DOCSLIB.ORG

Pollination, Biological Control, and Nature Conservation in Agricultural Landscapes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pollination, Biological Control, and Nature Conservation in Agricultural Landscapes Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Pollination, Biological Control, and Nature Conservation in Agricultural Landscapes Gorm Shackelford Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Biology September 2014 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own, except where work which has formed part of jointly-authored publications has been included. The contribution of the candidate and the other authors to this work has been explicitly indicated below. The candidate confirms that appropriate credit has been given within the thesis where reference has been made to the work of others. Chapter 2 is based on a jointly-authored publication [Shackelford G., Steward, P. R., Benton, T. G., Kunin, W. E., Potts, S. G., Biesmeijer, J. C., Sait, S. M. (2013). Comparison of pollinators and natural enemies: a meta-analysis of landscape and local effects on abundance and richness in crops. Biological Reviews 88(4):1002–1021]. The candidate designed the research, collected and analyzed the data, and wrote and revised the manuscript for this publication. Peter Steward contributed to data collection. The other authors supervised the research and gave feedback on the manuscript. A plural pronoun (“we”) is used in parts of this thesis, and this is not meant to suggest that the candidate (“I”) is not the author, but it is meant to acknowledge the feedback that others have given, or to prepare these parts of the thesis for jointly-authored submissions to scientific journals. All of Chapter 2 was written only by the candidate. Chapter 3 is based on a jointly-authored manuscript [Shackelford G. E., Steward, P. R., German, R. N., Sait, S. M., Benton, T. G. (in press). Conservation planning in agricultural landscapes: hotspots of conflict between agriculture and nature. Diversity and Distributions]. The candidate designed the research, collected and analyzed the data, and wrote and revised the manuscript. The other authors gave feedback on the manuscript. In particular, Tim Benton suggested that hotspots for agricultural intensification could also be identified, as a counterpoint to the hotspots of conservation conflict that the candidate had suggested. The candidate then redesigned the conceptual framework, reanalyzed the data, and completely rewrote the manuscript. Three anonymous peer reviewers gave feedback on the manuscript. In particular, one of them suggested that hotspots of agricultural intensification should not be identified, because it implied that agricultural intensification could not or should not be stopped or questioned. The candidate again redesigned the conceptual framework, replaced hotspots for agricultural intensification with coldspots of conservation conflict, reanalyzed the data, and completely rewrote the manuscript. All of Chapter 3 was written only by the candidate. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgment. The right of Gorm Eirik Shackelford to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Copyright © 2014 Gorm Eirik Shackelford and The University of Leeds — 2 — Acknowledgments Thanks to the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) of the United Kingdom, Africa College of the University of Leeds, and Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) for funding this research. Thanks to Francis Namisiko, my field assistant, for all his hard work, making and collecting so many trap nests, and riding so many kilometers by motorcycle on the rough and often muddy roads of the Taita Hills. Thanks also to my many supervisors in the UK and Kenya, especially Steve Sait, Mary Gikungu, and Tim Benton, who all gave me feedback and support whenever I asked, but also gave me the freedom to work unsupervised in Kenya, which was a very special time and place in my life, and for which I will always be thankful. Thanks also to Jacobus Biesmeijer, William Kunin, Simon Potts, and Richard German for feedback. Thanks to Peter Steward, my fellow PhD student, who also gave me feedback, and who, together with Radhika Timbadia, lived the hard, weird, and wonderful lifestyle of the Taita Hills with me. Thanks also to the MSc students who came to work with me in the Taita Hills, Justin Lampley, Joseph Makaure, Tomasz Przybylowicz, and Rebecca Newman. Thanks to James Carpenter and Josef Gusenleitner for identifying Rhynchium marginellum sabulosum, and thanks to the National Museums of Kenya, Jayne Macharia, Mary Gikungu, and Connal Eardley for giving me taxonomic support in Kenya and South Africa. Thanks to Lilian Igweta and ICIPE for providing permits and visas for Kenya. Thanks to A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman for sending me a copy of her key to the genera of African spiders, which was used by one of the MSc students (Joseph Makaure). Thanks to the many suppliers of tools and materials that were used in this research, especially Milimani Hardware, Pamtech, and Nakumatt in Kenya, Home Chip in the UK, and Adorama and B&H Photo in the USA. Thanks to the staff of Java House and Artcaffé in Nairobi, which often functioned as my offices. Thanks to Katana, Gideon, and James, for driving me to the National Museums of Kenya or the airport on many days. Thanks to the free and open-source software community, especially those who have worked on LibreOffice, QGIS, R, Scribus, Zotero, and the fonts, Droid Sans, Droid Sans Mono, and Droid Serif. Thanks to my family, Frankie, Jole, and Leif Shackelford, for supporting me from the USA, whether