RESOURCE BULLETIN Winter 2012 Volume 27 :: Number 2

endered erspectives Gon InternationalP Development

IN THIS ISSUE

Articles ...... 1

Audiovisuals ...... 4 Gree ngs from the Center for Gender in Global Context (GenCen) at Michigan State Monographs and Technical University, the host center for the Gender, Development, and Globaliza on (GDG) Reports ...... 6 Program, formerly the Women and Interna onal Development (WID) Program!

Periodicals ...... 12 As always, we encourage submissions and sugges ons from our readers! We especially invite graduate students, scholars, and professionals to review one of a Books...... 13 number of books that are available for review. We also encourage submissions by Study Opportunities...... 17 authors and publishers of relevant ar cles and books for inclusion in future issues.

Grants and Fellowships . . . . . 18 Remember, the current and most recent back issues issues of the Resource BulleƟ n, along with much of the Working Papers series, are now available online for free! Conferences...... 20 Visit gencen.msu.edu/gdg/publica ons.htm.

Calls for Papers...... 22 Thank you very much, and enjoy the Winter 2012 issue of the Gendered PerspecƟ ves on InternaƟ onal Development Resource BulleƟ n! Online Resources ...... 24

Book Review ...... 26

**The contents of this publicaƟ on were developed under a Title VI grant from the U.S. Department of EducaƟ on. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy or views of the U.S. Department of EducaƟ on.**

Execu ve Editor: Anne Ferguson, PhD Managing Editor: Meskerem Glegziabher Editorial Assistants: Varsha Koduvayur Rebecca Farnum Edited by: Galena Os pow AArticlesrticles

Development countries is a formidable challenge. International Journal for Equity in Volume 54, Issue 2, 2011 For this reason any interven on Health “Gendering Sustainability: Reframing should be kept logis cally simple and Volume 10, Ar cle 20, 2011 Sustainable Development as Gender incorporated into a general plan aiming “Factors Associated with Female Genital Jus ce,” by Yvonne Braun, pp. 209-211. at building gradually the infrastructure Mu la on in Burkina Faso and its For some, the wide applicability that is necessary to bring care to Policy Implica ons,” by B. Karmaker, N. of sustainability in development the popula on at large. The present Kandala, and D. Chung. Female genital discourse is celebrated as a signifi cant contribu on summarizes some of mu la on (FGM) is widely prac ced in achievement in mainstreaming the priori es in cancer preven on in some parts of Africa, although it can environmental awareness and developing countries and the underlying cause immediate complica ons (pain, responsibility. Others are wary of the evidence base, and addresses some of bleeding and infec on) and delayed “easy” incorpora on of sustainability the challenges. Some of the sugges ons complica ons (sexual, obstetric, into the dominant discourse of for preven on and management off ered psychological problems). This ar cle development, arguing that changing by the author include early screening asserts that several varied and complex seman cs, but not prac ces, creates no and treatment for palpable breast factors have been associated with an real environmental sustainability. While tumors, HPV, and cervical cancer as well increased likelihood of FGM in Burkina the cri que of the “greenwashing” as addressing the uncontrolled use of Faso, where the prevalence of this of development has garnered much carcinogens in industrial processes. harmful phenomenon appears to rise a en on, the role of social equity, in recent years. Introducing some including gender jus ce, has been Feminism and Psychology interes ng fi ndings, this ar cle makes largely invisible within the debate. In Volume 21, Issue 2, 2011 the following conclusions and presents this brief ar cle, Yvonne Braun points “Building Men’s Commitment to Ending the following policy implica ons: out the pi alls of widely appropriated Sexual Violence Against Women,” by M. although women from specifi c groups terms such as sustainability and gender Flood, pp. 262-267. Eff orts to prevent are less likely to have had FGM, it is mainstreaming which remain unclear sexual violence against women and s ll extremely common in Burkina and ill-defi ned and off ers instead the girls now increasingly take as given that Faso; deep cultural issues and strongly use of “gender jus ce” to approach they must engage men and boys. The personally-held beliefs are likely to be the issue of sustainability. She asserts theatre-based interven on described involved in the perpetua on of FGM; for that gender jus ce opens up the in the previous issue of Feminism and Chris an women, policy to reduce FGM possibility of reframing condi ons as Psychology (Rich, 2010) is one of a wave should focus on educa on, while for unjust, acknowledging the unacceptable of programs and strategies focused Muslim women, most benefi ts are likely imbalance of power, privilege, and on males. Using that interven on as to be gained from working with religious resultant suff ering at the same me a springboard, this ar cle asks: why groups and leaders; ideally, policy should that it allows for diff erent gender should we engage men and boys in also be sensi ve to women’s beliefs arrangements that may be seen as more preven ng violence against women, and focus on ensuring that women are just. what strategies are under way, and do empowered to make their own decisions they work? Educa onal interven ons about FGM based on their own fully Environmental Health among males o en invite them to informed choices; a global eff ort to Volume 10, Ar cle S1, 2011 become ac ve or pro-social bystanders, make signifi cant progress in the areas “The Cancer Burden and Cancer Control taking ac on to stop the perpetra on of employment, poverty reduc on and in Developing Countries,” by Paola of specifi c incidents of violence, reduce literacy and to encourage repudia on Pisani. Substan al changes in large the risks of violence escala ng and of FGM and support for change by parts of the developing world have strengthen the condi ons that work religious leaders is a much more effi cient materialized in the last three decades. against violence occurring (Powell, solu on. These are extremely diverse countries 2010: 6–7). However, engaging men with respect to culture, societal values in challenging rape-suppor ve norms Jahangirnagar University and poli cal arrangements, but sharing and behaviors is hard work. This ar cle Anthropology Journal one feature–prevalent poverty and concludes by discussing the barriers Issue 15, 2010 limited resources to protect the health to, and supports for, men’s bystander “Sexuality and Women’s Subordina on: of individuals. The control of emerging interven ons. Global and Local Perspec ves,” by chronic diseases in low-resource Shahina Parvin, pp. 53-68. Women’s 1 sexuality and subordina on are historical Open Democracy not decisively on their agenda. phenomena which have been widely October 25, 2011 analyzed in anthropology and social “Tunisia,” by Kris ne Goulding. In a Psychiatric Services science literatures. The goal of this three-part ar cle with the sub-headings Volume 61, 2010 ar cle is to explain women’s sexuality “Women’s Winter of Discontent,” “Arab “Mental Health and the Development and the pa ern of its control through an Spring, Islamist Summer,” and “Feminist Agenda in Sub-Saharan Africa,” by anthropological perspec ve. Divided into Fall?,” UNRISD research analyst Kris ne Rache Jenkins, Florence Baingana, and two sec ons, the fi rst sec on analyzes Goulding examines the transforma on G. Belkin, pp. 229-234. This ar cle women’s sexuality and its rela on to the of gender rela ons from the Arab Spring, synthesizes the views of par cipants in subordina on of women in society. The throughout the Islamist summer, and two roundtables that were convened second sec on examines the pa erns of into the feminist fall. Goulding warns in Nairobi (March 2007) and London women’s sexuality and subordina on in against framing Islamism in direct (July 2008) to iden fy key challenges Bangladeshi society. opposi on to women’s rights. Instead, to the priori za on of mental health the Arab Spring should be seen as an in Africa and possible solu ons. Journal of Human Par cipants included leading Development and development experts and Capabilities policy makers from head and Volume 12, Issue 4, 2011 country offi ces of interna onal “Capably Queer: Exploring donors, na onal directors of the Intersec ons of mental health for several African Queerness and Poverty countries, key mental health in the Urban Philippines,” and public health professionals, by Ryan Thoreson. Despite epidemiologists, and an growing a en on to iden ty interna onal nongovernmental and intersec onality in the organiza on. The challenges fi eld of development, there they iden fi ed to mainstreaming is s ll a dearth of empirical mental health include lack of scholarship exploring the understanding of the contribu on ways that being sexually of mental disorders to morbidity non-norma ve—or queer— and mortality, compe on for shapes the experience of limited resources within health living in poverty in the Global reform eff orts, poor distribu on of South. In this paper, the interven ons and lack of inclusion author uses the “missing of mental health among core dimensions of poverty” generic health indicators, lack framework developed by the of economic research evidence, Oxford Poverty and Human lack of a strategic approach to Development Ini a ve human resources planning, lack to explore the ways that of partnerships with the social queerness and poverty infl ect development sector, and mental each other in the urban health professionals’ need for Philippines. He examines the public health skills to eff ec vely pivotal role that queer people conduct na onal advocacy. play in household and neighborhood opportunity to redefi ne the roles of both Poten al solu ons include further economies, and argues that being women and the Islamist party al-Nahda: investment in economic research, be er queer profoundly aff ects the ways that the two cannot be seen as mutually strategic iden fi ca on of the levers low-income Filipinos experience poverty. exclusive. In the fi nal part of the ar cle, and entry points for integra ng mental He suggests that a be er understanding Goulding argues that if a “feminist fall” health into health sector reform plans, of the capabili es that low-income does not come to frui on, it will not be more vigorous engagement of mental queer individuals are allowed or only because of an Islamist agenda or health professionals in general health encouraged to exercise—and the roles the failures of the interim government sector reforms, strengthening the linkage that are denied to them—can be used to and its policies. The failure will come between mental health and social benefi cially integrate those popula ons from the ci zens of Tunisia, who have development, and intensive resource into development praxis. shown democra cally that feminism is mobiliza on. In summary, partnerships, 2 AARTICLESRTICLES underpinned by collabora ve training, Gebreselassie, Godfrey D Kangaude, economically vulnerable posi on, research, and mutual dialogue with and Chisale Mhangoe, pp. 133–143. As especially in the developing world. In other health and non-health sectors, are part of eff orts to achieve Millennium Bangladesh, gender inequali es with needed. Development Goal 5—to reduce respect to enjoyment of human rights, maternal mortality by 75% and achieve poli cal and economic status, land Reproductive Health universal access to reproduc ve health ownership, housing condi ons, exposure Volume 8, Ar cle 26, 2011 by 2015—the Malawi Ministry of Health to violence, lack of educa on and health “Health Consequences of Female conducted a strategic assessment (in par cular reproduc ve and sexual Genital Mu la on/Cu ng in The of unsafe abor on in Malawi. This health), make women more vulnerable Gambia, Evidence into Ac on,” by A. paper describes the fi ndings of the before, during and a er climate change- Kaplan, S. Hechavarría, and M. Mar n. assessment, including a human rights- induced disasters. The paper argues that Female Genital Mu la on/Cu ng based review of Malawi’s laws, policies enhancement of ins tu onal capacity (FGM/C) is a harmful tradi onal prac ce and interna onal agreements rela ng to mainstream gender in global and with severe health complica ons, deeply to sexual and reproduc ve health and na onal climate change and Disaster rooted in many Sub-Saharan African data from 485 in-depth interviews Risk Reduc on (DRR) policies and countries. The objec ve of this study about sexual and reproduc ve health, opera ons through the development is to perform a fi rst evalua on of the maternal mortality and unsafe abor on, of gender policies, gender awareness, magnitude of the health consequences conducted with Malawians from all internal and external gender capacity of FGM/C in The Gambia. A number of parts of the country and social strata. and exper se, and the development and females who had undergone FGM/C The study notes that consensus applica on of relevant mechanisms and were surveyed and consulted. The key recommenda ons to address the issue tools should be priori zed for a pro-poor fi ndings were as follows: FGM/C is of unsafe abor on were developed by development in the realm of climate s ll prac ced in all the six regions of a broad base of local and interna onal con ngencies. Gambia; FGM/C has strong ancestral stakeholders during a na onal sociocultural roots as evidenced by the dissemina on mee ng. Malawi’s UNU-World Institute for fact that 72.9% of Gambian women restric ve abor on law, inaccessibility Development Economic Studies would like their daughters to undergo of safe abor on services, par cularly Volume 5, 2011 FGM/C; the most common form of for poor and young women, and lack of “La n American Urban Development FGM/C is type I (the form of least adequate family planning, youth-friendly into the 21st Century: Towards a anatomical extent), followed by type II and post-abor on care services were the Renewed Perspec ve on the City,” (a type that involves the excision of the most important barriers. The consensus by Dennis Rodgers, Jo Beall, and clitoris); all forms of FGM/C, including reached was that to make abor on Ravi Kanbur. This paper argues for type I, produce signifi cantly high safe in Malawi, there were four areas a more systemic engagement with percentages of complica ons, especially for urgent ac on: abor on law reform; La n American ci es, contending it is infec ons associated with hemorrhage sexuality educa on and family planning; necessary to reconsider their unity in and anemia; however, the frequency of adolescent sexual and reproduc ve order to nuance the “fractured ci es” complica ons increases with the degree health services; and post-abor on care perspec ve that has widely come to of mu la on/cu ng; the prac ce of services. epitomize the contemporary urban FGM/C has a signifi cant economic cost movement in the region. It begins by as 1 out of 3 pa ents suff ered medical Unnayan Onneshan off ering an overview of regional urban consequences requiring treatment. 2010 development trends, before exploring The authors deem these results will “Gender Issue in Climate Change how the underlying imagery of the allow the implementa on of a na onal Discourse: Theory versus Reality,” by city has cri cally shi ed over the past training work plan for the health Mohammad Baten and Niaz Khan. Even half century. Focusing in par cular on professionals and students regarding though gender has become one of the the way that slums and shantytowns the issue of FGM/C, directly based on themes of analysis in development have been conceived, it traces how the the observed health consequences in policy discourse, it has received li le predominant concep on of the La n Gambia. emphasis in climate change policies. By American city moved from a no on of reviewing literature related to climate unity to a percep on of fragmenta on, Reproductive Health Matters change and gender, this paper fi nds that highligh ng how this had cri cally Volume 19, Issue 37, 2011 women are more vulnerable to climate nega ve ramifi ca ons for urban “A Strategic Assessment of Unsafe disasters than men through their socially development agendas, and concludes Abor on in Malawi,” by Emily Jackson, constructed roles and responsibili es, with a call for a renewed vision of La n Brooke Ronald Johnson, Hailemichael and their rela vely poorer and more American urban life.

