DOCSLIB.ORG

Numerical Simulations of Snowpack Augmentation for Drought Mitigation Studies in the Colorado Rocky Mountains

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Numerical Simulations of Snowpack Augmentation for Drought Mitigation Studies in the Colorado Rocky Mountains Numerical Simulations of Snowpack Augmentation for Drought Mitigation Studies in the Colorado Rocky Mountains Final Report Submitted to U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Weather Damage Modification Program Denver Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 In Fulfillment of Financial Assistance Agreement No. 03-FC-81-0925 September 2005 Department of Natural Resources Colorado Water Conservation Board Flood Protection & Weather Modification Permitting Denver, Colorado 80203 Numerical Simulations of Snowpack Augmentation for Drought Mitigation Studies in the Colorado Rocky Mountains Final Report By Curt Hartzell, William Cotton, Ray McAnelly, Gustavo Carrió, Paul Mielke, Joe Busto, Steve Schmitzer, Larry Hjermstad, and Ross Williams Project Team for Research Project Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) Flood Protection & Weather Modification Permitting Section Joe Busto, Project Manager Denver Water (DW) Operational Cloud Seeding Program Steve Schmitzer Becky Dechant, Greg Bryant Project Consultant to CWCB & DW Curt Hartzell, CCM Consultant to CWCB for GIS Support Ross Williams Cloud Seeding Operations for DW Western Weather Consultants, LLC Larry Hjermstad Colorado State University Research Team Dr. Bill Cotton, PI Ray McAnelly, Gustavo Carrió, Paul Mielke, Brenda Thompson September 2005 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Tables iv List of Figures v List of Appendixes ix Acknowledgements x Colorado Weather Modification Grant Program xii Executive Summary xv Glossary and Acronyms xix 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Weather Damage Modification Program 1 1.2 Project Administration and Management 1 1.3 Current Status of Winter Orographic Cloud Seeding 2 1.4 Colorado Weather Modification Permit Program 4 1.5 Denver Water Operational Cloud Seeding Program 6 1.6 Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Modeling System 6 2. PROJECT OVERVIEW 10 2.1 Colorado WDMP Research Project Goal and Objectives 10 2.2 Denver Water 2003-2004 Operational Cloud-seeding Program 10 2.3 CWCB-CSU Interagency Agreement 16 2.4 Task 1 16 2.5 Task 2 20 2.6 Task 3 21 2.7 Task 4 24 2.8 Post-operational RAMS Control and Seed Runs 33 2.9 Task 5 35 2.10 Task 6 36 3. Results and Findings 38 3.1 Use of RAMS Real-time Forecast Output for Cloud Seeding Activities 38 3.2 Comparison of Model Control Precipitation and SNOTEL Observations 40 3.3 Comparison of Model Control and Seed Simulated Precipitation 55 3.4 Model Background and Seed Ice Forming Nuclei Concentrations 65 3.5 Distribution and Change of Model SLW for Control and Seed Days 73 3.6 Comparison of Rawinsonde and Model Low-level Temperatures 80 3.7 MRBP Evaluation of Model Performance 84 3.8 Lagrangian Model Simulation Transport and Dispersion Case Studies 86 4. Conclusions and Recommendations 103 4.1 Conclusions from the Colorado WDMP Research Project 103 4.2 Recommendations for Future Research and Operational Projects 105 iii LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.1 Operational cloud seeding summary for DW 2003-2004 13 Program Table 2.2 List of 30 cloud seeding days selected for evaluation 23 Table 2.3 Regimes identified for 30 selected days and Lagrangian 24 analyses Table 3.1 61-site/30-day Model and SNOTEL precipitation comparison 43 Table 3.2 SNOTEL site Ids used in 30-day analysis, grouped by area 46 Table 3.3 Average 30-day precipitation (mm) by SNOTEL areas 46 Table 3.4 Average multi-day simulated precipitation totals 55 Table 3.5 Case 1 comparison of Rawinsonde and RAMS 700-mb 82 temperatures Table 3.6 Case 2 comparison of Rawinsonde and RAMS 700-mb 82 temperatures Table 3.7 Results of MRBP analysis 85 Table 3.8 Generator sites used in Lagrangian analysis 88 Table 3.9 Average Meteorological Variable Over Generator and Target 97 Areas Table 3.10 Time Average Particle Statistics over Target Area – Vertical 98 Distribution Table 3.11 Time-average Particle Statistics Over Target Area - By Group 98 and Generator iv LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1.1 Countries with active cloud seeding programs 3 Figure 1.2 RAMS Grid 1 8 Figure 1.3 RAMS Grid 2 9 