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SMT Nr 2 2016 Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Volym 37 · nummer 2 · 2016 Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift inkluderar tidigare: www.svampar.se Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Sveriges Mykologiska Förening Tidskriften publicerar originalartiklar med svamp- Föreningen verkar för anknytning och med svenskt och nordeuropeiskt - en bättre kännedom om Sveriges svampar och intresse. Tidskriften utkommer med fyra nummer svampars roll i naturen per år och ägs av Sveriges Mykologiska Förening. - skydd av naturen och att svampplockning och an- Instruktioner till författare finns på SMF:s hemsida nat uppträdande i skog och mark sker under iakt- www.svampar.se. Tidskriften erhålls genom med- tagande av gällande lagar lemskap i SMF. Tidskriften framställs med bidrag - att kontakter mellan lokala svampföreningar och från Tore Nathorst-Windahls minnesfond. svampintresserade i landet underlättas - att kontakt upprätthålls med mykologiska förenin- gar i grannländer - en samverkan med mykologisk forskning och Redaktion vetenskap. Redaktör och ansvarig utgivare Mikael Jeppson Medlemskap erhålles genom insättning av medlems- Lilla Håjumsgatan 4 avgiften på föreningens bankgiro 461 35 TROLLHÄTTAN 5388-7733 0520-82910 [email protected] Medlemsavgiften för 2016 är: • 275:- för medlemmar bosatta i Sverige Hjalmar Croneborg • 375:- för medlemmar bosatta utanför Sverige Gammelgarn Mattsarve 504 • 125:- för studerande medlemmar bosatta i 623 67 Katthammarsvik Sverige (maximalt under 5 år) tel. 0706 15 05 75 • 50:- för familjemedlemmar (erhåller ej SMT) [email protected] Subscriptions from abroad are welcome. Payments Jan Nilsson for 2016 (SEK 375.-) can be made by credit card by Smeberg 2 visting our webshop at www.svampar.se or to our 457 50 BULLAREN bank account: 0525-20972 [email protected] IBAN: SE6180000835190038262804 BIC/SWIFT: SWEDSESS Äldre nummer av Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift (inkl. JORDSTJÄRNAN) finns på en CD som kan beställas Sveriges Mykologiska Förening från SMF. Institutionen för biologi och miljövetenskap Previous issues of Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift (incl. JORDSTJÄRNAN) are available on a CD which Göteborgs universitet can be ordered from SMF. Box 461 405 30 Göteborg www.svampar.se Omslagsbild Dynstinksvamp Phallus( hadriani). Halland, Halmstad, Alet, 2011-09-22. Foto Örjan Fritz. I detta nummer nr 2 2016 SVAMPPRESENTATIONER NATURVÅRD 2 Lejonsopp Xerocomus moravicus ‒ nu 93 Sandtallskogar ‒ en hotad miljö med återfunnen på Öland rödlistade mykorrhizasvampar Tommy Knutsson, Johan Nitare Johan Nitare 8 Mycena cretata – en ny art för Sverige Jan Svensson ASCOMYCET-NYTT 23 Kremlefynd i Hemavans fjälltrakter 100 Ascomycet-Nytt 6 - en rapport från Mykologiveckan 2015 Ove E. Eriksson Herbert Kaufmann 29 Dynstinksvamp (Phallus hadriani) riklig i SMF sanddyner i Alet vid Halmstad 107 Rapportera årets svampar! Örjan Fritz 109 Gåva till SMF 37 Grönskålar i Sverige Patrick Björck 40 Nya fynd av marina svampar i Sverige Sanja Tibell 43 New records of marine fungi from Sweden Sanja Tibell 55 Buksvampar i Skånes sandmarker, speciellt i östra Skåne – en sammanfattning av 21 års inventeringar Sven-Åke Hanson OMRÅDESPRESENTATIONER 83 Naturvårdsintressant om svampar i Tinneröreservatet Mikael Hagström Phallus hadriani (dynstinksvamp) Akvarell av Erhard Ludwig. SVENSK MYKOLOGISK TIDSKRIFT 37:2 (2016) 1 Svamppresentationer Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift 37 (2):2–7 2016 Lejonsopp Xerocomus moravicus ‒ nu återfunnen på Öland Tommy Knutsson & Johan Nitare ABSTRACT Xerocomus moravicus rediscovered on the island of Öland, SE Sweden. Xerocomus moravicus (Vacek) Herink [syn. Xerocomus leonis (D.A. Reid) Alessio, Aureoboletus moravicus (Vacek) Klofac] has been rediscovered on the island of Öland, SE Sweden. The spe- cies is presented as new to the Nordic countries and is thus far only known from one single locality. All other records have proven to be erroneous and refer to other taxa, i.e. Xerocomus communis and X. subtomentosus s. l. Xerocomus moravicus occurs in Sweden in a classic my- cological locality with ancient oak trees. The site is well known for many other thermophilic, calciphilic, rare and southerly taxa. Probably X. moravicus constitutes another proof of a spe- cies with a relict pattern of distribution. The species has an unclear taxonomical position and has recently, without support of molecular data, been transferred to the genus Aureoboletus. In times of big changes in taxonomy when boletes are rapidly being split up in several new phylogenetic genera, the authors at the moment prefer to keep an older combination, even if the taxonomical position in Xerocomus also is questioned. The authors e.g. mention some morphological similarities to the genusGyroporus , a possible