I was in the UK, Kenya, or South Africa. Thanks to my cousin-in- law, Diane Skinner, for camaraderie, accommodation, and entertainment in Nairobi, and for making light of my many dark evenings of work on the meta-analysis (the “MA”), through which she suffered by proximity to me, and to which she often referred by a colorful acronym (the “MFMA”), which shall remain undefined. And, of course, many, many thanks to Sarah Norman, my partner in life, for always being there for me, and for being here, there, and everywhere with me. — 3 — Abstract Agriculture has done more damage to nature than any other human activity, and yet food production could need to be doubled by the middle of this century. As agricultural land is expanded and intensified, critical thresholds in the loss of natural habitats are crossed. This loss of non-crop habitats can have negative feedback on crop production, because it can cause a loss of “ecosystem services” that support and regulate crop production, such as the pollination of crops by bees and the biological control of crop pests by their natural enemies. Because of this connection between non-crop habitats and crop yields, there could be potential for habitat conservation to benefit both agriculture and nature. The research in this thesis focuses on pollinators and natural enemies, because these species constitute a vital connection between food production and biodiversity conservation. Could habitat management be used to conserve both pollinators and natural enemies in agricultural landscapes? Will the relationships between pollinators, natural enemies, and natural habitats change with climate change? Where should we prioritize the resolution of conflict between agriculture and nature, and how? This thesis addresses these questions through literature review and meta- analysis, geographic information systems (GIS) and hotspot analysis, field research on the distributions of trap-nesting bees and wasps on environmental gradients, and laboratory research on the development of bees and wasps at high temperatures. This thesis suggests that it might be possible to conserve communities of both pollinators and natural enemies, in general, by means of habitat management, but it might not be possible to conserve specific combinations of pollinators and natural enemies, which might have opposite responses to some forms of environmental change, such as global warming. This thesis also suggests that the resolution of conflict between agriculture and nature should be prioritized in sub-Saharan Africa, and it outlines a conceptual framework for systematic conservation planning in agricultural landscapes. — 4 — Table of contents Acknowledgments..................................................................................................................3 Abstract................................................................................................................................... 4 List of tables............................................................................................................................ 8 List of figures.......................................................................................................................... 9 Chapter 1: Biodiversity and ecosystem services: conservation of pollinators, natural enemies, and natural habitats in agricultural landscapes............................................11 Introduction to the thesis.........................................................................................11 The search for compromise between food production and other ecosystem services................................................................................13 The sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa.......15 Kenya and the Taita Hills............................................................................16 Crop
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download Download
    Agr. Nat. Resour. 54 (2020) 499–506 AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES Journal homepage: http://anres.kasetsart.org Research article Checklist of the Tribe Spilomelini (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) in Thailand Sunadda Chaovalita,†, Nantasak Pinkaewb,†,* a Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand b Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaengsaen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand Article Info Abstract Article history: In total, 100 species in 40 genera of the tribe Spilomelini were confirmed to occur in Thailand Received 5 July 2019 based on the specimens preserved in Thailand and Japan. Of these, 47 species were new records Revised 25 July 2019 Accepted 15 August 2019 for Thailand. Conogethes tenuialata Chaovalit and Yoshiyasu, 2019 was the latest new recorded Available online 30 October 2020 species from Thailand. This information will contribute to an ongoing program to develop a pest database and subsequently to a facilitate pest management scheme in Thailand. Keywords: Crambidae, Pyraustinae, Spilomelini, Thailand, pest Introduction The tribe Spilomelini is one of the major pests in tropical and subtropical regions. Moths in this tribe have been considered as The tribe Spilomelini Guenée (1854) is one of the largest tribes and the major pests of economic crops such as rice, sugarcane, bean belongs to the subfamily Pyraustinae, family Crambidae; it consists of pods and corn (Khan et al., 1988; Hill, 2007), durian (Kuroko 55 genera and 5,929 species worldwide with approximately 86 genera and Lewvanich, 1993), citrus, peach and macadamia, (Common, and 220 species of Spilomelini being reported in North America 1990), mulberry (Sharifi et.
