DOCSLIB.ORG

Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial Escuela De

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial Escuela De UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA EQUINOCCIAL ESCUELA DE TURISMO, HOTELERÍA Y GASTRONOMÍA FACULTAD DE TURISMO Y PRESERVACIÓN AMBIENTAL TESIS DE GRADO PREVIO A LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE INGENIERO EN GESTIÓN TURÍSTICA Y AMBIENTE AUTOR: SANTIAGO JOSÉ VACA ÁLVAREZ DIRECTOR: Msc. MAURICIO BALAREZO QUITO – ECUADOR JUNIO 2015. Dedicatoria. Dedico mi trabajo primeramente a Dios quien es, ha sido y siempre será mi guía, mi fuerza y mi soporte, a lo largo de todo mi camino. Agradecimiento. Agradezco a mi familia, a mi novia, amigos y a todas aquellas personas que estuvieron conmigo brindándome su apoyo, fuerza y cariño para poder culminar mis estudios. PLAN DE CONTENIDOS. I. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO....................................................................................................... 2 II. TEMA: .................................................................................................................................. 3 PLAN DE MARKETING TURÍSTICO PARA EL CANTÓN CAYAMBE. ........................... 3 DEFINICIÓN DEL PROBLEMA. ............................................................................................ 3 III. IMPORTANCIA Y JUSTIFICACIÓN. .............................................................................. 3 IV. INTRODUCCIÓN. .............................................................................................................. 4 V. OBJETIVOS. ........................................................................................................................ 6 Objetivo general: .................................................................................................................... 6 Objetivos específicos: ............................................................................................................ 6 CAPÍTULO I. ............................................................................................................................ 7 MARCO REFERENCIAL. ........................................................................................................ 7 1. CONCEPTO DE TURISMO. ................................................................................................ 7 1.1 IMPORTANCIA DEL TURISMO EN EL ECUADOR. ................................................ 7 1.2 MERCADO TURÍSTICO. ............................................................................................... 9 1.3 LA OFERTA Y LA DEMANDA. ................................................................................. 10 1.3.1 LA OFERTA TURÍSTICA NACIONAL. .............................................................. 10 1.3.2 DEMANDA TURÍSTICA NACIONAL. ............................................................... 11 1.4. EL CANTÓN CAYAMBE. .......................................................................................... 12 1.4.1 ANTECEDENTES DEL CANTÓN CAYAMBE. ................................................. 12 1.5 ANTECEDENTES GEOGRÁFICOS. .......................................................................... 13 1.5.1 UBICACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA: .............................................................................. 13 1.5.2 DELIMITACIÓN DE LA ZONA DE ESTUDIO. ................................................. 13 1.6 VIDA POLÍTICA DEL CANTÓN. ............................................................................... 14 1.6.1 CANTONIZACIONES. .......................................................................................... 15 1.7 DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS PARROQUIAS DEL CANTÓN CAYAMBE. ................... 16 1.8 ETIMOLOGÍA. ............................................................................................................. 20 1.8.1 EL NOMBRE DE CAYAMBE Y SU SIGNIFICADO. ......................................... 20 1.9. HISTORIA. ................................................................................................................... 20 1.10 GEOGRAFÍA FÍSICA. ................................................................................................ 22 1.11 OROGRAFÍA. ............................................................................................................. 23 1.11.1 EL NEVADO CAYAMBE. .................................................................................. 23 1.12 HIDROLOGÍA. ........................................................................................................... 25 1.13 CLIMA. ........................................................................................................................ 25 1.14 FLORA. ....................................................................................................................... 25 1.15 FAUNA. ....................................................................................................................... 26 1.15.1 ÁREAS NATURALES RESERVADAS. ............................................................ 27 ii 1.15.2 ÁREAS RECREACIONALES Y TURÍSTICAS. ................................................ 27 1.16 ECONOMÍA Y PRODUCCIÓN. ................................................................................ 28 1.17 INDUSTRIAS. ............................................................................................................. 29 1.17.1 MINERÍA. ............................................................................................................ 30 1.17.2 ENERGÍA. ............................................................................................................ 30 1.18 VIALIDAD. ................................................................................................................. 