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Document with TMG Logo And November 2012 Opportunities for Private Sector Investment in the Malawian Agricultural Sector Prepared by Methodology Information contained in this report was captured and qualified over a four-month period by Monitor Group. The data used to inform the recommendations was derived from both primary and secondary research. As part of this research, more than 75 individuals—representing a cross-section of agribusinesses, investors, donors, NGOs, and public sector actors across Malawi—were interviewed in order to gather a wide range of perspectives on agricultural investment opportunities and key enabling environment requirements. Disclaimer This report was written by Monitor Group, an independent, global management consultancy firm with funding provided by USAID as technical assistance to the Malawian Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security. Information and prospectuses shared within should not be regarded as an offer to buy, sell, or otherwise deal with any investment referred to herein. Contact For more information, please contact: Mr. Daisi Kachingwe Desk Officer for the Trade and Marketing Unit Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security [email protected] Dr. Jeffrey H. Luhanga, PhD Principle Secretary Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security [email protected] Acronyms & Abbreviations ACE African Commodity Exchange AfDB African Development Bank AH Auction Holdings ASWAp Agriculture Sector Wide Approach BESTAP Business Environment Strengthening Technical Assistance Project CAADP Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Programme CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate CFM Caminhos de Ferro de Mocambique CLIN Northern Integrated Logistical Corridor COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa CDI Clinton Development Initiative CSB Corn Soya Blend DCAFS Donor Community on Agriculture and Food Security EDF Export Development Fund ESCOM Electricity Supply Corporation of Malawi EU European Union FANPRAN Food, Agriculture and National Resources Policy Analysis Network FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FDI Foreign Direct Investment FISP Farm Input Subsidy Programme FUM Farmers Union of Malawi GBI Green Belt Initiative GDP Gross Domestic Product GoM Government of Malawi HQCF High Quality Cassava Flour IFPRI International Food and Policy Research Institute IMF International Monetary Fund IPS Integrated Production System MBS Malawi Bureau of Standards MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation MCCCI Malawi Confederation of Chambers of Commerce MDG Millennium Development Goals MGDS Malawi Growth and Development Strategy MITC Malawi Investment & Trade Centre MWK Malawian Kwacha MoAFS Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security MoEDP Ministry of Economic Development and Planning MoF Ministry of Finance MoIT Ministry of Industry and Trade MoL Ministry of Land 3 MoNREE Ministry of Natural Resources, Energy, and Environment MoT Ministry of Transport MRA Malawi Revenue Authority MWK Malawian Kwacha NASFAM National Smallholder Farmers Association of Malawi NGO Nongovernmental Organization NES National Export Strategy OPC Office of the President and Cabinet PACE The Presidential Advisory Committee on the Economy PIPaH Presidential Initiative for Poverty and Hunger Reduction PPP Public Private Partnership RBM Reserve Bank of Malawi RUTF Ready to Use Therapeutic Food SACCO Savings and Credit Cooperatives SADC Southern African Development Community SGR Strategic Grain Reserve SHF Smallholder Farmer SWAp Sector Wide Approach UNDP United Nations Development Programme USAID United States Agency for International Development USD United States Dollar WFP World Food Program bn Billion Ha Hectare km Kilometer mm Millimeter mn Million MT Metric Ton sq km Square Kilometer 4 Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................... 8 1. Purpose and Intended Audience ...................................................................... 13 2. Economic Overview of Malawi ......................................................................... 14 2.1. About Malawi ................................................................................................................... 14 2.2. Economic Performance .................................................................................................... 14 2.3. Currency Stability, Inflation and FDI .............................................................................. 15 2.4. Ease of Doing Business .................................................................................................... 17 3. Agriculture in Malawi ...................................................................................... 19 3.1. Agro-Ecological Zones ...................................................................................................... 19 3.2. The Latent Potential of Lake Malawi ............................................................................... 21 3.3. Land Availability ............................................................................................................. 22 3.4. Market Potential .............................................................................................................. 23 3.5. Labor Participation in Agriculture .................................................................................. 26 3.6. Major Crop Statistics ....................................................................................................... 28 3.7. Recent Investment Activity ............................................................................................. 33 4. Government Initiatives to Accelerate Investments in Agriculture .................... 35 4.1. Sector Strategies to Harmonize Interventions ................................................................. 35 4.2. Policy Reforms to Foster an Improved Business Enabling Environment ....................... 37 4.3. Investment Incentives to Drive Private Sector Participation ......................................... 38 4.4. Support of and Co-investment in Turnkey Projects to Develop Necessary Infrastructure .......................................................................................................................... 39 5. Key Risks and Mitigation Strategies ................................................................. 42 5.1. Political and Regulatory Risks ........................................................................................ 42 5.2. Financial Risks .................................................................................................................45 5.3. Supply Chain Risks .......................................................................................................... 46 5.4. Market Risks .................................................................................................................... 49 6. Investment Opportunities in Malawian Agriculture ......................................... 52 6.1. Short-Term Investment Opportunities ............................................................................52 6.2. Medium- to Long-Term Investment Opportunities ........................................................ 68 6.3. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 75 7. Further Information and Contact Details......................................................... 76 8. Appendix ......................................................................................................... 77 8.1. Framework for Prioritizing Investment Opportunities ................................................... 77 5 Table of Figures Figure 1: Map of Malawi, and Location in Africa .......................................................................................... 8 Figure 2: Map of Malawi ............................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 3: Annual GDP of Malawi (2006 – 2011), and Sector Contribution (2011) ...................................... 15 Figure 5: FDI Inflows to SADC Countries (2010) .......................................................................................... 16 Figure 4: FDI Inflows to Malawi .................................................................................................................. 16 Figure 6: Ease of Doing Business Performance vs. SADC Countries & sub-Saharan Africa Average .......... 17 Figure 7: Key Characteristics of Agro-Ecological Zones .............................................................................. 19 Figure 8: Agro-Ecological Map .................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 9: Malawi Water Bodies ................................................................................................................... 21 Figure 10: Average Number of Smallholder Farmers and Average Area Cultivated by Crop ..................... 23 Figure 11: Gross National Income per Capita (USD) ................................................................................... 24 Figure 12: Economic Indicators for SADC Countries ................................................................................... 25 Figure 13: Total Value of Exports for SADC Countries, 2010 ...................................................................... 25 Figure 14: Malawi Exports to SADC Countries (2003 - 2009) .....................................................................
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