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Evaluating the Ecological Capability of Agriculture in Estahban County

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Evaluating the Ecological Capability of Agriculture in Estahban County ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﻗﺘﺼﺎد و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﯾﺮان DOI: 10.22059/ijaedr.2018.259880.668614 دوره 2-50, ﺷﻤﺎره 2، 1398 (265-280) Evaluating the Ecological Capability of Agriculture in Estahban County SOROUSH KHALILI 1*, HAMID SOLTANINEJAD2 AND JAMILEH TAVAKOLINIA3 1, 2, Master's Degree Students of Geography and Urban Planning, Earth Sciences Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 3, Associate Professor of Human Geography, Earth Sciences Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran (Received: Jul. 25, 2018- Accepted: Dec. 24, 2018) ABSTRACT Land use planning based on its ecological capability has a significant role in environmental management and in preventing environmental degradation in the direction of sustainable development. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to determine the ecological capability of agriculture and to select the most suitable places to allocate to this land use in Estahban county, Fars province. Descriptive-analytical method was used to measure the ecological capability of the study area. In this research, the multi-criteria decision making process has a very functional role to play by using the GIS. Due to the fact that part of the county of Estahban has protected areas and since there is no possibility of farming in these areas, the analysis and calculations of the present research have been carried out without considering the area of the mentioned part. The results showed that 77 percent of the land area of Estahban county is located in the ideal location for users, and only 23 percent of it remains in compliance with the land use and ecological capability of the county. According to the ecological capability of the study area, nearly 19% of the county's land is in a suitable and very suitable agricultural area. Also, the results showed that around 308 square kilometers of agricultural land use in Estahban county is contradictory with its ecological capability, but it is much less than 50 percent, and the prevailing area of the county has favorable environmental conditions. Altogether, by policy-making, stopping the horizontal development of the city in the peri-urban agricultural lands, extending agricultural use in the southeastern direction of the county, creation of agricultural-related conversion industries, establishment of factories of fig tree products such as jam making, creation of producer organizations for fig producers and support and strengthen existing organizations, hold training programs for farmers on water management and storage, and preventing unbridled migrations of villagers to the periphery of cities, can help to improve agriculture in places with capability and to prevent further degradation of such lands. Keywords: Ecological capacity evaluation, Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Estahban county, Agriculture, Geographic information system (GIS). * ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل: ﺳﺮوش ﺧﻠﯿﻠﯽ E-mail: [email protected] 266 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﻗﺘﺼﺎد و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﯾﺮان دوره 2-50، ﺷﻤﺎره 2، 1398 ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻬﺒﺎن ﺳﺮوش ﺧﻠﯿﻠﯽ1*، ﺣﻤﯿﺪ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻧﯽﻧﮋاد2 و ﺟﻤﯿﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﮐﻠﯽﻧﯿﺎ3 1، 2، داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ارﺷﺪ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﺷﻬﺮي، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم زﻣﯿﻦ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺑﻬﺸﺘﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان 3، داﻧﺸﯿﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎ و آﻣﺎﯾﺶ، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم زﻣﯿﻦ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺑﻬﺸﺘﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان (ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ: 3/5/97- ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺐ: 97/10/3) ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ آن، ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﺰاﯾﯽ در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار دارد. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮐﺮدن ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻬﺒﺎن، واﻗﻊ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ دﻗﯿﻖ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎره ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻘﺸﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي دارد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻬﺒﺎن داراي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و از آﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻣﮑﺎن ﮐﺸﺎورزي وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﻫﺎ و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺪون در ﻧﻈﺮﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﯾﺎد ﺷﺪه اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد 77 درﺻﺪ از ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ اراﺿﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻬﺒﺎن از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﮑﺎنﮔﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎ، در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﯾﺪهآل ﻗﺮار دارد و ﺗﻨﻬﺎ 23 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﻗﯿﻤﺎﻧﺪه از آن، ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ و ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن را رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻧﮑﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺑﻪ 19 درﺻﺪ اراﺿﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن در ﻃﯿﻒ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻗﺮﯾﺐ ﺑﻪ 308 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ از ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻬﺒﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ آن ﻣﻐﺎﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از 50 درﺻﺪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن، داراي ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪي از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺑﺎ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ- ﮔﺬاري و ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻓﻘﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ در اراﺿﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺸﺖ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﮐﺸﺎورزي در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن، اﯾﺠﺎد ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي، اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﺠﺎت ﻓﺮآوردهﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﯿﺮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺑﺎﺳﺎزي، اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﺸﮑﻞﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪي اﻧﺠﯿﺮﮐﺎران و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ و ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺗﺸﮑﻞﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺸﺎورزان در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ و ذﺧﯿﺮه آب و ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮتﻫﺎي ﺑﯽروﯾﻪ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪاي ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﮐﺸﺎورزي در ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎي داراي ﺗﻮان ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﺮد و از ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻗﺒﯿﻞ اراﺿﯽ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﻮد. واژهﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي: ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ (AHP)، ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻬﺒﺎن، ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ (GIS). ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪاري اراﺿﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي در ﻧﻈﺎم- اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ زﻣﯿﻦ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ Nabizadeh) دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﭘﺎﯾﺪار از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار (et al., 2018. ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر اﺳﺖ (Moridsadat et al., 2018). ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨﮓ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺳﺮوﮐﺎر دارد، ﺑﺮاي داﺷﺘﻦ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﺧﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران: ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮐﺸﺎورزي... 267 ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ و ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ، ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ آﻧﺎن ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺮاغ آنﻫﺎ رود. اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﻧﺴﺎن از ﻋﻠﻤﯽ روزاﻓﺰون ﺗﻮان ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ ,.Yousefi et al) ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ، در واﻗﻊ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺟﻮﯾﯽ از ﺗﮏ ﺗﮏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﯾﺎد ﺷﺪه (2016. اﺳﺖ. اﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده اﻧﺴﺎن از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯿﺎت ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ را اﺛﺒﺎت ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ، ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻧﺪارد، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺪاﺧﻞ اﯾﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪاي ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻋﻠﻢ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ از ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد اﺳﺘﻌﺪادﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك، آب و ﻫﻮا و ﻣﺮدم ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺧﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ، (Makhdoum, 2012). ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻮان و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎزده ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪي ﺧﻮﯾﺶ ﻧﯿﺰ اﻓﺰوده اﺳﺖ. ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري اﻧﻮاع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺣﻔﻆ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻧﯿﺰ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ از از اﺑﺰار ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﯾﺠﺎد ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻗﺎﺑﯿﻠﺖﻫﺎ و ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪيﻫﺎي آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺮ واﺿﺢ ﮔﺮدد. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖﻫﺎ و ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪيﻫﺎي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﺪون رﻋﺎﯾﺖ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﭘﯿﺶ از ﺑﺎرﮔﺬاري ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻫﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﺑﯽﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. در واﻗﻊ، ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﮔﻔﺖ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. در ﻏﯿﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻼش در ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺖ (Hataminejad et al., 2013). ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ از اﺳﺘﻤﺮار اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﺷﺪه، ﻋﻤﻼً ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﮔﺬاريﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﮑﻪ ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪر ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ رﻓﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﺷﺪ (ﺣﺘﯽ در ﺻﻮرت ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺘﻌﺪادﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭼﺸﻢاﻧﺪازﻫﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ و در اﯾﻦ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي- اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آن ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي) اﺟﺮاي آن زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اﺷﺘﺒﺎه در ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي زﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻃﺮح ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ اﻧﺪازد (Herrman & Osinski, 1999). ﻧﻤﯽﮔﺮدد، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ، ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ را ﺑﻪ ارﻣﻐﺎن ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ (ﭼﻪ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ و ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ آورد (Brazier, 1998). ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﭼﻪ ﺗﻮان اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ آن) ﻋﺒﺎرت از ﺑﺮآورد ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ دارد ﮐﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ را اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﻧﺴﺎن از ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﻣﺘﯿﺎزات ﮐﺴﺐ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ داﻣﻨﻪ دﻟﺨﻮاه ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري، ﺟﻨﮕﻠﺪاري، ﭘﺎرﮐﺪاري (ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ و ﮐﺮده و ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي را ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ ,Pennington) ﺗﻮرﯾﺴﻢ)، آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري، اﻣﻮر ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ و ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ (2000. ﺷﻬﺮي، ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ و روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﻫﺎي اﮐﻨﻮن در ﺟﺪول ذﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ادﺑﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﺻﻨﻌﺖ، ﺧﺪﻣﺎت و ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازﯾﻢ. ﻻزم ﺑﻪ ذﮐﺮ اﺳﺖ ﻧﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﯾﺎ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﻮد ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ (ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺟﺪول آورده ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ، ﻫﻤﮕﯽ از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎي آب) ﮐﻪ اﻧﺴﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺮه وري و ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﮐﺎر ﺧﻮد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ. 268 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﻗﺘﺼﺎد و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﯾﺮان دوره 2-50، ﺷﻤﺎره 2، 1398 ﺟﺪول 1- ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ(ان) ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ ﮔـﯿﻼن ﻣﺨﺪوم، م. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ را ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺮاي رﻓـﻊ ﻣﺸـﮑﻼت 1991 و ﻣﺎزﻧــﺪران ﺑــﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺷــﻬﺮي، .Makhdoum, M ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﯽداﻧﺪ. ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ، روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﻮرﯾﺴﻢ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﯿﺮداوودي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران ﻣﺮﮐﺰي از ﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﺮﺗـﻊداري در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﺑﺎ درﺟﻪ ﺗﻮان 1 در اﻃﺮاف ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ آب و ﺑـﺎ 2008 .Mir Davoudi et al ﺑـــﺎ اﺳـــﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﯿﺴـــﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋـــﺎت ﺷﯿﺐ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ و ﻓﺮﺳﺎﯾﺶ ﮐﻢ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ. ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ (GIS) ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾـﮏ ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ ﺑـﺮاي در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﻃﺒﻘﻪ 1 ﮐﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺸـﺎورزي ﻧﻮري و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺴـﺘﻌﺪ ﮐﺸـﺎورزي ﺑـﺎ و ﺑــﺪون ﻣﺤــﺪودﯾﺖ اﺳــﺖ وﺟــﻮد ﻧــﺪارد اﻣــﺎ اراﺿــﯽ ﺑــﺎ ﺗــﻮان 2010 .Nouri et al اﺳـــﺘﻔﺎده از GIS (ﺑﺨـــﺶ ﻣﺮﮐـــﺰي ﮐﺸﺎورزي درﺟﻪ 2 و 3 ﺑﺴﯿﺎر زﯾﺎد اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﮐﺸـﺎورزي را در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﯿﺎر) اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش داد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد در ﻋﺮﺻـﻪﻫـﺎي ارزﯾــﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﮐــﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿــﯽ از ﺣﺎﺗﻤﯽ ﻧﮋاد و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران ﮐﺸﺖ زراﻋﺖ دﯾﻢ و آﺑﯽ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي وﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮد ﻣﻐـﺎﯾﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﺗـﻮان 2013 ﻃﺮﯾــﻖ ﻣــﺪل اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾــﮏ در اﺳــﺘﺎن .Hataminejad et al اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و اداﻣﻪ روﻧﺪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺨﺮﺑـﯽ را ﺑـﻪ ﺑـﺎر اردﺑﯿﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف آﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ آورد. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ، ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷـﻤﺎل ﺷـﻬﺮ و ﺑﺨـﺶ- ارزﯾــﺎﺑﯽ ﺗــﻮان اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾــﮏ اراﺿــﯽ ﺑــﺎ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ از ﺟﻨﻮب و ﺟﻨـﻮب ﻏﺮﺑـﯽ، ﻣﺤـﻼت ﻋﻤﺪه ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪﻧﺸـﯿﻨﯽ اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﯿﺴــﺘﻢﻫــﺎي اﻃﻼﻋــﺎت ﻧﻘﺪي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤــﻮر ﺷــﻤﺎل ﻏــﺮب ﺷـﻬﺮ ﺑـﻪ دﻟﯿـﻞ 2014 ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿــﺎﯾﯽ و ﻓﺮآﯾﻨــﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿــﻞ ﺳﻠﺴــﻠﻪ .Naghdi et al زﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﻣﺴـﻄﺢ و ﺟﻬــﺖ ﺷــﯿﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ، ﺑــﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: اراﺿﯽ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ در ﻧﻈـﺮ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ) ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
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