30 CAPÍTULO II .......................................................................................................................... 32 2. SISTEMAS TURÍSTICOS EN EL CANTÓN CAYAMBE. .............................................. 32 2.1 DEFINICIÓN:................................................................................................................ 32 2.2 ATRACTIVOS TURÍSTICOS EN EL CANTÓN CAYAMBE: .................................. 34 2.2.1 PARROQUIA DE ASCÁZUBI. ............................................................................. 35 2.2.2 PARROQUIA DE AYORA. ................................................................................... 36 2.2.3 PARROQUIA DE CANGAHUA. .......................................................................... 37 2.2.4 PARROQUIA DE CAYAMBE. ............................................................................. 37 2.2.5 PARROQUIA DE SANTA ROSA DE CUZUBAMBA. ....................................... 39 2.2.6 PARROQUIA DE JUAN MONTALVO. ............................................................... 40 2.2.7 PARROQUIA DE OLMEDO. ................................................................................ 41 2.2.8 PARROQUIA DE OTÓN. ...................................................................................... 42 2.3 PLANTA TURÍSTICA. ................................................................................................. 47 2.4 INFRAESTRUCTURA: ................................................................................................ 50 2.5 VÍAS DE COMUNICACIÓN Y TRANSPORTE:........................................................ 53 2.6 POLÍTICAS DE DESARROLLO: ................................................................................ 54 CAPÍTULO III ......................................................................................................................... 56 3. PRODUCTOS TURÍSTICOS POTENCIALES EN EL CANTÓN CAYAMBE. .............. 56 3.1 DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS PRODUCTOS TURÍSTICOS DEL CANTÓN. .................. 56 3.1.1 Turismo Comunitario: ............................................................................................. 56 3.1.2 Turismo Cultural: .................................................................................................... 67 3.1.3 Manifestaciones Culturales: .................................................................................... 69 3.1.4 Gastronomía y Agroturismo: .................................................................................. 73 3.1.5 Turismo de Aventura: ............................................................................................. 78 CAPÍTULO IV......................................................................................................................... 85 4. ESTUDIO DE MERCADO. ................................................................................................ 85 4.1 OBJETIVOS: ................................................................................................................. 86 4.2 METODOLOGÍA. ......................................................................................................... 87 4.3 DETERMINACIÓN DE LA MUESTRA: .................................................................... 87 4.4 INSTRUMENTOS DE APLICACIÓN, ENCUESTA. ................................................ 89 4.5 ANÁLISIS DE ENCUESTAS, RESULTADOS: .......................................................... 95 iii 4.6 CONCLUSIONES DEL ESTUDIO DE MERCADO. ................................................ 110 4.7 ANÁLISIS DE LA OFERTA Y LA DEMANDA EN EL CANTÓN CAYAMBE. ... 114 4.8 ANÁLISIS FODA. ...................................................................................................... 118 4.8.1 CONCLUSIONES ANÁLISIS FODA. ................................................................ 120 4.9 ESTRATEGIAS PROPUESTAS PARA EL MEJORAMIENTO TURÍSTICO DEL CANTÓN CAYAMBE: ....................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador: Structure, Eruptive History and Hazards
    Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 91Ž. 1999 1±21 www.elsevier.comrlocaterjvolgeores Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador: structure, eruptive history and hazards Minard L. Hall a,1, Claude Robin b,), Bernardo Beate c, Patricia Mothes a,1, Michel Monzier a,d,2 a Instituto Geofõsico,ÂÂ Escuela Politecnica Nacional, P.O. Box 1701-2759, Quito, Ecuador b Institut de Recherches Pour le DeÂÕeloppement() IRD, ex-ORSTOM , UR 6, OPGC, 5 Rue Kessler, 63038, Clermont-Ferrand, France c Departamento de Geologõa,ÂÂÂ Facultad de Geologõa, Minas y Petroleos, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, P.O. Box 1701-2759, Quito, Ecuador d Institut de Recherches pour le DeÂÕeloppement() IRD, ex-ORSTOM , UR 6, A.P. 17-11-6596, Quito, Ecuador Accepted 25 March 1999 Abstract Tungurahua, one of Ecuador's most active volcanoes, is made up of three volcanic edifices. Tungurahua I was a 14-km-wide andesitic stratocone which experienced at least one sector collapse followed by the extrusion of a dacite lava series. Tungurahua II, mainly composed of acid andesite lava flows younger than 14,000 years BP, was partly destroyed by the last collapse event, 2955"90 years ago, which left a large amphitheater and produced a ;8-km3 debris deposit. The avalanche collided with the high ridge immediately to the west of the cone and was diverted to the northwest and southwest for ;15 km. A large lahar formed during this event, which was followed in turn by dacite extrusion. Southwestward, the damming of the Chambo valley by the avalanche deposit resulted in a ;10-km-long lake, which was subsequently breached, generating another catastrophic debris flow.