    [Show full text]
  • Read the Decision
    Decision Date 5 February 2021 Application number APP203875 Application type To import for release and/or release from containment any new organism under section 34 of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 Applicant Tasman District Council Date of hearing/consideration 17 December 2020 Date Application received 14 September 2020 Considered by A decision-making committee of the Environmental Protection Authority (the Committee)1 Dr Nick Roskruge (Chair) Dr John Taylor Mr Peter Cressey Purpose of the application To import and release two parasitoids, Metoecus paradoxus and Volucella inanis as biological control agents for the invasive German and common wasps (Vespula germanica and V. vulgaris). New organism approved Metoecus paradoxus Linnaeus 1761 Volucella inanis Linnaeus 1758 1 The Committee referred to in this decision is the subcommittee that has made the decision on this application under delegated authority in accordance with section 18A of the Act. Decision APP203875 Summary of decision 1. Application APP203875 to import and release two parasitoids, Metoecus paradoxus and Volucella inanis, as biological control agents (BCAs) for the invasive German and common wasps (Vespula germanica and V. vulgaris), in New Zealand, was lodged under section 34 of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 (the Act). 2. The application was considered in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Act and of the HSNO (Methodology) Order 1998 (the Methodology). 3. The Committee has approved the application in accordance with section 38(1)(a) of the Act. Application and consideration process 4. The application was formally received on 14 September 2020. 5. The applicant, Tasman District Council, applied to the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) to import and release two parasitoids, Metoecus paradoxus and Volucella inanis, as BCAs for the invasive German and common wasps (Vespula germanica and V.
    [Show full text]
  • Agathodes Designalis (Guenée, 1854) from Gibraltar- an Adventive Species New to Europe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Spilomelinae) SHILAP Revista De Lepidopterología, Vol
    SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 ISSN: 2340-4078 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Perez, C. E.; Guillem, R. M.; Honey, M. R. Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854) from Gibraltar- an adventive species new to Europe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Spilomelinae) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 46, no. 184, 2018, October-December, pp. 615-617 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45560393008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative SHILAP Revta. lepid., 46 (184) diciembre 2018: 615-617 eISSN: 2340-4078 ISSN: 0300-5267 Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854) from Gibraltar - an adventive species new to Europe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Spilomelinae) C. E. Perez, R. M. Guillem & M. R. Honey Abstract Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854) is recorded for the first time in Europe, from Gibraltar. KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae, Agathodes designalis, Gibraltar. Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854) de Gibraltar - una especie advenediza nueva para Europa (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Spilomelinae) Resumen Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854) se cita por primera vez en Europa, de Gibraltar. PALABRAS CLAVE: Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae, Agathodes designalis, Gibraltar. Introduction Worldwide, there are sixteen species of the genus Agathodes Guenée, 1854 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), distributed primarily in India, South-east Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, South and Central America, with isolated species on islands such as Japan, Madagascar, Samoa and São Tomé (NUSS et al., 2017).
    [Show full text]
  • Bees and Wasps of the East Sussex South Downs
    A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 Abstract For six years between 2003 and 2008, over 100 site visits were made to fifteen chalk grassland and chalk heath sites within the South Downs of Vice-county 14 (East Sussex). This produced a list of 227 bee and wasp species and revealed the comparative frequency of different species, the comparative richness of different sites and provided a basic insight into how many of the species interact with the South Downs at a site and landscape level. The study revealed that, in addition to the character of the semi-natural grasslands present, the bee and wasp fauna is also influenced by the more intensively-managed agricultural landscapes of the Downs, with many species taking advantage of blossoming hedge shrubs, flowery fallow fields, flowery arable field margins, flowering crops such as Rape, plus plants such as buttercups, thistles and dandelions within relatively improved pasture. Some very rare species were encountered, notably the bee Halictus eurygnathus Blüthgen which had not been seen in Britain since 1946. This was eventually recorded at seven sites and was associated with an abundance of Greater Knapweed. The very rare bees Anthophora retusa (Linnaeus) and Andrena niveata Friese were also observed foraging on several dates during their flight periods, providing a better insight into their ecology and conservation requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • Erythrina Mothsterastia Meticulosalis Guenée and Agathodes Designalis
