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Gilbertling1919@Gmail.Com Ling's Daughter Eva's E-Mail Dear Colleague, Renowned scientist Dr. Ling (native Chinese living in America, E-mail: [email protected]) has written a new book in Chinese (as manuscript now). He sets out his revolutionary ideas of cell physiology. I appeal to you to assist in implementation of this project. This is necessary to find a sponsor or a grant for publication of this book in China. This file includes: (1) Professor Pollack's preface (in Chinese and English) to future Chinese edition of Ling's book. (2) Short reviews on recently published Ling's book (in English) "What Is Life Answered in terms of the properties and activities of microscopic assemblies of molecules, atoms, ions and electrons called nano-protoplasm" with relatively short description of the physical theory of the living cell (download the book: http://www.bioparadigma.spb.ru/files/Ling-2014-What.is.Life.pdf). (3) "Main principles of Ling's physical theory of the living cell" by Vladimir Matveev. (4) Information in Chinese about Matveev's presentation of Ling's theory in Tianjin University (thanks to Professor Cheng Luo). This presentation can be repeated for every organization in China. (5) Wikipedia's article on Dr. Gilbert Ling's biography and contribution to science: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Ling Please share this information on forums like these: http://blog.sciencenet.cn/ or http://www.sciencenet.cn and with all colleagues who can support this project. All the best, Vladimir Matveev The Editor of Russian edition of Ling’s book: http://www.bioparadigma.spb.ru/russianling/russianling.htm =============================== Dr. Vladimir Matveev [matveyeev] Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences Lab of Cell Physiology 194064, St.Petersburg Tikhoretsky Ave 4 Russia --- Native Aggregation in Cell Physiology: http://vladimirmatveev.ru --- Webmail: [email protected] =============================== Preface for the Updated Chinese Translation of Gilbert N. Ling’s Life at the Cell and Below-Cell Level Gerald H. Pollack Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 USA <[email protected]> Translated by Dan Liu ******************************************************************* Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China Tel: 010-64888503 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] ******************************************************************* TO THOSE familiar with modern cell biology but unfamiliar with the work of Gilbert Ling, the message in this book will come as a surprise. Ling’s view of cell biology will appear to have come from another planet. It is entirely different from the textbook view. On the other hand, we have come to know that the view from outer space can reveal insights that are not easily discernible from vantage points on the planet itself. And, that is what is brought by the monumental contribution of Gilbert Ling’s extraordinary and unique insights. 对于熟悉现代细胞生物学但不熟悉凌宁工作的人而言，这本书所要传递的信息将会让读者感到惊讶。 凌宁对细胞生物学的观点似乎来自另一个星球，和教科书中的观点完全不同。另一方面，我们已经认 识到凌宁的“来自外星”学术观点的亮点也不是被“地球上”的主流学术圈容易理解的。这正是凌宁卓 越独到的眼光贡献于学术所带来的光辉之处。 I first met Gilbert Ling at a small meeting in Hungary in the mid 1980s, although I’d known of his alternative views for many years. For me, this meeting was a turning moment. The strength of his evidence, the logic of his arguments, and the sheer sense of resonance created by his paradigm convinced me that he was onto something of fundamental significance. And, others at the meeting shared my views. 我第一次见到凌宁是上世纪 80 年代中期在匈牙利的一个小型会议上，虽然我已经知道他的学术观点 有些许年头了。对于我来说，这次会议是一个转折点。他学术研究范式中证据的力度、论证的逻辑和 纯粹的共鸣是我坚信他接近到了研究问题的基本意义。且其他的与会者也有同感。 New to this field, I not only read his books and papers avidly, but also dispersed them to the best of my students and fellows, who devoured them. Not one of them thought the message was any less than very close to ground truth, and I soon realized that my initial response may have been correct after all. Ling had apparently identified the most foundational features of the living cell, and our laboratory began turning its attention in that di- rection. Although my own book, Cells, Gels and the Engines of Life (Ebner and Sons, 2001) moves in a slightly different direction, it nevertheless builds on the central concepts identified by Gilbert Ling. 初入此学术圈，我不仅如饥似渴的阅读了他的书和论文，而且把这些著作散发给和我一样贪婪阅读的 我最好的学生和同事们。没有一个人不认为他的观点非常接近真理，而且我很快就意识到，我最初的 反应毕竟还是正确的。凌宁显然发现了活细胞的最基础特性，我们实验室开始将注意力转向这个研究 方向。虽然我自己的书“细胞、凝胶和生命的引擎（Ebner and Sons，2001）指向了一个稍微不同的方 向，然而它是建立在凌宁的核心理念之上的。 