    [Show full text]
  • Determinación Del Volumen Del Casquete De Hielo Del Volcán Cotopaxi
    DETERMINACIÓN DEL VOLUMEN DEL CASQUETE DE HIELO DEL VOLCÁN COTOPAXI M. Hall – P. Mothes INAMHI Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología IRD Institut de Recherche pour le Développement IG-EPN Instituto de Geofísica de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional INGEOMINAS Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería Por Bolívar Cáceres, Jair Ramírez, Bernard Francou, Jean-Philippe Eissen, Jean-Denis Taupin, Ekkehard Jordan, Lars Ungerechts, Luis Maisincho, Diego Barba, Eric Cadier, Rodolphe Bucher, Arturo Peñafiel, Pablo Samaniego, Patricia Mothes 2 “Un nevado de los alrededores, que se llama Cotopaxi, se había despertado después de 200 años, después de tantos años de silencio, para recomenzar a echar fuego y llamas y una gran cantidad de polvo sulfuroso que se iba disipando hasta perderse en las inmediaciones: la hierba y las praderas se ahogaron. La mayor parte del ganado, que no encontró nada que pastar en los campos, murió de hambre y necesidad, y este polvo se extendió más de 60 leguas a la redonda. El año pasado, desde el mes de noviembre hasta ahora, hubo los daños más terribles; el fuego interno, que fundió la nieve de la cual estaba cubierta la cima de la montaña, formó un torrente tan terrible que se llevó consigo casas, terrenos, hombres, mujeres, manufacturas de textiles de las comarcas, echó abajo la mayoría de los puentes que desde las calles del poblado cruzan las diferentes corrientes de agua que descienden de esta montaña y nos causaron además, por infección del aire, una enfermedad también llamada Cotopaxi, que no era otra cosa que la parodititis conglomerada”. Joseph de Jussieu, 16 de marzo, 1745, Lettre à son frère.
    [Show full text]
  • ECUADOR's FORGOTTEN VOLCANO the Eruption
    Desastes en la Región ECUADOR’S FORGOTTEN VOLCANO The Eruption of Reventador Ecuador, one of the countries with the largest number of active volcanoes in the world, awoke on Sunday 3 November to a volcanic emergency. Since not enough funds are available to monitor all volcanoes, the Geophysical Institute of the National Polytechnic School— the body in charge of such surveillance— had not been paying too much attention to Reventador volcano, located 95 Km East of Quito, in the province of Napo, which had lain dormant for 26 years. Such was not the case that morning, though, as violent explosions flung gases, pyroclastic flows and large amounts of ash that reached an altitude of 16 Km. Residents of nearby communities in Napo and Sucumbíos provinces, frightened by the magnitude of the eruption, fled the area. “On Sunday we left in a hurry as soon as we saw that the mountain was starting to spit fire,” said a cattleman from the Chaco, the area nearest the volcano. The lava flows followed the course of Maker River, on the volcano’s slopes, and caused several landslides that cut off the main highway between Quito and Lago Agrio, the capital of Sucumbíos. Easterly winds blowing in the direction of Quito covered everything in their path—fields, rivers, houses, cattle, reservoirs—with dense ash. The population of Oyacachi, one of the most severely affected towns, reported that by 11 in the morning darkness was almost total. The ash reached Quito by 1:30 in the afternoon, wrapping the city in a grey cloud that made it almost impossible to breathe.
