Biodiversity and Conservation of Wildlife and Natural Habitats
Chapter 21 Biodiversity and conservation of wildlife and natural habitats Raúl Castroa, Ainhize Uriartea, Amalia Martínez de Murguíab and Ángel Borjaa a AZTI Foundation, Department of Oceanography and Marine Environment; Herrera Kaia, Portualdea s/n, Pasaia, Spain b Sociedad de Oceanografía de Gipuzkoa (AQUARIUM · Plaza Carlos Blasco de Imaz, s/n · 20003 San Sebastián) 21.1. Introduction: the international legislative framework Marine biodiversity management includes both species conservation and marine habitats, by means of an increasing international legislative framework. The international treaties include: the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, signed in Washington on 03/03/1973 (CITES; www.cites.org); the Convention on Migratory Species, signed in Bonn on 23/06/79 (CMS); the Ramsar Convention of Wetlands, signed in Ramsar on 02/02/1971 (Ramsar); the Convention on Biological Diversity (Biodiv), signed in Rio de Janeiro on 05/06/1992; and the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, signed in Washington on 02/12/1946 (IWCoffice). On the other hand, the Spanish Government signed the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, in Bern on 19/09/1979 (Bern Convention), a regional treaty for the European conservation of wildlife and the natural environment, by means of inter-state cooperation. The Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention) was signed also by Spain in Paris, on 22/09/1992. Finally, the Convention for the Afroeuroasiatic Migrating Aquatic Birds Conservation was signed in La Hague, on 15/08/96 (BOE nº 256, 11/12/01).
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