River Anker. Mancetter or Manduessedum was noted in the late 2nd century Antonine Itinerary, where in Iter II, 'the route from (Hadrian's) Wall to the port at Richborough', the entry Manduesedo is listed 16 miles from Letocetum (Wall, Staffordshire) and 12 miles from Venonis (High Cross, Leicestershire). Defences (the ‘burgus’ enclosure) were probably built in the later 3rd or early 4th century (Scott 1984; 2000; Seaby & Perry 2000, 52).
A possible Roman camp may have been located c. 430m south of the site, at Camp Hill (MWA10192).
The main manufacturing industry of Manduessedum and the surrounding area was pottery. These used local clays and inclusions of local ironstone, quartzite and diorite, the waters of the River Anker and its tributaries, and fuel from the extensive tracts of woodland are /were noted in Tacitus’ Annals. A nationally important Roman pottery industry developed at Mancetter-Hartshill, specialising in the production of mortaria (pottery mixing bowls, with a distinctive spout, used for grinding). The Mancetter-Hartshill Roman pottery factories, first noted in the late 18th century, are located south-west of the settlement of Manduessedum on Watling Street.
They comprise some 61 kilns briefly recorded in 19th century during quarrying activities and/or subject to rapid salvage excavation from 1960 to 1984 in advance of quarrying (Booth 2002). The Romans used the local granite for the coarse grit in the mortaria and a large number of kilns (MWA302) have been exposed to the southeast of Hartshill during quarrying of this same granite in the 19th and 20th centuries. The exact location of many of these kilns is not known or is poorly georeferenced, and the full extent of the pottery workshops is not known; the sites have not been published so understanding of the sites is based on interim data from early ‘rescue’ excavations. It has not proved possible in this desk-based assessment to reconcile the various recorded kilns with specific locations or to ensure that kiln references are not duplicated. A research project addressing this issue is planned (pers. comm. Ben Wallace, Historic Environment Record Manager).
Pottery kilns within the study area noted in the Historic Environment Record comprise: Tuttle Hill Quarries, Nuneaton (MWA301), site of several Roman pottery kilns, south of Windmill Hill Quarry. Location may be inaccurate; located c. 400m southeast of
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assessment site. May have been located at site of MWA2789, c. 370m northwest of the site. Cherrytree Farm, Hartshill Wharf (MWA3866; MWA4233), five pottery kilns producing mortaria and coarse wares, excavated in 1983. Located c. 940m northwest of the site. Grange Road, Hartshill (MWA2789), kiln uncovered during 19th century quarrying. Exact location unknown. Hartshill (MWA6097), possible site of a kiln based on 18th century documentary evidence, in the area of Hartshill (Bartlett 1773 & 1777). Exact location unknown. Site of pottery kilns 400m SW of White House, Hartshill (MWA302), possibly specialising in mortaria. Situated 600m east of Snow Hill Recreation Ground.
Swan (1984) noted five key Mancetter-Hartshill kiln sites in her Pottery Kilns of Roman Britain. It is difficult to reconcile these with the HER data; their putative locations are mapped on Illustration 1 below. ‘HARTSHILL (1): Gee’s Quarry. A very early geophysical survey and rescue excavations were undertaken in advance of the excavation of Jee’s Quarry in 1960-1961, recording at least 31 kilns on the top and side of a hill at c. 130m AOD. The kilns discovered in the 19th century, and sited by OS within Nuneaton Parish (see Nuneaton 2), may have been found within this quarry. HARTSHILL (2): S of Grange Road. A kiln was noted during quarrying in 1963 on a level plateau top at c. 120m AOD, and was recorded by salvage excavation. Material found within the kiln comprised flanged mortaria and beakers, including some roller-stamped beakers, provisionally dated to c. 150-70 AD. HARTSHILL (3): '1 3/4 miles SE of Oldbury' (=HER MWA6097). This kiln was observed by B Bartlett in 1773 and 1777, found during cutting down mound on enclosing land, ploughing or field-walking. He noted 'a brick pavement about 5 ft square with a hole at each corner' (probably a solid-clay vent-holed raised oven-floor) (Bartlett 1791, 15). NUNEATON (1): 'Tippets' Quarry, Caldicote Quarries nr Hartshill’. A further kiln site is located south of the proposed development site, in the vicinity of Tuttle Hill. This site, at 'Tippets' Quarry, Caldicote Quarries nr Hartshill’ was recorded during soil-stripping prior to quarrying in 1891. No details of kiln construction were recorded, but finds include abundant pottery in the general vicinity and flanged mortaria, including one stamped 'SARR' (?Sarrius). Other kilns of Sarrius are known from Mancetter 1 (Kilns 1, 3, 3a) and Rossington Bridge Cantley 1 (Yorkshire). (PSAL 2 ser 16 (1897) 404-5). The location of the kiln is not certain and it may have been located further to the northwest in Hartshill Parish (Swan 1984). NUNEATON (2): Abell's Quarry, Hartshill (=HER Tuttle Hill Quarries MWA301). A series of at least three kilns were recorded at Abell's Quarry, Hartshill during soil-stripping prior to quarrying and surface collection in 1894. Abundant 2nd century pottery was recorded in the vicinity of the kiln, including white mortaria, with one stamped ‘VDIO’ (PSAL 2 ser 16 (1897) 404-5). Local opinion rejects the OS siting for these kilns (SP343931) and suggests Abell's quarries were centred SP329946, possibly in general area of Kiln 33 in Hartshill Parish. Non-local pottery near these kilns suggests settlement nearby.’
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Illustration 1. Putative locations of the Mancetter-Hartshill kilns, based on digitized gazetteer of Vivien Swan’s Pottery Kilns of Roman Britain (1984) © Study Group for Roman Pottery / OA Digital
The kilns operated from the 1st to 4th centuries AD, producing painted wares, grey wares and other cooking wares alongside mortaria (Illustration 2). ‘Since the range in date of the two potteries is the same and they produced identical pottery, and since some potters, such as Junius, used kilns in both places the two sites may be treated as part of the same industry’ (Hartley 1973). Mancetter-Hartshill wares were widely distributed in the midlands and northern Britain, mainly via the Roman road network, as far south as Oxford and as far north as the Antonine Wall in Scotland. The factories had a strong penetration in northern and military markets. One kiln, Hartshill Kiln G (Kiln 6), was producing pottery similar to that made in Oxfordshire, and may have been run by a migrant potter from Oxfordshire (Bird & Young 1981), and Kiln 22 produced mortaria similar to those from the Verulamium-region in Hertfordshire. From the mid-2nd century, some Mancetter-Hartshill potters including Sarrius moved north to workshops in Yorkshire (Tyers 2012; Illustration 3).
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Illustration 2 – Mortaria made at Mancetter-Hartshill, Illustration 3 – Mancetter-Hartshill mortaria found at Grimstock Hill. © Warwickshire Historic with the stamp of “Sarrius”, mid 2nd century, Environment Record / Coleshill Civic Trust found at Margidunum © Nottingham University Museum / Robin Aldworth
In addition to the Hartshill/Mancetter potteries, there are Roman tile workshops to the south at Arbury (SP3489) and Griff Hill (SP3688). Other industries have been identified within the potteries – a glass-working workshop and glass-making furnaces have been identified.
Other Romano-British finds from the study area comprise pottery sherds found in a garden on the north side of Camp Hill Road in 1948, immediately south of the assessment site (MWA250), and finds found either in Hartshill or at Hartshill Hayes (MWA248). The PAS database notes finds of a Roman brooch (LEIC-7E0D35) and a Late Roman silver denarius (LEIC-C6F375).
Significant Romano-British activity is recorded within the study area, in the form of pottery kilns. The location of any settlement associated with the industrial activity at Hartshill has not yet been found. Although the HER does not record any Romano-British material from the proposed development site, a pottery scatter is known from Camp Hill Road, immediately to the south (MWA250). Possible kiln furniture and extensive ceramic building material, principally tile and probably of Romano-British date, were noted during the site walkover and are illustrated in Appendix 5, Plates 38-47.
Early Medieval (AD 410 – AD 1066) and Medieval (AD 1066 – 1539)
The Mancetter-Hartshill kilns declined from the mid-to later 4th century AD as times became insecure, national and military trading networks waned and troops retreated to defend Rome. There is little information on the sub-Roman period.
An Anglo-Saxon burial (MWA6001) accompanied by a spear and shield was inserted into the mound of an earlier, Bronze Age bowl barrow (MWA246; Scheduled Monument, National Monument 21623), located c. 900m west of the western site boundary.
Ansley (Hanslei) was held together with Hartshill (Ardredshille) by the Countess Godiva before the Norman Conquest of 1066. She held an estate of two hides in Hartshill and Ansley, with land for 7 ploughs; there were 13 villans with five ploughs, and six acres of meadow (Williams & Martin (eds) 2002). The Domesday Book entries for neaby Atherstone and Nuneaton note extensive tracts of woodland. Manorial deer enclosures were first noted in 1257 and woodland at Hartshill Hayes is noted in manorial records from 1275; several boundary banks, possibly medieval, survive as earthworks within Hartshill Hayes Country Park (MWA8245). The
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presence of extensive old small-leaved lime coppice at Hartshill Hayes supports a medieval date for the wood and may indicate a direct link with prehistoric wildwood (Lovie 1997).
The HER’s putative extent of the medieval settlement (MWA9517) is based on the OS map of 1888 (Illustration 16), which had a triangular green in the north of the village; there was a chapel in the castle. Medieval pottery has been found near Grange Farm, as well as evidence for iron smelting (MWA247), c. 240m north of the assessment site.
Hartshill Castle (MWA240) is a Scheduled Monument (1011197) and the standing remains are listed grade II (1034748). The site began as a simple motte and bailey castle (MWA241) fortified in the reign of Henry I (1100-35), designed with local granite and sandstone curtain walls added by the mid-14th century to form an enclosure castle, with a chapel (MWA242).
It was restored in the early 19th century. Within the north eastern corner of the enclosure castle are the ruins of a timber and brick house and garden constructed within the castle in the 1560s (MWA12549; MWA239; Chatwin 1928; ibid. 1947; Illustrations 4, 5 & 6). To the east of Hartshill Castle are a series of ponds and earthworks, possibly part of a series of medieval defences, or ornamental post-medieval pools (MWA249). Hartshill Castle is noted in English Heritage’s Heritage at Risk Register, due to the steady decay of surviving masonry due to erosion, structural problems and vandalism. The monument is in private ownership and the owner has set up a trust to look after the castle (EH 2013).
Illustration 4 – Remains of Hartshill Castle, c. 1800 - 1809 (Libraries Heritage and Trading Standards, Warwickshire County Council, CR, 351/109, img: 3620 (3/3327))
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Illustration 5 – Hartshill Castle. 16th century Illustration 6 – Hartshill Castle from the North East. building with Norman motte covered with trees 1785. Drawn by J. Adkins and engraved by F. Cary. on the right. 1927 (Libraries Heritage and (Libraries Heritage and Trading Standards, Trading Standards, Warwickshire County Warwickshire County Council, PV, Har Cas 1, img: Council, B, 190, img: 4330 (3/3943)) 3636 (3/3342))
Coal-mining was first referred to in a document of 1292, and by 1780, there were over 200 acres of coal pits at Oldbury and Ansley. Stockingford Colliery on Nuneaton Common (MWA5893) closed in 1928.
No medieval activity is recorded within the proposed development site. However, the western end of the site is located in an area of pasture land immediately east of the medieval core of Hartshill village, and possible ridge and furrow earthworks were noted during the site visit.
Post-medieval (AD 1539 – 1751), Imperial (1751 – 1914) and Modern (1914 – present)
The field systems that are located around the edges of the Study Area are mainly composed of planned enclosure, probably dating from the early 19th century which preserves some of the boundaries of earlier medieval systems. Remaining open fields were enclosed in 1811, but fields within the site were already enclosed at this point. After 1821, Hartshill became a separate parish from Mancetter.
Historic mapping illustrates the increasing urbanisation and industrialisation of the area surrounding the site, and some maps also indicate the locations of Romano-British remains (Illustrations 13 to 24).
The turnpike roads through Hartshill Green and from Mancetter to Tuttle Hill were established in 1762 and the Coventry Canal (MWA4373; Illustration 13) was cut through Hartshill to Atherstone in 1773. The site of a post-medieval house at Hartshill Village Green known as ‘The Chapel’ was demolished by road construction (MWA243). A number of historic structures are associated with the canal, including Hartshill Wharf (MWA4383), Boon's Canal Wharf (MWA4382), two grade II listed bridges, Bridge 30 (1251839) and Bridge 33 (1262577) and a grade II listed milestone (1261659). There is a complex of listed structures at the Hartshill Wharf British Waterways Maintenance Depot on the Coventry Canal, comprising the grade II listed Clock House (1365166); a cottage and bridge (1365165); the covered dock and workshops (1034747) and a stable block (1262576).
Ribbon weaving was an important local cottage industry, first recorded in 1788. The last hand- weaver died in 1927. Historic 19th century maps indicate smithies at Hartshill Green (MWA5901), Chapel End (MWA5895) and on Coleshill Road (MWA5898).
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The first record of quarrying at Hartshill dates to 1581. The industrial revolution saw the development of stone quarrying in the area. Manganese was mined near Hartshill Castle/Hartshill Green between 1816 and the 1870s (MWA8212); diorite was quarried at Moor Wood, Hartshill Hayes (MWA8246). To the northeast of Hartshill, quartzite and granite were quarried at Hartshill (Jee’s) Quarries from 1822 (MWA5717; MWA5740l Illustrations 7 to 10). There is a small quarry site within the assessment site (MWA5714). Further quarries developed northeast of Hartshill Green (MWA5902; MWA5903), at Moor Wood southwest of Hartshill Hayes Country Park (MWA5884; MWA5885; MWA5886), on Nuneaton Road north of Camp Hill (MWA5715; MWA5716), north of Camp Hill Road (MWA5711), at Windmill Hill (MWA5736; MWA5741), on Caldecote Hill (MWA5712); on Atherstone Road (MWA5831), at Tuttle Hill (MWA5734) and at Judkin’s Quarry, located to the east, beyond the study area.
Tramways and mineral railways (MWA3181; MWA5830; MWA5718; MWA5719; MWA5735; MWA5737; MWA5891) connected the quarries with the Coventry Canal and the London, Midland and Scottish railway (VCH 1947); there was a signal box at Hartshill Sidings (MWA5833).
Illustration 7 – Men working in the Jee’s Granite and Illustration 8 – Jee’s Granite and Brick Co. Ltd. Brick Co. Ltd. quarry at Hartshill, c.1910 - 1919 quarry, Hartshill, showing quarry buildings and (Libraries Heritage and Trading Standards, PH, railways. 1910s (Libraries Heritage and Trading 352/115/12, img: 1935 (3/1839)) Standards; PH, 352/115/13, img: 1936 (3/1840))
Illustration 9 – Jee’s granite quarry workings and Illustration 10 – Hartshill Quarries of Granite & brick railway, Hartshill, c. 1920-1929 (Libraries Heritage and Co. showing rail tracks and trucks. 1911 (Libraries Trading Standards.; PH, 352/115/6, img: 1932 Heritage and Trading Standards, Warwickshire (3/1836)) County Council, PH, 352/115/14, img: 1937 (3/1841))
Associated industries, included lime kilns near Hartshill Wharf (MWA5720), a brick and tile works at Moor Wood (MWA5899), Whittleford (MWA5890) and on Nuneaton Common (MWA5892).
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There is a complex of listed buildings c. 600m north of the site at Hartshill Grange, comprising grade II* listed Hartshill Grange (1034749) and grade II listed Gazebo (1034751), Stables and Loose Box (1365168); and Barn and Former Stable (1034750).
The Home Farm buildings on the Jee estate, which may originally have been the 17th or 18th century Hartshill Park Farm, were demolished in 1974 to build the quarry’s noise baffle bank (‘blast barrier’) (Plates 32 & 33).
Richard Jee’s mansion was built during the 1840s and was known as ‘Hartshill Park’, but does not appear on Ordnance Survey maps. ‘Mr Richard Jee’s new mansion – Hartshill Park – built in the 1840s had at least three wells in the grounds. Set back from the road next to the new church, it was surrounded on three sides by a small park, which was created by taking out the hedges of several fields and closing the old road from the Coleshill Turnpike. This park and the grounds of the church and new rectory were landscaped with groups of trees, single trees and a border along the new Atherstone Road (Church Road) of mixed beech, ash, pine, oak and sweet chestnut.’ (Allen 1982, 161-2). Hartshill Secondary School and recreation ground was built ‘in what was the park to Hartshill House, home of the Jee family and then the Tryes until the middle of the [20th] century’ (ibid., 191).
The earliest school in Hartshill was endowed by Nathaniel Newton in 1707, and was set up in 1730. The present Hartshill Secondary School, located immediately west of the assessment site, opened in 1958 and has a number of later buildings. It was built on land donated by Molly Trye of nearby Hartshill House (now replaced by Church Close).
In 1712, William Smith, a ‘gentleman of London’, donated rents and profits from ‘all his lands in Warwickshire (including Charity Farm, Castle Road), towards the foundation of a school for poor children in Nuneaton. Manganese ore was also extracted from Charity Farm’s land’ (Allen 1982, 164-8). The village pound was located north of Charity Farm, immediately northwest of the assessment site (MWA5900).