AARTICLESRTICLES 3 AAudiovisualsudiovisuals

Agenda Feminist Media inequality of apartheid, water scarcity par cular. This podcast draws on the www.agenda.org.za in working-class urban and rural exper se of gender specialist, Professor nyurl.com/7nrt4lh households s ll remains a cri cal issue. Relebohile Moletsane, and the real-life In Africa, Poverty has a Female Face In this podcast, former Chairperson of accounts of Wayida Mohammed and [podcast] the Gender and Water Alliance, Ethne Imaan Bijoux. 2011, 12 min. Poverty is gendered and calls for Davey, illustrates that inadequate access gendered solu ons. In this podcast, we to water is not gender neutral in its nyurl.com/7z768sm speak to Mercia Andrews of Trust for consequences. We also catch a glimpse Gender Violence in EducaƟ on [podcast] Community Outreach and Educa on. of the living condi ons of two women This podcast looks at gender violence TCOE is a na onal organiza on that who live in informal se lements in South in educa on. It features the voices operates mainly in the rural areas of Africa’s Western Cape region. Both of several university students and a South Africa. We also hear from Sarah women do not have direct access to domes c violence survivor. Expert Claasen, president of Sikhula Sonke, a clean, running water. 2011, 12 min. insight into gender violence is provided women-led trade union which operates by Dr. Pholoho Morojele, lecturer in as a social movement dealing with all nyurl.com/7s8wcfq Social Jus ce Educa on at the University livelihood challenges of farmwomen. Girlhood in Southern Africa [podcast] of KwaZulu-Natal. 2011, 10 min. 2011, 11 min. The theme of this podcast was a result of the realiza on of the shortage of Bullfrog Films nyurl.com/85qn4vv studies dealing with issues that aff ect www.bullfrogfi lms.com Feminism in the New Millennium girls in Southern Africa. While studies We SƟ ll Live Here [podcast] focusing on girls and girlhood within the Celebrated every Thanksgiving as the This podcast examines the state broader range of work within feminism Indians who saved the Pilgrims from of feminism in Africa today. It is and social change have increased starva on, and then largely forgo en, contextualized by American poli cal tremendously in the last two decades, the Wampanoag Tribes of Cape Cod and ac vist, scholar and author Angela many of the exis ng works are produced Martha’s Vineyard are now saying in Davis. Davis refl ects on the 1985 in the United States, England, Australia their na ve tongue, “Âs Nutayuneân,”— Women’s Conference which took place and Canada. In contrast, there is a We S ll Live Here. Spurred on by their in Nairobi, Kenya. The podcast contains dearth of studies on girls in developing celebrated linguist, Jessie Li le Doe the refl ec ons of Zacki Achmat of the countries, and Southern Africa in Baird, the Wampanoag are bringing their Treatment Ac on Campaign, Nina language home. Years ago, Jessie began Benjamin of the having recurring Labor Research dreams of familiar- Service and looking people Bernade e from another Muthien of me speaking an Engender. 2011, incomprehensible 7 min. language. These visions sent her nyurl. on an odyssey com/6w6t8ql that would The PoliƟ cs of uncover hundreds Water [podcast] of documents While South wri en in Africa is s ll Wampanoag, lead staggering her to a Masters under the in Linguis cs at backlog arising MIT, and result in from the many an unprecedented decades of the feat of language engineered reclama on by structural 4 her people. Jessie’s daughter Mae is the Women and Agriculture: A Women Make Movies (WMM) fi rst Na ve speaker of Wampanoag in a ConversaƟ on on Improving Global Food www.wmm.com century. 2011, 56 min. Security Apache 8 nyurl.com/3dtrvw8 Between 1974 and 2005, a crew of The Fledgling Fund and Chicken and In a brief informa onal video, the women from the White Mountain Egg Pictures condi on of global food produc on Apache Tribe fought raging fi res in www.madeinindiamovie.com and the benefi t of increasing access Arizona and other states. Since then, this Made in India to resources for women involved in group of extraordinary women has been Made in India is a feature length agricultural produc on to the world’s among the most elite fi refi ghters in the documentary fi lm by Rebecca Haimowitz popula on as a whole is discussed. It is country. Featuring extensive interviews, and Vaishali Sinha about the human paired with a clip of the opening speech childhood photos, and on-loca on and experiences behind the phenomena for the third annual special mee ng news footage, this insigh ul and honest of “outsourcing” surrogate mothers during the United Na ons General documentary profi les the Apache 8 to India. The fi lm shows the journey Assembly focusing on agriculture and group through four women who share of an infer le American couple, an food security, an issue that is cri cal their experiences. Interweaving the Indian surrogate and the reproduc ve to the global economy, global health, scenes of raging fi res, intense training outsourcing business that brings them and the prosperity and well-being of sessions, and disrupted home life are together. Weaving together these billions of people worldwide, in which personal stories of sacrifi ce, tragedy, personal stories within the context U.S. Secretary of State Hilary Clinton pride, and accomplishment. While the of a growing interna onal industry, addresses the audience about the women may have ini ally set out to try Made in India explores a complicated growing food crisis in the Horn of Africa and earn a living in their economically clash of families in crisis, reproduc ve as well as in other developing countries ravaged community, they quickly technology, and choice from a global and its dispropor onate impacts on discover an inner strength and resilience perspec ve. 2011, 97 min. women and children. Addi onally, that speaks to their tradi ons and beliefs she discusses the condi on of women as Na ve women. 2011, 57 min. Institute of Development Studies farmers around the world. 2011, 3 min; (IDS) 9 min. Pushing the Elephant nyurl.com/76vbxpg In the late 1990s, Rose Mapendo lost Decline of the NGO Empire—Where Women’s League of Burma her family and home to the violence Next for InternaƟ onal Development nyurl.com/7m9qc2z that engulfed the Democra c Republic OrganizaƟ ons? Bringing JusƟ ce to Women of Burma of Congo. She emerged advoca ng In one of this term’s Sussex The Women’s League of Burma (WLB) forgiveness and reconcilia on. In Development Lectures, Brian Pra , has launched a short fi lm highligh ng a country where ethnic violence Execu ve Director of the Interna onal con nued systema c and widespread has created seemingly irreparable NGO Training and Research Centre rape against women and girls in Burma, ri s among Tutsis, Hutus and other (INTRAC), examines the future for in par cular in the areas of renewed Congolese, this remarkable woman interna onal development organiza ons military off ensives in Kachin, Karen and is a vital voice in her beleaguered in the light of the “major move against Shan State a er so-called democra c na on’s search for peace. Through funding NGO work” being made by elec ons. The fi lm reiterates WLB’s calls this in mate portrait of Rose and her governments across the world. Dr. Pra for a UN-led Commission of Inquiry family which unfolds against the wider highlights how Anthony Bebbington (CoI) leading to the referral of General drama of war, we explore the long-term from the University of Manchester has Than Shwe and his associates to the and o en hidden eff ects of war on argued that Northern NGOs peaked Interna onal Criminal Court (ICC). The women and families, par cularly those in 1999, and from that point on have fi lm gives more evidence of the regime’s in tradi onal socie es experiencing been in decline. Dr. Pra states that army for war crimes and crimes against fi nancial despair, increased suscep bility INGOs have faced several challenges humanity by interviews with survivors to rape, and social ostracism. Pushing over recent years. Many INGOs receive of rape, community members, and the Elephant captures one of the most a large propor on of their funding from women’s groups. The fi lm restates important stories of our age, a me the state and in a post fi nancial crisis that Burma military government must when genocidal violence is challenged climate, government funding has been immediately implement UN Resolu ons by the moral for tude and grace of one dras cally reduced. Dr. Pra argues that on Burma, and put an end to sexual woman’s mission for peace. 2010, 83 governments are now more inclined violence persistently carried out with min. to “fund civil servants instead of civil impunity by members of the Burma society.” 2011, 45 min. armed forces. 2011, 17 min.

AAUDIOVISUALSUDIOVISUALS 5 MMonographsonographs andand TechnicalTechnical ReportsReports

Agewell Foundation systems are s ll alive in rural areas; It highlights what is at stake for gender nyurl.com/3g6f2mv due to negligence, lack of awareness or equality and women’s rights at this “Human Rights and Status of Older fi nancial support and religious beliefs, forum and sets out plans for gender Women in India—A Na onal Study,” older women o en have to face acute advocates and CSO mobiliza ons. CSOs, 2011, 23pp. India has a popula on health problems. including women’s rights organiza ons, of approx. 60 million older have cri cized the aid women (60+). This report eff ec veness process of argues that in India, women the Paris Declara on and have never found themselves Accra Agenda for Ac on at the center stage, and have for being a highly technical always been marginalized from agenda, concentrated on the mainstream of the society. reforming aid delivery and Living as second class ci zens management rather than on for centuries, their mindset achieving sustainable and has also developed accordingly just development. Engaging and never enjoyed privileges with women’s rights groups of development. This report and networks, gender is based on a survey to assess equality advocates from the status of older women in offi cial spaces, donors and India using a representa ve interna onal organiza ons is sample of 10,000 older a necessary step to promote women interviewed across an inclusive debate on 200 districts of 25 states and gender equality, women’s Union Territories of India. Its rights, development objec ves were to iden fy coopera on, and to the factors responsible for the infl uence the prepara ons miserable living condi ons for the 4th High Level Forum and viola on of human rights on Aid Eff ec veness (HLF-4). of older women in India; to Therefore, ahead of HLF-4, create awareness among and given what is at stake the concerned stakeholders in Busan, the voices of keeping in mind greater women’s rights and gender challenge ahead; and to equality advocates must be suggest or recommend heard and translated into some specifi c points to ac on. policy makers, planners and decision makers so that issues concerning elderly AWID BioMed Central women could be given due importance nyurl.com/3b8mz3e nyurl.com/7g2s3ss in future. The following observa ons “Primer 10: On the Road To Busan: “HIV Prevalence Among Female are examples of some of the study’s What is at Stake for Gender Equality Sex Workers, Drug Users and Men fi ndings: marginaliza on/isola on or and Women’s Rights?” by Nerea Who Have Sex with Men in Brazil: A aliena on in old age are among the Cravio o and Anne Schoenstein, 2011, Systema c Review and Meta-Analysis,” most common issues that are aff ec ng 20pp. AWID’s Development Coopera on by Monica Malta, Monica Magnanini, older women, including those living and Women’s Rights series Primer 10, and Maeve B. Mello, 2010, 16pp. This with children and grandchildren; older with contribu ons from WIDE network, paper notes that whereas the Brazilian women, who live in ci es, are more outlines offi cial and civil society response towards the AIDS epidemic is prone to social aliena on in comparison prepara ons in the lead up to the HLF-4 well known, the absence of a systema c to older women in villages. Joint family in Busan, South Korea, December 2011. review of vulnerable popula ons—men