    EENY 516 Erythrina moths Terastia meticulosalis Guenée and Agathodes designalis Guenée 1 Andrei Sourakov2 Introduction In Florida, and throughout the North American popula- tions, A. designalis is represented by the subspecies A. Although little known, the Erythrina moths Terastia designalis monstralis, while A. designalis designalis was meticulosalis Guenée and Agathodes designalis Guenée originally described from South America. Additional work represent a remarkable case of niche partitioning (Sourakov on the genus, including new methods such as the DNA 2011). In Florida, throughout the southern United States, barcoding, is likely to change current classification of the and from Mexico to Argentina, these two species feed on genus (Dan Janzen, pers. com.). For instance, larvae of A. plants of the genus Erythrina (Fabaceae). This genus, while designalis in Costa Rica are different from those in Florida, mostly known as attractive ornamentals, has medicinal and perhaps emphasizing the underlying taxonomic differences other uses (Powell and Westley 1993). The descriptions of (Janzen & Hallwachs 2011; Sourakov 2011). the moths’ life histories below are based on north-central Florida populations that use the coral bean, Erythrina herbacea, as a hostplant. This plant is not only native to the region, but is also frequently used as an ornamental. Synonymy There are four other species within the genus Terastia. In the past, T. subjectalis (found in Australia and throughout Asia) had been considered a synonym of T. meticulosalis, but now is listed in modern literature as a separate species. The taxonomic status of T. meticulosalis populations in Africa, where it is listed from Kenya, South Africa, Uganda, and Sierra Leone, is unclear.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida 28 – 30 September 2012
    University of Florida 28 – 30 September 2012 2 Front Cover: Pierella helvina incanescens, Honduras: Atlantida: Parque Nacional Pico Bonito, vic. Estación CURLA, 11 August 2010, J. Y. Miller & D. Matthews. 3 FALL MEETING OF THE SOUTHERN LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA SEPTEMBER 28-30, 2012 McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Conference Room, Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Local Arrangements Meeting Co-Chairs: Jacqueline Y. Miller and Nancy C. Turner Meeting Organizing Committee: Charles V. Covell, Jr., Christine Eliazar, Peter Eliazar, Thomas C. Emmel, Lary Reeves, Deborah L. Matthews, Jacqueline Y. Miller, Marc Minno, Tom Neal, Jeff Slotten, J. D. Turner, Nancy C. Turner Banquet/Lunch: Tom Neal, Jacqueline Y. Miller, Nancy C. Turner Field Trip Coordinators: Charles V. Covell, Jr., Marc Minno, Lary Reeves, Jeff Slotten Group Photograph & ATL Photo Contest: Andrei Sourakov Collection Access: Andrew D. Warren & Andrei Sourakov Program: Christine Eliazar, Jacqueline Y. Miller, Nancy C. Turner Program Technical Support: James B. Schlachta, J. Court Whelan Door Prizes & Evening Program Coordinator : Charles V. Covell, Jr., Jacqueline Y. Miller Registration/Meeting Support: Elena Ortiz, Katie Lane, Cassandra Romero Security: Kurt Auffenburg 4 Schedule of Events Friday, September 28 1:00-5:00 p.m.: Registration, Lobby, Powell Hall, Florida Museum of Natural History, UF Cultural Plaza, University of Florida. Field trip participants must sign a release form. 8:00a.m -4:30 p.m.: Day field trip. Participants will meet the field trip coordinator in the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Doyle Conner Building (1911 SW 34th St., Gainesville) parking lot (north side).
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Current Advan Urnal of Current Advanced Research
    International Journal of Current Advanced Research ISSN: O: 2319-6475, ISSN: P: 2319-6505, Impact Factor: 6.614 Available Online at www.journalijcar.org Volume 9; Issue 05(A); May 2020; Page No.22037-22039 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijcar.2020.22039.4342 Research Article SPECIES DIVERSITY OF FAMILY CRAMBIDAE (MOTH) IN VEERANGANA DURGAVATI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, DAMOH (M.P.) Roshni Pandey1*, S. Sambath2 and Rita Bhandari3 1Govt. College Badwara, Katni, Madhya Pradesh 2Zoological Survey of India, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 3OFK Govt. College, Khamriya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: The study based on the survey made at different localities in Veerangana Durgavati Received 06th February, 2020 Wildlife Sanctuary, Damoh. During the study total thirty specimens of family Crambidae Received in revised form 14th were collected with the help of light traps. This paper deals with the collection and March, 2020 identification of moths of family Crambidae (order Lepidoptera) which comprises 11 Accepted 23rd April, 2020 species of 11 genera and 2 subfamilies- Spilomelinae & Pyraustinae. Subfamily: Published online 28th May, 2020 Spilomelinae was the dominated sub family. The diversity indices for the family were also calculated. Shannon-Weiner Diversity (H’) was 2.0395, whereas Simpson’s diversity Index Key words: (D) was 0.1733 and dominance Index (1-D) was 0.8267. The species diversity is a very important parameter for functioning of an ecosystem, thus this is very important to protect Crambidae, Lepidoptera, Moths, Diversity, moth fauna by protecting the natural habitat of the sanctuary. Veerangana Durgavati Wildlife Sanctuary. Copyright©2020 Roshni Pandey, S. Sambath and Rita Bhandari.