    [Show full text]
  • Cayambeantisana Skills Expedition
    The Spirit of Alpinism www.AlpineInstitute.com [email protected] Administrative Office: 360-671-1505 Equipment Shop: 360-671-1570 Cayambe­Antisana Skills Expedition Program Itinerary Copyright 2015, American Alpine Institute Day 1: Arrive ­Quito (9500 ft / 2895 m) – Start of Part 1 This is the first scheduled day of the program. Arrive in Quito and meet your guide and other members of the expedition at Hotel Reina Isabel. The first day is designated for travel to Ecuador and becoming situated in country. For those who arrive early, we will provide you with a variety of sight seeing options including a tour of the historic colonial sector of Quito and El Panecillo overlooking the city. We will spend the night at Hotel Reina Isabel. Day 2: Acclimatize ­ Otavalo Market After meeting the rest of your group for breakfast, we will drive north, crossing the line of the Equator on our way to the Otavalo market. We begin our acclimatization by exploring the market which is filled with indigenous crafts and food. For lunch, we will take a leisurely walk to Lago de San Pablo and dine on the lake shore across from the dormant Imbabura Volcano (15,255ft). We will return to Hotel Reina Isabel for the evening. Day 3: Acclimatize ­ Cerro Pasochoa (13,776 ft / 4199 m) Today we will go on our first acclimatization hike on Cerro Pasochoa. The Pasochoa Wildlife Refuge has been protected since 1982, and exists as it did in pre­Colombian times. In the forest below Cerro Pasochoa we will hike among stands of pumamaqui, polyapis, podocarpus, and sandlewood trees as we watch for some of the more than one hundred species of native birds.
    [Show full text]
  • Area Changes of Glaciers on Active Volcanoes in Latin America Between 1986 and 2015 Observed from Multi-Temporal Satellite Imagery
    Journal of Glaciology (2019), 65(252) 542–556 doi: 10.1017/jog.2019.30 © The Author(s) 2019. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Area changes of glaciers on active volcanoes in Latin America between 1986 and 2015 observed from multi-temporal satellite imagery JOHANNES REINTHALER,1,2 FRANK PAUL,1 HUGO DELGADO GRANADOS,3 ANDRÉS RIVERA,2,4 CHRISTIAN HUGGEL1 1Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 2Centro de Estudios Científicos, Valdivia, Chile 3Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico 4Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Chile, Chile Correspondence: Johannes Reinthaler <[email protected]> ABSTRACT. Glaciers on active volcanoes are subject to changes in both climate fluctuations and vol- canic activity. Whereas many studies analysed changes on individual volcanoes, this study presents for the first time a comparison of glacier changes on active volcanoes on a continental scale. Glacier areas were mapped for 59 volcanoes across Latin America around 1986, 1999 and 2015 using a semi- automated band ratio method combined with manual editing using satellite images from Landsat 4/5/ 7/8 and Sentinel-2. Area changes were compared with the Smithsonian volcano database to analyse pos- sible glacier–volcano interactions. Over the full period, the mapped area changed from 1399.3 ± 80 km2 − to 1016.1 ± 34 km2 (−383.2 km2)or−27.4% (−0.92% a 1) in relative terms.