6 who have sex with men (MSM), responses to climate change are ever government to make the full realiza on female sex workers (FSW), and drug gender-neutral, addressing gender of the rights of HIV-posi ve women users (DU) remains a main gap in the is about addressing unequal power a priority and ensure that the rights available literature. This systema c rela onships between women and of HIV-posi ve women are respected review and meta-analysis assesses HIV men, and gender rela ons are context- and protected when these women prevalence among MSM, FSW and DU, specifi c, and change over me. The seek healthcare services. On the other and summarizes factors associated with paper also off ers recommenda ons for hand, they recommend that civil society the pooled prevalence for each group. donors which include: taking a stronger organiza ons hold the government Key conclusions of this study are: FSW, lead on gender equality in the climate accountable for its failure to adequately MSM and DU from Brazil have a much change arena by promo ng gender- protect the rights of women living with higher risk of acquiring HIV infec on inclusive policy dialogue; crea ng HIV/AIDS. Finally, they recommend compared to the general popula on, enabling organiza onal environments that organiza ons fi nancing public and among which HIV prevalence has been for eff ec ve gender mainstreaming by private reproduc ve health, family rela vely low (~0.6%); vulnerable addressing “mainstreaming fa gue” and planning, and HIV/AIDS programs should popula ons should be targeted by providing gender and climate change ensure that such programs are designed focused preven on strategies that tools covering the en re project or to improve healthcare and promote provide accurate informa on, counseling program cycle; and fi lling knowledge the exercise of women’s rights, and and tes ng, as well as concrete means and best prac ce gaps in par cipatory should establish indicators for evalua ng to foster behavior change (e.g. access ways that capture men’s, women’s and these projects, based on the criteria to condoms, drug abuse treatment, young people’s ideas and knowledge, of effi ciency, quality, and respect for and clean syringes in the case of ac ve par cularly in areas where the gender women’s rights. injec ng drug users), tailored to gender dimensions of climate change impacts and culture-specifi c needs; programs and responses are not immediately Center for Women Policy Studies that provide the above services need obvious, such as transport and nyurl.com/3l6nye7 to be implemented on public health infrastructure. “The Rights of Women With Disabili es services throughout the country, in in Africa: Does the Protocol on the order to decrease the vulnerability of Center for Reproductive Rights Rights of Women in Africa Off er Any those popula ons to HIV infec on. nyurl.com/3fe6vez Hope?” by S. A. D. Kamga, 2011, 12pp. “Dignity Denied: Viola ons of the The paper argues that the challenges BRIDGE Rights of HIV-Posi ve Women in faced by women with disabili es are nyurl.com/89on4eu Chilean Health Facili es,” 2010, huge and therefore should not be “Gender Responsive Strategies on 52pp. This report, published by the confi ned to a single provision, especially Climate Change: Recent Progress and Center for Reproduc ve Rights and if disabled women’s rights are to be Ways Forward for Donors,” by Agnes Vivo Posi vo, describes the signifi cant addressed effi ciently. The paper presents Otzelberger, 2011, 58pp. Gender barriers to quality health care, the situa on of women with disabili es equality is an important precondi on including reproduc ve health care, that in Africa, discusses the implica ons of for successful climate change adapta on HIV-posi ve women in Chile face. The having a stand-alone provision on the and transi on to low-carbon alterna ves experiences of the women interviewed rights of women with disabili es, and in developing countries. In order for this in this report, along with anecdotal makes use of the guidelines for States’ transi on to be eff ec ve, climate change reports, indicate that: the prac ce of repor ng under the African Women’s adapta on and low-carbon eff orts need coercive and forced steriliza ons, as well Protocol with special a en on to to be gender responsive, taking into as other discriminatory treatment in the repor ng on “Special Protec on of account the specifi c needs of men and health care sector, persists; although the Women with Disabili es” (ar cle 23) to women and the gendered inequali es total percentage of women living with demonstrate the added value of having that may compound the impacts of HIV/AIDS has stabilized in the last few many and more explicit provisions on climate change. This paper focuses years, individual countries, including the rights of women with disabili es. on the role of donors in this process, Chile, con nue to see a rise in women’s and is targeted at those working on rates of infec on; social and cultural Chicago Council on Global Affairs climate change in donor agencies. factors con nue to expose Chilean nyurl.com/3ezbwy8 It outlines a ra onale for improved women to a high risk of contrac ng “Girls Grow: A Vital Force in Rural integra on of gender and proposes HIV; and HIV-posi ve women in Chile Economies,” by Catherine Ber ni and key principles which should premise encounter signifi cant barriers to quality, the Girls Grow advisory group, 2011, climate change policies and programs. acceptable healthcare, including 172pp. This report evaluates the role of Some of the principles outlined include reproduc ve healthcare. In light of the adolescent girls in the developing world the ideas that neither the impacts nor above reali es, the authors urge the and iden fi es opportuni es for na onal MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS 7 governments and bilateral donors human rights context, and expand The paper goes on to consider the sites to equip these girls to be agents of campaign and policy frameworks in of feminist leadership (for example economic and social change. This report this area beyond a focus on traffi cked the family, the state, the market and serves as the next volume of the Girls women. The report provides an civil society), and fi nally asks “what Count series. Girls Count provides some overview of the dialogue sessions in does it look like?” with some prac cal of the fi rst cri cal research specifi cally which speakers discussed issues such as examples to ground the discussion. focused on adolescent girls in the the rela onship between sex work and CREA commissioned the paper as part of developing world. its broader work It demonstrates on leadership how providing development support to girls strategies. ages 10-18 The aim is drama cally to generate improves new thinking their lives and and ac on on also results in transforma ve signifi cant benefi ts feminist for society as a leadership, in whole. order to advance social jus ce CREA in ways that nyurl.com/429p49a other forms “Ain’t I A Woman? of leadership A Global Dialogue cannot, and Between the Sex ul mately, Workers’ Rights build feminist Movement and leadership the Stop Violence capacity in a Against Women much wider Movement,” by group of women B. Da a, 2011, and men than 112pp. This those who would report arose from a dialogue hosted women’s movements, the experiences iden fy as feminist themselves. by CREA and CASAM in 2009 as part of sex workers in resis ng violence, of CREA’s “Count Me In” program on and of feminists who have become sex Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES) addressing violence against women in worker rights advocates. nyurl.com/3vd3wqh south Asia. The topic of the dialogue “Engendering Social Security and was the sensi ve issue of sex work and nyurl.com/3ofewym Protec on: Challenges for Making violence, and the spectrum of views “Feminist Leadership for Social Social Security and Protec on on the issue—from seeing all sex work Transforma on: Clearing the Gender Equitable,” by Shahra Razavi, as violence per se, to seeing violence Conceptual Cloud,” by S. Batliwala, 2011, 14pp. The recent global crisis against sex workers as a signifi cant 2011, 84pp. How can feminist leadership has underlined the important role human rights viola on that has been development equip women and men of social security and protec on. ignored by women’s and human rights to lead diff erently, and transform the However, in prac ce there are going movements. The dialogue was ground architecture of power both within their to be signifi cant varia ons in crisis breaking in that it brought the diff erent, own organiza ons and movements, and response across countries ranging and o en confl ic ng, perspec ves and the wider world? In order to consider from austerity measures in some, voices of sex workers and an -violence this ques on, this paper sets out some to policy inac on in others, and to against women ac vists together, exis ng defi ni ons and concepts of expansion of nascent social protec on highligh ng their own words and leadership, looking at them through a systems in s ll others. This paper viewpoints. Par cipants considered feminist lens. It then looks in greater argues that given the exis ng gender- how they can work together to address depth at concepts around feminist based inequali es, three diff erent violence within adult sex work, build leadership, and “unpacks” it into four (but poten ally complementary) alliances across movements to ensure areas: power, principles and values, strategies are needed for equalizing that sex workers are seen within a poli cs and purpose, and prac ces. social protec on outcomes for women 8 MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS and men: (1) elimina ng gender-blind a clever idea. Ul mately, this report (MLE) project is the evalua on and discriminatory prac ces in social asserts that there is a new narra ve in component of the Urban Reproduc ve insurance program design so as to obtain the social and economic development Health Ini a ve, a mul -country more equal outcomes; (2) strengthening of countries around the world: it is program in India, Kenya, Nigeria and labor market regula ons (e.g. minimum a narra ve of empowerment and Senegal that aims to improve the health wage, wage discrimina on) and hope. It relies not solely on the supply of the urban poor. A key objec ve of the other social provisions (e. g. public of assistance from generous donors project is to undertake a rigorous impact care services) to create a more level in wealthy countries, but more on evalua on of the country programs, playing fi eld for women within labor genera ng demand amongst people in iden fying the most eff ec ve and cost- markets; and (3) developing systems developing countries. This demand will effi cient programma c approaches to of social protec on that are not linked form the basis for sustainable business improving contracep ve use among to individual employment trajectories models that will deliver the goods and the urban poor. This report presents (social assistance programs) and over services people need to raise their own baseline survey results from samples me making these rights-based and living standards. Tapping that demand in six ci es in U ar Pradesh, India. broad-based/universal. However, begins with innova on; the widespread These fi ndings provide an in-depth, excessive demands should not be placed adop on of ideas that create value. This quan ta ve examina on of the factors on social protec on systems. In the report describes business models that that infl uence contracep ve use and end, a social protec on system cannot innovators have used with success, as fer lity. Data from this survey can help subs tute for adequate macroeconomic, well as case studies of some of the most guide program planners and policy industrial or agricultural policies. Nor powerful and ingenious innova ons in makers as they determine which policies can they create the right quan ty women’s and children’s health. They fall and programs are likely to lead to the and quality of employment and a fair into these categories: business models desired reproduc ve health outcomes. distribu on of income on their own. serving households; business models Social protec on systems need to work serving government health systems; nyurl.com/7tl8uyx in tandem with a number of other and business models serving private “Using Par cipatory Research and policies to create more equal and companies. Ac on to Address the HIV-Related prosperous socie es. Vulnerabili es of Adolescent Girls in Heal Africa Tanzania,” by Jennifer McCleary-Sills, The Global Campaign for the Health nyurl.com/432x34v Zayid Douglas, and Richard Mabala, Millennium Development Goals 2011 “‘Before the War I Was a Man:’ Men 2011, 32pp. Girls and young women are bit.ly/n7Ynlp and Masculini es in Eastern DR Congo,” more likely to be HIV-posi ve than their “Thema c Report: Innova ng for Every by Desiree Lwambo, 2011, 27pp. This male peers, due in large part to an array Woman, Every Child,” 2011, 52pp. This study analyzes the rela onship between of gender inequali es that nega vely thema c report is published in support sexual and gender-based violence impact their mental and physical well- of the Every Woman, Every Child joint and hegemonic masculini es in the being. Vijana Tunaweza Newala, or eff ort ini ated by United Na ons confl ict zone of North Kivu province Newala Youth Can, is a par cipatory Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. It is the in the Eastern Democra c Republic of research and ac on project in the fi rst thema c report in a series from Congo. The study’s main focus lies in Newala District of Tanzania, aimed at the Global Campaign that is intended the discrepancies between dominant both understanding and responding to be both prac cal and inspira onal. ideals of masculinity and the actual to girls’ HIV-related vulnerabili es. Recognizing that eff orts to achieve reali es of men’s lives. As men try to The project’s overarching purpose Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5, enact masculine ideals of breadwinner was to design and qualita vely assess on maternal and child health, are not on and family head, the current poli cal a pilot interven on model to address track, the Global Strategy for Women’s and economic context puts them under their most pressing needs. This report and Children’s Health was launched increasing pressure. highlights the project’s four phases of in September 2010. The strategy ac on: forma ve research, interven on emphasizes partnership, innova on International Center for Research on design, peer educa on program, and and accountability. This report seeks to Women (ICRW) assessment. guide us in accelera ng implementa on nyurl.com/7vhawhe of the Global Strategy over the next “Measurement, Learning and nyurl.com/5sbydch four years by providing informa on and Evalua on of the Urban Health “Understanding and Measuring inspira on to the full spectrum of actors Ini a ve: U ar Pradesh, India, Baseline Women’s Economic Empowerment: striving to achieve the health MDGs— Survey 2010,” by P. Nanda, P. Achyut, A. Defi ni on, Framework and Indicators,” from a Minister of Health marshalling Mishra, and L. Calhoun, 2011, 64pp. The by A.M. Golla, A. Malhotra, P. Nanda substan al resources to a villager with Measurement, Learning and Evalua on and R. Mehra, 2011, 12pp. Economically MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS 9 empowering women is essen al both organiza ons to enhance women’s urbaniza on and lack of educa on about to realize women’s rights and to achieve access to jus ce and land tenure security. climate change increases vulnerability broader development goals such as and aggravates the eff ects of climate economic growth, poverty reduc on, Institute of Development Studies change. The authors conclude that, health, educa on and welfare. But (IDS) in all the ci es studied, the people women’s economic empowerment nyurl.com/3n67tjx most vulnerable to climate change is a mul faceted concept so how “Fer lity in African Communi es are low-income residents of slums can prac oners, researchers and Aff ected by HIV,” 2011, 4pp. This and squa er se lements. Because of donors design eff ec ve, measurable publica on is a new edi on of Highlights their systema c exclusion from the interven ons? This brief report lays which explores the link between HIV and formal economy of the city, their lack out fundamental concepts including fer lity in African communi es, looking of basic services and en tlements and a defi ni on of women’s economic at issues in Kenya, Malawi, Uganda, the impossibly high costs of entry into empowerment; a measurement and Zimbabwe. It includes fi ndings legal land and housing markets, most framework that can guide the design, and recommenda ons around the of the urban poor live in hazardous implementa on and evalua on of topic of fer lity in African communi es sites and are par cularly vulnerable to programs to economically empower aff ected by HIV. The ALPHA Network the consequences of climate change. women; and a set of illustra ve aims to maximize the usefulness of Innova ve urban policies and prac ces indicators that can serve as concrete data generated in community-based have shown that adapta on to some examples for developing meaningful longitudinal HIV studies in Sub-Saharan of these eff ects is possible and can be metrics for success. Africa for na onal and interna onal built into development plans. These agencies involved in designing include community-based ini a ves led International Development Law or monitoring interven ons and by organiza ons formed by the urban Organization epidemiological forecas ng. poor, and local governments working nyurl.com/3ouqs6m in partnership with their low-income “Two Faces of Change: The Need for International Institute for popula ons. The report recommends a Bi-Direc onal Approach to Improve Environment and Development that urban authori es and municipal Women’s Land Rights in Plural Legal nyurl.com/7p569q2 governments take ac on to reduce the Systems,” by A. Kapur, 2011, 26pp. The “Climate Change and the Urban Poor: impact of climate change through their complex rela onship between law, Risk and Resilience in 15 of the World’s infl uence on regulatory frameworks. land rights and customary prac ces is Most Vulnerable Ci es,” 2009, 12pp. increasingly recognized as founda onal This report outlines lessons learned OXFAM to formula ng successful development regarding the principal eff ects of climate nyurl.com/4yzs97c policies. Similarly, the essen al role change on 15 ci es in low-income “A Place at the Table—Safeguarding of women’s economic par cipa on countries, and what makes them Women’s Rights in Afghanistan,” in development and the current vulnerable to these eff ects. It notes 2011, 32pp. Women in Afghanistan trend of gender discriminatory land that coastal ci es are mostly located have achieved real progress in areas and inheritance customary prac ces in tropical areas with hot and humid such as poli cal par cipa on, the rule have prompted domes c civil society climates and low-lying land. This makes of law, and educa on since 2001, but organiza ons in developing countries to them suscep ble to a rise in sea level these hard-won gains remain fragile. use statutory provisions guaranteeing which aggravates coastal erosion, causing With the imminent withdrawal of gender equality to improve women’s persistent fl ooding, loss of wetlands, interna onal forces, there is a risk that land tenure security. This chapter increased salina on of groundwater and the government may sacrifi ce women’s examines the par cular need for secure soil, and an infl ux of diverse pollutants. rights in order to secure a poli cal land rights for women in the African Dry-land ci es, on the other hand, deal with the Taliban and other armed pluralis c development context, and suff er from scarce water resources due opposi on groups. The government the mixed results of targe ng law to low rainfall and extended periods and its interna onal partners must do reform as a mechanism for change. of climate change-induced drought. much more to support Afghan women’s Relying on primary research conducted They are also prone to deser fi ca on eff orts and uphold their rights while in Mozambique and the United and sandstorms which have severe ensuring that women have a strong voice Republic of Tanzania on land prac ces eff ects on health and infrastructure, as in any future nego a ons and poli cal as experienced by divorced and well as provoking coastal erosion. The se lements. Oxfam warns that women’s widowed women, it evaluates strategies report argues that in dry-land and other “hard-won gains remain fragile” as employed by domes c nongovernmental inland ci es, the level of poverty, rapid numerous gains have recently begun to

