2018 Data on Chinese Official MLT Export and Trade‐related Programs

EXIM’s Charter instructs EXIM to estimate foreign ECA activity and include it in the annual Competitiveness Report. Therefore, EXIM gathers data and then estimates the 1 size and scope of ’s official MLT export credit and trade-related programs. Since China EXIM and publish their annual reports under a 2-year time -lag with data that is not detailed enough, often difficult to decipher, and missing information, the true scope, scale, and details of the Chinese government’s official export and trade- related activity is unknown. For example, the reporting from China EXIM had been on exposure basis by sector then their reporting excluded sectoral information the next year. Therefore, each year EXIM utilizes multiple open sources and research techniques to gather information on China’s official activity.

EXIM generates a list of potential projects for inclusion in the Competitiveness Report based on online tools. EXIM’s research pulls information from English and certain Mandarin sources when possible, including newspapers, press releases, official websites, academic papers, and government reports from across the globe. EXIM uses the web search tools below, among others, to compile a database of potential Chinese export and trade-related projects:

• Emerging Markets Information Service (EMIS) Intelligence • Google Alerts • Bloomberg • EBSCO Information Services • Lexis Nexis (Lexis Advance) • TXF

For more information, refer to the CY 2018 China Methodology note. To encourage other researchers and experts in the field to further expand or clarify any relevant research, any interested parties that wish to provide feedback or recommendations on the process and findings can make further inquiries to [email protected]. Note: All data is as of June 30, 2019. This database is a living document, which EXIM modifies on a continuous basis as further research is conducted and new information is received. The information contained in this database, and the methodology used, is subject to change based on further research and available resources. EXIM attempts to verify the validity of the financial terms and conditions of the transactions within the database, refines its methodology, and compares its findings with intragovernmental and external sources. While EXIM makes every effort to find and verify data from official sources, the data in this database should be taken as estimates, and it has not been verified or confirmed by the Chinese government, or any other foreign government entity mentioned in the data.

12 U.S.C. 635g-1(a)(1) 1 Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source http://www6.lexisnexis.com/publisher/EndUser?Acti on=UserDisplayFullDocument&orgId=102574&Em= 1&topicId=158550017&docId=l:2895093414&start= 1&md5=b0e6639c9551f990583b94211ea37bd7&se ndDate=20181009 ; http://www.angop.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/econo Bom Jesus Industrial and mia/2018/4/20/Angola-negotiates-new-financing- International Commercial of Angolan and-,6c763f6b-c97a-49f8-aead- Angola Airport China government 1,280 No edb8e0102b99.html

Daily Star (https://www.thedailystar.net/business/chinas-26b- -may-get-approval-today-1554910); The Daily Padma Bridge Export-Import Bank of Bangladesh Preferential Star http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/padma- Bangladesh railway link project China Railway (BR) Buyer's Credit 3,140 Yes rail-deal-china-year-1441765 A new 660MW unit of a 1,320MW power plant in Kalapara near Daily Star Payra Sea Port in Export-Import Bank of (https://www.thedailystar.net/business/chinas-26b- Bangladesh Patuakhali. China 1,280 Yes loan-may-get-approval-today-1554910) Modernisation of Telecommunicatio Daily Star n Network for Export-Import Bank of (https://www.thedailystar.net/business/chinas-26b- Bangladesh Digital Connectivity China 231 Yes loan-may-get-approval-today-1554910) The Daily Star Rajshahi Wasa (https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/n water treatment Export-Import Bank of ews/ecnecs-flurry-project-approval-continues- Bangladesh plant China ECNEC 276 Yes 1646014) Belarus News (http://eng.belta.by/economics/view/china-to-grant- belarus-25-billion-yuan-concessional-loan-for- project-in-agribusiness-112481-2018/); High tech (https://eng.belta.by/economics/view/belarusian- investment in Export-Import Bank of Belarus Ministry Concessional biotechnology-corporation-starts-building-high-tech- Belarus agribusiness China of Finance Loan 364 No agricultural-company-113625-2018/) Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source Belarus News Minsk District http://eng.belta.by/economics/view/belarus-china- special-purpose Export-Import Bank of Preferential to-discuss-loan-for-plant-construction-in-minsk- Belarus machinery plant China Buyer's Credit 193 No district-101347-2017/ Energy Report (Translated) (https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s &source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUK EwiU2oe_qLHeAhVCqlkKHRhjByYQFjAKegQIARAB&u rl=http%3A%2F%2Freporteenergia.com%2Fv2%2F% 3Fp%3D9410&usg=AOvVaw28z8MOWBlp9N_dLUcc mCXI); (Translated) https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es El Mutun Steel Export-Import Bank of Preferential &u=http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018- Bolivia Plant China Buyer's Credit 369 No 01/30/c_136934687.htm&prev=search) Bloomberg First Word; JP https://www.reuters.com/article/bosnia-china- Bosnia and Export-Import Bank of Elektroprivreda Preferential loans/bosnia-secures-895-mln-energy-loan-from- Herzegovina Tuzla Power Plant China BiH (EPBiH) Buyer's Credit 732 No chinas-exim-bank-idUSL8N1NX3CF