Figure 1.4 RAMS Grid 3 9 Figure 2.1 Intended target area for the DW 2003-2004 Program 11 Figure 2.2 WWC seeding generator site V1 12 Figure 2.3 Summit Ranch SNOTEL traces for Water Year 2004 15 Figure 2.4 Fremont Pass SNOTEL traces for Water Year 2004 15 Figure 2.5 RAMS 3-km fine grid with Denver Water Program target area 17 Figure 2.6 SW to NE topographic perspective view 18 Figure 2.7 W to E topographic perspective view 19 Figure 2.8 NW to SE topographic perspective view 19 Figure 2.9 SNOTEL sites in and near the DW Program target area 22 Figure 2.10 Example of RAMS 700 mb forecasts of wind flow and 26 temperature Figure 2.11 Example of surface wind flow and accumulated total 27 precipitation Figure 2.12 Example of a west to east cross-section through target area 28 Figure 2.13 Example of a north to south cross-section through target area 29 Figure 2.14 24-hr simulated precipitation ending Nov. 11, 2003, 0800 31 UTC Figure 2.15 Example of seed-control simulated precipitation difference 34 analysis v Figure 3.1 30-day total control run RAMS Grid 3 simulated precipitation 41 field Figure 3.2 Plot of 30-day total model vs. observed precipitation at 61 44 SNOTEL Sites Figure 3.3 The 61 SNOTEL sites used in project evaluations 45 Figure 3.4 24-hr Precipitation for SSW Wind Flow Regime 49 Figure 3.5 24-hr Precipitation for WSW Wind Flow Regime 50 Figure 3.6 24-hr Precipitation for WSW Wind Flow Regime #2 51 Figure 3.7 24-hr Precipitation for WNW Wind Flow Regime 52 Figure 3.8 24-hr Precipitation for NNW Wind Flow Regime 53 Figure 3.9 24-hr Precipitation for NNW Wind Flow Regime #2 54 Figure 3.10 30-day total Seed-Control Grid 3 precipitation difference 56 Figure 3.11 24-hr Seed-Control Precipitation for SSW Wind Flow Regime 58 Figure 3.12 24-hr Seed-Control Precipitation for WSW Wind Flow 59 Regime Figure 3.13 24-hr Seed-Control Precipitation for WSW Wind Flow 60 Regime #2 Figure 3.14 24-hr Seed-Control Precipitation for WNW Wind Flow 61 Regime Figure 3.15 24-hr Seed-Control Precipitation for NNW Wind Flow Regime 62 Figure 3.16 24-hr Seed-Control Precipitation for NNW Wind Flow Regime 63 #2 Figure 3.17 Vertically Integrated AgI Concentration for SSW Wind Flow 67 Regime Figure 3.18 Vertically Integrated AgI Concentration for WSW Wind Flow 68 Regime vi Figure 3.19 Vertically Integrated AgI Concentration for WSW Wind Flow 69 Regime #2 Figure 3.20 Vertically Integrated AgI Concentration for WNW Wind Flow 70 Regime Figure 3.21 Vertically Integrated AgI Concentration for NNW Wind Flow 71 Regime Figure 3.22 Vertically Integrated AgI Concentration for NNW Wind Flow 72 Regime #2 Figure 3.23 Vertically Inegrated SLW for SSW Wind Flow Regime 74 Figure 3.24 Vertically Inegrated SLW for WSW Wind Flow Regime 75 Figure 3.25 Vertically Inegrated SLW for WSW Wind Flow Regime #2 76 Figure 3.26 Vertically Inegrated SLW for WNW Wind Flow Regime 77 Figure 3.27 Vertically Inegrated SLW for NNW Wind Flow Regime 78 Figure 3.28 Vertically Inegrated SLW for NNW Wind Flow Regime #2 79 Figure 3.29 Vertically Inegrated SLW for NWS 700-mb analysis for 0000Z 81 January 29. 2004 Figure 3.30 RAMS Grid 2 temperature analysis for 0000Z January 29, 81 2004 Figure 3.31 NWS 700-mb analysis for 0000Z February 5, 2004 83 Figure 3.32 RAMS Grid 2 temperature analysis for 0000Z February 5, 83 2004 Figure 3.33 Locations of the 16-sites/4-groups used in the Lagrangian 87 studies Figure 3.34 Particle concentration fields (0-2 km AGL) for the Nov. 3, 90 2003 Figure 3.35 Particle concentration fields (0-2 km AGL) for the Jan. 2, 91 2004 vii Figure 3.36 Particle concentration fields (0-2 km AGL) for the Nov. 14, 92 2003 Figure 3.37 Particle concentration fields (0-2 km AGL) for the Nov. 26, 93 2003 Figure 3.38 Particle concentration fields (0-2 km AGL) for the Dec.15, 94 2003 Figure 3.39 Particle concentration fields (0-2 km AGL) for the Feb. 5, 95 2004 Figure 3.40 Particle concentration fields (0-50 m AGL) for the Jan. 2, 101 2004 Figure 3.41 Particle concentration fields (0-50 m AGL) for the Jan. 2, 102 2004 viii LIST OF APPENDIXES Appendix 1 – WWC Cloud-seeding Generator Sites Appendix 2 – NRCS SNOTEL Sites in Colorado Appendix 3 – February 4, 2003 Seeding Test Case Appendix 4 – WWC Daily Operational Notes Appendix 5 – SNOTEL Observed & Model Control Simulated 24-hr Precipitation Appendix 6 – Multivariate Randomized Block Permutation Evaluation Output ix ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Numerous organizations