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Analysis of Bittorrent Protocol and Its Effect on the Network ENSC 427: Final Project Report Spring 2011
SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Analysis of BitTorrent Protocol and Its Effect on the Network ENSC 427: Final Project Report Spring 2011 Group 11 www.sfu.ca/~kna5/ensc427 Ken Kyoungwoo Nam 301046747 Kna5 @sfu.ca Yu Jie Xu 301083552 Xya14 @ sfu.ca Abstract The first version of the peer-to-peer file sharing protocol was invented in 1999, called Napster protocol. From then on, the application of peer-to-peer protocol has been widely spread in the internet. The advantage of the network with p2p protocol is that it needs much less server bandwidth compare to the basic client and server network. Moreover, in the p2p network, the client itself is the server, so they can communicate with each other without the central sever. Nowadays, there are two primary peer-to-peer file sharing protocol that dominate in the network: the Gnutella protocol and BitTorrent Protocol. In our project, we will focus on BitTorrent Protocol. To do this, we will create three different networks in OPNET, and investigate the network performance with and without BitTorrent nodes. 2 Table of contents 1. Introduction…………..……………………………………………………………......4 2. Theory……………...………………………………………………………………......4 2.1 Terminology and Definition…………………………………………………......5 2.2 Peer-to-Peer Protocol…………………………………………………………….5 2.3 BitTorrent Protocol………………………………………………………………6 2.4 BitTorrent Tracker………………………………………………………………7 2.5 Rarest Algorithm…………………………………………………………………8 2.6 Choke Algorithm…………………………………………………………………9 3. Implementation…...…………………………………………………………..……...10 3.1 Packet Formats………………………………………………………………….11 3.2 Normal Client and Server Node Models………………………………………11 3.3 Plain Peer-to-Peer Node Model……………………………………..…………12 3.4 BitTorrent Node Model……………………………………………………...…13 3.5 Building the Small Network……………………………………………………14 3.6 Building the Large Network…………………………………………………...15 4. -
Uila Supported Apps
Uila Supported Applications and Protocols updated Oct 2020 Application/Protocol Name Full Description 01net.com 01net website, a French high-tech news site. 050 plus is a Japanese embedded smartphone application dedicated to 050 plus audio-conferencing. 0zz0.com 0zz0 is an online solution to store, send and share files 10050.net China Railcom group web portal. This protocol plug-in classifies the http traffic to the host 10086.cn. It also 10086.cn classifies the ssl traffic to the Common Name 10086.cn. 104.com Web site dedicated to job research. 1111.com.tw Website dedicated to job research in Taiwan. 114la.com Chinese web portal operated by YLMF Computer Technology Co. Chinese cloud storing system of the 115 website. It is operated by YLMF 115.com Computer Technology Co. 118114.cn Chinese booking and reservation portal. 11st.co.kr Korean shopping website 11st. It is operated by SK Planet Co. 1337x.org Bittorrent tracker search engine 139mail 139mail is a chinese webmail powered by China Mobile. 15min.lt Lithuanian news portal Chinese web portal 163. It is operated by NetEase, a company which 163.com pioneered the development of Internet in China. 17173.com Website distributing Chinese games. 17u.com Chinese online travel booking website. 20 minutes is a free, daily newspaper available in France, Spain and 20minutes Switzerland. This plugin classifies websites. 24h.com.vn Vietnamese news portal 24ora.com Aruban news portal 24sata.hr Croatian news portal 24SevenOffice 24SevenOffice is a web-based Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. 24ur.com Slovenian news portal 2ch.net Japanese adult videos web site 2Shared 2shared is an online space for sharing and storage. -
Asynchronous Covert Communication Using Bittorrent Trackers Mathieu Cunche, Mohamed Ali Kaafar, Roksana Boreli
Asynchronous Covert Communication Using BitTorrent Trackers Mathieu Cunche, Mohamed Ali Kaafar, Roksana Boreli To cite this version: Mathieu Cunche, Mohamed Ali Kaafar, Roksana Boreli. Asynchronous Covert Communication Using BitTorrent Trackers. International Symposium on Cyberspace Safety and Security (CSS), Aug 2014, Paris, France. hal-01053147 HAL Id: hal-01053147 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01053147 Submitted on 29 Jul 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Asynchronous Covert Communication Using BitTorrent Trackers Mathieu Cunche∗†, Mohamed-Ali Kaafar†‡, Roksana Boreli‡ †Inria, France ∗INSA-Lyon CITI, France ‡National ICT Australia fi[email protected] fi[email protected] Abstract—Covert channels enable communicating parties to in a swarm (set of peers downloading and/or sharing a given exchange messages without being detected by an external ob- content). Our contributions are as follows. server. We propose a novel covert channel mechanism based We present a communication scheme that enables two on BitTorrent trackers. The proposed mechanism uses common HTTP commands, thus having the appearance of genuine web parties to perform a hidden exchange of information through traffic and consists of communications that are both indirect and the centralized BitTorrent tracker. -
A Study of Peer-To-Peer Systems