Inside International Industrials (IIICorp) Export-Import Bank of https://www.iiicorp.com/?opportunities/opportunity China, China Vamtec Vitoria /54179?Auth=93917648-813b-4a22-94d8- Brazil Biodiesel project Development Bank SA 460 No 758d50439414 See News Finance (https://seenews.com/news/bulgarias-navibulgar- construction of 6 Export-Import Bank of signs-94-mln-loan-deal-with-exim-bank-of-china- Bulgaria bulk carriers China Navibulgar 94 Yes 619584) Sydney Morning Herald Ouagadougou to (https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/china- Bobo-Dioulasso Export-Import Bank of Concessional cements-fresh-burkina-faso-ties-with-hospital-and- Burkina Faso Highway China Loan 1,300 No highway-20180808-p4zw4e.html) Cambodia's Reuters Ministry of (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cambodia- Phnom Penh Ring Export-Import Bank of Economy and Concessional china/china-lends-cambodia-259-million-to-build- Cambodia Road No 3 China Finance Loan 259 No new-road-idUSKBN1KA0G6) Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source

Khmer Times http://www.khmertimeskh.com/news/24197/chines e-firm-seeks-funding-for-sihanoukville-expressway/; (http://www.infrapppworld.com/news/megaproject- Sihanoukville Export-Import Bank of 1095-us-1-8-billion-expressway-ppp-in-cambodia- Cambodia Expressway China 1,800 No reaches-commercial-close) Business in Cameroon (https://www.businessincameroon.com/public- Phase II of Sanaga Cameroon management/2103-7894-cameroon-eximbank- Water Supply Export-Import Bank of Economic china-to-fund-the-second-phase-of-the-water- Cameroon Project China Ministry 77 Yes supply-project) Dominican Today (https://dominicantoday.com/dr/economy/2018/11/ Dominican Energy Distribution Export-Import Bank of 06/dominican-republic-gets-a-us600-0m-loan-from- Republic System China 600 Yes china/)

Help Cocobod to overhaul the cocoa sector and protect Reuters against global price Export-Import Bank of Export Buyer's https://af.reuters.com/article/africaTech/idAFL8N1 Ghana volatility China Cocobod Credit 500 Yes MT55P Technical universities and Business Ghana institutes upgrades (https://www.businessghana.com/site/news/genera and teaching Export-Import Bank of l/177170/Government-secures-100-million-dollars- Ghana materials China 100 Yes to-upgrade-technical-universities-infrastructure) Ghanaian government Two major waste (Ministery of sorting or transfer Sanitation and News Ghana stations in each of Export-Import Bank of Water https://www.newsghana.com.gh/ghana-consults- Ghana the 10 regions China Resources) 2,000 No with-investors-in-recycling-waste/ CNBC Africa https://www.cnbcafrica.com/news/west- africa/2018/03/14/chinas-eximbank-approves-1-3- 450 megawatt billion-guinea-hydro-plant/; Guinea: Request For A Souapiti Export-Import Bank of Three-Year Arrangement Under The Extended Guinea hydroelectric plant China 1,300 Yes Credit … (book) Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source Kaieteur News https://www.kaieteurnewsonline.com/2017/12/28/g ovt-awaits-us37-6m-loan-from-china/; https://www.stabroeknews.com/2018/news/guyana Guyana National Export-Import Bank of Guyana Concessional /09/23/guyana-gets-us36-5m-china-loan-for- Guyana Broadband Project China government Loan 37 No broadband-boost/ 152-km The Diplomat construction and https://thediplomat.com/2018/01/who-benefits- upgrade for the from-the-chinese-built-hungary-serbia-railway/; See Hungarian section News https://seenews.com/news/china-offers-18-yr- of the Budapest- Export-Import Bank of Hungarian Preferential loan-to-hungary-for-overhaul-of-rail-link-to-serbia- Hungary Belgrade railway China government Buyer's Credit 1,750 Yes 597483 Line of Credit for Financial Tribune electrification of (https://financialtribune.com/articles/economy- Tehran-Mashhad Export-Import Bank of business-and-markets/77994/17b-chinese-loc-for- Iran Railroad China 1,500 Yes iranian-rail-project) Modogashe- Habaswein- Samatar and Media Max Rhamu-Mandera Export-Import Bank of (http://www.mediamaxnetwork.co.ke/466494/state- Kenya roads China 81 Yes awards-sh15-billion-roads-tender/) Lesotho Times Ha Mpiti- Export-Import Bank of Lesotho Concessional (http://www.lestimes.com/govt-secures-m1-billion- Lesotho Sehlabathebe road China government Loan 102 No loan/) Market Screener Kamwamba Coal Export-Import Bank of Malawi (https://www.nyasatimes.com/exim-bank-china- Malawi Fired Power Plant China government 667 No finance-malawi-coal-fired-power-plant-project/) https://seenews.com/news/montenegrin-govt- expects-budget-deficit-of-26gdp-in-2018-591156; https://seenews.com/news/montenegros-pm- Bar-Boljare Export-Import Bank of Montenegrin Preferential expects-serbia-crbc-to-agree-motorway-project- Montenegro Motorway China Government Buyer's Credit 210 Yes financing-soon-606097 Modular refineries Nigerian This Day for the Flare Gas government (https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/09/0 Recovery Export-Import Bank of (Bank of 9/fg-secures-500m-exim-bank-loan-for-modular- Nigeria Programme China Industry) 500 Yes refineries/) Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source