In the 1930s, Hartshill expanded rapidly to the south with the colliery village at Chapel End being subsumed into an urban landscape. The 18th century Camp Hill Hall (MWA10190) and pleasure grounds (MWA12592) were demolished in 1939 to make way for housing development south of Camp Hill.
Hartshill has a strong non-conformist tradition, and has a number of extant historic places of worship, including the former Friends' Meeting House, Hartshill Green, now a house (MWA2448); Wesleyan Chapel, Grange Road, 1836 (MWA2449); Chapel End Congregational Chapel (grade II listed 1262600; MWA2447) and Chapel End Methodist Church, 1887 (MWA9698).
Holy Trinity Church, Hartshill is a grade II listed building (1365167; MWA245; Illustrations 11 & 12) which was consecrated in 1848. Additional land was added to the church precincts in 1854. Its small churchyard was closed in 1883, when a cemetery (MWA12548) was established near Hartshill Hayes, but the last person buried in the churchyard was buried in 1918. St Peter’s Church, Galley Common, Nuneaton is also grade II listed (1389490).
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Illustration 11 – Hartshill church and a house Illustration 12 – Holy Trinity Church and adjacent farm, (?Chapel End) possibly belonging to Major Jee, c. Hartshill, c. 1930 - 1939 (Libraries Heritage and Trading 1900 – 1909 (Libraries Heritage and Trading Standards, Warwickshire County Council, PH, 88/55, Standards, Warwickshire County Council, PH(N), img: 9067 (3/8264)) 759/44, img: 3514 (3/3227))
The recreation ground at Chapel End (Snow Hill), immediately south of the assessment site, was opened in 1924, created by the Miners’ Welfare Association.
The name of the modern Windmill Sports and Social Club, located at the east end of the site, reflects the Tuttle Hill Windmill (MWA1885); there was also a windmill, Hartshill Windmill, at Snow Hill on Church Road (Seaby & Smith, 1979).
A series of historic post-medieval and modern gardens are noted in the HER. These include Hartshill Castle garden (MWA12549), Hartshill Grange garden (MWA12550) and Hill House formal terraced garden, Caldecote (MWA12602). There is also a grade II listed ice house at Caldecote (1034746).
The PAS database notes post-medieval finds of a silver sixpence, 1694-1702 (WMID- 9AA2D2), an iron disc (WMID-9A5F36), a musket ball (WMID-9A4161).
Post-medieval, imperial and modern period activity recorded within the proposed development site comprises trackway and spoil tip associated with a small quarry to the north of the site, and the quarry tip and recreation ground to the east of the site.
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lllustration 13 – 1728, Henry Beighton’s Map of Warwickshire, showing Manduessedum ‘Roman Camp’, Oldbury House on the site of the Iron Age fort and Hartshill medieval castle.
Illustration 14 – 1771 A Plan of the Navigable Canal, Now Making from the City of Coventry. To Communicate with the Grand Canal upon Fradley Heath, in the County of Stafford'. 1771 John Lodge, Gentleman's Magazine
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Illustration 15 – Extract from 1835 Ordnance Survey First Series, Sheet 63 (Scale 1:63360)
Illustration 16 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Map, 1888 (Scale 1:10560). Hartshill Quarries are shown to the north.
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Illustration 17 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Map, 1904 (Scale 1:10560). A track crosses the site leading to a small quarry immediately to the north.
Illustration 18 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Map, 1921 (Scale 1:10560). Hartshill Quarry is expanding and housing is beginning to be developed along Camp Hill Road. The small quarry immediately to the north is now disused, marked ‘Old Quarry’.
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Illustration 19 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Map, 1924 (Scale 1:10560). Hartshill Quarry is expanding and housing continues to develop along Camp Hill Road. The small quarry immediately to the north is now marked ‘Tank’ and its spoil tip crosses into the assessment site.
Illustration 20 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Plan, 1955 (Scale 1:10000). Hartshill Quarry continues to grow and housing continues to develop along Camp Hill Road. Part of the small quarry spoil tip within assessment site is now becoming wooded. Hartshill School is marked to the west.
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Illustration 21 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Plan, 1966 (Scale 1:10000). Hartshill High School is now marked, as is the Sports Ground and Pavilion in the east of the assessment site.
Illustration 22 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Plan, 1975 (Scale 1:10000). This map indicates ‘Roman Pottery Kilns (site of)’ immediately north of the assessment site.
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Illustration 23 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Plan, 1983 (Scale 1:10000). The bund south of Hartshill Quarries has been constructed and fields have been rationalised.
Illustration 24 – Extract from Ordnance Survey Plan, 1992 (Scale 1:10000).
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Undated
A small number of undated heritage assets are recorded within the study area, although none are in close proximity to the site. These include a terraced earthwork in Hartshill Hayes Country Park (MWA8247), the cropmark of a linear feature east of the sewage works at Hartshill (MWA6120), an enclosure south of Cedar Road, Camp Hill (MWA1686) and a subrectangular double-ditched enclosure north west of Spring Wood, c. 480m east of the eastern site boundary (MWA297).
The area is not covered by the English Heritage National Mapping Programme. A number of undated cropmark enclosures have been noted on aerial photographs (MWA6120; MWA1686; MWA297). Aerial photographs consulted in the course of this assessment are reproduced in Appendix 5, Plates 1-4. These indicate traces of east-west narrow-rig ridge and furrow cultivation in the northwestern corner of the western pasture field within the site.
The PAS database notes finds of human remains (WMID-9A2E01), slag (WMID-99F6B4), and a heavily worn coin (WMID-9A8893).
5.4 Historic Landscape
The historic landscape is “the settlement patterns, field systems, woodland, industry and communications systems etc. that make up our present countryside” (Rippon 2004, 8). The study of the historic landscape allows us to understand the time-depth of the present landscape, and is studied through the use of ‘Historic Landscape Characterisation.’ This allows us to study how the landscape has changed over time, to understand historical processes that have shaped the landscape of today, and to recognise historic the historic elements within the landscape. Historic landscapes, such as the landscape of Lancashire, can be broken down into broad types such as settlements or parkland, made distinct by the character of generic historic landscape ‘types’ and ‘components’ within them, such as large areas of rectilinear 18th and 19th century fields and dispersed farmsteads, or areas of medieval woodland and routeways (Rippon 2004, 21).
According to Natural England’s Character of England Landscape, Wildlife and Natural Features Map (NE 2005) the proposed development site is located on the eastern edge of Natural Character Area (NCA) 97, Arden. To the north and northeast it drops down to the open landscape of the Mease/Sence Lowlands. Relevant characteristics of this area include: Well-wooded farmland landscape with rolling landform. Geologically diverse with rocks ranging from the Precambrian to the Jurassic and overlain by superficial Quaternary deposits. Mature oaks, mostly found within hedgerows, together with ancient woodlands, and plantation woodlands that often date from the time of enclosure. Woodlands include historic coppice bounded by woodbanks. Numerous areas of former wood-pasture with large, old, oak trees often associated with isolated remnants of more extensive heathlands. Village greens/commons have a strong association with remnant lowland heath. Diverse field patterns, ranging from well hedged, irregular fields and small woodlands that contrast with larger semi regular fields on former deer park estates. Complex and contrasting settlement pattern with some densely populated where traditional settlements have amalgamated to form the major West Midlands conurbation whilst some settlements remain distinct and relatively well dispersed. North eastern industrial area based around former Warwickshire coalfield, with distinctive colliery settlements.
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Transport infrastructure, the M42, M40, M6 and M5 are major transport corridors that sit within the landscape of this NCA. Shakespeare’s ‘Forest of Arden’, featured in ‘As You Like It’, is still reflected through the woodland cover, mature oaks, small ancient woodlands and former wood pasture.
Hartshill Hayes Country Park comprises Ancient Replanted Woodland, and c. 660m to the east of the site is a strip of Ancient and Semi-Natural Woodland (HWA2825, Figure 4).
This Arden NCA is among the most geologically diverse. This has had a strong impact on the landscape’s character and development and is further reflected in the range of locally and nationally important geological assets across the NCA. Jee’s Quarry, immediately north of the assessment site, is a Local Geological Site described as ‘A very large roadstone quarry situated on the west side of the B4111 some 3.5kms north west of Nuneaton. Five members of the Hartshill Sandstone Formation are represented. These are the Park Hill, Tuttle Hill, Jee's, Home Farm and Woodlands members. Numerous trace fossils have been found in these rocks that are beneath undisputed Tommotian shelly fossils. Collectively, these provide some of the oldest Cambrian fossils to have been found in Europe. The overlying Purley Shale Formation of the Stockingford Shale Group is also exposed which yields Middle Cambrian trilobite fossils.’ It qualifies as a Local Geological Site as it is a good example of the complete Hartshill Sandstone Formation, and has potential for education fieldwork, scientific study and has geological/physiographic linkage to: Oldbury Quarry (LGS9), Judkins Quarry (LGS12), Midland Quarry (LGS13), Woodlands Quarry SSSI and Boon’s Quarry SSSI (WGCG 2009). Due to the significance of the geological asset, it is recommended that development or planning consultation relating to this site or its surrounds should inform the Warwickshire Geological Conservation Group Officer via the Keeper of Geology, Warwickshire Museum.
According to Warwickshire’s Historic Landscape Characterisation project data (Figure 4), key historic landscape features of assessment site are as follows: The western and central fields are classified as fieldscapes, large irregular fields. Marked on the OS 1st edition map as large rectilinear fields, probably planned enclosure, part of a larger field system that has been truncated by the quarry (HWA3091). The eastern part contains scrubland, marked on the OS 2nd and 1955 edition maps as part of Hartshill Quarry. Marked on the OS 1st edition as large rectilinear fields, probably planned enclosure (HWA3092). Windmill Hill Recreation Ground at the eastern end comprises a designed sports field landscape - bowling green and sports ground (HWA3052).
To the west of the site, along Castle Road and Church Road, is the settlement of Hartshill, with 19th and 20th century housing, Charity Farm, a pre-1880s historic farmstead (HWA2945), 19th century terraced housing, and along Church Close, post-1955 detached housing (bungalows) (HWA2937). To the southwest of the site, is Hartshill School (HWA2911). The belt of woodland at Snow Hill is classed as broad-leaved plantation marked on the OS 1st edition onwards (HWA2914)
South of the site, along Camp Hill Road, are a series of 20th century housing developments. North of the site, in the area now quarried, is the location of the former Home Farm (HWA16723, HWA16724) and the present extractive landscape (hard rock extraction) (HWA2734).
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6 HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT
6.1 Introduction
This section determines the significance of heritage assets within the site, based on designation; the potential to contribute to the regional archaeological research framework; the archaeological, historic, artistic and architectural interest of the asset; and professional judgement. It also assesses potential impacts arising from the proposed development, and the potential for further unrecorded buried archaeological remains to be present within the site.
6.2 Recorded Heritage Assets
Three heritage assets are currently recorded within the site. These comprise the site of Roman pottery kilns at, and west of, Windmill Hill Recreation Ground (MWA302) and pottery found north of Camp Hill Road (MWA250), a poorly located Mesolithic flint findspot mapped on Figure 2 to the north of the site (MWA4602) and the site of a small late 19th to early 20th century quarry in the east of the site (MWA5714).
6.3 Potential Heritage Assets
There is high potential for further evidence of Romano-British activity to be found within the site, primarily in the form of industrial and settlement remains related to the Mancetter-Hartshill pottery complex. Historic mapping indicates that the west and centre of the site are unlikely to have been quarried; the western pasture may have preserved a sequence of post-medieval, medieval and Romano-British remains. Roman pottery kilns were recorded in the east of the site during quarrying (MWA302) and have been removed. There may be further kilns located on land within the assessment site to the south and southwest of the quarries. It is considered that any further such remains would be of high significance.
Faint above-ground remains of narrow-rig ridge cultivation, and possible faint earthworks related to medieval settlement, backyard deposits and infield agriculture are present in the pasture field in the west of the site. It is considered that such remains, depending on their state of preservation, may be of moderate to high significance. This site lies some distance from the medieval historic core of Hartshill, that was centred around the site of the castle and the village green.
There is some potential for evidence of prehistoric activity to be found across the site, primarily in the form of scatters of flint artefacts of flakes, marking the site of early prehistoric flint-working (MWA4602). It is considered that such remains would be of low to moderate significance, depending on the extent and degree of integrity of any flint scatter.
There is some potential for evidence of 19th and 20th century quarrying activity, in the form of trackways, quarries and spoil tips in the east of the site (MWA5714). Such sites are considered to form an integral part of the area’s history and character and are therefore assessed as being of moderate significance.
It is possible that below-ground remains of former medieval to post-medieval ridge and furrow earthworks may be present within the proposed development site, in the centre and west. Below-ground remains of furrows are not considered to be heritage assets.
6.4 Mitigation through Design
Vegetation screening around the boundaries of site is already extensive. It may be increased in the western part of the site to reduce visual impact on the significance of designated heritage assets beyond the site, resulting from the change within their setting.
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The masterplan is currently in development and there may be potential to preserve any areas of particularly significant archaeological remains in situ beneath areas of green space, car parking etc.
6.5 Assessment of Potential Impacts on Heritage Assets
Previous Impacts
Previous impacts within the proposed development site primarily derive from historical and modern ploughing, particularly in the central arable fields, which may have impacted upon the upper horizons of any currently unrecorded buried remains beneath the topsoil layer.
The eastern extent of the site, west of and at Windmill Hill Recreation Ground, has undergone extensive truncation, levelling and spoil dumping as a result of quarrying. It is also heavily overgrown with vegetation, which may have caused root damage.
Potential Development Impacts
The direct impacts of the development upon below-ground archaeological remains will be significant. Generally speaking, archaeological heritage assets could be subject to disturbance from intrusive groundworks, construction of building foundations, and construction of associated facilities including haul, access and internal roads; utilities, drainage and soakaways and vegetation planting.
Impact upon the Historic Landscape
The Historic Landscape Character of the site is derived from post-medieval field enclosures, and is considered to be of low heritage significance. Its character is also influenced by the proximity of the bund of Jee’s Quarry to the north, the quarry spoil tip within the east of the site, and the extensive urbanised infill at Hartshill and at Camp Hill to the south. The layout of the fields will not be altered, nor will the boundaries. Development of the western end of the site would have a moderate impact on the setting of the isolated medieval core of Hartshill.
Therefore, the proposed development will have a moderate impact on the Historic Landscape Character of the proposed development site.
Impacts Resulting from Change within Setting of Heritage Assets
A setting assessment area of 5km was adopted for this assessment. All designated archaeological assets within this area, comprising 9 scheduled monuments, 5 conservation areas, 6 grade I listed buildings, 16 grade II* listed buildings, and 173 grade II listed buildings were examined.
Designated heritage assets within 1km of the assessment site are listed in Appendix 1, Table 1.1. Those within 5km of the site are listed in Appendix 1, Table 1.3.The locations of assets within 1km of the site are noted on Figure 2, and those within 5km are illustrated on Figure 3.
Initial assessment concluded that 211 designated assets would not be affected by the proposed development, as they were unequivocally screened from the proposed development site and shared no historical or functional links with the site.
The remaining assets selected for field assessment comprised 18 designated and two non- designated assets: Hartshill Castle (Scheduled Monument, 1011197) and Hartshill Castle ruins (grade II listed, 1034748);
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Church of the Holy Trinity (grade II listed, 1365167); Charity Farm (not designated); Hartshill Grange (grade II* listed, 1034749) and its gazebo (grade II listed, 1034751), barn and former stable (grade II listed, 1034750), stables and loose box (grade II listed, 1365168); Wesleyan Chapel, Grange Road, Hartshill (not designated, MWA2449). A complex of historic structures at Hartshill Wharf, comprising Clock House (grade II listed, 1365166), a cottage and bridge (grade II listed, 1365165), Covered dock and workshops (grade II listed, 1034747) and a stable block (grade II listed, 1262576); Bridge 30 Grange Road Bridge over the Coventry Canal (grade II listed, 1251839); Oldbury Camp univallate hillfort (Scheduled Monument, 1018855) and bowl barrow 580m east of Moor Wood Farm (Scheduled Monument, 1014684); Hartshill Cemetery (not designated, MWA12548); Historic core of Hartshill at Hartshill Village Green (not designated); and Chapel End Congregational Church (grade II listed, 1262600) and Coleshill Road Methodist Church (not designated, MWA9698).
Following the field assessment, 15 designated heritage assets and one non-designated heritage asset have not been carried through to detailed assessment. The field assessment determined that there was no relationship between the assets and the development area. These scoped-out assets comprise: Hartshill Grange (grade II* listed, 1034749) and its gazebo (grade II listed, 1034751), barn and former stable (grade II listed, 1034750), stables and loose box (grade II listed, 1365168). Screened by distance, topography and the spoil tips of Jee’s Quarry (Plate 24). Wesleyan Chapel, Grange Road, Hartshill (not designated, MWA2449). Screened by distance and intervening urban form of buildings on south side of Grange Road (Plate 27). A complex of historic structures at Hartshill Wharf, comprising Clock House (grade II listed, 1365166), a cottage and bridge (grade II listed, 1365165), Covered dock and workshops (grade II listed, 1034747) and a stable block (grade II listed, 1262576). Screened by distance, topography and the spoil tips of Jee’s Quarry (Plates 22 & 23). Bridge 30 Grange Road Bridge over the Coventry Canal (grade II listed, 1251839). Screened by distance, topography and the spoil tips of Jee’s Quarry (Plates 25 & 26). Oldbury Camp univallate hillfort (Scheduled Monument, 1018855) and bowl barrow 580m east of Moor Wood Farm (Scheduled Monument, 1014684), screened by topography and the woodland of Hartshill Hayes Country Park, and the urban form along the eastern end of Oldbury Road. Hartshill Cemetery (not designated, MWA12548). Screened by distance and intervening urban form. Historic core of Hartshill at Hartshill Village Green (not designated). Screened by intervening urban form (Plate 20). Chapel End Congregational Church (grade II listed, 1262600; Plate 29) and Coleshill Road Methodist Church (not designated, MWA9698; Plate 30), both screened by distance and intervening urban form.