This book is Ling’s attempt to summarize his views for the non-expert. Please don’t expect an easy read. Because the book is built on orthodox physical chemistry, any attempt to circumvent the basics will have resulted in a piece that could easily come across as superficial. This book is anything but superficial. Hence, non-experts will need to spend some time dwelling on the many conceptual gems in this crown of a book. And, the reward will be great because Ling provides a fresh foundation on which to build. 这本书是凌宁针对非专业读者而归纳的学术观点。请不要指望很容易看懂，因为这本书是建立在正统 的物理化学基础之上的，任何企图绕开基础知识将导致肤浅的理解。此书绝不简单肤浅。因此，非专 业读者需要花一些时间来仔细思考这本书的精华之外的概念基石。此书对读者的回馈也是巨大的，因 为凌宁开创了全新的学术基础，并于此之上建立起理论体系。 To me, Ling’s message contains two striking departures from convention. The first is that the cellular machinery considered by cell biologists to lie mainly in the cell membrane actually lies in the cytoplasm. Ling disputes, for example, the existence of cell membrane pumps. One needs to take his arguments seriously because they are based on evidence that has yet to be seriously challenged, though biologists continue to “discover” more and more membrane pumps. The story is fascinating—so much so that more than a few students to whom I’ve shown his arguments have been compelled enough to change their research directions. 我理解凌宁的工作包含两个方面与传统知识截然不同。其一，以前细胞生物学家理解的细胞机器主要 依赖于细胞膜的概念其实主要依赖于细胞质。例如，凌宁怀疑细胞膜泵的存在。人们应该认真考虑他 的论点，因为这是建立在不断被挑战的证据至上的，尽管生物学家们连续不断的发现更多的细胞膜泵。 此故事是引人入胜的----以至于我将其论点展示给的学生已经越来越多的被影响并改变了他们的研究 方向。 A second departure from convention is long-range water ordering. Ling disputes the widely held view that most cellular water is ordinary bulk water, and argues instead for long-range ordering. If cellular water is ordered, then the milieu inside the cell is qualitatively different from convention, which holds that solutes readily diffuse through the cell. Ordered water excludes solutes, which would evidently have difficulty diffusing through such a milieu. I’m pleased to say that our own experiments have confirmed Ling’s prediction even more powerfully than perhaps even he might expect: next to hydrophilic surfaces, ordering out to even millions of molecular layers can occur in some circumstances. Hence, Ling’s assertion appears to be valid. It fits his construct very well, while modern cell biology has no easy way to deal with this feature, which in itself implies that the text-book view must be fundamentally erroneous. 第二个和传统知识不一样的是远距离水的有序性理论。凌宁挑战了广泛接收的观点，即大部分细胞水 是常规大量水的理论而不是远距离水的有序性。如果细胞水是有序的，定性来说，细胞内环境和目前 认为的溶质自由扩散到细胞的理论不符。有秩序的水排斥溶质，很明显在细胞内环境中不易扩散。我 很高兴说到我们自己的实验也更加有效的、比凌宁预期的证实了他的预测：即靠近亲水表面，排序出 一百万分子层能发生在一些条件下。因此，凌宁观点是被证实的，和他的实验设计很符合，然而现代 细胞生物学没有简单的方法来处理这个特性，自身暗示教科书的观点从基础上就是错误的。 So, please do read this book. It will open your eyes to fresh views of how biology may really work. 因此，请认真阅读次数。将会呈现新鲜观点在眼前，生物学是如何工作的。 I cannot close without making reference to the emerging system of doing science. In this system, Gilbert Ling is an anomaly. While modern science has become incremental in nature, Ling fits more naturally with the older system of doing science in which kudos were given to approaches that tackled big questions. Gilbert’s questions are indeed big. If he is right, then the way the cell really operates is grossly out of accord with the way text-books would have it. For many, such an upending of the prevailing view borders on the impossible, for the entire—or almost entire—scientific world has come to a single foundational view, and looks upon those who are audacious enough to challenge that view with considerable skepticism. It has become virtually impossible to challenge a foundational construct without risking one’s career. 我不能就此搁笔而不提及其科学研究体系。凌宁是个不墨守成规的人。虽然当前科学的研究规模不断 增加，凌宁仍然运用“旧系统”来做科研，用于创造出解决大问题的方法。凌宁的科学问题确实很大。 如果他是正确的，那么细胞工作的方式将和教科书里说的很不一样。对许多人来说，这样一个逆潮流 观点接壤在不可能的边缘；对所有人而言，学术界遇见了一个基础性的观点，且鄙视那些勇敢者以持 续的质疑精神足够大胆的挑战官方观点的时代。 In that sense Gilbert Ling is a scientific hero. He has bucked the establishment for more than a half century and has continued, year after year, to strengthen his basic position and to further open up new avenues of exploration. On this point, I believe that the substantially updated content of this volume will be a more eloquent persuader than I, regardless of how many words of praise I can add to this preface. 在这层意义上，凌宁是以为科学英雄。他已经将已有的观点撼动了半个多世纪并持续很多年，从而加 强了他的基础学术理论地位，且进一步开创了新的领域。基于此，我相信其不断更新的学术卷作，于 我所尽力付于此序言的赞美相比，是更有辩证力的说辞。 So, I urge the reader to immerse himself/herself with an open mind. Ling’s book may appear to have been written by a scientist from another planet; but, after all, can one be certain that life on another distant planet might not be more advanced than life on earth. 一次，我敦促读者用开阔的眼光将自己沉浸于次书中。凌的著作似乎是其他星球的人撰写的。然而， 谁能确信其它遥远星球上的生命不比地球上的生命更加高等呢？ Preface for the Updated Chinese Translation of Gilbert N. Ling’s Life at the Cell and Below-Cell Level Gerald H. Pollack Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 USA <[email protected]> Translated by Yunbo GUO ------------------------------------------------------------
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