and individuals have made significant contributions to this scientific study entitled, “Numerical Simulations of Snowpack Augmentation for Drought Mitigation Studies in the Colorado Rocky Mountains.” Although the Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) staff was tasked with submitting the proposal on behalf of state of Colorado, bringing this project to fruition would not have been possible without the following agencies and individuals listed in subsequent paragraphs. Although not all of the project supporters can be acknowledged on this page, recognition of several of the more involved organizations and individuals is essential and appropriate. As population growth and reliance on Colorado’s water resources along the Front Range and outside our state borders continue to grow, we must seek a better understanding of harvesting atmospheric water resources for the benefit of current and future generations.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gunnison National Forest Travel Management Record of Decision
    APPENDICES A-D Gunnison National Forest Travel Management Record of Decision June 2010 Gunnison National Forest Travel Management Appendices for ROD — 1 Record of Decision (ROD) Gunnison National Forest Travel Management DECISION TABLE KEY FOR APPENDICES A-D Decision Code Description F Trail open to and designed for Foot travel l HO Trail designed for Pack and Saddle (P&S) use, allowed use is Foot and P&S U Unmanaged Foot/P&S trail, not a part of the maintained or signed trail system NM/MB Trail open to non-motorized uses, where trail is built to mountain bike trail design standards NM/HO Trail open to non-motorized uses, where trail is built to pack and saddle design standards MO Trail open to and designed for Single Track motorized travel ATV Trail open to and designed for motorized vehicles less than 50 inches in width JEEP OHV Trail - opened to all motorized vehicles, managed as a trail HC High clearance road (Level 2) open to motorized use; non licensed vehicles allowed PSG3 High clearance road (Level 2) open to motorized use; non licensed vehicles allowed PSG3_NNL High clearance road (Level 2) open to motorized use; non licensed vehicles allowed PSG4 Passenger vehicle road (Level 4) licensed and non-licensed vehicles allowed PSG5 Passenger vehicle road (Level 5) licensed vehicles only D Route is identified to be closed DE Route is currently decommissioned and will remain closed A Administrative road, motorized travel is allowed by permit A-TRAIL Non motorized trail allowing administrative use by motorized vehicles less than 50 in.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 / 2020 Annual Report ABOUT US the CBAC Is a 501C3 Non-Profit Avalanche Center
    2019 / 2020 annual report ABOUT US The CBAC is a 501c3 non-profit avalanche center Staff The unique and diverse snow climate, acres of pristine wilderness of the Elk Mountains and the remoteness of Crested Butte, Colorado, has presented challenges and limitations for Than Acuff statewide forecasting operations. The result is a need for accurate snow and avalanche information in the Gunnison Valley. From this need the Crested Butte Avalanche Center Executive Director (CBAC) was born in 2002. Unlike other government funded centers, the CBAC was Karen Williams started by volunteer forecasters issuing daily forecasts from a basement work station. Development Director Each year the CBAC strives to make huge improvements to meet the demands of our growing backcountry community. Forecasters our major goals each year are: Evan Ross Eric Morrow To provide the most accurate avalanche and weather information to Ian Havlick help all winter outdoor recreational users make the most informed Zach Kinler decisions when traveling in the winter backcountry environment. To secure enough funding to competitively pay and retain professional Board of Directors forecasters and staff, year after year. Keitha Kostyk To raise general public awareness about the Crested Butte Avalanche Center, President avalanches and safe backcountry travel through various community outreach events held throughout the winter. Steve Banks Chad Berardo Ben Breslauer Jim Duffy 5 ways for the general public to get the most John Dugenske accurate weather and avalanche info... Chris Read Seth Tucker Online at cbavalanchecenter.org Give us your email and we’ll send it to you every day! Tune into KBUT or KAYV daily at 8:00am and listen.