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Three heritage assets were carried through to full assessment, in line with English Heritage guidance. The assets comprise: Hartshill Castle (Scheduled Monument, 1011197) and Hartshill Castle ruins (grade II listed, 1034748); Church of the Holy Trinity (grade II listed, 1365167); and Charity Farm (not designated).
Hartshill Castle and Hartshill Castle ruins
Hartshill Castle is located on the western side of the village of Hartshill, west of Castle Road. It is separated from the road by a very wide dip and moat, and lies on a northeast/southwest ridge, below the level of the road, c. 165m west of the westernmost end of the assessment site. The castle is a scheduled monument (1011197) and its ruins are grade II listed (1034748). The full scheduled monument entry and list description are contained in Appendix 4.
Hartshill Castle comprises the standing and buried remains of Hartshill Castle, the site of a post-medieval house constructed within an earlier enclosure castle and parts of an associated water management system. It is primarily a motte and bailey castle which was altered prior to the mid-14th century to form an enclosure castle, the standing remains of which are also listed Grade II (Plates 16 & 17).
Hartshill Castle is situated in a commanding position on a ridge running northwest-southeast. The natural slope of the ridge has been accentuated to strengthen the castle defences on the north, west and east sides. The motte and bailey castle was constructed during the reign of Henry I (1100-35) by Hugh de Handreshull. Prior to the mid-14th century the castle was refortified and a curtain wall, built of coursed, squared, Hartshill granite blocks with sandstone dressings, was added to the bailey. The enclosure castle is thought to have been constructed by John de Handreshull in c. 1330. The motte was not included within the defences of the new enclosure castle and was presumably abandoned at this time.
The remains of the chapel which are part of the castle fabric are therefore listed Grade II and are included in the scheduling. Within the north eastern corner of the enclosure castle are the ruins of a timber and brick building, the ruins of a post-medieval house constructed within the castle. The standing remains include a large brick chimney with two chamfered stone fireplaces and are listed Grade II. The house includes part of the curtain walls within its fabric and is all that is now visible of a four gabled, part timber-framed house, built in the 1560s.
The significance of the castle is primarily derived from the architectural, artistic and historic interest of its built fabric and its internal and external features. It originated as a motte-and- bailey castle, particularly important for the study of Norman Britain and the development of the feudal system. Built in towns, villages and open countryside, motte and bailey castles generally occupied strategic positions dominating their immediate locality and, as a result, are the most visually impressive monuments of the early post-Conquest period surviving in the modern landscape. The conversion of the site from a motte and bailey to an enclosure castle in the 14th century is of particular interest, and waterlogged areas of its moat may contain palaeoenvironmental remains.
Hartshill Castle has no historical or functional connections to the site. Views of the surrounding parish and village, although largely screened by urban form, make a small contribution to the historic interest and aesthetic value of the monument, which add to its significance. These views will be unaffected by the proposed development, as they are screened by urban form comprising Castle Road and houses on the north side of Castle Road (Plate 18). The land within the proposed development site is not visible from the castle due the rising topography, and does not contribute to the significance of the castle in any way.
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It is assessed that the elements of the asset’s setting which contribute to its significance will not be harmed by the proposed development.
Church of the Holy Trinity
Holy Trinity Church, Hartshill is a grade II listed building (1365167; MWA245; Illustrations 11 & 12) built between 1841 and 1848 by T.L. Walker. It is built of local Hartshill granite rubble with red brick, blue brick and sandstone dressings in Neo-Norman style (Plate 8).
The apse at the east end is visible from the central portion of the assessment site (Plate 11), and both the eastern and northern elevations are visible from the pasture field at the western end of the site (Plates 9 & 10). The church is separated from the proposed development site by a re-ordered churchyard containing re-located headstones and partially screened by dense vegetation growing along a fence (Plate 5; Plates 12 & 13).
It is assessed that the elements of the asset’s setting which contribute to its significance will suffer minor harm from the proposed development, as the development would have a low impact on an asset of medium value.
Charity Farm
Charity Farm is an undesignated brick farmhouse with a slate roof and brick and slate outbuildings, fronting Castle Road and backing onto the pasture field at the western end of the site. It may have its origins in William Smith’s 1712 educational charity (Allen 1982, 164-8) (Plates 49 & 50).
As a farmhouse, Charity Farm also draws some significance from its associated farmland in the immediate vicinity, which contributes to its historic interest and the aesthetic value of the experience of the asset. The surrounding fields will be altered by the proposed development.
It is assessed that elements of the asset’s setting which contribute to its significance will suffer minor harm from the proposed development, as the development would have a moderate impact on an asset of low value.
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7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Heritage assets have been identified within the proposed development site.
There is some potential for prehistoric activity. There is high potential for further evidence of Romano-British activity to be found within the site, which lies close to known kiln sites of the Mancetter-Hartshill pottery industry. It is likely that medieval and/or post-medieval peripheral settlement and agricultural remains are present in the western pasture field. It is likely that remains associated with 19th and 20th century quarrying activity will be encountered in the east of the site.
An assessment of potential indirect impacts of development upon the setting of scheduled monuments and listed buildings has been carried out. It is considered that the development will not harm the significance of the scheduled Hartshill Castle and grade II listed Hartshill Castle ruins. The significance of grade II listed Holy Trinity Church, Hartshill and the undesignated buildings and farmyard at Charity Farm would suffer minor harm, through alteration of elements of their setting which contribute to their significance. However, the proposed development would certainly not cause ‘substantial harm or total loss of significance’ to a designated heritage asset as defined by NPPF (Paragraphs 132-134).
It is recommended that a staged programme of archaeological investigations be undertaken in order to clarify the character, extent and significance of the buried archaeological resource in the west and centre of the site, and to inform potential mitigation measures and detailed design elements of the scheme.
Following consultation with the Warwickshire Planning Archaeologist, it is anticipated that the following pre-determination investigations will be required: Archaeological geophysical survey of the arable and pasture fields (including magnetometer survey), followed by Systematic archaeological fieldwalking, and Archaeological trial trench evaluation.
These pre-determination investigations can only be undertaken following the harvest of the wheat crop currently on the site.
It is recommended that any intrusive geotechnical investigations, particularly in the west and centre of the site, be accompanied by an archaeological watching brief (archaeologist in attendance) to assess the character, integrity and depth of anthropogenic deposits and record any finds.
It is likely that land in the east of the site, at the Windmill Hill Recreation Ground and in the area of former quarrying (MWA5714, MWA302) have been subject to extensive ground disturbance which is likely to have destroyed archaeological deposits. In these areas, archaeological deposit modelling may be required in order to determine the extent of ground disturbance. This would be based on historic map regression analysis coupled with the results of geotechnical investigations.
It is recommended that as the detailed design develops, the Conservation Officer for North Warwickshire Borough Council is consulted in order to establish building design and quality issues and any mitigation and enhancement requirements, particularly related to setting impacts upon Holy Trinity church. It is also recommended that English Heritage be consulted to confirm that the development will not have a setting impact on Hartshill Castle scheduled monument.
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Due to the proximity of the proposed development to the Jee’s Quarry Local Geological Site, it is recommended that the Warwickshire Geological Conservation Group be consulted via Warwickshire Museum.
Following determination, it is likely that archaeological mitigation in the form of a series of staged, programmed archaeological excavations may be required, depending on the location and level of impact of groundworks. Additionally, archaeological watching briefs may be required on groundworks. The mitigation strategy may require the preservation in situ of any archaeological deposits worthy of conservation.
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Tomber, R & Dore, J 1998 The National Roman Fabric Reference Collection. A Handbook. MOLAS Monograph 2. Museum of London Archaeology Service / English Heritage / British Museum
Tyers, PA 2012 (1996) Atlas of Roman Pottery http://www.potsherd.net/atlas/potsherd.html
Veasey, EA 2002 Nuneaton a History. Phillimore, Chichester
Warwickshire Museum. 1993 Windmill Sports and Social Club, Hartshill. Watching Brief
Webster, G 1993 Rome Against Caratacus. The Roman Campaigns in Britain AD 48-58. Batsford, London
Williams, A & Martin, GH (eds) 2002 Domesday Book. A complete translation. Penguin, London
Willis, S (ed.) 1997 Study Group for Roman Pottery: Research Frameworks for the study of Roman pottery. SGRP
Woodward, AB 2007 Ceremonial Landscapes and Ritual Deposits in the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Periods in the West Midlands, in Garwood (ed.) 2007, 182-193 WGCG 2009 Warwickshire Local Geological Site 10, Jee's Quarry. Warwickshire Geological Conservation Group http://wgcg.freehostia.com/LoGS/LoGS10.pdf WMANS 1960 Stanley M and B. & Hartley K., Excavation Report. Council for British Archaeology Group 8, West Midlands Archaeological News Sheet 3, 4-5 WMANS 1961 Hartley K., Excavation Report. Council for British Archaeology Group Group 8, West Midlands Archaeological News Sheet 4, 5 Wymer, J & Bonsall, C 1977 Gazetteer of Mesolithic Sites in England and Wales. Geo Abstracts and the Council for British Archaeology Research Report 20 Internet Resources Heritage datasets National Heritage List for England http://www.english- heritage.org.uk/professional/protection/process/national-heritage-list-for-england/
English Heritage PastScape national historic environment database http://www.pastscape.org.uk/
Britain from Above Aerofilms collection http://www.britainfromabove.org.uk/
ViewFinder historic photographs of England in the English Heritage Archive http://viewfinder.english-heritage.org.uk/
England's historic sites and buildings http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/gateway/
HERITAGE DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014 48
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd - Hartshill, Warwickshire
British Listed Buildings Online http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/
Windows on Warwickshire. Warwickshire County Council. Warwickshire Views and Images. http://www.windowsonwarwickshire.org.uk/
Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs/ English Heritage/ Natural England/ Environment Agency/ Forestry Commission/ Marine Management Organisation http://www.magic.gov.uk/MagicMap.aspx
Gatehouse Gazetteer. Gazetteer and bibliography of the medieval castles, fortifications and palaces of England, Wales and the Islands http://www.gatehouse-gazetteer.info/
Virtual reference library of genealogical information http://www.genuki.org.uk/
Portable Antiquities Scheme Database http://finds.org.uk/database/
Geology and soils
British Geological Society geology mapping http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html
British Geological Society borehole data http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html?mode=boreholes
Historic mapping GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. A Vision of Britain through Time. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/
Old Maps Online. JISC/University of Portsmouth/Klokan Technologies http://www.oldmapsonline.org/ Historic Ordnance Survey mapping http://www.old-maps.co.uk/maps.html David Rumsey Map Collection/Cartography Associates http://www.davidrumsey.com/
Historic aerial photograph references Black and white 1947 vertical aerial photograph of proposed development site. British Library/Envirocheck 1947, SP39SW, Scale 1:10 560, north to top. Warwickshire County Council Historic Environment Record, National Coal Board 1/680/6829 FSL No. 6. Region West Midlands, Nuneaton Area. 29 March 1968, Scale 1:10 560, north to left. HER Reference SP3294.
HERITAGE DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014 49
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd - Hartshill, Warwickshire
HISTORIC MAPPING
Date Title Reference
1728 Henry Beighton’s Map of Warwickshire. 1 inch to 1 mile. Warwickshire Record Office CR13/6
Hartshill: Map of the Estate of Benjamin Bartlet by Matthias Baker; Inventory of Nathaniel Newton and Account of B. Warwickshire Record Office CR1488/1-3 1768 Bartlett. Map of Benjamin Bartlet's estate by Matthias Baker - 03219 with the accompanying survey and a draft thereof
'A Plan of the Navigable Canal, Now Making from the City of http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.anc Coventry. To Communicate with the Grand Canal upon 1771 estry.com/~genmaps/genfiles/COU_files/ Fradley Heath, in the County of Stafford'. John Lodge, ENG/WAR/lodge_canal_1771.htm Gentleman's Magazine
http://www.immanuelsground.com/image 1787 John Cary’s New and Correct English Atlas, London s/maps/Warwickshire_carey1787.jpg
William Yates, Map of Warwickshire drawn from an actual 1793 Warwickshire Record Office survey, 1787-1788-1789
Plan of Manganese Mines, Hartshill and Nuneaton. A rough, Warwickshire Record Office Z0400(L) - c. 1809 diagrammatic plan showing ownership of manganese mines 04999 in Hartshill and Nuneaton.
Hartshill and Ansley Enclosure Map, scale 6 chains; 1 inch. Warwickshire Record Office CR 491 J. Eagle (does not cover site area) 1811 Certified copy of the Hartshill and Ansley Inclosure Award, Warwickshire Record Office Y01/22 - 13 Apr 1811 00678
1822 Christopher Greenwood’s Map of Warwickshire Warwickshire Record Office
Ordnance Survey First Series, Sheet 63 – Leicester 1835 www.visionofbritain.org.uk/ (1:63360)
Hartshill: Nathaniel Newton's Charity. Conveyance (being an Warwickshire Record Office CR1624/8 – 1871 appointment of additional trustees) 03233
1887- Envirocheck Ordnance Survey Map of Warwickshire 1:10560 1888
Ordnance Survey 2nd Edition Map of Warwickshire 25’’ : 1 Envirocheck 1898 mile (1:2500)
Ordnance Survey 1st Edition Map of 1904 Envirocheck Warwickshire/Leicestershire 1:10560
Hartshill: Plans of Jee's Hartshill Granite and Brick Co. n.d., works. Shows proposed new tramway connections with the Warwickshire Record Office c.1905 canal and with the L.N.W.R., including a new tramway bridge CR1590/P708/1-3 over the canal
British Waterways Board Hartshill: Tracing of a plan of a n.d., Warwickshire Record Office proposed railway from Jee's Hartshill Granite & Brick Co's c.1905 CR1590/P654/1,2 – 02213 quarries
Ordnance Survey Map of Warwickshire/Leicestershire Envirocheck 1920-1 1:10560
1924 Ordnance Survey Map of Warwickshire 25’’ : 1 mile (1:2500) Envirocheck
HERITAGE DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014 50
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd - Hartshill, Warwickshire
HISTORIC MAPPING
Date Title Reference
Ordnance Survey Map of Warwickshire/Leicestershire Envirocheck 1925 1:10560
Ordnance Survey Map of Warwickshire/Leicestershire Envirocheck 1938 1:10560
Ordnance Survey of Great Britain New Popular Edition, Sheet 132 - Coventry and Rugby. British War Office GSGS 1945 www.visionofbritain.org.uk/ 4127, Ordnance Survey Popular and New Popular Editions (1:63360)
Ordnance Survey Maps of Warwickshire 25’’ : 1 mile Envirocheck 1952 (1:2500)
British Waterways Board Hartshill: Plan of quarries and a Warwickshire Record Office 1954 pipe connecting to a canal feeder CR1590/P696 – 02213
1955 Ordnance Survey Plan (1:10,000) Envirocheck
1961 Ordnance Survey Planof Warwickshire (1:2500) Envirocheck
1965-6 Ordnance Survey Plan (1:10,000) Envirocheck
1972 Barnett’s Nuneaton and Bedworth Street Plan Warwickshire Record Office MB NUN
1974-5 Ordnance Survey Plan (1:10,000) Envirocheck
1981 Ordnance Survey Map of Warwickshire (1:2500) Envirocheck
1983 Ordnance Survey Plan (1:10,000) Envirocheck
1992 Ordnance Survey Plan (1:10,000) Envirocheck
Ordnance Survey 1:50 000 Landranger 140: Leicester and 1992 URS library Coventry
2006 Ordnance Survey 10K Raster Mapping (1:10,000) Envirocheck
2013 Ordnance Survey 10K Raster Mapping (1:10,000) Envirocheck
HERITAGE DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014 51
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Appendix 1
Heritage Gazetteers
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.1 – GAZETTEER OF DESIGNATED HERITAGE ASSETS (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2) Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type number Hartshill Castle. The standing remains of the Scheduled 1011197 432542.9 294319.4 castle fabric are listed Grade II. Monument Scheduled 1014684 Bowl barrow 580m east of Moor Wood Farm 431755.1 294329.7 Monument 1034748 Hartshill Castle ruins II 432525 294331.4 Listed building 1365167 Church of the Holy Trinity II 432716 293940.4 Listed building 1262600 Chapel End Congregational Church II 432469 293380.4 Listed building 1389490 Church of St Peter II 432036.3 296694.7 Listed building 1034749 Hartshill Grange II* 432998 294731.4 Listed building Gazebo approximately 30 metres west of 1034751 II 432911 294764.4 Listed building Hartshill Grange Barn and former stable approximately 1.5 1034750 II 433017 294732.4 Listed building metres north east of Hartshill Grange Stables and loose box approximately 2 1365168 II 433012 294714.4 Listed building metres south east of Hartshill Grange Cottage and bridge approximately 75 metres 1365165 east of covered dock and workshops at II 432896.4 295193.3 Listed building British Waterways Maintenance Depot Covered dock and workshops at British 1034747 II 432836 295202.4 Listed building Waterways Maintenance Depot 1365166 Clock House II 432827 295165.4 Listed building Stable block at Hartshill Yard Coventry 1262576 II 432810 295174.4 Listed building Canal Bridge 30 Grange Road Bridge at SP 3317 1251839 II 433177.3 294886.2 Listed building 9489 Coventry Canal 1262577 Bridge 33 at SP 3257 9529 Coventry Canal II 432574 295292.4 Listed building Milestone between bridges 27 and 28 at Sp 1261659 II 434331.7 293808.3 Listed building 3432 9381, Coventry Canal 1034746 Ice House at SP 3470 9458, Caldecote II 434700 294580.4 Listed building
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID
Findspot - Findspot - a flint implement (unretouched blade/flake) MWA4602 Mesolithic flint Findspot Mesolithic of Early Mesolithic date was found in Jee's Quarry. implement
The possible site of a round barrow, an artificial Possible Early mound of earth usually constructed to cover a burial. Neolithic to Neolithic The barrow may have dated between the Early MWA251 Round barrow? Bronze Age to Early Neolithic and Late Bronze Age periods. It was Round Barrow Iron Age situated 500m south east of Oldbury. This site may equal
A possible round barrow, an artificial mound of earth Early Possible used for covering a burial. It probably dates to the Neolithic Neolithic to Round barrow, Bronze Age and is visible as an earthwork. It is MWA5636 to Late Bronze Age barrow situated 100m north of Windmill Hill Quarry. Bronze round barrow Alternatively, it has been suggested that it is a Age spoilheap from quarry activity.