1100 MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS see reversals. sesame sector in Metekel and Assosa in prevent children from going to school. Benishangul Gumuz, Ethiopia. The key nyurl.com/3da885g fi ndings of the report are that sesame nyurl.com/3s673mq “Enhancing Girls’ Par cipa on in is a suitable crop for poverty allevia on “The We Can Campaign in South Schools in Pakistan,” by Madiha Shafi , for smallholders in Benishangul Gumuz Asia, 2004-2011: External Evalua on 2011, 14pp. This case study from the and that the smallholder model is Report,” by Michaela Raab, 2011, Gender, WASH and EducaƟ on series compe ve versus the large-scale 70pp. This summa ve evalua on was focuses on Oxfam’s educa on program investor model in terms of produc vity. commissioned by OGB to cover the in Pakistan which aims to improve With minimal expenditure for sesame full 7-year period of the regional “We the government policy environment, seeds and some simple equipment Can” campaign. Launched in late 2004, budget alloca ons and expenditure at for plowing, weeding and harves ng, with the goal of “reducing the social na onal, provincial and district levels farmers can cul vate sesame on a family acceptance of violence against women,” on educa on to ensure greater access labor basis. Poten al income is higher in the campaign started in six South Asian and be er quality of educa on for girls. the smallholder model than from either countries—Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Along with donors and implemen ng communal land management, or from India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka— partners, Oxfam is taking an integrated the salaries from working for large-scale but has since spread to Indonesia, approach to programming to tackle the investors. Smallholders can improve their the Netherlands and Bri sh Colombia range of issues that contribute to low income and security further through in Canada. A small, external team literacy rates and low a endance and membership of primary produc on had a total of some 120 woman-days reten on of girls in educa on. Some co-opera ves that off er higher sales spread over three months to address of the ac vi es being implemented prices and paid-out dividends. Women a complex set of evalua on ques ons. include empowering communi es to are marginalized in sesame cul va on as The conclusions presented are based on ac vely par cipate in suppor ng the they are excluded from the sales process rich—if somewhat incomplete—internal improvement of health and hygiene in and expected to manage household documenta on and primary data schools, and encouraging more girls to labor, thus facing a double work burden. gathered in key informant interviews, enroll and stay on in school. This work Working as daily laborers on large-scale workshops, and fi eld research in India includes providing safe drinking water, farms is par cularly disadvantageous for and Nepal. This realist, u liza on- separate sanita on facili es for girls and women. The smallholder model is more focused evalua on centers on key boys, promo ng key messages about suitable for women since it allows them aspects of the campaign iden fi ed with good hygiene habits, as well as enabling to manage their double workload burden the users of this evalua on, to serve children to be agents of transforma onal according to their needs. accountability and learning purposes. change in their families and in their wider communi es. This case study is nyurl.com/4252han WHO part of a series designed to illustrate “Gender, WASH and Educa on: An nyurl.com/6duf3f5 how Oxfam GB has been working Insight Paper from Viet Nam,” by “Case Studies on Social Determinants of with partner organiza ons, schools Nguyen Dieu Chi, 2011, 8pp. This case Health,” 2011, 653pp. This publica on and communi es to integrate water, study focuses on Oxfam’s educa on is a collec on of case studies which sanita on and hygiene into educa on program in Viet Nam where Oxfam has were commissioned by WHO Regional programs to tackle some of the biggest worked closely with local partners to Offi ces for the World Conference on obstacles that prevent children from improve water and sanita on facili es Social Determinants of Health. The case going to school. in schools and to increase children’s studies present successful examples understanding of good hygiene habits. of policy ac on aiming to reduce nyurl.com/3fm253d Oxfam’s experience in Viet Nam shows health inequi es, covering a wide “Ethiopia’s Sesame Sector: The that WASH ac vi es can be successful range of issues, including condi onal Contribu on of Diff erent Farming as part of a larger model to improve the cash transfers, gender-based violence, Models to Poverty Allevia on, learning environment in schools and tuberculosis programs and maternal Climate Resilience and Women’s promote a child-centered approach to and child health. Par cular studies of Empowerment,” by Genia Kostka and teaching methods. This case study is part interest include examina ons of gender Jenny Scharrer, 2011, 46pp. Oxfam of a series designed to illustrate how based violence in the Solomon Islands, commissioned this research to assess Oxfam GB has been working with partner the Republic of Kiriba , and Vietnam; the contribu on of diff erent agricultural organiza ons, schools and communi es gender as a social determinant of business models to poverty allevia on, to integrate water, sanita on and health in Cambodia; and India’s livelihood security, climate resilience, hygiene into educa on programs to country experience in addressing social and empowerment of women in the tackle some of the biggest obstacles that exclusion in maternal and child health.

MMONOGRAPHSONOGRAPHS ANDAND TECHNICALTECHNICAL REPORTSREPORTS 1111 PPeriodicalseriodicals

Critical Issues in the Study of Hendrika Petronella van den Brandt • Pu ng Two and Two Together? Religion and Gender • Biblical Women’s Voices in Early Early Childhood Educa on, Mothers’ Volume 1, Number 1, 2011 Modern England. Reviewed by Anne- Employment and Care Service Expansion This issue includes the following ar cles: Mareike We er in Chile and Mexico, by Silke Staab and • Feminist Scholarship and Its Relevance Roberto Gerhard for Poli cal Engagement: The Test Case Development and Change • Who Cares in Nicaragua? A Care of Abor on in the U.S., by Margaret Volume 42, Number 4 Regime in an Exclusionary Social Policy Kamitsuka Special Issue Seen, Heard and Counted: Context, by Juliana Mar nez Franzoni • Vital New Ma ers: The Specula ve Rethinking Care in a Development and Koen Voorend Turn in the Study of Religion and Context includes the following ar cles: • A Widening Gap? The Poli cal and Gender, by Paul • Introduc on: Rethinking Care in a Social Organiza on of Childcare in Reid-Bowen Argen na, by Eleonor Faur • Implica ons • Stra fi ed Familialism: The of Queer Theory Care Regime in India through for the Study the Lens of Childcare, by Rajni of Religion and Palriwala and Neetha N. Gender: Entering • Going Global: The the Third Decade, Transna onalisa on of Care, by Claudia by Nicola Yeates Schippert • Macho Gender and Development Buddhism: Volume 19, Number 2, 2011 Gender and This issue includes the Sexuali es in the following ar cles: Diamond Way, by • Transforma ve Social Burkhard Scherer Protec on Programming for • Male Headship Children and Their Carers: A as Male Agency: Gender Perspec ve, by Rachel An Alterna ve Sabates-Wheeler and Kee e Understanding Roelen of a “Patriarchal” • Cash Transfers, Gender African Equity and Women’s Pentecostal Empowerment in Peru, Discourse on Masculinity, by Adriaan S. Development Context, by Shahra Razavi Ecuador and Bolivia, by Maxine van Klinken • South Africa: A Legacy of Family Molyneux and Marilyn Thomson Book reviews included in this issue: Disrup on, by Debbie Budlender and • “It was as if We were Drowning:” • Old Men: Contemporary Masculine Francie Lund Shocks, Stresses and Safety Nets in Spirituali es and the Problem of • Harsh Choices: Chinese Women’s Paid India, by Karishma Huda and Sandeep Patriarchy. Reviewed by Mar n Fischer Work and Unpaid Care Responsibili es Kaur • Men and Masculini es in Chris anity Under Economic Reform, by Sarah Cook • It Buys Food but does it Change and Judaism: A Cri cal Reader. Reviewed and Xiao-yuan Dong Gender Rela ons? Child Support Grants by Ruth Hess • The Good, the Bad, and the Confusing: in Soweto, South Africa, by Leila Patel • Queer Women and Religious The Poli cal Economy of Social Care and Tessa Hochfeld Individualism. Reviewed by Stephen Expansion in South Korea, by Ito Peng • Leaders, not Clients: Grassroots Hunt • A Perfect Storm Rising? Welfare, Care, Women’s Groups Transforming Social • What’s Right with the Trinity? Gender and Genera ons in Uruguay: Protec on, by Becca Asaki and Shannon Conversa ons in Feminist Theology. A Cau onary Tale for Highly Unequal Hayes Reviewed by Heather McDivi Middle Income Countries, by Fernando • Addressing Gendered Risks and • Women and Religion in the West: Filgueira, Magdalena Gu errez and Jorge Vulnerabili es Through Social Challenging Seculariza on. Reviewed by Papadopulos Protec on: Examples of Good Prac ce 1122 from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Peru, by by Alice Welbourn in Development in Post-Confl ict Nepal, Rebecca Holmes, Nicola Jones, Fouzia • Poli ciza on of Sexual Violence: From by Bijan Pant and Kay Standing Mannan, Rosana Vargas, Yisak Tafere Aboli onism to Peacekeeping. Reviewed • Loca ng Young Women in a Plethora of and Tassew Woldehanna by Nicola Henry Issues: Refl ec ons from the Tenth Young • Pu ng Gender Equality at the Heart • Women and War: Gender Iden ty and Women Leader’s Conference 2010, by of Social Protec on: Lessons from Ac vism in Times of Confl ict. Reviewed Melanie Reyes and Anamaine Asinas Oxfam GB’s Experience with Safety Net by Jennifer Pedersen • The “Right to Have Rights:” Ac ve Programming, by Nupur Kukrety and • Gender, Women and the Tobacco Ci zenship and Gendered Social Sumananjali Mohanty Epidemic. Reviewed by Sarah Payne En tlements in Egypt, Lebanon and • Towards Transforma ve Social Pales ne, by Lina Abou-Habib Protec on: A Gendered Analysis of the Volume 19, Number 3, 2011 • What are the Opportuni es to Employment Guarantee Act of India This issue includes the following ar cles: Promote Gender Equity and Equality (MGNREGA), by Sony Pellissery and • Introduc on to Ci zenship, by Caroline in Confl ict-Aff ected and Fragile States? Sumit Kumar Jalan Sweetman, Jo Rowlands and Lina Insights from a Review of Evidence, by Book reviews included in this issue: Abou-Habib Helen O’Connell • The Unhappy Marriage of Religion and • Preven ng the Gendered Book reviews included in this issue: Poli cs: Problems and Pi alls for Gender Reproduc on of Ci zenship: The Role • Women, Peace and Security: Equality of Social Movements in South Africa, by Transla ng Policy into Prac ce. • Gender and Global Restructuring: Meghan Cooper Reviewed by Laura McLeod Sigh ngs, Sites and Resistances. • Women’s Agency and Ci zenship • The Women, Gender and Development Reviewed by Ruth Pearson Across Transna onal Iden es: A Case Reader. Reviewed by Deborah Eade • War and Rape: Law, Memory and Study of the Bangladeshi Diaspora in the • Reproduc on, Globaliza on, and the Jus ce. Reviewed by Joanna Bourke UK, by Fatema Jahan State: New Theore cal and Ethnographic • Women’s Rights in Democra zing • Suppor ng the Collec ve Power of Perspec ves. Reviewed by Andrea Lynch States: Just Debate and Gender Jus ce in Bolivian Women to A ain Ci zenship • Forced Marriage: Introducing a Social the Public Sphere. Reviewed by Linh Le Rights: The Raising Her Voice Project, by Jus ce and Human Rights Perspec ve. • Gender and Migra on: Feminist Soledad Muñiz and Hannah Beardon Reviewed by Nazia Khanum Interven ons. Reviewed by Deborah • Gender and Fragile Ci zenship in • Religion and Gender in the Developing Eade Uganda: The Case of Acholi Women, by World: Faith Based Organiza ons in • HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Marjoke Oosterom India. Reviewed by Elora Chowdhury Poli cs, Aid and Globalisa on. Reviewed • Ci zenship Rights and Women’s Roles BBooksooks

Anthem Press explora on of this daily integra on of broken by the Liberian civil war, a brutal www.anthempress.com real suff ering and fi c onal glamour and confl ict that tore apart her life and Body Parts on Planet Slum: Women wealth, this book reveals how fantasy claimed the lives of countless rela ves and Telenovelas in Brazil, by Lisa and social exclusion can together induce and friends. Years of fi gh ng destroyed Beljuli Brown 2011, 182pp. Based on a a form of psychological survivalism, her country—and sha ered Gbowee’s year’s research from within a Brazilian enabling these women to reconfi gure girlhood hopes and dreams. As a slum, this study follows a series of the central features of their existence— young mother trapped in a nightmare unemployed women who watch up to their suff ering, pleasure, sexuality and of domes c abuse, she found the six hours of telenovelas a day, o en in embodiment. courage to turn her bi erness into the midst of arduous physical labor in ac on, propelled by her realiza on the home. The women suff er in rela on Beast Books that it is women who suff er most to their bodies, but simultaneously www.thedailybeast.com during confl icts—and that the power invest in a masochis c glorifi ca on Mighty Be Our Powers: How of women working together can of suff ering that links their lives to Sisterhood, Prayer, and Sex Changed create an unstoppable force. In 2003, the soap operas, revealing disturbing a Na on at War, by Leymah Gbowee Gbowee helped organize and then led valua ons of the female body that and Carol Mithers, 2011, 256pp. As a the Liberian Mass Ac on for Peace, traverse reality and fi c on. Through its young woman, Leymah Gbowee was a coali on of Chris an and Muslim