    [Show full text]
  • Ski Development in National Forests Harris D
    University of Colorado Law School Colorado Law Scholarly Commons The ubP lic Lands During the Remainder of the 20th Getches-Wilkinson Center Conferences, Century: Planning, Law, and Policy in the Federal Workshops, and Hot Topics Land Agencies (Summer Conference, June 8-10) 6-10-1987 Ski Development in National Forests Harris D. Sherman David S. Neslin Ian K. Whitlock Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.law.colorado.edu/public-lands-during- remainder-planning-law-and-policy-in-federal-land-agencies Part of the Administrative Law Commons, Animal Law Commons, Animal Studies Commons, Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, Courts Commons, Dispute Resolution and Arbitration Commons, Energy Law Commons, Energy Policy Commons, Environmental Law Commons, Environmental Policy Commons, Forest Management Commons, Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons, Judges Commons, Jurisdiction Commons, Land Use Planning Commons, Legislation Commons, Litigation Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Natural Resources Law Commons, Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons, Oil, Gas, and Mineral Law Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, Politics Commons, Property Law and Real Estate Commons, Recreation, Parks and Tourism Administration Commons, Soil Science Commons, State and Local Government Law Commons, Water Law Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Citation Information Sherman, Harris D.; Neslin, David S.; and Whitlock, Ian K., "Ski Development in National Forests" (1987). The Public Lands During the Remainder of the 20th Century: Planning, Law, and Policy in the Federal Land Agencies (Summer Conference, June 8-10). http://scholar.law.colorado.edu/public-lands-during-remainder-planning-law-and-policy-in-federal-land-agencies/16 Reproduced with permission of the Getches-Wilkinson Center for Natural Resources, Energy, and the Environment (formerly the Natural Resources Law Center) at the University of Colorado Law School.
    [Show full text]
  • Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests DRAFT Wilderness Evaluation Report August 2018
    United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests DRAFT Wilderness Evaluation Report August 2018 Designated in the original Wilderness Act of 1964, the Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness covers more than 183,000 acres spanning the Gunnison and White River National Forests. In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form.
    [Show full text]
  • Summits on the Air – ARM for USA - Colorado (WØC)
    Summits on the Air – ARM for USA - Colorado (WØC) Summits on the Air USA - Colorado (WØC) Association Reference Manual Document Reference S46.1 Issue number 3.2 Date of issue 15-June-2021 Participation start date 01-May-2010 Authorised Date: 15-June-2021 obo SOTA Management Team Association Manager Matt Schnizer KØMOS Summits-on-the-Air an original concept by G3WGV and developed with G3CWI Notice “Summits on the Air” SOTA and the SOTA logo are trademarks of the Programme. This document is copyright of the Programme. All other trademarks and copyrights referenced herein are acknowledged. Page 1 of 11 Document S46.1 V3.2 Summits on the Air – ARM for USA - Colorado (WØC) Change Control Date Version Details 01-May-10 1.0 First formal issue of this document 01-Aug-11 2.0 Updated Version including all qualified CO Peaks, North Dakota, and South Dakota Peaks 01-Dec-11 2.1 Corrections to document for consistency between sections. 31-Mar-14 2.2 Convert WØ to WØC for Colorado only Association. Remove South Dakota and North Dakota Regions. Minor grammatical changes. Clarification of SOTA Rule 3.7.3 “Final Access”. Matt Schnizer K0MOS becomes the new W0C Association Manager. 04/30/16 2.3 Updated Disclaimer Updated 2.0 Program Derivation: Changed prominence from 500 ft to 150m (492 ft) Updated 3.0 General information: Added valid FCC license Corrected conversion factor (ft to m) and recalculated all summits 1-Apr-2017 3.0 Acquired new Summit List from ListsofJohn.com: 64 new summits (37 for P500 ft to P150 m change and 27 new) and 3 deletes due to prom corrections.