relationship that should be ana- lyzed with modern molecular methods. Inledning det i nuläget inte har presenterats något mole- Soppar, med sina olika släkten inom familjen kylärt stöd för att arten skulle placeras i släktet Boletaceae, är ibland taxonomiskt mycket komp- Aureoboletus har vi valt att här följa namnbruket licerade. Trots stora och ofta speciella frukt- i Funga Nordica (Knudsen & Taylor 2012) in- kroppar är de många gånger mycket svåra att nan svampens naturliga plats i soppsystemet artbestämma. En art som några gånger uppgivits närmare analyserats. Svampen har på svenska från Sverige är Xerocomus moravicus (Vacek) av Olof Andersson i Bon (1994) kallats lejon- Herink. Svampen återfinns i litteraturen under gul sopp, men vi föredrar en kortare variant och flera olika synonymer, bl a Xerocomus leonis föreslår här namnet lejonsopp. (Reid) Alessio, men denna är nu synonymiserad med X. moravicus av bl a Pöder (1990). Denna Bakgrund art har en oklar taxonomisk släktplacering och Olof Andersson uppger i sin svenska bearbet- har ibland förts till släktet Boletus (i vid be- ning av Bon (1994) för Xerocomus leonis att den märkelse), ibland till Xerocomus (sammetssop- växer: ” I lövskog och parker, särskilt under ek. par) och nu senast även till släktet Aureoboletus Känd från Öl ” [= Öland]. Andersson behandlar (gyllensoppar) (Klofac 2010). Den moderna X. moravicus som en egen art och skriver: ”… forskningen med molekylära undersöknings- mera rödbrun, ofta uppsprucken. Lövskog. Sälls. metoder har medfört att soppar nu snabbt delas Sannolikt funnen i Sk” [= Skåne]. På liknande upp i många nya släkten och sannolikt återstår sätt skriver Stig Jacobsson i sin svenska bear- en tid innan vi får en stabilare namnsättning. Då betning av Norstedts stora svampbok (Phillips & 2 SVENSK MYKOLOGISK TIDSKRIFT 37:2 (2016) Svamppresentationer Fig. 1. Xerocomus moravicus (lejonsopp). Sverige, Öland, Högsrum, Halltorps hage, vid gammal ek, hassel och lind på kalkrik mulljord, 2015-10-04. Foto Johan Nitare. Jacobsson 1982) om Boletus leonis: ”Lövskog från Sverige och Danmark har alltså visat sig och parker med ek. Hösten. Funnen på Öland”. felaktiga eller tveksamma. Olof Anderssons upp- Något material i våra svenska herbarier från gift kan vara riktig, men går inte att helt säkert Öland eller Skåne har inte gått att spåra och Tay- bekräfta då herbariematerial saknas. lor & Eberhardt (2006) skriver om svampen i sin Vi vill här berätta historien om hur arten nu åter grundliga genomgång av släktet sammetssoppar har påträffats på Öland i Halltorps hage - vid två (Xerocomus): ”… en sydlig art som rapporterats olika tillfällen och oberoende av varandra med från Sverige. Emellertid har allt herbariemate- 18 års mellanrum. Arten får därför betraktas som rial som vi hittills undersökt visat sig vara X. ny för Norden och syftet med denna artikel är att communis”. Vidare skriver Knudsen & Taylor porträttera den och beskriva dess kännetecken. (2012) i Funga Nordica om arten: ”Under broad- Då det nu finns tydliga skillnader gentemot and- leaved trees, thermophilic and not known from ra gulaktiga sammetssoppar (Xerocomus spp.) the area; DE, UK” [= Tyskland, Storbritannien]. behöver man i framtiden inte längre vara tvek- I den danska rödlistan har Jan Vesterholt (Wind sam vid eventuellt ytterligare fynd. & Pihl 2004) skrivit: ”Boletus moravicus vokser i løvskov og er angivet fra Danmark. Afgræns- Johans berättelse ningen i forhold til filtet rørhat (Boletus subto- En torr oktoberdag tog jag (JN) en sedvanlig mentosus) er vanskelig. Det er uklart i hvilket runda i Halltorps hage på Öland bland ruinerna omfang, Boletus moravicus findes i Danmark ... av jätteekar. Området utgör en välkänd relikt- Den kategoriseres derfor som ikke bedømt, NE”. lokal för många sällsynta ädellövskogsarter Det har således förelegat flera oklarheter i frågan och är troligen ett av de mest välinventerade om lejonsoppen finns i Norden eller inte. områdena i södra Sverige. Under mer än 40 Alla tidigare rapporter om fynd av lejonsopp år har hagen varje höst besökts av horder med SVENSK MYKOLOGISK TIDSKRIFT 37:2(2016) 3 Svamppresentationer Fig. 3 A‒B. Xerocomus mora- vicus (lejonsopp). A. Sporer. B. Fotens nedre form avslutas ofta med en hopsnörd spets. A & B tecknat från öländskt ma- terial, Halltorps hage. Illustra- tion Johan Nitare. mykologer, men tyvärr saknas en fullständig Den aktuella oktoberdagen (2015-10-04) var sammanställning över alla rariteter som påträf- det relativt torrt och svamptomt och jag hade fats där. Området är sedan 1979 naturreservat, ingen större förhoppning om att finna något av främst på grund av sin unika skalbaggsfauna intresse bland de torra löven. Strax utanför det med bl a landets sista lokal för stor ekbock centrala ekområdet brukar det på en liten yta (Cerambyx cerdo). Reservatet hyser emellertid ibland dyka upp parasitsopp
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