1133 women who sat in public protest, nature of gender inequali es within this causes of such tensions which were confron ng Liberia’s ruthless president sector raise ques ons as to whether reinforcing gender inequi es. Improved and rebel warlords, and even held a sex these ini a ves are achieving their coopera on between spouses and the strike. With an army of women, Gbowee intended purpose. The main concern fl exibility of men in rich male headed helped lead her na on to peace—in the is the rela onship between agro- households were factors that were process emerging as an interna onal enterprise development and gender contribu ng to increased women’s leader who changed history. empowerment through agro- enterprise development. Human Sciences Research Council Women Entrepreneurs and www.hsrcpress.ac.za Economic Development in Africa: The Country We Want to An Inves ga on into Factors that Live In: Hate Crimes and Infl uence the Survival of Women- Homophobia in the Lives Owned Small Business Start-ups of Black Lesbian South in Tema, Ghana, by Ashford Chea, Africans, by Jane Benne , 2011, 104pp. African women Nonhlanhla Mkhize, Vasu entrepreneurs present a poten al Reddy, and Relebohile force for social and economic Moletsane, 2011, 72pp. development. In Sub-Saharan Returning to key aspects of Africa, women account for ninety a roundtable held in 2006 percent of the work in food during South Africa’s 16 processing and eighty percent in Days of Ac vism, this new food storage and transporta on. study looks at how black For example, in Ghana, women lesbians have fared in the have tradi onally occupied years since that call to key posi ons alongside men in ac on. This me around, the produc on of goods and the emphasis is on violence services, yet their contribu ons against lesbians, and the to the economy are largely authors provide an update absent from na onal accounts. of the original seminar, with Moreover, Ghanaian women new recommenda ons entrepreneurs have been for research, policy, and vic mized by the status quo. prac ce. In the closing The main purpose of the study chapter, the discussion was to fi nd out what business becomes personal, with prac ces would be appropriate an impassioned plea for in helping women in Ghana and empathy, ci zenship, Africa in general with regard to belonging, and social jus ce managing their small businesses for all—and a reminder based on the experiences of the that silence about these issues is not an equity. This study makes systema c interviewees. Another purpose was op on. inves ga ons and analysis of how to ascertain any government policy the current state of gender equity in that serves as a barrier to women Lambert Academic Publishing (LAP) northern Uganda is infl uencing the entrepreneurship development. The www.lap-publishing.com development of agro-enterprises and study shows that several factors are Agro-Enterprise Development and how their development is infl uencing infl uen al in their business survival. Gender Equity: The Case of Northern gender equity. Insights from this study These include innova on, business Uganda, by Thelma Akongo, 2011, provide valuable informa on about plan, family support, social networks, 328pp. Agro-enterprise development cri cal issues to consider in ensuring and professional development. The ini a ves are being promoted to eff ec ve women’s empowerment. study also reveals that the interviewees empower women, who make up the Structural elements of such cultural experience gender discrimina on in biggest por on of the marginalized norms and the inability of men to terms of public policies and the legal groups in most rural socie es to achieve provide for their households due to system. gender equity. The complexity and poverty were iden fi ed as the major

1144 BOOKSBOOKS Oxford University Press by Sylvia Tamale, 2011, 672pp. This emancipated women and brought them www.oup.com groundbreaking volume, the fi rst of into the formal economy. Unleashing On the Frontlines: Gender, War, and its kind wri en by African ac vists that process globally is not only the right the Post-Confl ict Process, by Fionnuala themselves, aims to inspire a new thing to do; it’s also the best strategy for Ní Aoláin, Dina Francesca Haynes, and genera on of students and teachers to fi gh ng poverty. Naomi Cahn, 2011, 376pp. Gender study, refl ect and gain fresh and cri cal oppression has been a feature of insights into the complex issues of Rawat Publications war and confl ict throughout human gender and sexuality. It opens a space— www.rawatbooks.com history, yet un l fairly recently, li le par cularly for young people—to think Gender and Development in India: a en on was devoted to addressing about African sexuali es in diff erent Current Issues, by U. Kalpagam, 2011, the consequences of violence and ways. This accessible but scholarly 256pp. This book interrogates current discrimina on experienced by women mul disciplinary text, from a dis nctly issues on gender and development in post-confl ict states. Thankfully, that African perspec ve, is built around in India. A number of issues rela ng is changing. Today, in a variety of post- themed sec ons each introduced by a to livelihood and social security that confl ict se ngs—the former Yugoslavia, framing essay. The authors use essays, impinge on women’s lives that have Afghanistan, Colombia, Northern case studies, poetry, news clips, songs, come to the fore in the context of Ireland—interna onal advocates for fi c on, memoirs, le ers, interviews, globaliza on and liberaliza on of the women’s rights have focused bringing short fi lm scripts and photographs from Indian economy are discussed. At the issues of sexual violence, discrimina on a wide poli cal spectrum to examine same me, the discourse on women’s and exclusion into peace-making dominant and deviant sexuali es, empowerment has proliferated both in processes. This book considers such analyze the body as a site of poli cal, the state and in the civil society, albeit policies in a range of cases and assesses cultural and social contesta on with mul ple meanings and approaches the extent to which they have had and inves gate the intersec ons to it. Some of the chapters engage success in improving women’s lives. It between sex, power, masculini es and with issues of women’s employment argues that there has been too li le feminini es. The book adopts a feminist and livelihood using both macro success, and that this is in part a product approach that analyzes sexuality within sta s cal data and micro-level studies. of a focus on schema c policies like patriarchal structures of oppression The impact of ICTs on women in the straigh orward poli cal incorpora on while also highligh ng its emancipatory informal sector is also analyzed. Climate rather than a broader and deeper poten al. change is foreseen to increase women’s a empt to alter the cultures and vulnerabili es on account of livelihood socie es that are at the root of much of Random House and food insecuri es. Arguing that the violence and exclusions experienced www.randomhouse.com rights-based development has come to by women. It contends that this broader Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into the fore in the context of globaliza on approach would not just benefi t women, Opportunity for Women Worldwide, by and neoliberalism, some of the chapters however. Gender mainstreaming and Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn, discuss ways of evolving mul ple increased gender equality has a direct 2009, 320 pp. Pulitzer Prize winners securi es, including social security, correla on with state stability and Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn for women in the informal sector. func ons to preclude further confl ict. If guide the reader into an odyssey An inclusive approach that involves we are to have any success in stabilizing through Africa and Asia to meet the women in par cipatory development failing states, gender needs to move extraordinary women struggling there, and decentralized democra c to the fore of our eff orts. With this in among them a Cambodian teenager sold governance will strengthen women’s mind, the book examines the eff orts into sex slavery and an Ethiopian woman empowerment as evident from their of transna onal organiza ons, states who suff ered devasta ng injuries in roles in the panchayats. Certain insights and civil society in mul ple jurisdic ons childbirth. Through these stories, Kristof and strategies are also suggested for to place gender at the forefront of and WuDunn help the reader see that grassroots women’s ac vism. all post-confl ict processes. It off ers the key to economic progress lies in concrete analysis and prac cal solu ons unleashing women’s poten al. They Routledge to ensuring gender centrality in all make clear how so many people have www.routledge.com aspects of peace making and peace helped to do just that, and how we can AIDS, Gender and Economic enforcement. each do our part. Throughout much Development, edited by Cecilia A. of the world, the greatest unexploited Conrad and Cheryl Doss, 2011, 232pp. Pambazuka Press economic resource is the female half of This collec on of essays, authored www.pambazuka.org the popula on. Countries such as China by experts across a wide range of African Sexuali es: A Reader, edited have prospered precisely because they disciplines, provides a gendered

BBOOKSOOKS 1155 analysis of the economic choices and unions in various countries have made the ways in which the state, interna onal structures that contribute to the HIV/ in responding to those problems. agencies, local expatriates, US media, AIDS epidemic, and the impact of Some concerns addressed include the Bangladeshi immigrants in the United the epidemic on economic and social masculine culture of many unions and States, survivor-ac vists, and local outcomes. Topics covered include: the challenges of female leadership women’s organiza ons engage the gender norms, percep ons of risk, and within them, laissez-faire governance, pragma cs and the transna onal risk-taking behavior among specifi c and the limited success of organiza ons rhetoric of empowerment, rescue, and popula ons of women, including sex working on these issues globally. This rehabilita on. Grounded in careful workers in ethnographic work, oral Nicaragua, history, and theore cal African and fi lmic analysis, immigrants this book makes a in France, signifi cant contribu on and to conversa ons around university gendered violence, students transna onal feminist and urban praxis, and the poli cs of migrant organizing—par cularly workers around NGOs—in the in China; global South. malnutri on and SAR Press poverty as www.sarweb.org precursors The Gender of to HIV Globaliza on: Women infec on; Naviga ng Cultural and gendered Economic Marginali es, ins tu ons edited by Nandini and Gunewardena and Ann access to Kingsolver, 2008, 376pp. treatment; and the invisible cost of book brings together in a synthe c and As “globaliza on” moves rapidly from care-giving. An introductory essay briefl y frui ul conversa on the work and ideas buzzword to cliché, evalua ng the claims surveys the social science literature on of feminists, unions, NGOs, and other of neoliberal capitalism to empower and the gendered nature of the epidemic human rights workers. enrich remains urgently important. The and iden fi es key constructs of authors in this volume employ feminist, feminist economic theory that might be Transna onalism Reversed: Women ethnographic methods to examine what produc vely applied to understanding Organizing Against Gendered Violence free trade and export processing zones, HIV/AIDS. in Bangladesh, by Elora Halim economic liberaliza on, and currency Chowdhury, 2011, 222pp. Acid a acks reform mean to women in Argen na, State University of New York Press against women and girls have captured Sri Lanka, Mexico, Ghana, the United www.sunypress.edu the a en on of the global media, with States, India, Jamaica, and many other Making Globaliza on Work for several high-profi le reports ranging from places. Heralded as agents of prosperity Women: The Role of Social Rights the BBC to The Oprah Winfrey Show. and libera on, neoliberal economic and Trade Union Leadership, edited In Bangladesh, reasons for the a acks policies have all too o en refi gured and by Valen ne M. Moghadam, Suzanne include women’s rejec on of sexual redoubled the burdens of gender, race, Franzway, and Mary Margaret Fonow, advances from men, refusal of marriage caste, class, and regional subordina on 2011, 336pp. This book explores the proposals, family or land disputes, that women bear. Traders, garment poten al for trade unions to defend the and unmet dowry demands. The factory opera ves, hotel managers and socioeconomic rights of women in a consequences are mul ple: permanent maids, small farmers and agricultural global context. Looking at labor policies marks on the body, disfi gura on, and laborers, garbage pickers, domes c and interviews with people in unions poten al blindness. Chowdhury explores caregivers, daughters, wives, and and nongovernmental organiza ons, the complicated terrain of women’s mothers: Women around the world are the essays diagnose the problems transna onal an violence organizing struggling to challenge the tendency faced by women workers across the by focusing on the work done in of globaliza on talk to veil their world and assess the progress that Bangladesh around acid a acks—and marginaliza on.