    [Show full text]
  • (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea: Eumenidae) in New Zealand
    New Zealand Entomologist, 1994, Vol. 17 29 REFERENCES Baylis, G.T.S., 1948: Vegetation of Great Island, Three Kings group. Records ofthe Auckland Institute and Museum 3: 239-252. , 1951: Incipient forest regeneration on Great Island, Three Kings group. Records ofthe Auckland Institute and Museum 4: 103-109. , 1958: A botanical survey of the small islands of the Three Kings group. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 5: 1-12. Brook, F.J. ; Laurenson, C.M., 1992: Ecology and morphological variation in Placostylus bollonsi (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae) at Three Kings Islands, New Zealand. Records ofthe Auckland Institute and Museum 29: 135-166. Cranwell, L.M., 1962: Endemism and isolation in the Three Kings Islands, New Zealand- with notes on pollen and spore types of the endemics. Records ofthe Auckland Institute andMuseum 5: 215-232. Hayward. B.W. ; Moore, P.R., 1987: Geology of the Three Kings Islands, northern New Zealand. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 24: 215-232. Ramsay, G.W., 1971: The D.S.I.R. Entomology Division 1970 expedition to the Three Kings Islands. New Zealand Entomologist 5: 13-17. Taylor, R.W., 1962: The ants of the Three Kings Islands. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 5: 251-254. Biology of Ancistrocerus gazella (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea: Eumenidae) in New Zealand A.C. HARRIS Otago Museum, P.O. Box 6202, Great King Street, Dunedin, New Zealand ABSTRACT Ancistrocerus gazella (Panzer, 1798) is common in Central Otago, New Zealand. Details are provided of its typically tubular, generally multicelled nests in hollow stems, artificial trap nests, abandoned wood-boring insect galleries, cracks and holes in stone walls and old nail and bolt holes in cement, concrete and wood.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies and Moths of Dominican Republic
    Heliothis ononis Flax Bollworm Moth Coptotriche aenea Blackberry Leafminer Argyresthia canadensis Apyrrothrix araxes Dull Firetip Phocides pigmalion Mangrove Skipper Phocides belus Belus Skipper Phocides palemon Guava Skipper Phocides urania Urania skipper Proteides mercurius Mercurial Skipper Epargyreus zestos Zestos Skipper Epargyreus clarus Silver-spotted Skipper Epargyreus spanna Hispaniolan Silverdrop Epargyreus exadeus Broken Silverdrop Polygonus leo Hammock Skipper Polygonus savigny Manuel's Skipper Chioides albofasciatus White-striped Longtail Chioides zilpa Zilpa Longtail Chioides ixion Hispaniolan Longtail Aguna asander Gold-spotted Aguna Aguna claxon Emerald Aguna Aguna metophis Tailed Aguna Typhedanus undulatus Mottled Longtail Typhedanus ampyx Gold-tufted Skipper Polythrix octomaculata Eight-spotted Longtail Polythrix mexicanus Mexican Longtail Polythrix asine Asine Longtail Polythrix caunus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Zestusa dorus Short-tailed Skipper Codatractus carlos Carlos' Mottled-Skipper Codatractus alcaeus White-crescent Longtail Codatractus yucatanus Yucatan Mottled-Skipper Codatractus arizonensis Arizona Skipper Codatractus valeriana Valeriana Skipper Urbanus proteus Long-tailed Skipper Urbanus viterboana Bluish Longtail Urbanus belli Double-striped Longtail Urbanus pronus Pronus Longtail Urbanus esmeraldus Esmeralda Longtail Urbanus evona Turquoise Longtail Urbanus dorantes Dorantes Longtail Urbanus teleus Teleus Longtail Urbanus tanna Tanna Longtail Urbanus simplicius Plain Longtail Urbanus procne Brown Longtail
    [Show full text]
  • Erythrina Mothsterastia Meticulosalis Guenée and Agathodes Designalis
    Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. EENY 516 Erythrina moths Terastia meticulosalis Guenée and Agathodes designalis Guenée 1 Andrei Sourakov2 Introduction Although little known, the Erythrina moths Terastia meticulosalis Guenée and Agathodes designalis Guenée represent a remarkable case of niche partitioning (Sourakov 2011). In Florida, throughout the southern United States, and from Mexico to Argentina, these two species feed on plants of the genus Erythrina (Fabaceae). This genus, while mostly known as attractive ornamentals, has medicinal and other uses (Powell and Wesltley 1993). The descriptions of the moths’ life histories below are based on north-central Florida populations that use the coral bean, Erythrina herbacea, as a hostplant. This plant is not only native to the region, but is also frequently used as an ornamental. Figure 1. An adult Erythrina stem-borer, Terastia meticulosalis Guenée. Photographed in Gainesville, Florida Credits: Andrei Sourakov, Synonymy University of Florida There are four other species within the genus Terastia. In the past, T. subjectalis (found in Australia and throughout In Florida, and throughout the North American popula- Asia) had been considered a synonym of T. meticulosalis, tions, A. designalis is represented by the subspecies A. but now is listed in modern literature as a separate species. designalis monstralis, while A. designalis designalis was The taxonomic status of T. meticulosalis populations in originally described from South America. Additional work Africa, where it is listed from Kenya, South Africa, Uganda, on the genus, including new methods such as the DNA and Sierra Leone, is unclear.