A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems JIA, Lu A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong August 2009 Abstract of thesis entitled: A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems Submitted by JIA, Lu for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The Chinese University of Hong Kong in June 2009 Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems have evolved rapidly and become immensely popular in Internet. Users in P2P systems can share resources with each other and in this way the server loading is reduced. P2P systems' good performance and scalability attract a lot of interest in the research community as well as in industry. Yet, P2P systems are very complicated systems. Building a P2P system requires carefully and repeatedly thinking and ex- amining architectural design issues. Instead of setting foot in all aspects of designing a P2P system, this thesis focuses on two things: analyzing reliability and performance of different tracker designs and studying a large-scale P2P file sharing system, Xun- lei. The "tracker" of a P2P system is used to lookup which peers hold (or partially hold) a given object. There are various designs for the tracker function, from a single-server tracker, to DHT- based (distributed hash table) serverless systems. In the first part of this thesis, we classify the different tracker designs, dis- cuss the different considerations for these designs, and provide simple models to evaluate the reliability of these designs. Xunlei is a new proprietary P2P file sharing protocol that has become very popular in China. -
Predicting Software Piracy Rates, Bittorrent Tracker Hosting, and P2P File Sharing Client Downloads Between Countries
Kigerl - Infringing Nations: Predicting Software Piracy Rates, BitTorrent Tracker Hosting, and P2P File Sharing Client Downloads Between Countries Copyright © 2013 International Journal of Cyber Criminology (IJCC) ISSN: 0974 – 2891 January – June 2013, Vol 7 (1): 62–80 This is an Open Access paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non- Commercial-Share Alike License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This license does not permit commercial exploitation or the creation of derivative works without specific permission. Infringing Nations: Predicting Software Piracy Rates, BitTorrent Tracker Hosting, and P2P File Sharing Client Downloads Between Countries Alex C. Kigerl1 Washington State University, United States of America Abstract This study sought to investigate the predictors of digital piracy at the national level. The bulk of previous research on this subject has relied almost exclusively on measures of piracy taken from reports created by copyright industry representatives, which may not be objective sources. For this research, two new measures of piracy related activity in addition to the usual software piracy rate and software piracy cost measures were used. The number of BitTorrent tracking servers and the number of peer- to-peer file sharing client downloads per country were measured. It was determined that these new measures tended to have predictors that were different than the standard software piracy rates. Additionally, it appeared that measuring piracy as a rate relative to legal purchases had the opposite effect than when measuring piracy in absolute terms (such as the absolute number of BitTorrent trackers and absolute dollar amount lost due to piracy). -
Torrent Crawler: a Tool for Collecting Information from Bittorrent Networks
Torrent Crawler: a tool for collecting information from BitTorrent networks Yeounoh Chung 1. Abstract structure and the unpredictability of the clients can cause problems in the network, making errors BitTorrent is a free peer-to-peer (P2P) difficult to detect and diagnosis. The reliance of a content-sharing application with a complex and node on node local views to maintain the overlay dynamic overlay structure due to loose coupling, high structure further compounds the problem. Defects or churn rate, and varying responsiveness of nodes. The anomalies such as partitioning in the overlay or load complexity and the dynamic nature of the overlay imbalance due to biased peer selection are structure can mask the problems in the network, undetectable without partial global information and a making errors difficult to detect and diagnosis in a good understanding of the various characteristics and timely manner. Furthermore, the heavy reliance of dynamic behaviors of the network. However, such an clients on the node local views compounds the understanding was often times missing or incorrectly problems such as partitioning in the network or load obtained from non-representative measurement imbalance due to biased peer selection. studies, in which a few instrumented clients were In an effort to provide the network with used to capture the desired properties. partial global information to resolve the network Collecting representative global information problems, this project looks into introducing a tool such as peer’s download rate, known neighboring that efficiently collects global information from peers, and the network’s churn rate, from the BitTorrent network. The tool, called Torrent Crawler complex and dynamic BitTorrent network is not (TC) uses a number of techniques to efficiently find simple. -
Niv Sardi-Altivanik Floss Arquitect