    [Show full text]
  • Landing Helicoptero
    New Helicopter Tours Watch Video GENERAL DESCRIPTION Flying over the Avenue of the Volcanoes from the comfort and vantage point of a state-of-the-art helicopter is a once in a lifetime experience for all those seeking a luxurious rush. You’ll have the city of Quito under your feet and impressive views all around that showcase the wide variety of Ecuadorian landscapes. Mountains, rivers and waterfalls all come into view for excellent photo opportunities and an unforgettable memory, creating an experience that can only be compared to the wonder seen in epic movies. Ask about prices, additional fees, medical restrictions and the best times to make this exclusive activity a reality. And don’t forget to bring your camera and adventurous spirit along! SEAT CONFIGURATION ROUTES Route 1 Route 2 Route 3 Route 4 Quito ROUTE 1: TAMBILLO, WATERFALLS, COTOPAXI, RUMIÑAHUI Get familiar with some of Ecuador’s most beautiful views while flying up high on this brief but wholly satisfying ride. Flight time: 35 minutes Flight distance: ≈ 71 km (44 mi) ROUTE 2: TAMBILLO, WATERFALLS, COTOPAXI, RUMIÑAHUI, MACHACHI Fly over the outskirts of Quito and admire its fertile farmlands surrounded by rocky mountains gorgeous waterfalls, and majestic volcanoes. Flight time: 39 minutes Flight distance: ≈ 82 km (50 mi) ROUTE 3: TAMBILLO, ANTISANA, COTOPAXI, RUMIÑAHUI, MACHACHI A flight along Quito’s perimeter brings us face-to-face with the Andes’ most impressive features, from snow-capped volcanoes to gigantic mountains that many adventurers explore on weekends. Flight time: 56 minutes Flight distance: ≈ 123 km (76 mi) ROUTE 4: TAMBILLO, MACHACHI, RUMIÑAHUI, COTOPAXI, ANTISANA, CAYAMBE, QUITO An expansive journey that goes as far as the Middle of the World allows us to experience a wide variety of spectacular landscapes and scenery that surround the capital.
    [Show full text]
  • Ccotopaxi & Chimborazo
    Ccotopaxi & chimborazo - the ring of fire trek 13 days of pure adventure which includes reaching the summits of 4 of Ecuador’s highest volcanoes. Your go to high altitude experts from Everest to Kili and all the adventures inbetween What's inside? About the Ring of Fire Expedition 3 Why trek with EverTrek? 4 What’s included? 7 What to expect on the trek 8 Best time to go 9 How fit do I need to be? 10 Your itinerary 11 Equipment list 23 Chat to our Yetis 25 2 about cotopaxi and chimbarazo The Cotopaxi and Chimbarazo - Ring of Fire trek takes you through the ‘Avenue of Volcanoes’ as it’s called locally. It’s 13 days of awesome adventure which includes reaching the summits of 4 of Ecuador’s highest volcanoes, Imbabura (4560m), Cayambe (5790m) Cotopaxi (5897m) and finally the mighty Chimborazo (6268m). This is a true South American adventure offering you full immersion into the sights and sounds of Ecuador as well as experiencing altitude in one of the world’s most beautiful mountain ranges. 3 Why trek with eveRtrek? Are the mountains calling you again? EverTrek are the UK’s leading specialists in hardcore high altitude trekking. Why our customers think we’re awesome? We spend more time on preparing our EverTrekkers and truly believe they are the best prepared trekkers on the mountain with a success rate of over 95% (industry standard 65%). You get a personalised trip planner which will be your trekking bible for both before and during the trek to help prepare you practically, mentally & physically.