Early Findspot - Neolithic Findspot - a leaf-shaped flint arrowhead of Neolithic MWA299 Neolithic Findspot to Late date was found 700m north west of White House. arrowhead Neolithic
Findspot - Findspot - a flint implement (flint dagger fragment) Bronze Age Bronze MWA7521 Findspot dating to the Bronze Age was found 500m north east Flint Dagger in Age of White House on the surface of a ploughed field. Caldecote
The site of a round barrow, an artificial mound built to Bronze Age cover a burial. It dates from the Bronze Age and Round barrow, Bronze MWA246 Round Barrow contained two cremation burials and a later A-S burial cremation, barrow Age in Hartshill (MWA6001). It is on the W side of Hartshill Hayes Country Park and survives as an earthwork.
Possible Possible Roman Camp thought to be under the Romano- MWA10192 Roman Camp Fortification, defence present day Church and the previous Hall at Camp British at Camp Hill Hill.
The site of several Roman pottery kilns used in the manufacture of pottery. The site is located 200m south of Windmill Hill Quarry. Haverfield located 19th century finds of Roman pottery kilns in Caldecote quarry, at about this grid reference. The OS also Site of Roman located the kilns at about this point. Swann has Pottery Kilns at Romano- MWA301 Pottery kiln, kiln tentatively followed the location given by the OS. It is Tuttle Hill British actually apparent from the earliest accounts that the Quarries kilns were found some 2km to the NW (see MWA2789). Noted, giving this location for 'first kilns at Hartshill: producing coarsewares and mortaria', finds 1881-7. However, see MWA2789 for information about the locational inaccuracy of this particular site.
Excavation of The site of five pottery kilns that dated to the Roman Romano- MWA3866 Roman Pottery Pottery kiln, kiln period. They were situated 250m north east of Cherry Kilns at British Tree Farm. Following on from MH 1983 (see Cherrytree MWA4233) a rescue excavation was set up in APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID Farm November 1983 to investigate the Roman kiln complex at Cherrytree Farm in advance of pipe laying. An area of 600 sq m was excavated to the NW of the kilns uncovered in May 1983. Three more kilns were revealed lying within the NW angle of a broad flat-bottomed ditch. The ditch had been recut on at least one occasion. Two kilns were orientated roughly E-W and are similar to types found previously in the complex. The third kiln was more unusual. The pottery from the kilns suggests that they were all making mortaria and coarse wares in varying proportions during the later 2nd century and early 3rd century. Other features included a large spread of ash and wasters and a pit. Five Roman pottery kilns were revealed by topsoil stripping of an area c100m x 10m, prior to the laying of a water and gas pipeline in May 1983. All the kilns date to the 2nd century, and most probably to the second half of the century, though work on the pottery has not yet commenced. 3rd-4th century pottery found on the site is probably derived from later kilns nearby. Kilns producing coarsewares and mortaria with associated features.
Romano The site of five Roman pottery kilns which have been Pottery kiln, ditch, Romano- MWA4233 British Pottery excavated. The location is to the west of Hartshill kiln British Kilns Wharf.
Site of Roman Quarrying work in the late 19th century uncovered Romano- MWA2789 Pottery Kilns at Pottery kiln, kiln Roman pottery kilns. Their exact location is now not British Grange Road known.
Documentary evidence from the 18th century Romano- suggests that this is the possible site of a pottery kiln MWA6097 Roman kiln Pottery kiln?, kiln? British of Roman date. The site is located in the area of Hartshill.
Site of Roman The site of several Roman pottery kilns used for the Pottery Kilns Romano- manufacture of pottery, and possibly specialising in MWA302 400m SW of Pottery kiln, kiln British mortaria. They are situated 600m east of Snow Hill White House, Recreation Ground. Hartshill.
Findspot - several finds of Roman date were found in the northern area of Hartshill Hayes Country Park. Findspot - Romano- MWA248 Findspot <3> This may be a reference to the general finds in Roman finds British the vicinity of Hartshill, rather than a specific Roman site.
Findspot - pottery sherds of Roman date were found Findspot - in a garden on the north side of Camp Hill Road. Roman pottery Romano- MWA250 Findspot Roman pottery found in 1948 (said to be mortaria and sherds from British jars). Information from local inhabitant when visiting Hartshill. Oldbury excavations, June 1949.
MWA6001 Saxon Burial Findspot, burial Migration The site of an Anglo Saxon burial dating to the found during Migration period. Several finds associated with the
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID Excavation of burial were recovered. The burial was situated 100m BA Barrow south east of Oldbury Camp.
Hartshill The probable extent of the medieval settlement at MWA9517 Medieval Settlement Medieval Hartshill, based on the Ordnance Survey map of Settlement 1888.
MWA240 Hartshill The remains of Hartshill Castle, which was originally SM1011197 Castle, Phase Castle, enclosure Medieval built during the Medieval period. It is situated on the II east side of Hartshill Hayes Country Park. LB1034748
The remains of a motte and bailey castle, which was Hartshill the predecessor of the later Medieval Hartshill Castle. MWA241 Motte and bailey Medieval Castle, Phase I The motte is still visible as an earthwork and is situated to the east of Hartshill Hayes Country Park.
The remains of a Medieval chapel which was Hartshill Castle associated with Hartshill Castle. Only two walls of the MWA242 Chapel Medieval Chapel chapel remain and they are situated to the east of Hartshill Hayes Country Park.
Earthworks to Medieval Ponds of Medieval or Post Medieval date which are MWA249 E of Hartshill Pond to Post- visible as earthworks. They are situated 50m east of Castle medieval Hartshill Castle.
Several boundary banks, possible of Medieval date, Woodbanks at MWA8245 Boundary bank Medieval survive as earthworks and are situated in Hartshill Hartshill Hayes Hayes Country Park.
Findspot - Medieval pottery was found 200m west of Grange MWA247 Medieval Findspot Medieval Farm as well as evidence for iron smelting. Casual pottery find of Medieval pottery & iron smelting (Stray Find).
Findspot - Post Post- Findspot - sherds of pottery dating from the Post Medieval & medieval MWA8210 Findspot Medieval period were found in Mancetter Road, Imperial to Nuneaton. pottery sherds Imperial
Hartshill Post- Grange medieval MWA12550 Garden Garden with gazebo, barns, stables. garden, to Mancetter Modern
Post- Hartshill Castle medieval Earthwork remains of castle; late C16th house with MWA12549 garden, Garden to garden. Hartshill Modern
Post Medieval A timber framed house which was built during the Timber framed Post- MWA239 House within Post Medieval period. It is situated on the east side of house, house medieval Hartshill Castle Hartshill Hayes Country Park.
The site of a house dating from the Post Medieval Site of Post Post- MWA243 House period which was known as 'The Chapel'. It was Medieval medieval House at situated at the village green, Hartshill.
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID Village Green
Congregational Post- Chapel, Chapel, A Congregational chapel which was built during the medieval MWA2447 Coleshill Road, congregational Imperial period. It is situated on Coleshill Road, to Chapel End, chapel, manse Chapel End. Imperial Hartshill
Friends' Post- A Society of Friends' Meeting House, which was Meeting Friends meeting medieval originally built in the Post Medieval period. It was later MWA2448 House, house to converted into a house. It is situated at Hartshill Hartshill Green Modern Green.
Wesleyan A Wesleyan Chapel which was built during the Chapel, Chapel, wesleyan MWA2449 Imperial Imperial period. It is situated in Grange Road, Grange Road, methodist chapel Hartshill. Dated 1836. Hartshill
Holy Trinity Holy Trinity Church which dates to the Imperial MWA245 Church, Church Imperial period. It is situated 200m south of Charity Farm, Hartshill Hartshill.
Imperial House and grounds constructed in the 18th century MWA10190 Camp Hill Hall House to and demolished in 1939. The site lies in Camp Hill Modern close to the present day church.
Camp Hill Imperial Villa pleasure grounds with lake, drive, walks, kitchen MWA12592 garden, Garden to garden. Demolished 1939. Nuneaton Modern
Chapel End Methodist Nonconformist Chapel End Methodist Church, built in 1887. The MWA9698 Imperial Church, church chapel is located at Chapel End, Nuneaton. Nuneaton
Site of Smithy Blacksmiths The site of a blacksmiths workshop dating from the MWA5895 Imperial in Chapel End workshop Imperial period. It was situated in Chapel End.
Site of Smithy The site of a blacksmiths workshop where metal was Blacksmiths MWA5901 in Hartshill Imperial worked. It dates to the Imperial period and was workshop Green situated 1km north west of Hartshill Quarries.
Site of Smithy The site of a blacksmiths workshop dating to the Blacksmiths MWA5898 on Coleshill Imperial Imperial period. It was situated on Coleshill Road, workshop Road Hartshill.
Tuttle Hill Tuttle Hill Windmill, a tower mill which was built during Windmill, Windmill, tower mill, MWA1885 Imperial the Imperial period. It is situated 300m north of Tuttle Nuneaton and mill Hill Industrial Estate. Bedworth
The site of a pound, where livestock was penned. It Site of Pound MWA5900 Pound Imperial dates to the Imperial period and was situated 50m in Hartshill north of Charity Farm, Hartshill.
MWA5713 Site of Hospital Imperial The site of an isolation hospital dating from the
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID Isolation Imperial period. It was situated west of Windmill Hospital at Road, Camp Hill. Camp Hill
Hartshill Imperial Formal grid plan, some planting of trees and MWA12548 Cemetery, Cemetery to rhododendrons. Hartshill Modern
The Coventry The Coventry Canal, a waterway for transporting MWA4373 Canal Imperial Canal goods, was built during the Imperial period.
The Wharves at Hartshill. Four canal wharfs, where The Wharves vessels would have loaded and unloaded goods, MWA4383 Canal, canal wharf Imperial at Hartshill were in use during the Imperial period. They are situated 500m north of Hartshill Quarries.
Boon's Canal Wharf, where vessels would have Boon's Wharf loaded and unloaded goods. It was in use during the MWA4382 to N of Tuttle Canal, canal wharf Imperial Imperial period and was situated 400m east of Hill, Nuneaton Windmill Hill Quarry.
Site of A pumphouse dating from the Imperial period which MWA5883 Pumphouse W Pump house Imperial was situated 300m north west of Ansley Common. of Hartshill
Down Flow A down flow filter, probably for domestic water Imperial Filter, Hartshill filtration. It dates to the late 19th or early 20th century MWA13448 Filter house to Hayes Country and is located along the eastern boundary of Hartshill Modern Park Hayes Country Park.
Site of The site of a reservoir which was in use during the Reservoir on MWA5894 Reservoir Imperial Imperial period. It was situated on Nuneaton Nuneaton Common. Common
Site of Signal The site of a railway signal box that was in use during MWA5833 Box at Hartshill Signal box, railway Imperial the Imperial period. It was situated 200m south east Sidings of Grange Road, Hartshill.
Site of Mineral Imperial The site of a mineral railway which was constructed MWA3181 Railway at Mineral railway to during the Imperial period. It was marked on the Moor Wood Modern Ordnance Survey map of 1913.
Site of The site of a tramway which was in use during the Tramway S of MWA5830 Tramway Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 50m south of Cherrytree Cherrytree Farm. Farm
Site of The site of a tramway at Hartshill Quarries. It was in Tramway at MWA5718 Tramway Imperial use during the Imperial period and was situated 800m Hartshill north west of White House. Quarries
Site of The site of a tramway at Hartshill Quarries which was MWA5719 Tramway at Tramway Imperial in use during the Imperial period. It was situated 1km Hartshill north west of White House.
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID Quarries
Site of The site of a tramway at Tuttle Hill Quarries, 700m Tramway at MWA5735 Tramway Imperial north west of Camp Hill. It was in use during the Tuttle Hill Imperial period. Quarries
Site of The site of a tramway at Windmill Hill Quarry which Tramway at MWA5737 Tramway Imperial was in use during the Imperial period. It was situated Windmill Hill 800m north of Camp Hill. Quarry
Site of The site of a tramway which was in use during the Tramway on MWA5891 Tramway Imperial Imperial period. It was situated on Nuneaton Nuneaton Common. Common
The site of Hartshill Quarries which were in use during Site of Hartshill MWA5717 Quarry Imperial the Imperial period. They were situated 1km north of Quarries White House.
The site of Hartshill Quarries which date from the Site of Hartshill MWA5740 Quarry Imperial Imperial period. They were situated 800m north west Quarries of White House.
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry dating from the Imperial period. It MWA5902 NE of Hartshill Quarry Imperial was situated 1km north west of Hartshill Quarries. Green
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5903 NE of Hartshill Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 1km north west of Green Hartshill Quarries.
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5884 at Moor Wood Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 500m south of (SE) Hartshill Hayes Country Park.
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5885 at Moor Wood Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 500m south west of (NW) Hartshill Hayes Country Park.
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5886 NE of Moor Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 300m south west of Wood Hartshill Hayes Country Park.
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5714 NW of Camp Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 700m north west of Hill Snow Hill.
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5715 NW of Camp Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 400m south west of Hill White House.
The site of a quarry which was in use during the Site of Quarry MWA5716 Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 400m south west of N of Camp Hill White House.
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5711 NW of Camp Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 400m west of Windmill Hill Farm Hill Quarry.
Site of The site of Windmill Hill Quarry which dates from the Windmill Hill MWA5736 Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 800m north of Camp Quarry N of Hill. Camp Hill
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5741 N of Windmill Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 100m north of Hill Quarry Windmill Hill Quarry.
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry dating from the Imperial period. It MWA5712 on Caldecote Quarry Imperial was situated on Caldecote Hill. Hill
Site of Quarry The site of a quarry which was in use during the MWA5831 on Atherstone Quarry Imperial Imperial period. It was situated 200m south east of Road Cherrytree Farm.
Site of Tuttle The site of Tuttle Hill Quarries (NW) which were in MWA5734 Hill Quarries Quarry Imperial use during the Imperial period. They were situated (NW) 800m north of Camp Hill.
Site of Stockingford The site of Stockingford Colliery which was used MWA5893 Colliery on Mine, colliery Imperial during the Imperial period for mining coal. It was Nuneaton situated on Nuneaton Common. Common
Site of Lime The site of several lime kilns which date from the Kilns N of Imperial period, and were marked on the Ordnance MWA5720 Lime kiln, kiln Imperial Hartshill Survey map of 1887. They were situated 800m north Quarries of Hartshill Quarries.
Hartshill Green The site of Hartshill Green manganese mine dating MWA8212 manganese Manganese mine Imperial from the Post Medieval period. It was situated east workings side of Hartshill Hayes Country Park.
Site of modern The site of quarry pits used for extracting diorite MWA8246 diorite pits, Quarry Imperial during the Imperial period for use in road construction. Hartshill Hayes They are situated 600m south east of Oldbury Camp.
Site of Brick The site of brick and tile works, where bricks and tiles and Tile works Brickworks, tile were manufactured, dating from the Imperial period. It MWA5890 Imperial N of works was situated 1km west of Camp Hill, and was marked Whittleford on the Ordnance Survey map of 1887.
Site of Brick The site of brick and tile works, where bricks and tiles and Tile Works Brickworks, tile were manufactured during the Imperial period. It was MWA5892 Imperial on Nuneaton works situated on Nuneaton Common, and was marked on Common the Ordnance Survey map of 1887.
Site of Brick The site of a brick and tile works, where bricks and MWA5899 Brickworks, tile Imperial and Tile Works tiles were manufactured during the Imperial period. It APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.2 – GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND OTHER RECORDED ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT (1KM STUDY AREA, FIGURE 2)
Monument Name Monument type Period Summary UID at Moor Wood works was situated at Moor Wood, Hartshill, and was marked on the Ordnance Survey map of 1913.
The Drayton Memorial, a commemorative monument Drayton Commemorative to the poet Michael Drayton (1563-1631) which was MWA244 Modern Memorial monument erected in 1972. It is situated on Castle Road, Hartshill.