    [Show full text]
  • An Inventory of Moths (Lepidoptera) from Topchanchi Wildlife Sanctuary
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(4): 1456-1466 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2017; 5(4): 1456-1466 An inventory of moths (Lepidoptera) from © 2017 JEZS Received: 18-05-2017 Topchanchi wildlife sanctuary, Jharkhand Accepted: 19-06-2017 Navneet Singh Navneet Singh, Jalil Ahmad and Rahul Joshi Zoological Survey of India, Gangetic Plains Regional Centre Sector-8, Bahadurpur Housing Abstract Colony, Patna, Bihar, India The present research paper deals with the moths collected from Topchanchi Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand. The information is based on the moth surveys done from September 05-06, 2016 and October Jalil Ahmad 09-10, 2016. Identification yielded a total of 74 species under 66 genera of 15 different families of moths. Zoological Survey of India, Family Erebidae is found to be dominating. Seven species are reported for the first time from Gangetic Gangetic Plains Regional Centre plains whereas, all the included species are the new records for the sanctuary as the Topchanchi WLS Sector-8, Bahadurpur Housing was surveyed for the first time for the diversity of moths. A new population variant of adult male of Colony, Patna, Bihar, India Lymantria semisincta (Walker) has been reported for the first time Rahul Joshi Keywords: inventory, moths, Jharkhand, Topchanchi wildlife sanctuary Zoological Survey of India, Gangetic Plains Regional Centre Sector-8, Bahadurpur Housing Introduction Colony, Patna, Bihar, India Topchanchi Wildlife Sanctuary (TWLS) is situated in Dhanbad district of Jharkhand with an area of 8.75 Km2. It is located on NH 2 between Dumri and Govindpur. Topchanchi Wildlife sanctuary is the extension of Parasnath hills located in Giridih district.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) Inferred from DNA and Morphology 141-204 77 (1): 141 – 204 2019
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 77 Autor(en)/Author(s): Mally Richard, Hayden James E., Neinhuis Christoph, Jordal Bjarte H., Nuss Matthias Artikel/Article: The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology 141-204 77 (1): 141 – 204 2019 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2019. The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology Richard Mally *, 1, James E. Hayden 2, Christoph Neinhuis 3, Bjarte H. Jordal 1 & Matthias Nuss 4 1 University Museum of Bergen, Natural History Collections, Realfagbygget, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; Richard Mally [richard. [email protected], [email protected]], Bjarte H. Jordal [[email protected]] — 2 Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Ser- vices, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA; James E. Hayden [[email protected]] — 3 Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Botanik, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Christoph Neinhuis [[email protected]] — 4 Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde, Königsbrücker Landstraße 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany; Matthias Nuss [[email protected]] — * Corresponding author Accepted on March 14, 2019. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on May 17, 2019. Published in print on June 03, 2019. Editors in charge: Brian Wiegmann & Klaus-Dieter Klass. Abstract. Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae form a species-rich monophylum of Crambidae (snout moths). Morphological distinction of the two groups has been diffcult in the past, and the morphologically heterogenous Spilomelinae has not been broadly accepted as a natural group due to the lack of convincing apomorphies.
    [Show full text]