    [Show full text]
  • Antisana Volcano: a Representative Andesitic Volcano of the Eastern Cordillera of Ecuador: Petrography, Chemistry, Tephra and Glacial Stratigraphy
    Journal of South American Earth Sciences 73 (2017) 50e64 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames Antisana volcano: A representative andesitic volcano of the eastern cordillera of Ecuador: Petrography, chemistry, tephra and glacial stratigraphy * Minard L. Hall a, , Patricia A. Mothes a, Pablo Samaniego b, Annemarie Militzer d, Bernardo Beate c, Patricio Ramon a, Claude Robin b a Instituto Geofísico, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Casilla 1701-2759, Quito, Ecuador b Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Universite Blaise Pascal - CNRS - IRD, Campus Universitaire des Cezeaux, 6 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178, Aubiere, France c Dept. Geología, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Casilla 1701-2759, Quito, Ecuador d Institute for Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat€ Mainz, Germany article info abstract Article history: Antisana volcano is representative of many active andesitic strato-volcanoes of Pleistocene age in Received 28 May 2016 Ecuador's Eastern Cordillera. This study represents the first modern geological and volcanological Received in revised form investigation of Antisana since the late 1890's; it also summarizes the present geochemical under- 2 November 2016 standing of its genesis. The volcano's development includes the formation and destruction of two older Accepted 26 November 2016 edifices (Antisana I and II) during some 400 þ ka. Antisana II suffered a sector collapse about 15,000 Available online 29 November 2016 years ago which was followed by the birth and growth of Antisana III. During its short life Antisana III has generated 50 eruptions of small to medium intensity, often associated with andesitic to dacitic lava Keywords: fl Long-lived evolving andesitic volcanism ows and tephra, as well as with late Pleistocene and Holocene glacial advances.
    [Show full text]
  • Sangay Volcano: Ecuador
    Sangay Volcano: Ecuador drishtiias.com/printpdf/sangay-volcano-ecuador Why in News Recently, Ecuador’s Sangay volcano erupted. Key Points About Sangay Volcano: Sangay volcano is one of the highest active volcanoes in the world and one of Ecuador's most active ones. Sangay is the southernmost stratovolcano (a volcano built up of alternate layers of lava and ash) in the northern volcanic zone of the Andes. It is 5230 m high. The Andes is the longest above water mountain range in the world and boasts some of the highest peaks. Sangay National Park is located in the central part of Ecuador on the Andes mountains' eastern side. It is a world heritage site. Eruptions: The earliest report of a historical eruption was in 1628. More or less continuous eruptions were reported from 1728 until 1916, and again from 1934 to the present. Sangay has had frequent eruptions in historic times, mostly of strombolian type. Other Major Volcanoes of Ecuador: Ecuador, part of the Pacific Rim’s “Ring of Fire” region, has eight volcanoes such as Cotopaxi (5,897m), Cayambe (5,790m), Pichincha (4,784m) etc. in its territory. 1/3 Volcanic Eruptions About: Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent. The most common consequences of this are population movements as large numbers of people are often forced to flee the moving lava flow. Types: Volcanic activity and volcanic areas are commonly divided into six major types: Icelandic: It is characterized by effusions of molten basaltic lava that flow from long, parallel fissures. Such outpourings often build lava plateaus.
    [Show full text]
  • Cayambe to Cotopaxi, Ecuador
    Cayambe to Cotopaxi, Ecuador DAY 2: Head out on horseback to explore the sleepy Itinerary Zuleta Valley (c. 6 hours), with a saddlebag picnic Day 1: The meeting point is Quito city or Quito airport. packed for lunch. Perhaps catch sight of local ladies in their brightly coloured skirts, watching over their From Quito, begin the journey north by road (c. 2 sheep and pigs as they work at their embroidery. hours). There may be time to stop as you cross the equator line. Continue your journey and visit the market at Cayambe. As well as local crafts, there are stalls bursting with exotic fruit and vegetables. Local men and women, in traditional dress, come down from their farms in the mountains to sell their produce and buy weekly supplies. Traverse a picturesque landscape with dramatic views across to the hanging valleys and rocky ridges. You might stop along the way to see the ancient tumuli and earth pyramids erected by the pre-Inca population of the area. You might also spot the mighty Andean condor overhead, as well as other species such as hummingbirds and bright scarlet flycatchers. Meet the horses at the entrance to the Zuleta Valley and set off on an introductory ride (c. 3-4 hours). Ride over a ridge affording wide-ranging views of verdant hills. Lunch will be a picnic out on the trail. Later, descend into the valley below and reach the first overnight stop – a working dairy farm and Andalucian stud. Dinner and overnight at Hacienda La Merced, (or similar). DAY 3: You may be woken by sounds of the cows being milked, or the Andalucian stallions heading out to their fields.