Hill House Modern garden, MWA12602 Garden to Villa with formal terraced garden. Caldecote, Unknown Nuneaton
Terrace A double terrace surviving as an earthwork of MWA8247 feature at Terrace Undated unknown date is situated in Hartshill Hayes Country Hartshill Hayes Park.
Cropmark Linear Feature A linear feature of unknown date and function. It is MWA6120 500m SE of Linear feature Undated visible as a crop mark and is situated 300m east of Woodford the sewage works at Hartshill. Lodge
Undated enclosure, The site of an enclosure of unknown date. It was MWA1686 Camp Hill, Enclosure Undated situated 100m south of Cedar Road, Camp Hill. Nuneaton and Bedworth
Crop Mark A subrectangular double-ditched enclosure of Enclosure unknown date. It is visible as a cropmark on aerial MWA297 Enclosure Undated 300m E of photographs and is situated 200m north west of White House Spring Wood.
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type
Scheduled 1010198 Bowl barrow at Fenny Drayton - 435607.7 297250 Monument
Scheduled 1018855 Oldbury Camp univallate hillfort - 431351 294720.9 Monument
Manduessedum Roman villa and settlement with Scheduled 1017585 - 432636.2 296706.9 associated industrial complex Monument
Scheduled 1005736 Roman camp - 432117.4 296708.7 Monument
The Benedictine priory and precinct of St Mary, Scheduled 1011033 - 435570.9 292039.1 Nuneaton Monument
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type
Merevale Abbey, a Cistercian monastery, Scheduled 1014682 associated water control features and industrial - 429269.3 297788.2 Monument remains
Scheduled 1005075 Remains of chapel in Lindley Park - 436463.1 295805.5 Monument
Scheduled 1010480 Moat and fishponds at Ratcliffe Culey - 432749.3 299415.2 Monument
Astley Castle moated site, fishponds, garden Scheduled 1011194 - 431149.4 289533.6 remains and Astley College Monument
1184853 Church of St Mary the Virgin I 431103.5 289429.8 Listed building
1188486 Church of St Peter I 432516 297339.4 Listed building
1299514 Church of St Nicholas I 436557.9 291653.2 Listed building
1365174 Church of Our Lady I 429048.1 297724.7 Listed building
1185222 Arbury Hall I 433529.2 289275.3 Listed building
Stables at Arbury Hall and attached wall and 1299708 I 433465.1 289328.5 Listed building gate pier to left
1034744 Church of St Theobald and Saint Chad II* 434872 295124.4 Listed building
1034773 Church of St Wilfred II* 428321 290618.4 Listed building
1188508 Church of All Saints II* 432676 299416.4 Listed building
1365141 Church of St Lawrence II* 429013 292637.4 Listed building
1365164 Church of St Mary II* 430844.2 297969 Listed building
1361313 Church of St Michael II* 435038 297113.4 Listed building
1178178 Church of St Peter II* 438267 295560.4 Listed building
1365144 Astley Castle II* 431162.3 289485.2 Listed building
1034777 Stable block at Astley Castle II* 431147 289392.4 Listed building
1034972 South Farmhouse II* 433670 288526.4 Listed building
1034973 North Lodge, Arbury Hall II* 433385 290976.4 Listed building
1365048 Park Farmhouse II* 433033 289804.4 Listed building
1299615 The Tea House at SP3395 8956 II* 433946 289553.4 Listed building
1185175 Beech House and attached railings II* 430851.5 297895.9 Listed building
1299654 Merevale Hall II* 429536 297350.4 Listed building
1185536 Stable Block and attached forecourt walls, II* 429533 297289.4 Listed building
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type gatepiers and gates at Merevale Hall
1034727 Midland Bank II 430937.6 297777.7 Listed building
1034728 120, Long Street II 430965.9 297763.6 Listed building
1034729 45 And 47, Long Street II 430659 297885.4 Listed building
1034731 Dee Boutique The Three Tuns Public House II 430791.7 297816.3 Listed building
1034732 111, Long Street II 430860.2 297785.1 Listed building
1034733 131, Long Street II 430928 297757.5 Listed building
1034734 The Conservative Club II 431013.9 297713.9 Listed building
1034735 Hilton House and attached railings* II 31273.42 297588.6 Listed building
1034737 The Mews II 431053.2 297802.8 Listed building
Former Railway Station building at Atherstone 1034738 II 430451 297941.4 Listed building Station
1034753 Gramer's Almhouses II 432042.3 296658.6 Listed building
Left forecourt wall, gatepier and garden pavilion 1034754 II 432057 296613.5 Listed building at Mancetter Manor
1034755 Witherley Lodge II 432583 297006.4 Listed building
Railings to right approximately 7 metres south 1034756 II 432578 296991.4 Listed building west of Number 12 (Witherley Lodge)
Barn approximately 30 metres north west of 1034758 II 429165.3 297805.4 Listed building Abbey Farmhouse
The Gate House Lodge and attached walls and 1034759 II 429013 297745.4 Listed building Coach House
Flight of steps approximately 10 metres south 1034761 II 429604 297353.4 Listed building east of south east terrace at Merevale Hall
Ornamental pool kerb and basin approximately 1034762 40 metres south east of south east terrace at II 429626 297345.4 Listed building Merevale Hall
1034764 Rose Cottages II 429280 297164.4 Listed building
Former Crossing Keeper's Cottage at SP 1034765 II 431801 296417.5 Listed building 317965
1034769 Hood Lane Farmhouse II 428986 291607.4 Listed building
1034770 Red House Farmhouse II 428084 292680.4 Listed building
1034771 Barn at Ansley Hall II 430421 293429.4 Listed building
1034772 Churchyard Cross Base approximately 11 II 429034 292626.4 Listed building APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type metres south south east of chancel of Church Of St Lawrence
1034778 The New Swan Inn II 430791 297866.6 Listed building
1034779 14, Church Street II 430795.64 297911.8 Listed building
1034780 The Old Vicarage II 431456 297303.4 Listed building
1034781 16, Coleshill Road II 430739.9 297681.4 Listed building
Coventry Canal, Atherstone Top Lock and basin 1034782 II 430567.5 297539 Listed building below to north west
1034783 Chapel House and attached walls II 430897.4 297947.7 Listed building
1034784 Friars Gate II 430863.4 297917.3 Listed building
1034785 74, Long Street II 430754.3 297863.3 Listed building
1034786 94, Long Street II 430845.5 297817.4 Listed building
1034949 The Old Vicarage II 436570 291691.4 Listed building
1034951 Chilvers C0ton Free School II 436361 290797.4 Listed building
1034970 Bridge at SP 3428 8875 II 434272 288740.2 Listed building
1034975 Church of The Holy Trinity II 437000 290861.4 Listed building
1034977 Church of All Saints II 436342 290752.4 Listed building
Chest tomb approximately 30 metres south of 1034978 south west corner of south aisle of Church Of All II 436340 290707.4 Listed building Saints
1034980 Church of St Paul II 433349 291403.4 Listed building
Chest tomb approximately 20 metres south east 1034981 II 436567 291630.4 Listed building of south door of Church Of St Nicholas
1034982 61, Coton Road II 436226 291187.4 Listed building
1034984 Griff Clara, Arbury Park Griff Lodges right lodge II 434946 288694.4 Listed building
1035004 Single Tower Farmhouse and attached walls II 432617 291063.4 Listed building
1035006 Gatehouse west of stables at Arbury Hall II 433378.5 289326 Listed building
Garden feature approximately 10 metres north 1035007 II 433501 289283.7 Listed building west of porte cochere of Arbury Hall
Term approximately 18 metres west north west 1035008 II 433497 289287.4 Listed building of porte cochere of Arbury Hall
Ice House approximately 50 metres east of 1035009 II 433620.3 289265.5 Listed building Arbury Hall
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type
1035010 Bath House beside North Drive At SP 3341 9046 II 433410 290460.4 Listed building
1074257 68, Main Street II 438155 295453.4 Listed building
1074184 Lodge Farmhouse And attached stable and barn II 435844 298264.4 Listed building
1074186 The Firs II 435036 297023.4 Listed building
1074189 Hill Farmhouse II 435853 297751.4 Listed building
1074190 Hall Farmhouse II 435117 298255.4 Listed building
1116393 The Old Grammar School II 436536 291679.4 Listed building
1178201 Methodist Church II 438146 295450.4 Listed building
1178220 Elms Farmhouse II 438170 295456.4 Listed building
1185074 113,115 And 117, Long Street II 430873.1 297777.8 Listed building
1185154 213, Long Street II 431265.6 297592.2 Listed building
1185192 6,8,10,10a and 12, Market Street II 430811.1 297864 Listed building
1185205 Grendon Lodge II 430494 298014.4 Listed building
1185238 5 And 7, Witherley Road II 431369.5 297529.8 Listed building
Screen wall, and attached garden feature and 1185306 II 433471 289242.4 Listed building wall adjoining gatehouse west of Arbury Hall
Group of two chest tombs approximately 5 1185309 metres north of organ chamber of Church of St II 434870 295134.4 Listed building Theobald and St Chad
Garden wall approximately 100 metres west of 1185318 II 433392.3 289289.1 Listed building Coach House at Arbury Hall
Garden feature attached to east side of stable 1185351 II 433493.4 289305 Listed building yard east wall at Arbury Hall
2 Chest tombs approximately 2 metres south of 1185409 II 432059 296692.4 Listed building south east corner of Church of St Peter
1185415 Mancetter Manor and attached gatepier II 432032 296623.4 Listed building
Right forecourt wall, gatepier and garden 1185429 pavilion at right forecourt wall, gatepier and II 432054.1 296648.3 Listed building garden pavilion at Mancetter Manor
Railings to left approximately 7 metres south 1185449 II 432566 296997.4 Listed building west of Number 12 (Witherley Lodge)
Remains of Merevale Abbey fragment of church 1185467 south aisle wall approximately 30 metres north II 429193 297806.1 Listed building west of remains of refectory
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type
1185498 The Gate House II 429005.1 297700.2 Listed building
Group of four garden vases approximately 39 1185525 metres south east of south east terrace at II 429634 297351.4 Listed building Merevale Hall
Term approximately 15 metres west noth west of 1185577 II 433499 289284.4 Listed building porte cochere of Arbury Hall
Term approximately 15 metres north west of 1185585 II 433505 289291.4 Listed building porte cochere of Arbury Hall
1184805 Duke of Suffolks' Monument at SP 3061 8909 II 430615.1 289085.3 Listed building
Bridge and remains of gatehouse and curtain 1184837 II 431173.7 289455.5 Listed building walls at Astley Castle
1185771 Church of St James II 435961 293571.4 Listed building
1184886 10, Church Street II 430786 297889.4 Listed building
1184912 Britannia Works II 430628.4 297433.4 Listed building
1184966 22 and 22a, Coleshill Road II 430732.5 297667.9 Listed building
1185004 76, Long Street II 430758.6 297861.9 Listed building
1185007 Bank House II 430856.1 297813.8 Listed building
1188518 George Fox Monument II 434999 296766.4 Listed building
Coventry Canal Atherstone Lock Number 5 at 1251766 II 430304 298042.4 Listed building SP302 980
Milestone between bridges 34 and 35 at SP 1251841 II 431971.9 295718.7 Listed building 3197 9572 Coventry Canal
Bridge 37 Rawnhill bridge at SP 3120 9692 1251842 II 431200.4 296915.5 Listed building Coventry Canal
1253688 St Mary's Vicarage II 435545 292069.4 Listed building
1253712 Griff Lodge Farmhouse II 435118 288698.4 Listed building
1261649 350 and 352, Abury Road II 433424 290967.4 Listed building
1261658 Robinson's End Farmhouse II 431584 290960.4 Listed building
Cottage with attached lobby, walled yards and 1262618 wash house at Atherstone Lock Number 5 II 430314 298041.4 Listed building Coventry Canal
1294701 Mythe Lane Cottage II 432651 297677.4 Listed building
1299422 King Edward the Sixth College II 436646.9 291616.7 Listed building
1299487 Griff Cottage and disused cottage adjoining to II 435858 288683.4 Listed building
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type left
Bridge in garden approximately 200 metres north 1299611 II 433499 289466.4 Listed building of Arbury Hall
Merevale Lodges and attached walls, gatepiers 1299627 II 430133.8 298119.8 Listed building and gates
Flight of steps approximately 5 metres south 1299659 II 429591 297358.4 Listed building east of south east terrace at Merevale Hall
1299679 Witherley House II 432462 297062.4 Listed building
1299788 K6 Telephone Kiosk II 430824.6 297885.2 Listed building
1299802 133, Long Street II 430938.2 297752.5 Listed building
1299808 The Old Swan Inn II 431110.3 297666.3 Listed building
Old Bank House, attached railings, and attached 1299832 II 430910.4 297764 Listed building coach house and stable block
1299864 68 Coleshill Road II 430656.6 297555.6 Listed building
1299875 Grendon House II 430537 297959.4 Listed building
1299939 Curds and Whey II 430772.9 297863.9 Listed building
1365022 Coach House and attached walls at Arbury Hall II 433436.9 289289.7 Listed building
Gatepiers and gates approximately 15 metres 1365025 south of north east corner of kithchen garden ar II 433485 289434.4 Listed building Arbury Hall
1365051 Griff Clara, Arbury Park Griff Lodges Left lodge II 434946 288684.4 Listed building
Chest Tomb approximately 1 metre east of porch 1365142 II 428322 290613.4 Listed building of Church of St Wilfred
1365147 Trinity Church II 430760.5 297645.1 Listed building
28, Coleshill Road (see details for further 1365148 II 430728.6 297657.8 Listed building address information)
1365157 67, Long Street II 430715.6 297859.7 Listed building
Milestone attached to front wall of the Red Lion 1365158 II 430820.9 297807.6 Listed building Hotel (not included)
Colville House and attached gatepiers, gate and 1365160 II 431260.3 297594.9 Listed building railings
1365161 Atherstone Ex-Seviceman's Club II 430835.6 297872 Listed building
1365162 Tudor Solarium II 430844.5 297887.9 Listed building
1365163 14 and 18, Market Street II 430818 297882.4 Listed building
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type
Gatepier and wall approximately 2 metres north 1365170 II 432032 296639.4 Listed building of Mancetter Manor
Flight of steps approximately 2 metres east of 1365171 II 432060.8 296639 Listed building forecourt gates of Mancetter Manor
1365172 Arbour Cottages II 432014.3 297244.2 Listed building
Terraces, steps and parterre kerbs at Merevale 1365175 II 429562 297400.4 Listed building Hall
1365193 Post Office II 430867 297809.3 Listed building
1365194 108, Long Street II 430903.5 297791.9 Listed building
Part of Atherstone Upper School and attached 1365195 II 431269.4 297614.6 Listed building railings
1361311 60, Main Street II 438130 295438.4 Listed building
1361314 The Blue Lion Inn II 432552 297417.4 Listed building
Memorial approximately 10 metres south of 1361315 II 432506 297325.4 Listed building tower of church of St Peter
1380208 39, Newdegate Street II 436276 291836.4 Listed building
1393733 Ansley war memorial II 429244 292614.4 Listed building
1392744 Ritz Cinema II 435955.6 291999.5 Listed building
1389490 Church of St Peter II 431767.6 292154.7 Listed building
Ruins of Chapel of the Holy Trinity at SP 2754 1034743 II 427540 294530.4 Listed building 9453
Stable approximately 35 metres north of Abbey 1034757 II 429181.7 297810 Listed building Farmhouse
Retaining wall forming part of dam of Merevale 1034763 II 430088 297170.4 Listed building Lake*
1034971 Arbury Mill II 434408 288555.4 Listed building
Lamp Post approximately 8 metres north west of 1034976 II 436980 290859.4 Listed building west door of Church of the Holy Trinity
1034983 The Griff House Hotel II 435828.4 288851.7 Listed building
1185412 Manor Farmhouse II 432018.5 296577.6 Listed building
1185459 The Old House II 432673 296959.4 Listed building
1262594 Pound at south end of common II 428435 295998.4 Listed building
1253714 Midland Bank II 436260 291870.4 Listed building
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type
1299873 St Mary's House II 430893 297931.4 Listed building
1299697 Gramer Cottages II 432094.2 296702.5 Listed building
Walls, gatepiers and gates, between Arbury Hall 1365023 II 433494 289293.4 Listed building and stable block
1365140 Ansley Hall II 430444 293415.4 Listed building
1365145 Astley Lodge II 431419 289336.4 Listed building
Independent chapel and attached Sunday 1185199 II 431033.2 297843.7 Listed building School
Chest Tomb approximately 5 metres north of 1185479 II 429040 297740.4 Listed building nave of Church of Our Lady
1034726 Trent House II 430887.3 297800.3 Listed building
2 chest tombs approximately 15 metres south of 1034752 II 432048 296660.4 Listed building porch of Church of St Peter
1365146 2-8, Church Street II 430777.2 297872.8 Listed building
1365173 Remains of Merevale Abbey II 429227 297783.4 Listed building
1034730 69, Long Street II 430722.1 297856.7 Listed building
Chest Tomb approximately 1.5 metres south of 1034745 II 434882 295124.4 Listed building chancel of Church of St Theobald and St Chad
1034985 Church of St Mary (including ruined walls) II 435588 292095.4 Listed building
31, Bridge Street (see details for further address 1365053 II 436278 291805.4 Listed building information)
1185293 Bakehouse Cottages II 428545 296040.4 Listed building
1185462 Beehive Cottage II 429698 296581.4 Listed building
1185474 Abbey Farmhouse II 429196 297761.4 Listed building
1185637 Temple House II 432778 289731.4 Listed building
1185747 Number 6 and attached building to rear II 435805 290790.4 Listed building
1184898 Pheonix House II 430801 297918.2 Listed building
1299790 11 and 13, Market Street II 430840.1 297879.4 Listed building
1034736 The Cricketers Arms Public House II 430857.5 297904 Listed building
Coach House approximately 4 metres north west 1034760 II 428992.5 297719.6 Listed building of the Gate House
Gatehouse and attached kitchen courtyard walls 1035005 II 433494.8 289253.6 Listed building at Arbury Hall
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.3 – DESIGNATED ASSETS WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Easting Northing Type
1178169 Higham Hall II 438412 295361.4 Listed building
1185066 107 and 109, Long Street II 430852.8 297788 Listed building
1184993 Coventry Canal, Atherstone Lock Number 2 II 430486 297608.4 Listed building
Term approximately 13 metres north west of 1365024 II 433501 289285.4 Listed building porte cochere of Arbury Hall
1365159 The White Horse Public House II 430898.2 297768.6 Listed building
1299392 Barclay's Bank II 436233 291765.4 Listed building
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 1.4 – REGISTERED PARKS AND GARDENS AND REGISTERED BATTLEFIELD WITHIN 5KM OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (FIGURE 4)
Reference Name Grade Type
1000004 Battle of Bosworth (Field) 1485 - Registered Battlefields
1001190 Merevale Hall II* Registered Parks and Gardens
1001185 Arbury Hall II* Registered Parks and Gardens
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Appendix 2
Portable Antiquities Scheme Data
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 2.1 – PORTABLE ANTIQUITIES SCHEME DATA
Record ID Object type Broad period Description Image
A complete struck / hammered gold Gallo-Belgic E unifaced stater of Late Iron Age dating (59 BC to 51 BC). This type of stater is also known as the Gallic War/uniface WMID- COIN IRON AGE stater. Struck by the Ambiani, almost certainly during the Gallic War between 59 BC 9AE904 and 51 BC. Cf. Van Arsdell 52-1. Diameter: 18.40 mm Thickness: 2.27 mm Weight: 6.3 g
Roman copper alloy Polden Hill variant brooch, 44mm long, 27mm wide and 10mm thick. The brooch is in fair condition with a green patina and weighs 7.81 grams. The brooch has open semi-circular sectioned wings with pierced end plates. The spring is LEIC- missing but the chord remains, attached to the top of the bow with an integral loop. The BROOCH ROMAN 7E0D35 wings are decorated with a vertical incised line near each end. The bow is sub circular in section and sits slightly proud of the wings. It is decorated with two incised lines running from either side of the upper loop, these presumably merge at some point on the bow. The catchplate is missing but would have been 18mm long.