    [Show full text]
  • An Archaeological Inventory in the Pike's Stockade Area, Conejos
    An Archaeological Inventory in the Pike’s Stockade Area, Conejos County, Colorado by Kevin D. Black Principal Investigator Colorado Historical Society with a contribution by Bruce Wahle Denver Chapter Colorado Archaeological Society Sponsored by Colorado Historical Society Office of the State Archaeologist of Colorado Program for Avocational Archaeological Certification Denver, Colorado Colorado State Permits #2004–21, 2005–6, 2006–41 October 2007 Abstract During the 2004–2006 field seasons, an archaeological survey was conducted east of Sanford, Colorado as part of the training available in the Program for Avocational Archaeological Certification (PAAC). The project thus used volunteers largely from the Colorado Archaeological Society (CAS) already enrolled in PAAC, supervised and trained by the Assistant State Archaeologist from the Colorado Historical Society. The inventory was completed on about 907 acres of the Pike’s Stockade State Historic Monument (PSSHM) in Conejos County, Colorado. The study tract encompassed a low shrubland environment on and around a volcanic mesa named Sierro del Ojito, bordering the wooded floodplain of the Conejos River, at elevations of 2,296–2,495 m. This area was intensively surveyed primarily to train PAAC volunteers in archaeological inventory and mapping methods. In addition, this portion of southern Colorado had been the subject of relatively little archaeological research interest, and the PSSHM—as a regional property of the Colorado Historical Society—made a logical choice for a PAAC survey project. As a result of the survey a total of 37 sites and 26 isolated finds (IFs) were recorded, including both American Indian and non-Indian materials. Historic period non-Indian sites comprise a rather diverse mix of artifact scatters, cairns, fences, stone enclosures, and rock inscriptions related primarily to ranching and recreational activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowstone Center for Resources
    YELLOWSTONE CENTER FOR RESOURCES SPATIAL A naly sis es rc u o s RESOUR e CE R N L A T A U R R U A T L L U R e C s o u r r c c e s I nfo rmation R ES EA RCH Support ANNUAL2001 REPORT YELLOWSTONE CENTER FOR RESOURCES 2001 ANNUAL REPORT Hand-painted Limoges bowl, Lower Falls of the Yellowstone, ca. 1910. Part of the Davis Collection acquired in 2001. Yellowstone Center for Resources National Park Service Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming YCR–AR–2001 2002 In memory of Donay Hanson 1960–2001 Suggested Citation: Yellowstone Center for Resources. 2002. Yellowstone Center for Resources Annual Report, 2001. National Park Service, Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyoming, YCR–AR–2001. Photographs not otherwise marked are courtesy of the National Park Service. Front cover: clockwise from top right, Beatrice Miles of the Nez Perce Tribe; Yellowstone cutthroat trout; Golden Gate Bridge by W. Ingersoll, circa 1880s, from the Susan and Jack Davis Collection; low northern sedge (Carex concinna) by Jennifer Whipple; and center, Canada lynx. Back cover: mountain chickadee. ii Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................ iv Part I. Resource Highlights ............................................................................... 1 Part II. Cultural Resource Programs ............................................................... 7 Archeology ...................................................................................................... 8 Ethnography .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Survey
    DEPAETMENT OP THE INTEBIOE BULLETIN OP THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ]STo. 5 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PKINTING- .OFFICE 1884 UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY J. W. POWELL DIRECTOR A. DICTIONARY OF ALTITUDES THE UNITED STATES COMPILED BY HENRY GANNETT CHIEF GEOGRAPHER WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTPNG OFFICE 1884 LETTER OF TBANSMITAL. DEPARTMENT'OF THE INTERIOR, UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, Washington, D. 0., November 1,1883, SIR : I have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript of a Dic­ tionary of Altitudes. The work of making a compilation of measure­ ments of altitude was commenced by me under the auspices of the Geological Survey of the Territories, by which organization three differ­ ent editions of the results were published, under the title of " Lists of Elevations," in the years 1873, 1875, and ,1877, respectively. These earlier editions related principally to that portion of the country west of the Mississippi River. The present work embraces within its scope the whole country. The elevations are tabulated by States and Terri­ tories, alphabetic arrangement being observed throughout. Yery respectfully, yours, HENRY GANNETT, Chief Geographer. Hon. J. W. POWELL, Director United States Geological Survey. (129) CONTENTS Page. Letter of transmittal...................................................... 