    [Show full text]
  • Late Holocene Eruptive Activity at Nevado Cayambe Volcano, Ecuador
    1; . II Bull Volcano1 (1998) 59:451459 O Springer-Verlag 1998 P. Samaniego * M. Monzier . C. Robin M. L. HaII- Late Holocene eruptive activity at Nevado Cayambe Volcano, Ecuador Received: 5 July 1997 I Accepted: 21 October 1997 Abstract Four Late Holocene pyroclastic units com- Ecuador, 60 km northeast of Quito (Fig. 1). During the posed of block and ash flows, surges, ashfalls of silicic last centuries, the only signs of activity on this large andesite and dacite composition, and associated lahar edifice have been strong sulphur smells reported by deposits represent the recent products emitted by mountaineers. However, in a paper summarizing the domes on the upper part of Nevado Cayambe, a large Holocene tephrostratigraphy of the principal Ecuado- ice-capped volcano 60 km northeast of Quito. These rian volcanoes, Hall and Mothes (1994) report six re- units are correlated stratigraphically with fallout depos- gional fallout deposits probably related to recent activi- its (ash and lapilli) exposed in a peat bog. Based on I4C ty of Nevado Cayambe (i.e., < 10000 years BP). More- dating of the peat and charcoal, the following ages were over, a letter written in 1802 to A. Von Humboldt, re- obtained: - 910 years BP for the oldest unit, lating a volcanic event at Nevado Cayambe in 1785- 680-650 years BP for the second, and 400-360 years BP 1786, has recently been published (Ascásubi, 1802, in for the two youngest units. Moreover, the detailed "Briefe aus Amerika" by Ulrike Moheit, 1993). This tephrochronology observed in the peat bog and in oth- event, previously unknown to the volcanological com- er sections implies at least 21 volcanic events during the munity, seems to be the only historic eruption of the last 4000 years, comprising three principal eruptive volcano.
    [Show full text]
  • Ana Carolina Ortega García
    UNIVERSIDAD SAN FRANCISCO DE QUITO Análisis de riesgos naturales en la subcuenca del río Blanco, desde su origen hasta la ciudad de Cayambe, provincia de Pichincha Ana Carolina Ortega García Tesis de grado presentada como requisito para la obtención del título de Ingeniera Civil Quito Abril de 2012 Universidad San Francisco de Quito Colegio Politécnico HOJA DE APROBACIÓN DE TESIS Análisis de riesgos naturales en la subcuenca del río Blanco, desde su origen hasta la ciudad de Cayambe, provincia de Pichincha Ana Carolina Ortega García Miguel Araque, Ing. ………………………………….. Director de Tesis Santiago Gangotena G., Ph. D. ………………………………….. Decano del Colegio Politécnico Fernando Romo P., Ing. ………………………………….. Decano de Ingeniería Civil Quito, Abril 2012 iii © Derechos de autor: Ana Carolina Ortega García 2012 iv AGRADECIMIENTO Mi agradecimiento especial a Dios, por haberme permitido culminar mi carrera con satisfacción y orgullo. A mi madre, padre y hermanos porque sin su apoyo y cariño no hubiese alcanzado, ésta, mi mayor meta y por haber confiado en mí en todo momento y no dudaron de mis capacidades. A Felipe Morales por su apoyo y amor constante, que día a día me ha dado fuerzas para cumplir mi objetivo. Al ingeniero Francisco Torres por transmitirme sus experiencias, conocimientos y brindarme la gran motivación por la carrera. Al ingeniero Gustavo Vizcaíno y a Sebastián Gutiérrez que han sabido ser compañeros, amigos y hermanos en cada momento preciso, dándome apoyo y enseñándome que en la vida siempre hay que tener una sonrisa así se tenga un mal momento. A la Universidad San Francisco de Quito y a la facultad Politécnica por haber sido la sede en donde obtuve mis conocimientos y por abrirme las puertas para prepararme para un futuro competitivo dándome la oportunidad de ser una profesional.
    [Show full text]