LEIC- COIN ROMAN Late Roman silver denarius of Severus Alexander (RIC 274). C6F375
A complete but heavily worn, milled silver sixpence of William III (AD 1694 to AD 1702). WMID- POST COIN Mint uncertain but minted between AD 1694 and AD 1702. The coin has almost been 9AA2D2 MEDIEVAL polished smooth. Diameter: 25.06 mm Thickness: 1.12 mm Weight: 5.0 g
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 2.1 – PORTABLE ANTIQUITIES SCHEME DATA
Record ID Object type Broad period Description Image
A complete circular, probably wrought iron disk, of uncertain dating, but probably Post Medieval to Modern (AD 1700 to AD 1900). The iron disk is circular in plan, and rectangular in section. No decoration is present on either surface. It has a diameter of WMID- UNIDENTIFIED POST 21.10 mm and is 4.26 mm thick. It weighs 3.4 g. Both surfaces of the disk are covered 9A5F36 OBJECT MEDIEVAL with a layer of a corrosion product (iron oxide commonly known as rust). Due to the corrosion product, it is hard to determine what the original function of this artefact was. It was possibly a coin or token
A complete sub spherical lead alloy ball, probably a musket ball, of Post Medieval dating (17th Century AD onwards). The lead shot is sub spherical in nature, displaying a couple of nicks and a small ridge, probably the remnants of the casting process. One WMID- POST MUSKET BALL surface has been flattened. It is a light to dark grey colour with an uneven surface 9A4161 MEDIEVAL patina. It has a diameter of 15.50 mm, is 14.15 mm tall and weighs 18.4 grams. Shot of this type and weight are normally attributed to use with muskets, and of 17th Century dating onwards.
Two incomplete probable fragments of human bone, of uncertain dating, but probably between Late Iron Age to Post Medieval (200 BC to AD 1700). Both fragments come from an adult individual. One fragment consists of the midshaft of an upper arm bone, probably the radius. Natural breaks are present at both ends. It measures 73.74 mm in length, 14.13 mm wide and 13.91 mm thick. It weighs 10.9 g. The other fragment consists of part of the pelvis (probably the pubis bone, located at UNCERTAIN the front and top of the pelvis). A natural break is present at one end, however the other WMID- (IRON AGE TO HUMAN REMAINS end exhibits cut marks, suggesting it has been cut off. It measures 45.97 mm in length, 9A2E01 POST 22.09 mm wide and 18.19 mm thick. It weighs 10.2 g. MEDIEVAL) Both fragments of bone are heavily weathered, suggesting that they have been present in the topsoil for a significant period of time. This degree of weathering has led to them being identified as probably human. The close proximity of the findspot to an active cemetery would indicate that the probability that these fragments originated from there or from the Medieval church located nearby is quite strong. There is no reason to believe that these bones are less than 300 years old.
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
TABLE 2.1 – PORTABLE ANTIQUITIES SCHEME DATA
Record ID Object type Broad period Description Image
Three irregular fragments of iron bloomery waste (slag) or fuel ash, of Iron Age to Late Medieval dating (800 BC to AD 1600). UNCERTAIN All three fragments are light for their size, which would suggest that minimal iron metal WMID- (IRON AGE TO is present within the matrix. All have a honeycomb structure, formed of solidified air SLAG 99F6B4 POST bubbles. MEDIEVAL) The process of smelting iron ore to produce iron has not changed much from the Iron
Age to the Medieval period, so these pieces of slag could date from any time between the Iron Age (800 BC) to the Medieval Period (1500 AD).
A complete but heavily worn, struck / hammered copper alloy coin, of uncertain dating (AD 200 to AD 1650). The coin is heavily worn, but it is possible to determine a crowned head facing left with pointy beard on the obverse and a possible standing WMID- COIN UNKNOWN figure on the reverse. The bust on the obverse is similar to that of Charles I of England 9A8893 (AD 1625 to AD 1649) but the size of the copper alloy coin and reverse is not consistent with the range of coins known from that period. The other possibility is that this coin is a heavily worn radiate of uncertain Emperor, but of Roman dating
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Appendix 3
Hartshill and Nuneaton Romano-British Kilns
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery
HARTSHILL (1): Gee's Quarry
JRS 51 (1961) 173, structure 195; ibid. 52 (1962) no details known; unknown; 168; WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 10 interior not excavated stokehole only stokehole only 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; excavated excavated Archaeom 5 (1962) 22-4
mortaria of flanged and F6: roughly collared varieties, excl. circular, clay- kiln probably raised oven-floor hammer-heads but JRS 51 (1961) 173; lined; kiln (c): 2 parallel, flue of clay belongs to same destroyed incl. earliest types to provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4; Kiln 31 structure showed rectangular, clay incorporating general type as (probably solid- be produced regularly c. 180-240 Archaeom 5 (1962) evidence of both pedestals (traces only) much stone Hartley 1973, 146, clay vent-holed) without stamps; 22-4 oxidizing and fig. 1, Kiln E possibly a few reduced reducing firings wide-mouthed jars
(c): central, roughly JRS 51 (1961) 173; circular, clay pedestal; integral solid-clay ibid. 52 (1962) 168; (q): solid-clay platform vent-holed floor kiln back-filled with coarse wares incl. provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; F6: roughly oval, (0.15 m high) across arranged in bar- mortaria from wide-mouthed jars and Kiln 15 late 2-early ibid. 4, 1961, 5; clay-lined back of furnace- like formation another kiln dating storage-jars, but 3 Archaeom 5 (1962) chamber (?for direct (only in front half to first half of 3 probably not mortaria 22; Hartley 1973, 147, stacking of vessels) of oven) fig. 2, Kiln F
integral thick solid- JRS 51 (1961) 173, provisionally F6: roughly oval, (c): central, roughly clay vent-holed Kiln 2a probably pre- wide mouthed jars and 195; ibid. 52 (1962) Kiln 2a 3 (probably clay-lined circular, clay pedestal floor arranged in dated Kiln 2 bowls 168; WMANS 3, 1960, first half) bar-like formation 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; Archaeom 5 (1962) APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery 22-4
raised oven-floor JRS 51 (1961) 173; (c): central, roughly earlier kiln (mostly mortaria only, incl. F6: roughly oval, destroyed provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4; Kiln 23 pear-shaped, clay destroyed) hammer-head, flanged clay-lined (probably solid- c. 250-320 Archaeom 5 (1962) pedestal underlying Kiln 23 and collared varieties clay vent-holed) 22-4
(a)/(c): 3 small JRS 51 (1961) 173; wide-mouthed jars, cylindrical, clay ibid. 52 (1962) 168; Kiln 17 reduced beakers; F6: roughly oval, pedestals arranged in integral solid-clay provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; (formerly mortaria of hammer- clay-lined triangle (prefabricated vent-holed floor c. 250-300 ibid. 4, 1961, 5; kiln 16a) head, flanged and type but permanently Archaeom 5 (1962) collared varieties secured in position) 22-4
mainly coarse wares but possibly incl flanged stamped JRS 51 (1961) 173, mortaria of Vitalis IV 195; ibid. 52 (1962) F probably 6: (c): central, elongated, raised oven-floor and other vessels provisionally 168; WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 11 roughly oval clay pedestal demolished similar to products of c. 115-45 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; clay-lined Kiln 22 Archaeom 5 (1962) 22-4
kiln comprises one (a): central prefab, clay of earliest excavated coarse wares only, pedestal superimposed on site; rough JRS 51 (1961) 173; prefab. slightly incl. wide shallow provisionally F4: roughly oval, on flat prefab. clay stones nearby; WMANS 3, 1960, 4; Kiln 24 tapering, clay bars dishes, and ?beakers late 1-early clay-lined pedestal; (k): slots infilling of kiln may Archaeom 5 (1962) (not in situ) (little pottery 2 inserted in the kiln-wall comprise residue of 22-4 associated) for the seating of bars later structure (??building)
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery
mortaria of hammer- JRS 51 (1961) 173, die-stamp of potter head, flanged, and 195; ibid. 52 (1962) F6: roughly Mossius (found on (c): central, roughly solid-clay vent- collared varieties; a provisionally 168; WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 1 circular, clay- clay lined flue site but not in circular, clay pedestal holed floor very little oxidized c. 260-350 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; lined association with a coarse ware, probably Archaeom 5 (1962) kiln) jars 22-4
JRS 51 (1961) 173, F6: mostly floor destroyed by 195; ibid. 52 (1962) (c): central roughly oval Kiln 3a underlay and destroyed but later Kiln 3 provisionally 168 WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 3a pedestal ?of clay (scar was partly destroyed mortaria probably roughly (probably solid- c. 220-70 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; only survived) by Kiln 3 oval, clay lined clay vent-holed) Archaeom 5 (1962) 22-4
kiln-structure typical JRS 51 (1961) 173; of very large-scale ibid. 52 (1962) 168; mortarium WMANS 3. 1960, 4-5; F6: roughly oval, (c): 2 rectangular clay integral solid-clay mortaria and possibly provisionally Kiln 9 production (cf. Fig. ibid. 4, 1961. 5; clay-lined pedestals vent-holed floor also wide-mouthed jars c. 200-250 XIII) in the Archaeom 5 (1962) Hartshill/Mancetter 22-4; cf. Hartley 1973, industry 146, fig. 1, Kiln E
JRS 51 (1961) 173; coarse wares incl. raised oven-floor ibid. 52 (1962) 168; (c): 2 parallel, roughly wide-mouthed jars and F6: oval, clay- destroyed provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; Kiln 16 subrectangular integral possibly straight-sided lined (probably solid- 4 ibid. 4, 1961, 5; clay pedestals flanged bowls but no clay vent-holed) Archaeom 5 (1962) mortaria 22-4
F6: roughly wide range of mortaria provisionally JRS 51 (1961) 173, (c): central roughly integral solid-clay Kiln 4 circular, clay- including hammer- probably 195; ibid. 52 (1962) circular clay pedestal vent-holed floor lined with head flanged and first half of 4 168; WMANS 3, 1960, evidence of collared types; some 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5;
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery refurbishing on grey wide mouthed Archaeom 5 (1962) several jars; typologically this 22-4 occasions comprises the latest excavated kiln-group at Hartshill
probably integral JRS 51 (1961) 173, (c): central pedestal of solid-clay vent- 195; ibid. 52 (1962) F6: roughly oval, rectangular to oval holed floor Kiln 5a post-dated provisionally 168; WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 5a products uncertain clay-lined shape built of clay, arranged in bar- Kiln 5 probably 2 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; parallel to flue axis like formation (not Archaeom 5 (1962) in situ) 22-4
JRS 51 (1961) 173; F4: roughly oval, (a): 2 prefab. ibid. 52 (1962) 168; clay-lined; flat lip removable, circular high clay roof of WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; wide-mouthed jars, provisionally of kiln-wall 'cotton reel' shaped prefab. removable flue forming 'dome-plates ibid. 4, 1961. 5; Kiln 12 shallow dishes, late 1-early survived intact at pedestals; (h): integral tapering clay bars thicker section associated with kiln' Archaeom 5 (1962) narrow-mouthed jars 2 just above ledge recessed into clay of kiln-wall 22-4; Hartley 1973, ground level kiln-wall 147, fig 2, Kiln H
integral solid-clay flanged stamped JRS 51 (1961) 173; floor vented in mortaria of Cevanos; ibid. 52 (1962) 168; (c): central, rough clay rough bar-like F6: roughly oval, coarse wares incl. provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; Kiln 14 pedestal of amorphous formation but with clay-lined shallow flanged c. 100-130 ibid. 4, 1961, 5; shape at least some segmental bowls and Archaeom 5 (1962) intersections medium-mouthed jars 22-4 between the bars
F probably 6: (d): tongue probably of oven-floor small wide-mouthed provisionally JRS 51 (1961) 173, Kiln 5 roughly oval clay (residue only demolished jars, beakers with 2 195; ibid. 52 (1962) clay-lined survived) (prabably solid- sharply everted rims, 168; WMANS 3, 1960, APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery clay vent-holed) and straight-sided 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; dishes Archaeom 5 (1962) 22-4
flanged stamped JRS 51 (1961) 173; mortaria stamped by integral solid-clay mortaria of Cevanos ibid. 52 (1962) 168; F6: small, Cevanos (c): central, circular, vent-holed floor and some shallow provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; Kiln 14a roughly circular, incorporated in clay pedestal arranged in radial flanged segmental c. 100-130 ibid. 4, 1961, 5; clay-lined fabric of raised bar-like formation bowls and medium- Archaeom 5 (1962) oven-floor mouthed jars 22-4
JRS 51 (1961) 173, mortaria incl. hammer- 195; ibid. 52 (1962) raised oven floor F probably 6: (c): central, roughly head, flanged and 168: WMANS 3, 1960, demolished provisionally Kiln 7 roughly oval, subrectangular clay collared types; 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; (probably solid- c. 270-340 clay-lined pedestal possibly a few reduced Archaeom 5 (1962) clay vent-holed) wide-mouthed jars 22-4
oven-floor mostly JRS 51 (1961) 173, destroyed but provisionally 195; ibid. 52 (1962) (c): central roughly probable remains Kiln 3 overlay Kiln F6: roughly oval, mainly wide mouthed ??4 or 168; WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 3 elongated clay pedestal of integral solid- 3a partly destroying clay-lined jars and beakers ??slightly 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; parallel to flue axis clay vent-holed it later Archaeom 5 (1962) floor survived in 22-4 flue region
JRS 51 (1961) 173; kiln packed full of clay ibid. 52 (1962) 168; F?: clay-lined waste but internal internal features WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; Kiln 13 (mostly no pottery associated unknown structural features destroyed ibid. 4, 1961, 5; destroyed) destroyed Archaeom 5 (1962) 22-4
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery
JRS 51 (1961) 173, ?(a) or (c): 3 small, kiln-products not 195; ibid. 52 (1962) F probably 6: roughly circular clay closely datable but raised oven-floor wide-mouthed jars; provisionally 168; WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 8 roughly oval pedestals arranged in Kiln 8 was demolished ?mortaria c. 200-250 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; clay-lined triangle (stains only structurally earlier Archaeom 5 (1962) survived) than Kiln 7 22-4
JRS 51 (1961) 173, F6: roughly oval, mortaria of hammer- 195; ibid. 52 (1962) clay-lined; flat lip head, flanged, and (c): 2 rectangular clay integral thick solid- 168; WMANS 3, 1960, of kiln-wall stone cheeks at collared varieties; a provisionally Kiln 2 pedestals parallel to flue clay vent-holed 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; survived intact at flue-exit little coarse ware c. 250-300 axis floor Archaeom 5 (1962) just above probably wide 22-4; Hartley 1973, ground level mouthed jars 146, fig. 1, Kiln E
dome-plates associated with kiln Oxon. type red colour JRS 51 (1961) 173, integral solid clay (their use was rare coated wares incl. 195; ibid. 52 (1962) floor with closely in the imitation samian (Dr. 168; WMANS 3, 1960, (d): narrow solid-clay packed evenly Hartshill/Mancetter 36, 38, 31 and 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; F6: near circular tongue support; (g): 16 second Kiln 6 spaced vent holes industry); form of hemispherical bowls) Archaeom 5 (1962) clay-lined small integral clay quarter of 4 (untypical of kiln and its wares and funnel-mouthed 22-4; Hartley 1973, corbels (cf. Fig. XIV) Hartshill/Mancetter reflect presence of globular beakers some 147, fig. 2, Kiln G; Bird Kilns) immigrant potter rouletted or with white and Young 1981, 306- from Oxon. potteries painted scrolls 7, fig. 17.5 (cf. Fig. XIV)
JRS 51 (1961) 173, flanged stamped provisionally integral solid-clay kiln larger than but 195; ibid. 52 (1962) (c): central roughly mortaria mainly of c. 130-60 F6: roughly oval, vent-holed floor similar to Hartley 168; WMANS 3, 1960, Kiln 5b elongated clay pedestal Minomelus (possibly (Vitalis IV clay-lined arranged in bar- 1973, 146, fig. 1, 4-5; ibid. 4, 1961, 5; parallel to flue axis also of Vitalis IV and worked c. like formation Kiln 8 Archaeom 5 (1962) Gratinus) coarse AD 115-45) wares incl. wide 22-4 APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery mouthed jars, dishes, segmental flanged bowls, beakers and ?tankards
?(a): no central support ?kiln ?used by probably coarse found (?portable, Vitalis IV whose wares, incl. beakers JRS 51 (1961) 173; F?4: roughly removed); (j): at least 3 ?bars (none stamped mortarium and medium-mouthed provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4; Kiln 32 circular, clay- hollows moulded into found in was found jars; possibly also 100-140 Archaeom 5 (1962) lined kiln-wall 0.25 m above association) incorporated in kiln- wide-mouthed jars and 22-4 furnace-floor (?for structure carinated bowls supporting bars)