1166 BBOOKSOOKS SStudytudy OOpportunitiespportunities

SIDA poli cs in Dutch society. Students will be its 33rd year, this annual three-week Advanced Interna onal Training housed in dormitories at the University educa on event brings together over Program 2012: “UN Security Council of Amsterdam. Excursions will include 120 par cipants from approximately 60 Resolu on 1325: Women, Peace and visits to major ac vist organiza ons, a countries. The program dates for 2012 Security” tour of the red light district, the Anne are June 3-22, 2012. The IHRTP is an Deadline: January 30 Frank House, and The Hague. For more intermediate-level program. It provides nyurl.com/3baxon8 informa on or to apply for the program, a unique opportunity for human rights The Swedish Interna onal Development please visit the web address provided workers and educators to deepen their Coopera on Agency (SIDA) off ers, as part above. understanding of human rights and of its bilateral development assistance, of the essen al role of human rights Advanced Interna onal Training Graduate Specializa on in Women’s educa on in eff ec ng social change. The Programs of strategic importance to the and Gender Studies goal of the IHRTP is to strengthen the social and economic development in the Deadline: Rolling Applica ons capacity of human rights organiza ons par cipants’ countries. The Interna onal nyurl.com/4f56x6c to undertake human rights educa on Training Programs are specially designed The graduate specializa on in Women’s eff orts (e.g., training, awareness for persons qualifi ed to par cipate in and Gender Studies is an elec ve campaigns, informa on dissemina on, reform processes of strategic importance addi on to master’s and doctoral and advocacy) aimed at building a global on diff erent levels and hold a posi on in degree programs at Michigan State culture of human rights. To this end, the their home organiza on with a mandate University. Once admi ed to their Program places a strong emphasis on to run processes of change. Please note chosen department, students may the transfer of learning and on follow-up that this program targets only Colombia, enroll in this program. Jointly sponsored ac vi es. Par cipants a ending the the Democra c Republic of Congo, by the College of Arts and Le ers Program develop an Individual Plan Georgia, Liberia and South Sudan. and the College of Social Science, the for pu ng their learning into ac on as specializa on is designed to provide part of the training. Therefore, when Michigan State University opportuni es for graduate students submi ng their applica on, both Study Abroad: Sexual Orienta on, to obtain a comprehensive, cross/ organiza ons and candidates nominated Gender Iden ty, and Sexual Poli cs in interdisciplinary academic experience should consider how the transfer of the Netherlands in women and gender and to foster the learning might take place within and Summer 2012 growth of interdisciplinary research beyond the organiza on a er the Deadline: March 1 and teaching on women and gender. Program. nyurl.com/72k vh Emphasis is given to understanding the The Netherlands has a history of diversity of women’s lives na onally and The Women of the Americas LGBTQ tolerance that is unparalleled. globally. The graduate specializa on Sustainability Initiative (WASI) Homosexual sex was decriminalized is open to graduate students with Ongoing from March 2012 in 1811, and the country was the fi rst adequate undergraduate prepara on nyurl.com/3mvvgtb in the world to legislate same-sex in women and gender. Graduate The Women of the Americas marriage. The Netherlands is not only a students interested in enrolling in Sustainability Ini a ve (WASI) is a country with one of the longest histories the specializa on should contact the network of global women leaders from of gran ng LGBTQ rights, but it is also Center for Gender in Global Context at 15 countries across South, Central, a place where “social tolerance” is [email protected]. and North America. Women will learn challenged by the increasing diversity of ecological design to take back to their Dutch society in terms of race, religion, Equitas communi es to build schools, homes, and na onality. Thus, unlike the US, 2012 Interna onal Human Rights community centers, etc., with the the right wing supports gay rights, Training Program (IHRTP) con nual support from WASI and its while denigra ng Muslim immigrants. Deadline for Canadian residents and team of design specialists. WASI is a At the same me, Amsterdam has a ci zens: March 28 once in a life me opportunity for the signifi cant Muslim gay movement, giving nyurl.com/43nyort women and organiza ons who are students an opportunity to explore The Interna onal Human Rights par cipa ng. Scholarships are available. the diff ering poli cal alignments and Training Program (IHRTP) is at the The mission of WASI is to create and intersec ons between culture and heart of Equitas’ ac vi es. Now in support deep, posi ve impact in social

1177 and ecological movements led by and can provide not only the means for basic allies in sustainable development for women. WASI supports women, who survival, but for las ng security and because they most o en lead eff orts make up 70% of the world’s poorest self-determina on. Women are powerful to secure water, food, fuel, educa on people and and healthcare are subject for their to economic families and and social communi es. injus ces Thus, women more o en are in a prime than men. posi on to When women connect deeply have the skills, and implement leadership socially and training, ecologically and support sustainable networks in prac ces. ecological Training women design-build to build new prac ces and environmentally, appropriate economically, technologies and socially so that they fair projects can build that serve their their own communi es houses and mobilizes them community as a formidable centers, they force for change. GGrantsrants aandnd FFellowshipsellowships

SSRC Georgetown University in their own countries. The program Disserta on Proposal Development Leadership and Advocacy for Women in accepts applicants from any African Fellowship Africa (LAWA) country and trains them for a Master of Deadline: February 1 Deadline: February 1 Law in women’s rights law. The LAWA www.ssrc.org/programs/dpdf/ nyurl.com/76af6gk Fellowship gives tui on for Founda ons The Disserta on Proposal Development The Leadership and Advocacy for of American Law and Legal Educa on Fellowship (DPDF) Program, which Women in Africa (LAWA) Fellowship Course (a U.S. $2,200 benefi t), for the supports mid-stage graduate students Program was founded in 1993 at the LL.M. degree (a U.S. $42,065 benefi t) at in the humani es and social sciences, Georgetown University Law Center the Georgetown University Law Center, is now accep ng applica ons for the in Washington, DC, in order to train and professional development training. 2012 fellowship cycle. This year’s women’s human rights lawyers from program contains the following research Africa who are commi ed to returning Google fi elds, led by senior faculty spanning home to their countries in order to Anita Borg Memorial Scholarship a variety of disciplines: Governing advance the status of women and girls Deadline: February 1 Global Produc on; Ecological History; in their own countries throughout their www.google.com/anitaborg/ Gender Jus ce in the Era of Human careers. The en re LAWA Fellowship Dr. Anita Borg devoted her adult life to Rights; Mediated Futures: Globaliza on Program is approximately 14 months revolu onizing the way we think about and Historical Territories; and New long (from July of the fi rst year through technology and dismantling barriers Approaches to Transna onalism and August of the following year), a er that keep women and minori es from Circulatory Migra on. which the LAWA Fellows return home to entering compu ng and technology con nue advoca ng for women’s rights fi elds. Her combina on of technical 1188 exper se and fearless vision con nues sustainability, broadly defi ned. Other agrees to submit a report describing to inspire and mo vate countless topics might include visual literacy and experiences and analyzing objec ves women to become ac ve par cipants cultural expression; public spheres achieved, share his/her experiences and leaders in crea ng technology. In and cyberspace; digital technology with others, and be available to make her honor, Google is proud to honor in academic research and prac ce, a presenta on to the U.S. Na onal Anita’s memory and support women in including new forms of archival inquiry. Commission for UNESCO. technology with the Google Anita Borg If chosen, ten to twelve scholars, Memorial Scholarship. Google hopes to teachers, ar sts, writers, and ac vists ACLU of Illinois encourage women to excel in compu ng from the United States and abroad Reproduc ve Rights Project Fellowship and technology and become ac ve will be provided with offi ces in the Deadline: Unspecifi ed role models and leaders in the fi eld. FCWSRC’s spacious facility, library nyurl.com/3vrut3k Google Anita Borg Scholarship recipients privileges, and par cipa on in a faculty The Reproduc ve Rights Project’s will each receive a fi nancial award for seminar with a diverse community of mission is to defend the rights of the academic year. A group of female colleagues in gender studies. The Center individuals to decide freely, without undergraduate and graduate students supports projects on this year’s theme governmental hindrance or coercion, will be chosen from the applicant pool, in all disciplines that focus centrally on whether and when to bear a child. It and scholarships will be awarded based women or gender. During the period of strives to make certain that all in our on the strength of each candidate’s appointment, Associates are expected society have access to safe, eff ec ve and academic background and demonstrated to be in residence in the Five College comprehensive contracep on, sexuality leadership. In addi on, all scholarship area, to a end weekly seminars, to educa on, reproduc ve technologies, recipients and fi nalists will be invited give two public presenta ons, and to prenatal care, childbearing assistance, to a end a retreat at Google. We know collaborate with colleagues based at one and abor on. The Reproduc ve Rights how important a suppor ve peer or more of the Five College ins tu ons. Fellow will assist senior staff counsel network can be for a student’s success. Pending approval, modest travel in all aspects of reproduc ve rights The retreat will include workshops, funds will be available and applicants li ga on, including trial and appellate speakers, panelists, breakout sessions with demonstrated need may also be work. The Fellow will also do public and social ac vi es scheduled over a considered for complimentary housing in speaking and work on legisla ve couple of days. The scholarships are a studio apartment at the Center. ma ers. Applicants should send a divided by loca on. resume, law school transcript, le er Laura W. Bush Traveling Fellowship of interest, list of references, and legal The Five College Women’s Studies Deadline: February 6 wri ng sample to: Reproduc ve Rights Research Center nyurl.com/6wzsur3 Fellowship Commi ee, ACLU of Illinois, Research Associateships on New Media The fellowship will help fund a proposal 180 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 2300, in Feminist Scholarship, Teaching and designed by the applicant to conduct Chicago, Illinois 60601, or by email Ac vism brief work in a foreign country related to [email protected]. For more Deadline: February 6 to the mandate of UNESCO—using informa on regarding the fellowship nyurl.com/7j7d6ws educa on, natural sciences, social please visit the web address listed The Five College Women’s Studies and human sciences, culture, and/ above. Research Center announces a call or communica on and informa on to for applica ons and nomina ons for build strong es among na ons. The 2012-2013 Research Associateships fellowship is intended for American with a focus on “New Media in college/university students who express Feminist Scholarship, Teaching and an interest in interna onal collabora on Ac vism.” As part of a year-long focus but as of yet have not been aff orded on examining the fi eld of gender many opportuni es to travel abroad. The studies and the impact of new media length of me for the travel is expected on research, teaching, and ac vism to be between 4 and 6 weeks and should within global perspec ves, the FCWSRC include interac on with individuals from invites proposals for projects that other na ons. During his/her travel, the may include, but are not limited to, recipient should be willing to par cipate exploring the impact of new media on: in public diplomacy events arranged with access and rights; uses of technology the per nent U.S. State Department and surveillance; transna onal Consulate, Mission, and/or Embassy. encounters; intersec onality; and Following the travel, the recipient

GGRANTSRANTS & FFELLOWSHIPSELLOWSHIPS 1199 CConferencesonferences

University of Nigeria, Nsukka economic front, most African countries Wales and the Faculty of Law, University 2012 Interna onal Conference on are marred with inept economic policies of Technology, Sydney, Australia and Emergent Issues in Humani es in Africa exacerbated by unfavorable IMF/World aims to bring together academics, in the Third Millennium Bank lending programs. Poli cally, lawyers, researchers, students and January 30-February 3 the excesses of authoritarian regimes ac vists from around the world to nyurl.com/7u 37l have resulted in protracted civil and explore: how women’s experiences have This conference which will be held at ethnic wars, ins tu onal collapse, been structured, impacted, controlled, the University of Nigeria in Nsukka, and destruc on of civil society and or ignored by law; the challenges posed Enugu aims to assemble scholars from democra c accountability. Human by globaliza on, growing militariza on across the globe who are interested in security is at its record low with most and fundamentalism to the law and the issues now emerging in discourses in African countries at the bo om of legal structures; and the possibili es humani es in Africa. Proposed themes the UNDP human development index. and limits of realizing women’s rights and sub-themes for the conference Looking beyond the gloomy reali es through the law. The conference will include the following: Climate change enumerated above, organizers seek be held over three days at ILS Law adapta on from the Arts; Gender to take a step further to fi nd viable College and will explore the following and leadership in restructured Africa; mul dimensional solu ons to these themes: Feminist Li ga on; Women Contemporary issues in language and myriad development problems. Based on and Sexuality; Feminiza on of Poverty; literary studies; New trends in theatre the premise that we forget the past at Women and Traffi cking; Teaching and fi lm studies in Africa; The role the detriment of the future, historicizing Gender; Women and Work; Gender and of communica on (social media) in the debate is of utmost importance; Violence; Women and Militariza on; re-structuring Africa; Contemporary thus, it is opportune that this conference Women and the Environment; Women visual African arts and its cultural coincides with Black History Month—a and Discrimina on; Women and undertones; Emerging rela onship month that emphasizes African iden ty Globaliza on; Women and Public Policy; between Archaeology and tourism in the and emancipa on. However, while and Women and Reproduc ve Rights/ Third Millennium; New trends in African unearthing the colonial imprints, the Health. music; Feminism versus Womanism organizers aim to move beyond the in the Third Millennium; Reconciling construc on of “Africa as tragedy” to Centre for Advanced Study of the theory and prac ce in the Humani es; explore the alterna ves and possibili es Arab World (CASAW), University of Business German and the reform of that lie ahead. Some of the sub-themes Manchester German studies in Third Millennium; for the conference include the following: Narra ng The Arab Spring The relevance of music studies to Security, peace and confl ict; Democracy February 18-20 the apprecia on of music in Africa; and governance; Interna onal economic www.wmf.org.eg/en/node/933 Language as tool for the evolu on and rela ons (foreign aid, FDI, mining, Narra ves of the Arab Spring are not materializa on of technology; Evolu on south-south coopera on); Human uniform: they range from idealis c and new horizons in gender studies development (health, educa on, water celebra on to dark pessimism. This from humanis c point of view; and the management, sustainability); Ci zenship is understandable considering the value of language in the development, and Iden ty; the role of the African vastness and magnitude of the events, sustenance and transfer of science and Diaspora in development. the dominant paradigms that have technology. tradi onally been used to understand International Conference on and predict events in the Arab world, Africa Yesterday, Today, and Feminism and the Law as well as the moun ng pressures Tomorrow: Exploring the Multi- Revisi ng the Past, Rethinking the and diffi cul es that con nue to arise. Dimensional Discourses on Present and Thinking the Way Forward Notwithstanding, the Arab Spring has “Development” February 10-12 also resulted in raising new ques ons February 10-11 www.feminismlawconference2012.com and elabora ng new narra ves about nyurl.com/7dyxc96 The ILS Law College, Pune, India the power and authority of modern While other regions in the global South will host the inaugural interna onal states, ini a ng novel forms of are making headway in economic conference on feminism and the law. resistance and new modes of ac vism in growth, Africa seems to be caught up The Conference is supported by the connec ng with global movements; in in a development quagmire. On the Faculty of Law, University of New South raising issues of gender and ci zenship; 2200 in promo ng the culture of revolu ons; focus on a cri cal examina on of the regions and/or cases which might be and in asser ng people’s power. The phenomena noted above with the idea examined in this light. Some possible aim of this interna onal conference to iden fy and think through some of themes/panels include the following: is to consider and shed light on the the links between them. How may we Framing Terrorism, Fundamentalism, new narra ves emerging from and understand the complex and intricate Gender, Sexuality (TFGS); Confl ict, about the Arab Spring. It will bring links between terrorism, types of confl ict resolu on, human security, and together par cipants from the Arab fundamentalism and the Neoliberal human development; Imagining TFGS: world, the UK, and beyond to refl ect economic regime/Neoliberalism. How Cinema, Media, Literary and other on the momentous events of 2011 do these draw on and impact dominant Representa ons of TFGS; Gendered and exchange views and experiences. regimes of gender and sexuality? How violence and violent gendering in TFGS/ The conference is organized by The are the meanings of these phenomena the many violences of TFGS; Honor, Centre for the Advanced Study of the manufactured, and challenged? Over the shame, shamelessness and TFGS; Arab World (CASAW) at the University two days of the conference, we hope to and Discourses of “development”/ of Manchester in coopera on with cover this terrain extensively—in terms “underdevelopment” and TFGS. The Department of English at Cairo of the range of issues and dimension University and The Women and Memory of these mul ple rela ons—and University of Michigan Forum. It will be held in Cairo, marking intensively—in terms of specifi c levels, Four Field Anthropology Graduate the fi rst anniversary Conference: Dynamic of the ous ng of Kinship Mubarak on February March 16-17 11, 2011. It will nyurl.com/83t9xbk run for three days, The Michigan and will consist of Anthropology Graduate panels, roundtable Associa on invites discussions, as well as graduate students in all invited tes monials by four fi elds of anthropology ac vists and ar sts. and related programs to address the seminal St Stephen’s ques on of kinship in its College, Kartini third annual four fi eld Network Asia conference to be held in (KAN), & SANGAT March. Organizers are Brave New World: seeking research papers The Gendered that explore the study Poli cal Economy of kinship in innova ve of Terrorism and ways: as it is constructed Fundamentalism and unmade, emergent March 12-17 and embedded, rooted nyurl.com/89n98y6 in the past and oriented This conference will to the future. How are be held in Delhi, India. the boundaries of kinship As the tle indicates, defi ned, rehearsed, and the conference enacted? What diff erences aims to explore, are made between through the lens of biological kin and other gender, the poli cal- forms of relatedness? economic bases of the What lines are drawn rela onship between between humans and the phenomena other species? What commonly referred cons tutes the substance to as “terrorism” and of kinship? How is kinship fundamentalisms ed to space and place? of various kinds. Examples of possible The conference will topics to be explored