(https://www.businessamlive.com/5-72bn-mambilla- Mambilla Export-Import Bank of power-loan-talks-with-chinese-government-making- Nigeria Hydropower Plant China 4,862 No progress-says-nigeria-power-minister/)

Reuters (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria- Export-Import Bank of Galaxy china-tech/china-loans-nigeria-328-million-to-boost- Nigeria Telecoms China Backbone 328 Yes telecoms-nigeria-presidency-idUSKCN1LH3MF) PunchNG http://www.punchng.com/ibadan-kaduna- railway-fg-submits-loan-requests-to-china/; The Daily Trust Ibadan-Kaduna Export-Import Bank of (https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/fg-negotiates-6-7bn- Nigeria railway project. China 5,678 No loan-for-ibadan-kaduna-rail-line-project.html) Export-Import , Industrial and Commercial Bank of IJ Global China, China (https://ijglobal.com/data/transaction/39561?name Construction Bank, =Hub%20Coal%20Power%20Plant%20(1320MW)&li Hub Coal Power Bank of nk=%2Farticles%2F131830%2Ffinancial-close-for- Pakistan Plant Communications 1,500 Yes china-backed-hub-coal-fired-in-pakistan) The National (https://www.thenational.com.pg/china-to-fund- cable-project/); PNG Kumul http://www.telecomreviewasia.com/index.php/new Papua New domestic Export-Import Bank of s/industry-news/1229-huawei-s-cable-contract- Guinea Submarine Cable China 200 No under-threat-from-australia-japan-and-us Radio NZ (https://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific- Papua New Transmission lines Export-Import Bank of news/359134/us145m-power-project-for-png-s- Guinea and substations China 145 Yes highlands-region) National Capital District The National Papua New Port Moseby Road Export-Import Bank of Commission (https://www.thenational.com.pg/ncdc-seeking- Guinea Upgrade China (NCDC) No chinese-loan-for-roads-in-port-moresby/) Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source

Department of Finance Philippines Chico River Export-Import Bank of Philippines Preferential (https://www.dof.gov.ph/index.php/dof-signs-infra- Philippines Irrigation Project China Government Buyer's Credit 62 Yes loan-accord-eco-cooperation-pact-with-china/)

Fin24 (https://www.fin24.com/Economy/Eskom/eskom- Kusile Power China Development inks-r334bn-loan-deal-with-china-development- South Africa Station Bank Eskom 2,500 No bank-20180724) South African Department of Water and News24 Mzimvubu Water Export-Import Bank of Sanitation, http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/china- South Africa Project China Treasury) 1,239 No to-score-in-r70bn-sa-projects-20170909 News24 http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/china- to-score-in-r70bn-sa-projects-20170909; Moloto Rail Passenger Rail https://mg.co.za/article/2017-11-10-00-transport- Development Export-Import Bank of Agency of South minister-has-said-china-rail-contract-will-deliver-sa- South Africa Corridor China Africa (PRASA) 4,145 No jobs Air Traffic Xinhua net Management Export-Import Bank of South Sudan (http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018- South Sudan System China Government 249 No 01/26/c_136925150.htm) Radio Tamazuj (https://radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/south- sudan-china-enter-into-169-million-road-project- Juba-Torit-Nadapal Export-Import Bank of deal); https://www.nyamile.com/2017/12/05/is-the- South Sudan Road China 169 No world-bank-being-misled-in-south-sudan/ Southern Sri Lankan Expressway government Department of External Resources Sri Lanka Extension (Department of (http://www.erd.gov.lk/index.php?option=com_cont Consultancy Export-Import Bank of External Concessional ent&view=article&id=114:news&catid=29&Itemid=2 Sri Lanka Contract China Resources) Loan 90 No 26&lang=en) Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source Sri Lankan Kandy North- government Department of External Resources Sri Lanka Pathadumbara (Department of (http://www.erd.gov.lk/index.php?option=com_cont Integrated Water Export-Import Bank of External Concessional ent&view=article&id=114:news&catid=29&Itemid=2 Sri Lanka Supply Project China Resources) Loan 255 No 26&lang=en) Economy Next http://www.economynext.com/China_Exim_Bank,_S Reservoir in Export-Import Bank of Sri Lankan Preferential ri_Lanka_s_People_s_Bank_funds_Thalpitigala_hydr Sri Lanka Thalpitigala China government Buyer's Credit 148 Yes opower,_reservoir-3-10250-8.html Department of External Resources Sri Lanka (http://www.erd.gov.lk/index.php?option=com_cont ent&view=article&id=166:two-loan-facilities-for- Improvement of road-and-railway-sector-development-of-the- Roads and 13 Export-Import Bank of Sri Lankan country&catid=28:news- Sri Lanka bridges China government 85 Yes events&Itemid=101&lang=en)