NIV SARDI-ALTIVANIK FLOSS ARQUITECT LINKEDIN TWITTER GITHUB https://www.linkedin.com @xaiki https://github.com/xaiki /in/xaiki/ EMAIL TELEFONO [email protected] +54 911 5596 6800 Formed as a Mathematician I’ve been working as a Free Software Developer for the last 15 years, following a path that brought me deep technical knowledge, precise leading skills and a proven experience in the world of politics. Passionate and details-conscious, I am excited to foster the very best of technology and human capacity into tools we need to steer the world into a more liveable place. EDUCATION SKILLS UNIVERSITÉ DENIS DIDEROT PARIS VII PARIS HUMAN LANGUAGES 2004_2007 owning the diplomatariat Spanish ★★★ Maths and Computer Science Masters 2007 lengua materna Université Denis Diderot: Maitrise de Mathematiques et d’Informatique Project : MiniOCaML interpreter (CaML) ★★★ Research: Big Social Networks Topology — using Graph Theory to French lengua paterna analyze online comunities (Perl & C) 2005 Maths and Computer Science Bachelor English ★★★ Université Denis Diderot: Licence de Mathematiques et d’informatique 2 años de vida en Australia Project: Su�x Arrays, Algorithms, Analysis and Implementation (C) Portuguese ★★☆ lived and worked 9 months in Brazil LATEST WORK EXPERIENCE PRESIDENCIA DE LA NACION: TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECT MANAGEMENT 2019 BUENOSAIRES I took part of the intervention of a sector of the Presidencial o�ce. My role was to ensure a smooth operation of the IT infrastructure SCRUM/Agile ★★★ during the intervention, and to sta� and direct 3 National Directors roles. The intervention went on with 99% availability, we’ve set up plans that are currently beeing executed to reduce cost and enhance reliability of all Arquitecture ★★★ services and software platforms. -
A Week in the Life of the Most Popular Bittorrent Swarms
A Week in the Life of the Most Popular BitTorrent Swarms Mark Scanlon, Alan Hannaway and Mohand-Tahar Kechadi 1 UCD Centre for Cybercrime Investigation, School of Computer Science & Informatics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland {mark.scanlon, alan.hannaway, tahar.kechadi}@ucd.ie AbstractThe popularity of peer-to-peer (P2P) file distribution is c material, which typically commences with a single source sharing large sized files to many downloaders. networks lend themselves well to the unauthorised distribution of To commence the download of the content in a particular copyrighted material due to their ease of use, the abundance of - material available and the apparent anonymity awarded to the downloaders. This paper presents the results of an investigation loaded from an indexing website. This file is then opened conducted on the top 100 most popular BitTorrent swarms over using a BitTorrent client, which proceeds to connect to several the course of one week. The purpose of this investigation is to members of the swarm and download the content. Each quantify the scale of unauthorised distribution of copyrighted BitTorrent swarm is built around a particular piece of content material through the use of the BitTorrent protocol. Each IP which is determined through a unique identifier based on a address, which was discovered over the period of the weeklong SHA-1 hash of the file information contained in this UTF- 8 investigation, is mapped through the use of a geolocation encoded metadata file, e.g., name, piece length, piece hash database, which results in the ability to determine where the values, length and path. -
Bulgaria International Intellectual Property Alliance (Iipa) 2014 Special 301 Report on Copyright Protection and Enforcement
BULGARIA INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ALLIANCE (IIPA) 2014 SPECIAL 301 REPORT ON COPYRIGHT PROTECTION AND ENFORCEMENT Special 301 Recommendation: IIPA recommends that Bulgaria remain on the Watch List in 2014.1 Executive Summary: The year 2013 for Bulgaria was marked with disruptive political upheaval and prolonged reorganization that prevented any meaningful signs of improvement in Bulgaria’s intellectual property (IP) regime. Enforcement difficulties that IIPA’s members faced in 2012 persisted and, in some cases, worsened. Cases brought against the notorious torrent trackers arenabg.com and zamunda.net still have not been fully resolved, and in the meantime the number and reach of Bulgaria’s hosted pirate sites, infringing peer-to-peer (P2P) services and networks, and even services hosting open and notorious pirate sites and uploaders continues to expand. Bulgaria’s Cyber Crime Unit at the General Directorate was once an important ally for the initiation of investigations into Bulgaria’s copyright criminals, but the Unit has been inactive since it was transferred to a new independent agency and pending cases under its review were transferred to regional police forces. An important casualty of this reorganization was the work begun in late 2012 by the Cyber Crime Unit against uploaders at the popular video streaming service VBox7.com , which provides hosting services to hundreds of thousands of sound and video recordings without authorization. The case now appears stalled. The Cyber Crime Unit was also an important ally in cases against enterprise end-user software piracy, an effort that is now severely hindered for rights holders, mainly due to the structural changes that were ongoing in 2013. -