CCONFERENCESONFERENCES 2211 include the following: kinship regula on of Aceh. This conference is also a The conference is hosted by the and adop on; kinship in the digital forum for scholars contribu ng to Centre for Women’s Studies at the age; exchange, inheritance and poli cal the advancement and accelera on of University of York and focuses on the economy; migra on, memory, and sustainable development in Aceh. It interdisciplinary study of sexuality, extended kin networks; and housing kin will be held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia media, and gender from an Arab and kin houses. in conjunc on with the fi rst mee ng of perspec ve and the intersec on Interna onal Associa on of Acehnese between all three. It aims to provide Aceh Development International Scholars (IAAS) and Workshop on Civil grounds for discussion and analysis of Conference Society and NGO’s working in Aceh. these three disciplines and to encourage March 26-28 Issues to be highlighted include the debate, research and networking in nyurl.com/7vtbkc2 following: development based on Islamic these fi elds. Scholars, early career This interna onal conference on the learning; development of educa on, researchers, and prac oners are development of Aceh is a new annual economic and fi nance, language, culture encouraged to par cipate. Overarching conference ini ated by Acehnese and custom, art, history, law, jus ce, themes for the conference include the students in the Tanoeh Rincoeng poli cs and human rights; designing following: Representa ons of Arab Acehnese Student Associa on (TARSA) public facili es and transporta on women’s sexuality in Western and/or and scholars in Interna onal Associa on systems; women and children; disaster Arabic media (media as an umbrella of Acehnese Scholars (IAAS) residing mi ga on; tourism and promo on; and term encompassing tradi onal, online, in Malaysia. The primary goal of this development of infrastructure. new media, and so on); Approaches conference is to facilitate the dialogue to sexuality in Arabic media; and Arab of ideas and the sharing of knowledge Arab Women, Media and Sexuality women’s percep ons of their sexuality and insight from all academic disciplines Conference vis-à-vis the media. If you have any around the globe on the current May 26 queries or comments please contact and future development program www.awmsconference.wordpress.com Eb hal Mahadeen at [email protected]. CCallsalls forfor PapersPapers

Global Development Medals Weaving Alliances from Feminist co-author. Please see the IAFFE website Competition Economics for detailed submission guidelines, Deadline: January 31 Deadline: February 1 as well as the limits for individual nyurl.com/c73uvzr nyurl.com/7ktw6ld par cipa on in panels and paper The Global Development Network The 2012 IAFFE conference theme presenta ons. The conference will be invites researchers and organiza ons will be conducive to discussions on held on June 27-29, 2012 at the Facultat from developing and transi on countries the eff ects of the global crisis as well de Geografi a i Història, Universitat de to submit research proposals, completed as policy, ac on and alliances from Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. research papers and proposals for a feminist economics perspec ve. scaling-up development projects In addi on to regular presenta ons, (M)other Nature?: Inscriptions, exploring the following compe on everyone is invited to organize Locations, Revolutions Themes: The Interac ve Economy and sessions and present papers analyzing Deadline: February 15 Urban Development; Urban Externali es the mul ple aspects of the crisis The conference invites papers on the (Contagious Disease, Conges on and and to shape feminist responses theme of “nature” from a variety of Crime) and Urban Poverty; the Enabling to the challenging ques ons facing interpreta ve approaches, to discuss Environment—Housing, Transporta on the world today. Proposals must be modes in which the con nuous present and Infrastructure. For details on the submi ed online via the IAFFE website. of (mother) nature—as concept, compe on and eligibility criteria please Submissions can be made for panels reality, representa on—is confi gured visit the Global Development Network or individual papers. Par cipants are in conjunc on with expressions of website. limited to one formal paper presenta on cultural history, literary and visual texts, and one panel discussion. Addi onal as well as a controversial discourse of IAFFE Annual Conference co-authored papers are allowed so immanent otherness. The following Human Well-Being for the 21st Century: long as they are presented by the other are some suggested topics: Nature 2222 and feminism; Nature and mothering; Perspec ves on Gender and Love; has captured the a en on of many Mother country/tongue v. alterity; Transforma ons of In macy in a Global scholarly debates. However, it remains Colonialism/post-colonialism and World; Sex and Choice; Reproduc ve ques onable as to whether the opening the environment; Nature and the Rights; Sexual Ci zenship; and up of conversa onal spaces between technologies of control. It is an cipated Representa ons of Gender and Love. Feminist IR and mainstream IR, and that par cipants will adopt a variety of Abstract submissions should be 300 the perceived voice which may have approaches, including examina ons of words. If an abstract is accepted for the been won, have indeed facilitated a individual works in various genres and conference, a full dra paper should be ques oning of IR’s tradi onal roots. media, compara ve, transcultural and submi ed by Friday, June 22. For more Similarly, in a fast-changing world where interdisciplinary studies, and discussions informa on please visit the web address rhetoric and reality are confl ated in of theore cal issues. Prospec ve provided above. the discourse of interconnectedness, par cipants are invited to so-called divides between submit abstracts of up to 200 feminist academics and gender words to litcultstbucharest@ policy makers are taken as a gmail.com. Proposals for panel given and some mes become discussions (to be organized weakly conceptualized and by the par cipant) will also under-theorized. Against this considered. A selec on of backdrop, the conference papers will be published in seeks to bring scholars University of Bucharest Review and prac oners together (listed on EBSCO, CEEOL and to cri cally consider the Ulrichsweb). implica ons of erec ng epistemological and empirical Gender and Love fences, and to explore ways in Deadline: March 16 which gender analysis—as it nyurl.com/7gorskm intersects with the analysis of The study of gender is other iden es such as race, an interdisciplinary fi eld class, ethnicity and sexual intertwined with feminism, orienta on—may be used to queer studies, sexuality challenge preconceived ideas studies, postcolonial studies, about camps, silos and borders. and cultural studies (to name Sub-themes include the just some relevant fi elds). following: Theorizing the idea This project calls for the of borders and divides—myths considera on of gender in and reali es; Gender across rela on to various kinds of the policy/donor/prac oner/ love (with regard, for example, academy divide; Gender across to self, spirit, religion, family, geographical divides (gendering friendship, ethics, na on, transna onal spaces); Gender globaliza on, environment, and across ins tu onal divides so on). How do the interac ons (gendering interna onal of gender and love promote: par cular International Feminist Journal of organiza on(s)); Gender across feminist performances of gender; concep ons Politics Conference divides; Gender across disciplinary and of individual and collec ve iden ty; “Leaving the Camp—Gender Analysis transdisciplinary divides. Conference forma ons of community; no ons of Across Real and Perceived Divides” organizers invite submissions for the human; understandings of good Deadline: March 30 individual papers or pre-cons tuted and evil? These are just some of the The aim of this conference is to serve as panels on any topic pertaining to the ques ons that occupy this project. a forum for developing and discussing conference theme and sub-themes. Papers, presenta ons, workshops and papers that IFJP hopes to publish. These They also welcome papers and panels pre-formed panels are invited on issues can be on the conference theme or on that consider other feminist IR-related related to any of the following themes: other feminist IR-related ques ons. ques ons. Please send 250 word Love as a Disciplinary Force: Produc ons The nature and quality of the insider- abstracts to Heidi Hudson (hudsonh@ of Gender; Norms, Norma vity, outsider feminist conversa ons with ufs.ac.za). In macy; Gendered Yearnings; Global and about Interna onal Rela ons (IR)

CCALLSALLS FORFOR PAPERSPAPERS 2233 International Journal of Sociology Sociolinguis cs, Sta s cs, Gerontology, to scien fi c researchers in the public and and Anthropology (IJSA) Anthrozoology, Primatology, Archeology, private sectors, government agencies, Deadline: Ongoing Ethnology, Feminist Sociology, educators and the general public. The www.academicjournals.org/IJSA Biological anthropology, Psychological journal also provides a medium for IJSA is currently documenta on and archiving accep ng of research ar cles. IJSA manuscripts for papers are exposed to the publica on. IJSA widest possible readership. publishes rigorous Manuscripts must be sent theore cal as email a achment to ijsa. reasoning [email protected]. and advanced IJSA editorial board makes an empirical research objec ve and quick decision in all areas of on each manuscript and the subjects. The informs the corresponding journal welcomes author within four weeks of the submission submission. If accepted, the of manuscripts ar cle is published online in that meet the the next issue. general criteria of signifi cance and Diesis: Footnotes on scien fi c excellence, and will publish: anthropology, etc. Each issue will Literary Identities original ar cles in basic and applied normally contain a mixture of peer- Deadline: Ongoing research, case studies, cri cal reviews, reviewed research ar cles, reviews or www.diesisjournal.org surveys, opinions, commentaries essays using a variety of methodologies Diesis: Literary Studies in Gender and and essays. We welcome ar cles or and approaches. IJSA is fully commi ed Sexuality is an online open-access, proposals from all perspec ves and on to the Open Access Ini a ve and will peer-edited journal devoted to the all subjects pertaining to Criminology, provide free access to all ar cles as soon explora on of gender and sexuality Cultural anthropology, Islamic sociology, as they are published. IJSA is an open across me, space, and genre. Diesis is Medical sociology, Poli cal sociology, access journal and all ar cles published par cularly interested in working with Social anthropology, Social psychology, are available online without restric on and publishing burgeoning scholars of all Sociobiology, Socioeconomics, educa onal backgrounds. OOnlinenline RResourcesesources