kiln belongs to same general type as JRS 51 (1961) 173; (c): 2 parallel, elongated integral solid-clay mostly mortaria, incl. F6: roughly oval, Hartley 1973, 146, provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4; Kiln 28 D-shaped, clay vent-holed floor flanged, collared, and clay-lined fig. 1, Kiln E (with c. 230-80 Archaeom 5 (1962) pedestals (partly destroyed) hammer-head varieties slight variation in 22-4 pedestal-shape)
JRS 51 (1961) 173; oxidized beakers, jars raised oven-floor kiln of same general ibid. 52 (1962) 168; (c): 2 parallel, near- with everted rim, F6: roughly oval, destroyed type as Hartley provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; Kiln 18 rectangular, integral medium-mouthed jars, clay-lined (probably solid- 1973, 146, fig. 1, c. 180-230 ibid. 4, 1961, 5; clay pedestals various mortaria excl. clay vent-holed) Kiln E Archaeom 5 (1962) hammer-head types 22-4
(c): central, roughly JRS 51 (1961) 173; flanged stamped rectangular, clay traces of earlier ibid. 52 (1962) 168; F probably 6: mortaria incl. early pedestal; (f): 6 small, raised oven-floor small kiln (mostly provisionally WMANS 3, 1960, 4-5; Kiln 19 roughly oval work of Gratinus; prefab. clay pilasters destroyed destroyed) c. 135-65 ibid. 4, 1961, 5; clay-lined bowls, small jars bonded to kiln-wall at underlying Kiln 19 Archaeom 5 (1962) medium-mouthed jars equidistant intervals 22-4
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery
flanged stamped (c) (h): (c): small mortaria of Vitalis IV, subrectangular pedestal F probably 5: small carinated bowls of stones bonded with small, circular, with reeded rim, and JRS 51 (1961) 173; clay and over-plastered probably prefab. long flue clay-lined, more segmental bowls in WMANS 3, 1960, 4; Kiln 22 with clay on top and clay bars (none capped with c. 115-45 deeply set than orange fabric; mortaria Archaeom 5 (1962) sides; (h): ledge found in kiln) stone slabs was usual for this were close in form to 22-4 carefully moulded into industry products of Herts clay kiln-wall around immigrant G Attius whole circumference Marinus
Kiln 25 was sited next to Kilns 5, 5a integral solid-clay JRS 51 (1961) 173; F6: small, and 5b and its (c): central, circular, vent-holed floor long clay-lined no definite kiln- probably WMANS 3, 1960, 4; Kiln 25 circular, clay- products cannot be roughly made pedestal arranged in bar- flue products associated mid 2 Archaeom 5 (1962) lined distinguished from like formation 22-4 those of the latter kilns
HARTSHILL (2): Hartshill Quarry, S of Grange Road
solid-clay vent- (c): single, central, clay holed floor flanged mortaria; F6: roughly oval, pedestal flanked on provisionally Kiln 33 plastered over an beakers, some roller- clay-lined each side by a 150-70 arrangement of stamped subsidiary pedestal radiating timbers
HARTSHILL (3): '1 3/4 miles SE of Oldbury' (SP33679370)
?F6 or H6: 'tumulus' (?waster- no details of probably oxidized no details probably clay- no details recorded 'a brick pavement heap) over kiln; Bartlett 1791, 15 flue recorded wares recorded lined about 5 ft square stone axe with a hole at each (?Neolithic; ?reused APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
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TABLE 3.1 – HARTSHILL AND NUNEATON ROMANO-BRITISH KILNS IDENTIFIED IN THE VICINITY OF THE ASSESSMENT SITE (SWAN 1984)
Kiln Site Features and Date of Kiln Type Kiln Interior Oven Floor Flue Pottery References Number Finds Pottery corner' (probably a for burnishing) solid-clay vent- holed raised oven- floor)
NUNEATON (1): 'Tippets' Quarry, Caldicote Quarries nr Hartshill
white flanged mortaria, abundant pottery in incl. one stamped general vicinity 'SARR' (?Sarrius); for 'kiln' (no details no details other kilns of Sarrius PSAL 2 ser 16 (1897) no details recorded kiln siting not certain ?mid 2 recorded) recorded and may have been see Mancetter 1, Kilns 404-5 further NW in 1, 3, 3a and Hartshill Parish Rossington Bridge Cantley 1, Yorks W.R.
NUNEATON (2): Abell's Quarry, Hartshill
?small 'kiln' (no no details white mortaria, incl. PSAL 2 ser 16 (1897) no details recorded abundant pottery 2 details recorded) recorded one stamped 'VDIO' 404-5
'platform' F?6: circular, (probably a solid- no details PSAL 2 ser 16 (1897) ?(d): probably a tongue white mortaria clay-lined clay vent-holed recorded 404-5 oven-floor)
non-local pottery F6: circular, clay (c): central, clay solid-clay vent- no details PSAL 2 ser 16 (1897) clay-lined flue near kilns suggests white mortaria lined pedestal holed floor recorded 404-5 settlement nearby
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Appendix 3
Scheduled monument and listed building entries, Hartshill Castle and Church of the Holy Trinity
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4.1 Hartshill Castle (1011197) Scheduled monument entry
Name: Hartshill Castle
List entry Number: 1011197
Date first scheduled: 17-Feb-1927
Date of most recent amendment: 07-Mar-1994
National Grid Reference: SP 32550 94305
Reasons for Designation
Motte and bailey castles are medieval fortifications introduced into Britain by the Normans. They comprised a large conical mound of earth or rubble, the motte, surmounted by a palisade and a stone or timber tower. In a majority of examples an embanked enclosure containing additional buildings, the bailey, adjoined the motte. Motte castles and motte-and-bailey castles acted as garrison forts during offensive military operations, as strongholds, and, in many cases, as aristocratic residences and as centres of local or royal administration. Built in towns, villages and open countryside, motte and bailey castles generally occupied strategic positions dominating their immediate locality and, as a result, are the most visually impressive monuments of the early post- Conquest period surviving in the modern landscape. Over 600 motte castles or motte-and-bailey castles are recorded nationally, with examples known from most regions. As one of a restricted range of recognised early post-Conquest monuments, they are particularly important for the study of Norman Britain and the development of the feudal system. Although many were occupied for only a short period of time, motte castles continued to be built and occupied from the 11th to the 13th centuries, after which they were superseded by other types of castle.
The monument survives well and is largely unencumbered by modern development. Surface irregularities within the enclosure castle indicate the position of buried features and these will retain evidence for the changing pattern of occupation of the site during the medieval and post-medieval periods. The conversion of the site from a motte and bailey to an enclosure castle in the 14th century is of particular interest. Additionally, organic material will be preserved within the seasonally waterlogged pond area to the east and this will be of value in understanding the economy of the castle's inhabitants.
Details
The monument is situated within the village of Hartshill between the Green and the parish church of the Holy Trinity and west of Castle Road. It includes the standing and buried remains of Hartshill Castle, the site of a post-medieval house constructed within an earlier enclosure castle and parts of an associated water management system. Hartshill Castle is situated in a commanding position on a ridge running north west-south east. There are stream channels to the west and east of the castle site. It is primarily a motte and bailey castle which was altered prior to the mid 14th century to form an enclosure castle, the standing remains of which are also listed Grade II. The natural slope of the ridge has been accentuated to strengthen the castle defences on the north, west and east sides. The motte is located at the northern end of the castle site and is mostly artificial. It has a diameter of approximately 50m across its base and is surrounded by a ditch 8m wide. The ditch has been infilled but remains visible as a shallow depression around the circumference of the motte. A slight outer bank is visible at the western and northern edges of the motte. The southern ditch is now in use as a public footpath and its original depth is uncertain. The outer edge of the eastern side of the ditch has been obscured by the dumping of waste material in the 20th century. The ditch will, however, survive as a buried feature. The motte is flat-topped and there is a slight depression at its centre. The original layout of the bailey is no longer evident on the ground surface but its outer bank probably followed the top of the natural ridge. The motte and bailey castle was constructed during the reign of
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Henry I(1100-35) by Hugh de Handreshull. Prior to the mid-14th century the castle was refortified and a curtain wall, built of coursed, squared, Hartshill granite blocks with sandstone dressings, was added to the bailey. The enclosure castle is thought to have been constructed by John de Handreshull in c.1330. The motte was not included within the defences of the new enclosure castle and was presumably abandoned at this time. The curtain wall encloses an area of approximately 0.35ha and is a five-sided polygon in plan. The wall survives to a maximum height of approximately 3m and is best preserved on the northern, eastern and north western sides. There are cross-shaped loopholes at intervals within the fabric of the curtain wall. The southern wall is thought to have contained the gateway into the castle. The ground surface within the enclosure contains surface irregularities indicating the presence of buried features. A linear earthwork within the north western part of the castle defines the eastern edge of a raised rectangular platform. The living quarters of the castle are known to have included a hall, an accompanying kitchen and other rooms. At the north end of the castle are the standing remains of a chapel which is approximately contemporary with the refortification of the enclosure. The chapel has been constructed against the north curtain wall and is built of local quartzite with window dressings of sandstone. The east wall of the building is the best preserved and it contains a small window opening. A portion of the southern wall remains standing and includes a piscina. The remains of the chapel which are part of the castle fabric are therefore listed Grade II and are included in the scheduling. Within the north eastern corner of the enclosure castle are the ruins of a timber and brick building, the ruins of a post-medieval house constructed within the castle. The standing remains include a large brick chimney with two chamfered stone fireplaces and are listed Grade II. The house includes part of the curtain walls within its fabric and is all that is now visible of a four gabled, part timber-framed house, built in the 1560s. In c.1550 Hartshill Castle was sold to Sir Anthony Cook who leased the site to Michael and Edmund Parker in 1567. The standing and buried remains of the post-medieval house are included in the scheduling. To the north east of the enclosure castle are the earthwork remains of a retaining bank or dam. The bank is approximately 8m wide and has been constructed across the stream channel. It has been altered slightly and it is now used as a public footpath. The construction of the bank dammed the stream to form a pond area upstream to the south east. The pond is considered to have been associated with the defences of Hartshill Castle. The stream channel now flows beneath the retaining bank and the pond is only seasonally waterlogged. There is a causeway across the central part of the pond which divides the pond into two sections. The causeway is thought to have been associated with the occupation of the post-medieval house, built within the castle. The pond to the north of the causeway, its dam and the causeway itself, are included in the scheduling. The brick and timber stable building situated within the enclosure castle, the brick pathways and all fence posts are excluded from the scheduling but the ground beneath these features is included.
Selected Sources
1. Book Reference - Title: The Victoria History of the County of Warwickshire: Hartshill - Date: 1947 - Volume: 4 - Page References: 131 2. Article Reference - Author: Chatwin, P B - Title: Castles in Warwickshire - Date: 1947 - Journal Title: Transactions of the Birmingham Archaeologiacl Society - Volume: 67 - Page References: 8 3. Article Reference - Author: Chatwin, P B - Title: Castles in Warwickshire - Date: 1947 - Journal Title: Transactions of the Birmingham Archaeologiacl Society - Volume: 67 - Page References: 8-9 4. Article Reference - Author: Chatwin, P B - Title: Hartshill Castle - Date: 1928 - Journal Title: Transactions of the Birmingham Archaeological Society - Volume: 53 - Page References: 206 5. Article Reference - Author: Chatwin, P B - Title: Hartshill Castle - Date: 1928 - Journal Title: Transactions of the Birmingham Archaeological Society - Volume: 53 - Page References: 206- 10 6. Article Reference - Author: Chatwin, P B - Title: Hartshill Castle - Date: 1928 - Journal Title: Transactions of the Birmingham Archaeological Society - Volume: 53 - Page References: 206- 10 7. Other Reference - Author: Ordnance Survey - Title: Hartshill Castle, SP 39 SW 6 - Date: 1967 - Type: DESC TEXT
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8. Book Reference - Author: Pevsner, N - Title: The Buildings of England: Warwickshire - Date: 1974 - Page References: 307
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4.2 Hartshill Castle (1034748), listed building entry
Name: HARTSHILL CASTLE RUINS
List entry Number: 1034748
Location: HARTSHILL CASTLE RUINS, CASTLE ROAD
Grade: II
Date first listed: 23-Nov-1951
National Grid Reference: SP 32525 94331
List Entry Description - Details
HARTSHILL CASTLE ROAD SP39SW (West side) 5/96 Hartshill Castle Ruins 23/11/51 - II Fragmentary remains of a castle. C13. Coursed squared Hartshill granite, with sandstone dressings. Sections of curtain wall, rising to a maximum height of approximately 3 metres, have quoins and cross-loops. In the north-east corner is a large brick chimney containing 2 chamfered stone fireplaces, all that remains of a C16 house built within the walls. Scheduled as an Ancient Monument. (Buildings of England: Warwickshire: p307; VCH: Warwickshire: Vol IV, p131)
Listing NGR: SP3252594331
Selected Sources
Book Reference - Author: Doubleday, AH and Page, W - Title: The Victoria History of the County of Warwick - Date: 1947 - Volume: 4 - Page References: 131 Book Reference - Author: Pevsner, N and Wedgwood, A - Title: The Buildings of England: Warwickshire - Date: 1966 - Page References: 307
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
4.3 Holy Trinity , Hartshill (1365167), listed building entry
Name: CHURCH OF THE HOLY TRINITY
List entry Number: 1365167
Location: CHURCH OF THE HOLY TRINITY, CHURCH ROAD
Grade: II
Date first listed: 30-Mar-1988
National Grid Reference: SP 32716 93940
List Entry Description – Details
HARTSHILL CHURCH ROAD SPS9SW (East side) 5/97 Church of The Holy Trinity - II Church. 1841-1848 by T.L. Walker. Hartshill granite rubble with red brick, blue brick and sandstone dressings. Plain-tile roof has stone-coped gable parapets. Nave and shallow apsidal chancel. Neo- Norman style. 8 bays. Moulded brick plinth, pilaster buttresses, and moulded blue brick corbel table throughout. West front has very large and deep portal of 6 orders; arches have zig-zag, ball flower, serpentine and other mouldings in blue brick. Sandstone shafts have scalloped, interlaced, waterleaf and other capitals. Chamfered shouldered doorway has double-leaf doors and roundel with cross in the tympanum. Narrow left and right bays have 2 tiers of windows between buttresses. Windows have blue brick roll-moulded round arches throughout. Gable has brick tumbling, and row of 4 blind quatrefoil roundels of sandstone. Large wheel window of sandstone with columns as spokes. Small square turret at apex of gable on 2 coved corbels with grotesque masks, and pointed elliptical louvred opening between them. Moulded brick string course, and stone pyramid roof. Bell chamber openings have simple outer arch, inner arch with sandstone nook shafts, and 2 louvred openings to each side. Return sides have doorways to first and eighth bay, with windows above. East doorways are bricked up; west doorway has plank door. Windows have continuous moulded sill course forming hood mould above doorways. East gable of nave has small turret with louvred openings and remains of stone cross. Semi-circular apse has 3 windows. Interior is plastered with moulded cornice and flase ceiling. -Arch to apse is unmoulded. West gallery on 4 shafts with scalloped capitals. The interior was redecorated in 1939 and 1948 by N.F. Cachemaille-Day. Stone octagonal Gothic style font. (Buildings of England: Warwickshire; p307)
Listing NGR: SP3271693940
Selected Sources
Book Reference - Author: Pevsner, N and Wedgwood, A - Title: The Buildings of England: Warwickshire - Date: 1966 - Page References: 307
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Appendix 5
Plates
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 1 – Black and white 1947 vertical aerial photograph of proposed development site. British Library/Envirocheck 1947, Scale 1:10 560, north to top.