Uganda Rural Ugandan Rural Africa Oil and Power Electrification Export-Import Bank of Electrification (https://africaoilandpower.com/2018/10/24/uganda- Uganda Program China Agency 213 No receives-212-million-loan-for-rural-electrification/) Bloomberg https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-01- 17/uganda-says-first-phase-of-railway-to-kenya-to- cost-2-3-billion; Reuters http://www.reuters.com/article/uganda-railway- idUSL5N1FG36Q; Standard Gauge https://www.reuters.com/article/uganda- Railway (SGR), first Export-Import Bank of railways/uganda-to-finalise-china-loan-for-new- Uganda phase China 2,200 No railway-by-year-end-idUSL8N1XD4CR

Export-Import Bank of Uganda National Reuters http://www.reuters.com/article/uganda- Uganda Roads in oil area China Roads Authority 500 No loans-idUSL5N1GZ2CS Vanuatu Ministry of ABC Tanna and Finance and (https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-11-27/the- Malekula Road Export-Import Bank of Economic Concessional secret-documents-china-and-vanuatu-signed-at- Vanuatu Project Phase II China Management Loan 50 No apec/10557438) The Mast Cooperbelt Export-Import Bank of Zambian (https://www.themastonline.com/2018/02/21/govt- Zambia Province Roads China Government 197 No gets-470m-loan-from-china-for-lusaka-cb-roads/) Special type of Estimated Included* as Project Chinese Official Borrower/ support (if Amount USD an official** Country description Financing Entity Buyer applicable (millions) Export Credit Source Export-Import Bank of China, Industrial and The Mast Commercial Bank of Zambian (https://www.themastonline.com/2018/02/21/govt- Zambia L400 Road Projects China Government 2,015 Yes gets-470m-loan-from-china-for-lusaka-cb-roads/) Fin24 600 MW coal-fired Export-Import Bank of (https://www.fin24.com/Economy/zim-gets-1bn- Zimbabwe power plant China 1,000 No chinese-loan-for-power-generation-20180602-2) light rail system from an industrial city on the outskirts of Cairo Export-Import Bank of https://af.reuters.com/article/egyptNews/idAFS8N1 Egypt to a new capital China 1,200 Yes WR042 Export-Import Bank of Preferential http://www.eworldship.com/html/2018/ship_financ Poland 3 cargo vessels China Buyer's Credit 342 Yes e_1124/144912.html Reconstruction of Eloy Alfaro International Export-Import Bank of http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018- Ecuador airport China 21 No 11/24/c_137628401.htm Support infrastructure in China Development http://news.cnstock.com/news,jg-201811- Thailand Thailand Bank 290 No 4305294.htm https://fiber.ofweek.com/2018-12/ART-210022- 12008-30291042.html; Financement de Mali Mali Numerique Export-Import Bank of Concessional numérique 2020 : Le ministre Touré acquiert à Mali 2020 optical tunnel China loan 162 No l’unanimité le quitus des députés !

New Centennial Water Source- Export-Import Bank of http://www.eximbank.gov.cn/tm/Newlist/index_343 Philipines Kaliwa Dam Project China 236 Yes _31107.html https://www.bnamericas.com/en/news/infrastructu China Development re/argentina-obtains-china-funding-for-rail-rolling- Argentina Rail rolling stock Bank 278 No stock https://www.kazpravda.kz/en/news/economics/chin Checkpoints Export-Import Bank of Preferential a-to-provide-a-preferential-loan-to-kazakhstan-to- Kazakhstan upgrade China Buyer's Credit 298 Yes upgrade-eaeu-checkpoints-in-rk

*In an effort to avoid double counting, some projects which appeared to be export credits were excluded from the final totals if they were also assumed to receive Sinosure cover.

**Some projects receiving China Development Bank (CDB) support appeared to be export credits but were not included in the count of official export credits, as CDB is not one of

China's official export credit agencies.