5 Table of contents.......................................................... 7 Discussion of authorities......................... .$........................ 9 Abbreviations of names of railroads........................................ 17
    [Show full text]
  • Legend UNCOMPAHGRE B K Ru E S H Cre Cr E WILDERNESS LAKE CITY Ek Ceboll A
    Upper Gunnison River 133 Water Conservancy District Schofield Snotel Upper Taylor Snotel S la MAROON BELLS te R SNOWMASS iv e r WILDERNESS e l COLLEGIATE d d i PEAKS M WILDERNESS GOTHIC ek re Crested C h s u 133 r Butte B 317 RAGGEDS Meridian Lake Division WILDERNESS Reservoir 734 MT CRESTED BUTTE k 811 Cree h u s Br 4 Crested Butte IRWIN Cree CRESTED Snotel xas k k Te e e 12 BUTTE r 738 C Coal Creek t n e m e C Taylor Park 209 k e e Reservoir r C C ow ree 135 g C k rin Park Cone 740 p Taylor E S a Snotel 765 st Willow C R ree C k a iv River 55 rbo e n r Creek Division 742 737 Lot tis r Cree ve k Taylor Ri Willow TINCUP C r e e k Ohio Creek 744 E 6 749 813 a s Division t FOSSIL RIDGE 727 Mill Creek 742 WILDERNESS r (north) Beaver C B WEST ELK e a v WILDERNESS O e C h r i r k o y ee t C st r s 7 r al C C C e reek e r e p e k a W ek o ek S e r 730 h C t r k l o E N k W e e il r lo w C C k z r t e e r e e a r dle k u Mid 818 C k 8 Q ee ld r 9 o z C k rt G a e u e Q A r n 135 C PITKIN t r el e o d 771 pe 743 l E C A l r k ee C k 11 r West e 10 e k E 17 k a ee s OHIO r t C S 14 Quartz t e 13 CITY u b e 15 n C GUNNISON r 52 e e k 49 76 18 39 Tomichi WHITEPINE 20A Gunnison Division 42 20 726 Whitewater Park 38 32 Porphyry 40 h 75 lc Creek 92 u 44 50 G 887 e 43 Snotel k c e n e r ison R a Gunn C h s C g n 888 Blue Mesa Reservoir ri S p tubb S s 50 t 149 G 114 o u H G l o c 50 ld h Gunnison Bas i 45 n 62 C Tomi k c r h i C A e e ga River e r te C k e 46 e re e r k ek C 47 e n i Division P 50 Lo SARGENTS n 25 g 26 B ra n c h M ll Cre 64 ars ha
    [Show full text]
  • Colorado Dust on Snow Project Center for Snow and Avalanche Studies Water Plan Grant Application November 2019 Board Meeting
    Colorado Dust on Snow Project Center for Snow and Avalanche Studies Water Plan Grant Application November 2019 Board Meeting DETAIL S Total Project Cost: $520,000 Water Plan Grant Request: $125,000 Recommended amount: $0 Other CWCB Funding: $0 Other Funding Amount: $395,000 Applicant Match: $0 Project Type(s): Study Project Categories: Water Storage, Conservation LOCATIO N and Land Use, Engagement & Innovation, and County/Counties: Ouray County Base Environment and Recreation. Drainage Basin: Statewide Measurable Result: Information produced used for water management decisions The Center for Snow & Avalanche Studies (CSAS) is an independent, not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization that operates the Colorado dust-on-snow (CODOS) Program. Our Senator Beck Basin Study Area (www.snowstudies.org) serves the mountain science community and regional resource managers by hosting and conducting interdisciplinary research and sustaining integrative 24/7/365 monitoring of weather, snowpack, radiation, soils, plant community and hydrologic signals of regional climate trends. Senator Beck Basin is also the home of the Colorado Dust-on-Snow Program (www.codos.org/#codos) which monitors and forecasts, on behalf of the water management community, dust-on-snow conditions and impacts on Colorado snowmelt runoff behavior throughout the State. The CODOS Project is an applied science effort on behalf of the Colorado water community. Senator Beck Basin Study Area (SBB) at Red Mountain Pass is the “sentry site” for dust-on-snow monitoring in the Colorado Mountains. This Project spans multiple basins, ten additional passes are monitored throughout the season. In addition to dust presence, severity and location in the snowpack, collected data includes other variables essential to water professionals, streamflow forecasting, and model calibration/verification.