Asian Development Bank Center for Women’s Global human rights in order to be er inform Development Eff ec veness and Results Leadership (CWGL) discussions about solu ons to the h p://www.adb.org/results Brief Number 1: Making current economic crisis in the United ADB has just launched its new website Macroeconomics Work for US: A States. The briefs aim to both engender on Development Eff ec veness and Feminist Perspec ve analy cal and prac cal approaches to Results. It merges content on MfDR nyurl.com/455ez5s human rights in general, and economic and aid eff ec veness to give users a Building on feminist economic analyses, and social rights in par cular, as well as more streamlined, easy-to-access web the Center for Women’s Global strengthen the capacity of feminist and experience. The new site reports on Leadership (CWGL) is undertaking social jus ce movements. what ADB is doing to achieve greater the produc on of periodic briefs— eff ec veness and results, both within Nexus: Shaping Feminist Visions in the Center for Health and Gender Equity the ins tu on and with its developing 21st Century—to enhance women’s (CHANGE) member countries. Browse the News leadership for the realiza on of human The U.S. Global Health Ini a ve and sec on for ar cles, speeches, events, rights. Brief Number 1—”Making Sexual and Reproduc ve Health and feature stories and mul media related to Macroeconomics Work For US: A Rights: Integra on development eff ec veness. Feminist Perspec ve”—highlights nyurl.com/6txgwuf linkages between macroeconomics and CHANGE has launched a series of policy 2244 briefs examining the strengths of the countries can iden fy strengths and Checklist, to be used as a guide for GHI, and recommending best prac ces gaps in na onal strategies, policies and ensuring gender mainstreaming at for ensuring those strengths translate ac on plans to address gender equality diff erent project phases; The Gender- into tangible policy and program change. as a social driver of HIV; collaborate Sensi ve Stakeholder Analysis, which The most recent installment in its GHI with stakeholders to generate and illuminates the diff erent roles men and series focuses on the cri cal need for advocate for prac cal solu ons; and women play in a project, and how the integra on of family planning, maternal develop and advocate recommenda ons project aff ects them; and The Gender health, and HIV programs and services. for improvement. Based on ICRW’s Monitoring Matrix, a monitoring system It will be followed by a policy brief experience in Cambodia and Uganda, that uses quan ta ve and qualita ve discussing country ownership, and was this guide by Reshma Trasi, Katherine indicators in matrix or table form. preceded in 2010 by A Woman-Centered Fritz, Katya Burns, and Zayid Douglas Approach to the U.S. Global Health off ers lessons and tools that will enable OXFAM IniƟ aƟ ve. CHANGE has also developed others to replicate similar processes in Gender and Disaster Risk Reduc on: A a fact sheet on the GHI as it relates to other countries. Training Pack sexual and reproduc ve health and nyurl.com/3pw22eh rights. Nigerian Environmental Study/ Understanding how gender rela ons Action Team (NEST) shape women’s and men’s lives is cri cal What Does Family Planning Have To Do Gender and Climate Change Adapta on to disaster risk reduc on (DRR). This is With HIV? Everything Tools for Community-Level Ac on in because women’s and men’s diff erent nyurl.com/8x8p5vj Nigeria roles, responsibili es, and access to In an eff ort to advocate for nyurl.com/62kjfaf resources infl uence how each will be comprehensive, eff ec ve sexual and This toolkit prepared by the NEST as a aff ected by diff erent hazards, and how reproduc ve health care, CHANGE, part of the Building Nigeria’s Response they will cope with and recover from with endorsements from Pathfi nder, to Climate Change (BNRCC) Project disaster. Unequal power rela ons TAG, Family Care Interna onal, the presents a gender-sensi ve approach to between women and men mean that, Interna onal Community of Women climate change adapta on in Nigeria, a despite the incredible resilience and Living With HIV-Global (ICW), and Health country whose people are experiencing capacity for survival that women o en GAP, has developed this fact sheet and reac ng to changes in rainfall exhibit in the face of disaster, they also demonstra ng the intrinsic link between pa erns, storm surges, and increased experience a range of gender-specifi c family planning and HIV preven on and heat. The impacts of climate change, vulnerabili es. Oxfam believes that all treatment, and how a acks on family whether they are gradual changes on of its work should strive to strengthen planning aff ect HIV preven on and natural resources and agriculture or gender equality and women’s rights treatment. more cataclysmic events like fl ood, are by transforming the balance of power felt diff erently by either gender. This between women and men. It sees this as International Center for Research on report eff ec vely charts climate change both a ma er of jus ce and basic rights, Women (ICRW) impacts on women in Nigeria and their and as a means of addressing poverty An Ac on Guide for Gender Equality in current strategies for adapta on. For and suff ering more eff ec vely. This is Na onal HIV Plans: Catalyzing Change example: In Nigeria, some wells are par cularly important in preparing for, Through Evidence-Based Advocacy drying up, forcing women and children and responding to, disasters and the nyurl.com/7gnu4xx to travel further to collect water and impacts of climate change, as these Na onal governments must design, fi rewood. Women’s strategies for tend to magnify exis ng inequali es build and maintain policy, legisla ve adap ng to water insecurity include between women and men. This training and strategic frameworks that support harves ng rainwater and purchasing pack by M. C. Ciampi, F. Gell, L. Lasap, the implementa on, scale-up and water from vendors. The publica on and E. Turvill has been wri en for Oxfam monitoring of gender-responsive also provides roadmaps to ensure program staff , partner organiza ons HIV programs. Many tools have been gender integra on in all stages and and other agencies working in areas developed for the specifi c purpose aspects of climate change projects and associated with DRR. Its purpose is of integra ng gender into exis ng policy across Nigeria and examines the to provide a “gender lens” through programs. However, no ceably absent eff ec veness of BNRCC pilot projects. which they can plan, implement, and are na onal-level strategic plans Tools for ensuring gender integra on evaluate their work. The focus here is and policies that create the enabling into climate change projects and on the opera onal aspects of projects environment in which gender-responsive policy include: The Gender Equality and programs, and to a lesser extent programs and services can thrive, Framework, a framework to support on infl uencing broader ins tu onal proliferate and be sustained. This ac on the mainstreaming of gender in climate policies and prac ces through policy guide describes a process through which change projects; The Gender Integra on and advocacy work. The pack aims OONLINENLINE RRESOURCESESOURCES 2255 to develop par cipants’ skills and addressed are numerous: laws, criminal notes which provided the basis of the competencies in addressing gender charges, support of vic ms, awareness- social ins tu ons variables. issues throughout the project cycle, raising, and many organiza ons play a from assessment, analysis, and planning role in addressing VAW: government, World Bank, FAO, JLIFAD through to implementa on, monitoring, police, NGOs. This wide range of topics Gender in Agriculture and evalua on. and ac vi es means that there is a lot of www.genderinag.org informa on on violence against women Genderinag.org is an online forum Rights for Change in terms of prevalence, interven ons, designed to provide access to resources, Mapping Violence Against Women: A and actors. Mapping informa on allows tools and informa on which can help Tool to Map the Prevalence of Violence users to make an inventory of the prac oners and other stakeholders Against Women and the Interven ons informa on that is available by lis ng mainstream gender into agricultural Addressing It sources and structures the main fi ndings development. It is dedicated to raising nyurl.com/3whwnzz and by doing so to get an overview gender awareness and improving This mapping-tool supports NGOs and of both the nature and scale of the gender mainstreaming in an eff ort service-providing organiza ons to get prevalence of violence against women to help improve gender equality and an overall picture of Violence Against in its various forms, and the exis ng and gender equity ini a ves in agricultural Women (VAW) in their country/region. lacking interven ons to address it. development. The website off ers a scope What is the prevalence of the various of the basic gender concepts, from a forms of VAW? What measures are Social Institutions and Gender Index broad overview of rural development being taken by governments, service- nyurl.com/3qte5r7 to a more narrowed focus on country- providing organiza ons and NGOs to The Social Ins tu ons and Gender Index specifi c case studies and project results. address VAW? Who is working on which (SIGI) is a new composite measure of The website also responds to how topic, and what are the blind spots? The gender equality, based on the OECD’s to incorporate gender into projects, tool helps to collect, to structure and to Gender, Ins tu ons and Development compiling good prac ces and innova ve evaluate relevant informa on. It covers Database. While conven onal indicators ac vi es for learning. various forms of violence, from domes c of gender equality capture inequality violence to forced steriliza on; from rape outcomes, the SIGI focuses on the root to early marriages, and so on. Also the causes behind these inequali es. The ways in which violence against women is index is based on 124 detailed country BBookook RRevieweview

ReproducƟ on, GlobalizaƟ on, and the State: New TheoreƟ cal and Ethnographic PerspecƟ ves, edited by Carole H. Browner and Carolyn F. Sargent. 2011, 293 pages. Duke University Press, Durham. Reviewed by Dana Chalupa, Doctoral Student, Department of Sociology, Michigan State University.

ReproducƟ on, GlobalizaƟ on, and the State: New TheoreƟ cal and Ethnographic PerspecƟ ves is an edited volume of assorted ethnographic scholarship on the infl uences of global ins tu ons, ideologies, and the state on the reproduc on and reproduc ve health of women and men. The focus on ethnography produces a diverse array of research on communi es and the agency of the members of these communi es. This volume was compiled by anthropologists primarily for other anthropologists as well as scholars interested in the scholarship of reproduc on. The collec on reveals the dispari es and unequal treatment of the members of various communi es as a result of state popula on regula on and dominant ideologies of health and reproduc on. The collec on is divided into three parts, each of which addresses these issues and focuses on a specifi c theme ranging from agency at the local level, biotechnological infl uences, and consequences of reproduc on for immigrants. One major theme dedicated to the fi rst part of the book but recurring throughout the volume is the emphasis on the interac ons of state, regional, and global policies, structures, and ins tu ons in local communi es. The chapters in Part I also explore how people u lize their agency by making their own reproduc ve decisions in response to policies and biotechnologies. The fi rst chapter by Erikson describes the transforma on of the reproduc ve decisions by pregnant women in Germany as a result of state imposed policies that mandate ultrasounds. In the following chapter, Chen also examines the infl uence of state imposed policy by looking at the popula on control project in China. Chen asserts that this project resulted in the labeling and stereotyping of rural families, par cularly females, as “others” and as “backwards.” Gu man in the 2266 following chapter also addresses the infl uence of the government on the family planning of Mexican families. He asserts that the process of family planning and state popula on policy has neglected Mexican men because of the focus on women and their use of birth control for family planning. However, even with macro-level infl uences, Gu man fi nds that Mexican women choose to have fewer children to increase the standard of living of their children. In chapter four, Richey analyzes the localized eff ects of the history and policies at the local, state, and global levels for HIV-posi ve South African women. Richey fi nds that South African women on an retroviral drugs are reconceptualizing the no on of a therapeu c ci zen through their decision making on their reproduc on. The following chapter by Hollen also examines how HIV-posi ve women u lize their agency. The state of Tamil Nadu in India presents a specifi c local socio-cultural context with a medical care system that discriminates against pregnant HIV-posi ve women and thus requires them to strategically fi nd basic obstetric assistance. In the last chapter of Part I, Gruenbaum analyzes how Sudanese women are experiencing an intersec on of opposing regional, na onal, interna onal, and religious ideologies and views on female genital cu ng. Nevertheless, Gruenbaum asserts that Sudanese women are ac ve in the transforma on of their values and percep ons on women’s and girls’ rights, health and wellbeing. All of these chapters are able to capture the overarching theme of this part of the collec on which demonstrates that even with state imposed policies; women around the world are taking ownership of their reproduc ve health. On the other hand, Part II explores the regula on of reproduc ve biotechnology which has confronted tradi onal defi ni ons of family. For example, chapter seven by Bharadwaj explains that the s gma of infer lity in India has caused Indian couples to exchange their embryos for free in vitro fer liza on. This exchange of embryos is benefi cial to the development of stem cell research in India and is therefore seen as improving India’s posi on in the global context as a biotechnological superpower. In the following chapter, Inhorn details the use of gamete donor technologies in Shia majority countries because of reinterpreta ons of religious law. This has produced medical transna onalism and reproduc ve tourism for infer le Muslims as well as caused a reconsidera on of tradi onal Islamic no ons of reproduc on and kinship. In the concluding chapter of Part II, Fonseca describes the changing gender rela ons between Brazilian men and women who have access to DNA paternity tests regardless of their class due to state policy. This sec on describes how global reproduc ve biotechnologies are transformed by people for their own needs while impac ng state-level research, religious ideologies and gender rela ons. Part III of this collec on examines how transna onal migra on has created reproduc ve consequences due to the ins tu onalizing force of immigrant policies and unaccustomed structures, prac ces, and regula ons that cause hardships for immigrants, their families, and their reproduc ve agency. Padilla in chapter ten highlights that the changing structural condi ons in the Dominican Republic have created a regional masculinity given men’s labor as migrant tourism workers. However, this regional masculinity has led to the increased risk of HIV and STIs for the migrant workers’ partners. In the following chapter, Bledsoe and Sow acknowledge how family reunifi ca on for African migrants in Spain and Germany has nega ve consequences for their reproduc ve lives. Many restric ons impede and lengthen the process of reunifi ca on as some marry or have children with Spaniards or Germans to remain in the countries while maintaining their families in Africa. Sargent in the following chapter also reveals the hardships of Africans in Europe by illustra ng the racism that West African migrant women face in the hospitals of France which secretly a empt to give African women contracep on. However, some West African women also choose to use contracep on which disrupts family rela ons and causes tension with their husbands. In chapter thirteen, Browner stresses the complexi es in decision making for recent Mexican immigrant women in California to have an amniocentesis given the risk of a defec ve pregnancy. Through the process of transla on, these women’s decision on whether or not to receive the test is infl uenced by the translators. In the fi nal chapter of the volume, Eden addresses refugees or internally displaced women who are relocated to “no-woman’s-land” where they are put in great risk of sexual violence. Globalized public health policies have diminished funds for the reproduc ve health of these women which in turn aff ects their well-being and their families. Lastly, the epilogue by Fassin gives an example of the transna onal confl ict in the poli cs of reproduc on between the French State and an Algerian migrant woman regarding an adopted child by Algerian government standards. This example reveals states’ control of immigrant fl ows by only accep ng blood es as family es. These fi nal chapters highlight the adversi es that immigrants face in host countries and the consequences it has for their reproduc on and reproduc ve health. Overall this is a diverse and unique collec on of ethnographies that illustrates the various complexi es of reproduc on and reproduc ve health for women and men. The strength of the volume is the a empt to conceptualize human agency and the explora on of how reproduc on in varying communi es are infl uenced by global and state ins tu ons, policies, ideologies, and biotechnology. While the editors state that the volume adds to the scholarship of sexual and reproduc ve lives of women and men, most of the chapters focus on women’s experiences, once again leaving men out of the reproduc on discourse. While some of the chapters do address gender rela ons, the focus remains on the eff ect of gender rela ons on women. Despite this, the volume is s ll a strong collec on of ethnographic scholarship on issues of reproduc on and reproduc ve health in various communi es all over the world.

BBOOKOOK RREVIEWEVIEW 2277 If there are any changes to your address, please provide our offi ce with a correc on: Email: bulle [email protected] • Telephone: 517-353-5040 • Fax: 517-432-4845

For informa on on the Center for Gender in Global Context, visit www.gencen.msu.edu or email [email protected]. For informa on on GenCen’s Gender, Development, and Globaliza on (formerly Women and Interna onal Development) Program, visit gencen.msu.edu/gdg.

Thank You.

**Note: all photos courtesy of Global Focus, Interna onal Studies and Programs, Michigan State University**

East Lansing, MI 48824-1035 USA 48824-1035 MI Lansing, East

206 Interna 206 onal Center onal

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a program of program a Gender, Development, and Globalization and Development, Gender,