DOCSLIB.ORG

Tourism and Regional Integration in Southeast Asia’ from July 2012 to January 2013

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tourism and Regional Integration in Southeast Asia’ from July 2012 to January 2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I owe a deep debt of gratitude to the Institute of Developing Economies (IDE- JETRO) for the opportunity to conduct a research project on the ‘tourism and regional integration in Southeast Asia’ from July 2012 to January 2013. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the staff and researchers of the institute for their warm hospitality. My knowledge and research experience have been enriched thanks to the large pool of diverse experts working on various issues in different regions and countries. I am especially indebted to my research counterpart, Ms. Maki Aoki, and research advisor, Ms. Etsuyo Arai, for their constructive comments and encouragement throughout the research writing process. I would like to thank Ms. Naomi Hatsukano and Mr. Makishima Minoru for introducing me to this program and their continued support during my stay at IDE. In addition, I am grateful to IDE research fellows, especially Mr. Nobuhiro Aizawa, Mr. Takahiro Fukunishi, Mr. Kenmei Tsubota, Mr. Kiyoyasu Tanaka, Mr. Yasushi Ueki and Mr. Kazu Hayakawa for their time and friendship. I would like to thank all the staff members working at the International Exchange Division, Research Coordination Office, and Library for always being approachable and responsive and for their excellent work in making the life of visiting fellows here comfortable and enjoyable. In particular, I am indebted to Mr. Takao Tsuneishi, Ms. Chisato Ishii, Mr. Tatsufumi Yamagata, Mr. Koshi Yamada and Mr. Taiki Koga for their support and friendship. Many thanks also go to all the visiting fellows (Ms. Gao, Prof. Scarlett, Prof. Somchai, Prof. Ramaswamy and Prof. Khan) for spending time together sharing stories and experiences. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………………………………………………i LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES………………………………………………………….................................iv SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. v INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1 REGIONALISM AND TOURISM IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Regionalism in Southeast Asia ............................................................................................................. 4 1.1.1. Definition of regionalism ............................................................................................................... 4 1.1.2. Driving forces of regionalism ...................................................................................................... 6 1.1.3. The objectives of regionalism ...................................................................................................... 6 1.1.4. Regionalism in Southeast Asia .................................................................................................... 7 1.2. Tourism in Southeast Asia ................................................................................................................... 12 1.2.1. Definition of tourism ..................................................................................................................... 12 1.2.2. Driving forces of tourism ............................................................................................................ 13 1.2.3. Roles of tourism ............................................................................................................................. 1 3 1.2.4. History of tourism in Southeast Asia ....................................................................................... 14 1.2.5.The impacts of tourism in Southeast Asia ............................................................................... 16 1.2.6. The state and tourism development .......................................................................................... 20 1.2.7. Multi-stakeholder partnership .................................................................................................... 21 1.3.Tourism and Regionalism ...................................................................................................................... 21 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................... 22 CHAPTER 2 TOURISM DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 23 2.1. ASEAN: Emerging Global Tourism Destination ........................................................................ 23 2.2. Tourism Development Policies .......................................................................................................... 29 2.2.1. Brunei ................................................................................................................................................ 29 2.2.2. Cambodia .......................................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.3. Indonesia ........................................................................................................................................... 32 2.2.4. Lao PDR............................................................................................................................................ 32 2.2.5. Malaysia ............................................................................................................................................ 