    [Show full text]
  • Gunnison Basin Federal Lands Travel Management Record of Decision
    Appendices A-C Gunnison Basin Federal Lands Travel Management Record of Decision Gunnison Basin Travel Management ROD — 1 Record of Decision (ROD) t Gunnison Basin Federal Lands Travel Management DECISION TABLE KEY FOR APPENDIX A-C Decision Code Description F Trail open to and designed for Foot travel l HO Trail designed for Pack and Saddle (P&S) use, allowed use is Foot and P&S U Unmanaged Foot/P&S trail, not a part of the maintained or signed trail system NM/MB Trail open to non-motorized uses, where trail is built to mountain bike trail design standards NM/HO Trail open to non-motorized uses, where trail is built to pack and saddle design standards MO Trail open to and designed for Single Track motorized travel ATV Trail open to and designed for motorized vehicles less than 50 inches in width JEEP OHV Trail - opened to all motorized vehicles, managed as a trail HC High clearance road (Level 2) open to motorized use; non licensed vehicles allowed PSG3 Passenger vehicle road (Level 3) open to motorized use; non licensed vehicles allowed PSG3_NNL Passenger vehicle road (Level 3) open to motorized use; non licensed vehicles not allowed PSG4 Passenger vehicle road (Level 4) licensed and non-licensed vehicles allowed PSG5 Passenger vehicle road (Level 5) licensed vehicles only D Route is identified to be closed DE Route is currently decommissioned and will remain closed A Administrative road, motorized travel is allowed by permit A-TRAIL Non motorized trail allowing administrative use by motorized vehicles less than 50 in.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological Excavations at the Yarmony Pit House Site, Eagle County, Colorado
    BLM LIBRARY States Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Colorado ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS AT THE YARMONY PIT HOUSE SITE Eagle County, Colorado Michael D. Metcalf and Kevin D. Black CULTURAL RESOURCE SERIES NUMBER 31 r^tfv^ £>'& zyimitfi 12 .CjL /f ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS AT C. 2- THE YARMONY PIT HOUSE SITE EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO By Michael D. Metcalf and Kevin D. Black Colorado State Office ^/^O, ^ Bureau of Land Management ^^Oj/^ H Denver, Colorado *C ^ 1991 ^O" ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS AT THE YARMONY PIT HOUSE SITE, EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO by Michael D. Metcalf and Kevin D. Black with contributions by Ronald J. Rood Richard F. Madole Susan K. Short Margaret A. Van Ness Anne McKibbin Minette C. Church Bret Overturf prepared by Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc, Eagle , Colorado prepared for Eagle County Road and Bridge Department and Bureau of Land Management Craig District Kremmling Resource Area . COPIES OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE AVAILABLE FROM: Colorado State Office Bureau of Land Management 2850 Youngfield Street Lakewood, Colorado 80215-7076 or Craig District Office Bureau of Land Management 455 Emerson Street Craig, Colorado 81625 THIS DOCUMENT IS IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN AND MAY BE QUOTED. IF PORTIONS OF THIW WORK ARE USED, PLEASE CREDIT EITHER THE AUTHOR (S) AND /OR THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT Cover Photograph: Colorado River and the Gore Range Series Production: Frederic J. Athearn li FOREWORD One of the most important tools in archaeology for interpreting the past is a scientifically controlled method of excavation that is used to reveal important sites. The Yarmony Pit House excavation demonstrates how an archaeological site that seemingly might not be spectacular on the surface can yield extremely significant data.
    [Show full text]