Covert Channel in the Bittorrent Tracker Protocol Joseph Desimone Rochester Institute of Technology
Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Presentations and other scholarship Faculty & Staff choS larship 7-2012 Covert Channel in the BitTorrent Tracker Protocol Joseph Desimone Rochester Institute of Technology Daryl Johnson Rochester Institute of Technology Bo Yuan Rochester Institute of Technology Peter Lutz Rochester Institute of Technology Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/other Recommended Citation Desimone J., Johnson D., Yuan B., and Lutz P. Covert Channel in the BitTorrent Tracker Protocol. In SAM'12 - The 2012 nI ternational Conference on Security and Management (Las Vegas, NV, USA, July 2012). This Conference Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty & Staff choS larship at RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Presentations and other scholarship by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Covert Channel in the BitTorrent Tracker Protocol Joseph Desimone, Daryl Johnson, Bo Yuan, Peter Lutz B. Thomas Golisano College of Computing & Information Sciences Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester NY {jwd1063, daryl.johnson, bo.yuan, peter.lutz}@rit.edu Abstract— Covert channels have the unique quality of masking single point of failure for the botnet and they are more easily evidence that a communication has ever occurred between two dismantled. As a result, malware writers have tried to devise parties. For spies and terrorist cells, this quality can be the better ways to control their army of compromised machines. difference between life and death. However, even the detection Command and control over HTTP or HTTPS is common of communications in a botnet could be troublesome for its nowadays due to the prevalence of these protocols on the creators. -
Quantifying the Heterogeneous Effects of Piracy on the Demand for Movies
Quantifying the Heterogeneous Effects of Piracy on the Demand for Movies Zhuang Liu∗ University of Western Ontario February 10, 2019 Latest Version: http://publish.uwo.ca/~zliu328/jobmarketpaper.pdf Abstract The debate on digital piracy has attracted significant public attention. An accurate estimate of the loss due to piracy relies crucially on correctly identi- fying the substitution between pirated and paid consumption. Using a novel dataset of weekly piracy downloads collected from the BitTorrent network, I estimate a random-coefficient logit demand model of movies to quantify the effect of movie piracy on movie revenue from two distribution channels: box office and DVD sales. Counterfactual results reveal that digital piracy has het- erogeneous effects on different channels of sales. When all piracy is removed, US box office revenue will only increase by 2.71% ($ 231 million) while US DVD sales will increase by 36% ($ 527 million) over 40 weeks in 2015. In addition, the effects on sales differ substantially by quality of pirated videos. I find strong evidence that one movie's piracy have negative indirect effects on other movie's revenue. Decomposition exercises show that the magnitude of piracy's indirect effects is much larger than the direct effects on its own rev- enue. Lastly, I allow piracy to have potentially positive effects on sales through word of mouth (WOM). The positive WOM effects from all pirated consump- tion have relatively moderate contributions to the industry revenue amounted to $ 68.7 million over 40 weeks in 2015. ∗This paper was previously titled \A Structural Model of Movie Piracy with Word-of-mouth", \Estimating the Effects of fil-sharing on Movie Box office". -
Downloaded 2021-10-03T02:24:37Z
Provided by the author(s) and University College Dublin Library in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title A Week in the Life of the Most Popular BitTorrent Swarms Authors(s) Scanlon, Mark; Hannaway, Alan; Kechadi, Tahar Publication date 2010-06-17 Publication information Goel, S. Proceedings of the 5th Annual Symposium on Information Assurance Academic track of the 13th Annual 2009 NYS Cyber Security Conference, 2010 Conference details The 5th Annual Symposium on Information Assurance (ASIA '10): Academic Track of 13th Annual NYS Cyber Security Conference, Albany, New York, USA, 16 - 17 June 2010 Link to online version http://www.albany.edu/iasymposium/proceedings.2010.shtml Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7379 Downloaded 2021-10-03T02:24:37Z The UCD community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters! (@ucd_oa) © Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. A Week in the Life of the Most Popular BitTorrent Swarms Mark Scanlon, Alan Hannaway and Mohand-Tahar Kechadi 1 UCD Centre for Cybercrime Investigation, School of Computer Science & Informatics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland {mark.scanlon, alan.hannaway, tahar.kechadi}@ucd.ie AbstractThe popularity of peer-to-peer (P2P) file distribution is c material, which typically commences with a single source sharing large sized files to many downloaders. networks lend themselves well to the unauthorised distribution of To commence the download of the content in a particular copyrighted material due to their ease of use, the abundance of - material available and the apparent anonymity awarded to the downloaders.