34 2.2.6. Myanmar ........................................................................................................................................... 35 2.2.7. The Philippines ............................................................................................................................... 36 2.2.8. Singapore .......................................................................................................................................... 38 2.2.9. Thailand ............................................................................................................................................ 39 2.2.10. Vietnam ........................................................................................................................................... 41 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................... 43 CHAPTER 3 REGIONAL COOPERATION AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 44 3.1. Regional Tourism Cooperation .......................................................................................................... 44 3.2. ASEAN Cooperation Framework ...................................................................................................... 46 3.3. Sub‐Regional Cooperation Framework ........................................................................................ 49 3.3.1. BIMP-East ASEAN Growth Area (EAGA) Cooperation ................................................. 50 ii 3.3.2. The Singapore-Johor-Riau (SIJORI) Triangle ...................................................................... 50 3.3.3. The Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle (IMT-GT) ..................................... 51 3.3.4. Cambodia-Lao PDR-Vietnam (CLV) Growth Triangle .................................................... 52 3.3.5. Cambodia-Lao PDR-Thailand (CLT) Triangle .................................................................... 52 3.3.6. The Growth Quadrangle (China, Lao PDR, Thailand and Myanmar) .......................... 53 3.3.7. Ayeyawady-Chao Phraya-Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy (ACMECS) ... 53 3.3.8. CLMV Tourism Cooperation ..................................................................................................... 53 3.3.9. Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) ........................................................................................ 54 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................... 58 CHAPTER 4 REGIONALISM‐TOURISM LINKAGES Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 4.1. Regionalism Promotes Tourism ......................................................................................................... 60 4.1.1. Political will and commitment ................................................................................................... 60 4.1.2. Institutional and regulatory development ............................................................................... 63 4.1.3. Sub-regional cooperation framework ...................................................................................... 65 4.1.4. Public-private partnerships ......................................................................................................... 65 4.1.5.Tourism's collective attractiveness ...........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Birma Na Zakręcie. Zmiany W Kraju Tysiąca Pagód 2007–2014
    BIRMA NA ZAKRĘCIE MIĘDZY DYKTATURĄ A DEMOKRACJĄ BIRMA NA ZAKRĘCIE. ZMIANY W KRAJU TYSIĄCA PAGÓD 2007–2014 „Złoty Budda Mahamuni siedzi w głębi głównej nawy. Na wysokości jego pępka widać rusztowanie, a na nim trzech uwijających się mężczyzn, którzy nieustannymi ruchami PRZEMYSŁAW GASZTOLD-SEŃ rąk jak gdyby poprawiają coś w posągu. [...] Zachęceni przez przewodnika, wdrapujemy pracownik Biura Edukacji Publicznej IPN, się na rusztowanie, ale jedna z belek przywiera tak ściśle do posągu, że aby przejść do doktorant na Wydziale Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu przodu i stanąć oko w oko z Buddą, trzeba na zakręcie oprzeć się rękami o jego ramię. Warszawskiego. Autor książki Konces- Czuję obiema dłońmi gorącą lepkość jakiejś mazi i prześlizgnąwszy się szybko na przedni jonowany nacjonalizm. Zjednoczenie pomost rusztowania, odrywam z instynktownym uczuciem wstrętu ręce od posągu: są Patriotyczne „Grunwald” 1980–1990 ubabrane złotem” – zanotował w maju 1952 r. Gustaw Herling-Grudziński w dzienniku (2012, Nagroda Historyczna „Polityki” z podróży do Birmy1. Od czasu jego wizyty w Mandalaj minęło ponad sześćdziesiąt lat2. za debiut, nominacja do Nagrody Przez ten długi czas posąg Buddy znacznie się rozrósł dzięki płatkom złota przylepianym im. Kazimierza Moczarskiego), współautor tomu Syria During the Cold War. The East codziennie przez setki pielgrzymów. Przywiązania do religii nie podminowały ani rządy European Connection (razem z Janem parlamentarne, ani pół wieku krwawej wojskowej dyktatury. Buddyzm wciąż stanowi Adamcem i Massimilianem Trentinem, najważniejszą wartość i punkt odniesienia dla większości Birmańczyków. 2014). We wrześniu 2007 r. i w listopadzie Jaka jest Birma dzisiaj? Czy po wielu latach autorytarnych rządów generałów wejdzie 2013 r. podróżował po Birmie. na drogę ku demokracji? Czy wydarzenia z ostatnich lat są autentycznym krokiem w stronę reformy systemu? Nie na wszystkie pytania znajdzie się jednoznaczną odpowiedź, ale warto pochylić się nad tym najmniej znanym krajem Azji Południowo-Wschodniej.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Development in Thandaung Gyi a Grounded Theory Study On