Plate 2 – Black and white 1968 vertical aerial photograph of proposed development site. Warwickshire County Council Historic Environment Record, National Coal Board 1/680/6829 FSL No. 6. Region West Midlands, Nuneaton Area. 29 March 1968, Scale 1:10 560, north to left. HER Reference SP3294.
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 3 – Modern aerial photograph of proposed development site. Bing mapping © 2014 Microsoft Corporation © 2013 Nokia
Plate 4 – Modern aerial photograph of proposed development site. Google mapping © 2014 DigitalGlobe, Inforetta & Bluesky, The GeoInformation Group. Map data © 2014 Google
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
rds parish church and pasture field
se, Holy Trinity parish church and Charity Farm
Plate 5 – View of w estern pasture field
Bottom: view from Charity Farm towa
Top: view from field gate towards Church Clo
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT
September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Hartshill Quarry, school to left of picture towards Snow Hill Top: view to west Plate 6 – View of central area of arable fields Bottom: view to northwest towards area of
A PPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
rmer quarrying and recreation ground wards scrub and woodland covering area of former quarrying Top: view of football pitch at Snow Hill recreation ground Plate 7 – View of eastern area of fo Bottom: view to west of recreation ground looking to
A PPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 8 – West elevation of Holy Trinity Hartshill Plate 9 – View of eastern apsidal end of church parish church from entrance on Church Road looking west from pasture field to Church Road
Plate 10 – View of northern elevation of Holy Trinity Plate 11 – View of eastern apsidal end of Holy Trinity from pasture field looking west from arable field
Plate 12 – View of pasture field from reordered Plate 13 – View of pasture field from reordered churchyard of Holy Trinity churchyard of Holy Trinity
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 14 – Holy Trinity vicarage viewed from western Plate 15 – Holy Trinity vicarage viewed from Church end of Holy Trinity church Road
Plate 16 – View of Hartshill Castle from Castle Road, Plate 17 – Northern wall of Hartshill Castle, with looking west Hartshill Hayes Country Park to the right
Plate 18 – View from Castle Road, looking east Plate 19 – The five-bar gate marks the current access towards the assessment site. The castle is in a dip point to the assessment site, screened by and views are screened by topography, urban form, topography and vegetation. and vegetation. There is no thematic, functional or historical continuity between the sites, which are split by Castle Road.
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 20 – Hartshill village green, looking southeast Plate 21 – Hartshill war memorial, Church Road. towards the proposed development site. There is no Views are dominated by urban context, road traffic, intervisibility due to topography, urban fabric and and the modern school in the distance vegetation
Plate 22 – Coventry Canal at Hartshill Wharf, looking Plate 23 – Hartshill Wharf southeast. The huge spoil tip of Mount Jee is visible in the distance, surrounded by extensive heavily vegetated quarry spoil heaps. The proposed development site is not visible due to intervening natural and industrial topography
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 24 – Hartshill Grange, Grange Road Plate 25 – Grange Road Canal Bridge
Plate 26 – Canal Bridge, Grange Road Plate 27 – Wesleyan Chapel, Grange Road
Plate 28 – Weaver’s Cottage, Grange Road Plate 29 – Congregational Chapel, Coleshill Road
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 30 – Coleshill Road, Methodist Chapel Plate 31 – Coleshill Road, modern Catholic church
Plate 32 – Quarry baffle bund along northeastern Plate 33 – Trackway running along top of quarry bund side boundary
Plate 34 – view of former quarry, now lake, north of Plate 35 – Memorial to victim of quarry drowning, assessment site Nuneaton Road (recent intangible heritage)
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 36 – Quarryman’s Walk, part of the North Arden Plate 37 – Quarryman’s Walk, part of the North Arden Heritage Trail – information board, Grange Road Heritage Trail – information board, Hartshill Village Green
Plate 38 – Ceramic building material and possible Plate 39 – Black flint debitage; cockle shell kiln furniture; fire-cracked stone to bottom right
Plate 40 – Assemblage of Romano-British and 19th Plate 41 – Possible Romano-British kiln furniture century ceramic building material; 19th century transfer-printed pottery
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 42 – Possible Romano-British furniture Plate 43 – Possible Romano-British tile
Plate 44 – Possible Romano-British tile
Plate 45 – Tile fragment and slag, found in Plate 46 – Fragments of ceramic building material northwestern corner of arable field and 19th century earthenware field drain
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Plate 47 – From left, possible kiln furniture; fragment Plate 48 – Examples of the granite extracted from of cockle shell; yellow Staffordshire Slipware dish Jee’s Quarry to the north fragment (c.1650-1775); field drain
Plate 49 – East elevation of Charity Farm, fronting Plate 50 – North elevation of Charity Farm and Castle Road outbuildings
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
Lafarge Tarmac Ltd – Hartshill, Warwickshire
Appendix 6
Figures
APPENDICES TO HERITAGE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT September 2014
© Crown copyright and database rights 2014 Ordnance Survey 0100031673
LEGEND 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 km Site Boundary
Project Title/Drawing Title Client URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited LAFARGE TARMAC Scott House Drawn Checked Approved Alençon Link, Basingstoke Hampshire, RG21 7PP HARTSHILL, WARWICKSHIRE GB LO LO Telephone (01256) 310200 FIGURE 1 Date Scale @ A4 Purpose of Issue Fax (01256) 310201 www.ursglobal.com SITE LOCATION PLAN 29/08/2014 1:10000 DRAFT THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF URS' Drawing Number Rev APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH 0 USE, AND ONLY FOR THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. File Name:K:\Newproje\47071493_Lafarge Tarmac_HartshillNorth Warwks_DBA\Data\Graphics data\GRAPHICS-Data\GIS_Data\01-WIP\01_03-Project_Files\MXDs\FIGURE 1.mxd 47071493/AR/001 THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT
LEGEND Site Boundary 1km Study Area 1365165 MWA6120 1262576 Monuments (Point Feature) MWA3866 1365166 Monuments (Line Feature) MWA5831 MWA5830 MWA5833 Monuments (Area Feature) Events (Point Feature) MWA5903 1251839 Events (Line Feature)
MWA248 MWA247 MWA5720 Events (Area Feature) MWA59021034751 MWA12550 Listed Building EWA7288 MWA4383 1034749 1034750 MWA299 Grade I MWA2449 MWA2789 1365168 MWA5740 Grade II* MWA8212 MWA5901 EWA927 MWA244 Grade II MWA7403 MWA243 MWA8245 MWA8212 MWA7521 MWA5719 EWA2703 EWA6899
MWA6001 MWA242 MWA5717 MWA8247 1034748 MWA241 MWA5718 MWA8245 MWA8245 MWA240 MWA8246 MWA13448 MWA12549 MWA8245 EWA9564 MWA8245 MWA5900 MWA12548 MWA297 Copyright MWA8245 MWA4602 MWA5886 © Crown copyright and database rights 2014 MWA245 1365167 Ordnance Survey 0100031673 MWA5885 MWA9517 MWA5716 MWA5883 EWA10215 1261659 MWA5715 MWA5884 MWA12602 EWA3328 MWA4373 MWA5899 MWA8210 MWA5714 MWA302 EWA3284
MWA250 MWA5712 MWA3181 MWA2447 MWA5636 Check MWA5713 Revision Details By Suffix MWA5741 Check Date MWA9698 1262600 MWA5898 Purpose of Issue MWA6097 MWA4382 FINAL MWA5711 MWA5737 Client MWA5736 MWA5895 LAFARGE TARMAC MWA5894 MWA5893 MWA301 MWA5735 Project Title MWA5892 MWA5891 MWA5734 HARTSHILL, WARWICKSHIRE MWA10190 MWA12592
Drawing Title
MWA10192 FIGURE 2 LOCATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSETS EWA9646 EWA9421 WITHIN 1KM STUDY AREA
Drawn Checked Approved Date MWA5890 GB LO LO 29/08/2014 URS Internal Project No. Scale @ A3 MWA1686 47071493 1:12,500
THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED.
URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited Scott House Alençon Link, Basingstoke Hampshire, RG21 7PP Telephone (01256) 310200 Fax (01256) 310201 www.ursglobal.com
Drawing Number Rev
0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 km 47071493/AR/002 Rev File Name:K:\Newproje\47071493_Lafarge Tarmac_Hartshill North Warwks_DBA\Data\Graphics data\GRAPHICS-Data\GIS_Data\01-WIP\01_03-Project_Files\MXDs\FIGURE 2.mxd Name:K:\Newproje\47071493_LafargeTarmac_Hartshill File THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF 1185175 1185004 1034783 1184898 1034785 1185062 1185007 ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT 1299873 1299790 1299788 1185199 1185192 1034736 1034784 1365194 1365160 1034735 1299875 1365163 1365161 1034786 LEGEND 1034737 1299808 1034734 1034729 1365162 1365146 1034779 1034733 1185154 1365195 1365164 1034726 1299939 1034778 Site Boundary 1365147 1365148 1365157 1034728 1299832 1034781 1034732 Study Area 1185066 1299864 1034727 1365159 1365158 1299802 1034730 1185205 1365193 1184966 1184886 1034731 1185074 1074190 1074184 Battle of Scheduled Monument 1299627 Bosworth 1262618 Battlefield 1014682 (Field) 1485 Park and Gardens 1251766 1074189 1034738 1294701 Listed Building
1184993 Grade I 1365175 1361314 1185525 1034782 1299654 1185238 Grade II* 1034761 1184912 1361315 1188486 1010198 1299659 1034762 1365172 1361313 1034763 1034780 1299679 Grade II 1185536 1034755 1034764 1251842 1185449 1185459 1074186 MEREVALE 10057361005736 1034756 1188518 HALL 1185462 1017585 1005736
1034765 1365169 1299697 1185415 1185429 1185409 1262594 1185293 1034754 1034753 1365170 1034752 1365171 1185412 1251841 1005075 1178178 1178220 1361311 1178169 1262577 1034747 11782011074257 1185309 1262576 1365165 1034745 1365166 1251839 1034744 1018855 1034751 Copyright 1034750 1034749 1034746 © Crown copyright and database rights 2014 1365168 Ordnance Survey 0100031673 1014684 1034748 1011197
1365167 1261659
1185771 1034771 1262600 1365140
1034770 1393733 Check 1365141 Revision Details By Suffix Check Date 1034772 Purpose of Issue FINAL 1389490 1011033 1034985 Client 1392744 1253688 1253714 LAFARGE TARMAC 1380208 1011033 1299392 1365053 1034769 1034949 1116393 1299422 Project Title 1034980 10349811299514 HARTSHILL, WARWICKSHIRE 1034982 1035004 1261658 1034973 1261649 1185747 1034951 1034975 Drawing Title 1034977 1034976 FIGURE 3 1035010 1034978 LOCATION OF DESIGNATED CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSETS 1299611 1035006 1365024 1299708 WITHIN 5KM AREA 1365025 1035008 1365023 1035007 1185585 1185318 1365022 1185222 Drawn Checked Approved Date 1185351 1185306 1185577 1035005 1365048 GB LO LO 29/08/2014 1185637 URS Internal Project No. Scale @ A3 1011194 1299615 47071493 1:40,000 1365144 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR 1184853 1184837 ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR 1365145 FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE 1034777 1035009 PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. 1184805 URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited Scott House ARBURY Alençon Link, Basingstoke HALL Hampshire, RG21 7PP 1034970 1034984 Telephone (01256) 310200 Fax (01256) 310201 1034972 1034971 1365051 www.ursglobal.com Drawing Number Rev
0.75 0 0.75 1.5 2.25 3 3.75 km 47071493/AR/003 Rev File Name:K:\Newproje\47071493_Lafarge Tarmac_Hartshill North Warwks_DBA\Data\Graphics data\GRAPHICS-Data\GIS_Data\01-WIP\01_03-Project_Files\MXDs\FIGURE 3.mxd Name:K:\Newproje\47071493_LafargeTarmac_Hartshill File HWA1634 HWA2768 HWA2768 THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT
HWA2768 LEGEND Site Boundary HWA2814 HWA2816 HWA2902 Search Area HWA2905 HWA2829 HWA2901 Historic Landscape Character HWA2903 HWA2768 HWA2813 HWA2795 HWA2797 Civic and Commercial HWA2904 HWA2010 HWA2815 HWA2893 HWA2817 Designed Landscape HWA2779 HWA2886 Extractive HWA2896 HWA2817 HWA2888 HWA2014 HWA2888 Fieldscapes HWA2894 HWA2906 HWA2887 HWA2796 Horticultural HWA2897 HWA2895 Industrial HWA2900 HWA2889 HWA2899 HWA2798 HWA2879 Settlement HWA2878 HWA3219 Transport HWA2881 HWA2769 HWA2882 Unimproved Land HWA2892 HWA2900 HWA2875 HWA2880 Water and Valley Floor HWA2885 HWA2821 Woodland HWA2876 HWA2898 HWA2821 HWA2996 HWA3219 HWA3090 Ridge & Furrow HWA2877 HWA2382 HWA3130 HWA2884 HWA2890 HWA2818 HWA2996 HWA2908 HWA2907 HWA3223 HWA2883 HWA3224 HWA18866 HWA2945 HWA2909 HWA2825 HWA2930 HWA2943 HWA3133 HWA2767 HWA3222 HWA2915 HWA2922 Copyright HWA3222 HWA2918 HWA2734 HWA2921 HWA16593 HWA18217 HWA2820 HWA2910 © Crown copyright and database rights 2014 HWA2931 HWA2933 Ordnance Survey 0100031673 HWA3221 HWA2916 HWA3220 HWA2929 HWA2920 HWA3137 HWA2819 HWA3137 HWA2944 HWA2937 HWA2917 HWA1634 HWA2935 HWA16723 HWA3073 HWA2923 HWA16725 HWA2938 HWA2946 HWA2823 HWA2946 HWA2939 HWA2975 HWA2911 HWA3136 HWA2941 HWA2928 HWA3129 HWA2822 HWA2984 HWA2932 HWA2948 HWA2912 HWA3058 HWA3059 HWA2947 HWA16669 HWA16724 HWA2966 HWA3073 HWA16726 HWA2927 HWA2914 HWA3091 HWA3052 HWA3135 HWA2950 HWA2940 HWA2968 HWA2926 HWA3092 HWA2913 HWA3138 HWA2919 HWA18653 HWA2960 HWA2934 HWA3060 HWA2949 HWA2942 HWA2978 HWA2958 HWA2959 HWA3007 HWA2981 HWA3006 HWA3032 HWA2824 Revision Details By Check HWA2954 HWA3007 Suffix HWA3011 HWA3037 Check Date HWA3003 HWA3030 HWA2979 HWA2962 HWA3036 Purpose of Issue HWA2981 HWA2972 HWA3002 HWA3025 HWA3023 HWA3005 HWA3094 HWA3017 HWA2967 HWA3013 HWA3004 FINAL HWA2980 HWA2955 HWA3038 HWA3037 HWA3015 Client HWA2971 HWA3050 HWA3033 HWA3128 HWA3012 HWA3029 HWA3031 HWA2982 HWA2951 HWA2953 HWA3131 HWA3146 HWA3018 HWA3040 HWA3095 HWA3037 HWA3134 LAFARGE TARMAC HWA2963 HWA3051 HWA3034 HWA3100 HWA3024 HWA3150 HWA3096 Project Title HWA2970 HWA3146 HWA3009 HWA3093 HWA3101 HWA2983 HWA3132 HWA2974 HWA17933 HARTSHILL, WARWICKSHIRE HWA3008 HWA3035 HWA3132 HWA3152 HWA3149 HWA3099 HWA3131 HWA2973 HWA3054 HWA2985 HWA3057 HWA3019 HWA3190 HWA3152 HWA3152 HWA3027 HWA3097 HWA3098 Drawing Title HWA17930 HWA3148 HWA3055 HWA3049 HWA2644 HWA3147 HWA3053 FIGURE 4 HWA3048 HISTORIC LANDSCAPE ASSETS HWA3189 HWA3154 HWA3056 HWA3157 HWA3045 WITHIN 1KM STUDY AREA HWA3151 HWA3118 HWA3155 HWA3153 HWA16670 HWA3039 Drawn Checked Approved Date HWA3156 HWA3233 GB LO LO 29/08/2014 HWA18651 HWA3123 HWA3233 URS Internal Project No. Scale @ A3 HWA3114 HWA3131 HWA3045 47071493 1:12,500 HWA3117 HWA3113 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF URS' APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. URS ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY FOR HWA3233 ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR HWA3159 FOLLOWING URS' EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. HWA3162 URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited Scott House Alençon Link, Basingstoke Hampshire, RG21 7PP HWA3120 Telephone (01256) 310200 Fax (01256) 310201 HWA3232 www.ursglobal.com Drawing Number Rev
0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 km 47071493/AR/004 Rev File Name:K:\Newproje\47071493_Lafarge Tarmac_Hartshill North Warwks_DBA\Data\Graphics data\GRAPHICS-Data\GIS_Data\01-WIP\01_03-Project_Files\MXDs\FIGURE 4.mxd Name:K:\Newproje\47071493_LafargeTarmac_Hartshill File