    Tourism Development in Thandaung Gyi A Grounded Theory Study on Tourism Development Thomas L. Maatjens Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, Radboud University Master Thesis Prof. Dr. Huib Ernste Feb. 28, 2020 i Preface The writing process of this thesis has been long and at times very hard for me. However, I am incredibly proud of the result, with which I am about to complete my Cultural Geography and Tourism master’s degree and thus conclude my studies at Radboud University Nijmegen. My time at Radboud University has been incredibly rewarding and I am looking forward to what the future might hold. The research and writing process of this thesis would not have been possible without the help of several people. First, I would like to thank my thesis supervisor Prof. Dr. Huib Ernste for his time and support. My time in the Republic of Myanmar would not have been as fulfilling as it was without the help of my internship supervisor Marlo Perry and the team of the Myanmar Responsible Tourism Institute in Yangon. I would like to thank them and the people of Thandaung Gyi for their hospitality and support. I would also like to thank Jan and Marlon for their support and last, but not least, I would like to thank my girlfriend Hannah for her love and dedication to me. Thomas L. Maatjens Nijmegen, February 28, 2020 ii Executive Summary This thesis seeks to understand the process of tourism development in Thandaung Gyi, within the context of the region’s economic development and ongoing peace process.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Country Profile
    CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Country Profile Region: East Asia & Pacific (Known as Southeast Asia) Country: The Republic of Union of Myanmar Capital: Naypyidaw Largest City: Yangon (7,355,075 in 2014) Currency: Myanmar Kyat Population: 7 million (2017) GNI Per Capital: (U$$) 1,293 (2017) GDP: $94.87 billion (2017) GDP Growth: 9.0% (2017) Inflation: 10.8% 2017 (The World Bank, 2016) Language: Myanmar, several dialects and English Religion: Over 80 percent of Myanmar Theravada Buddhism. There are Christians, Muslims, Hindus, and some animists. Business Hours: Banks: 09:30 – 15:00 Mon –Fri Office: 09:30-16:00 Mon-Fri Airport Tax: 10 US Dollars for departure at international gates Customs: Foreign currencies (above USD 10000), jewelry, cameras And electronic goods must be declared to the customs at The airport. Exports of antiques and archaeologically Valuable items are prohibited. 2.2 Myanmar Tourism Overview Myanmar has been recorded as one of Asia’s most prosperous economies in the region before World War II and expected to gain rapid industrialization. The country belongs rich natural resources and one of most educated nations in Southeast Asia. However, Myanmar economic was getting worst after military coup in 1962, which transform to be one of the poorest nations in the region. “Then military government centrally planned and inward looking strategies such as nationalization of all major industries and import-substitution polices had long been pursued (Ni Lar, 2012)”. These strategies were laydown under General Nay Win leadership theory so called “Burmese Way to Socialism”. Since then, the country economic getting into problems such as ‘inactive in industrial production, high inflection, resign living cost, and macroeconomic mismanagement’.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Hotel & Tourism Review 2012
    MMRD BUSINESS INSIGHT MYANMAR HOTEL & TOURISM REVIEW 2012 ● ● ● T J Tan [Pick the date] Page | 2 Contents Country Facts ● ● ● .......................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ● ● ● ................................................................................................................ 6 Overview ● ● ● ................................................................................................................................ 7 Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................... 7 There has been much progress in infrastructure development particularly in the past 2 years. This would include: ....................................................................................................................... 7 Banking, Payment & Foreign Exchange ........................................................................................ 8 Investments .................................................................................................................................. 8 Tax .............................................................................................................................................. 11 Communications ......................................................................................................................... 11 Tourism Sector ● ● ● ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Zbwleibniz-Informationszentrum
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Roldan, Ma. Divina Gracia Z. Working Paper Globalization and Glocalization: Experiences in the Local Philippine Context PIDS Discussion Paper Series, No. 2010-21 Provided in Cooperation with: Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS), Philippines Suggested Citation: Roldan, Ma. Divina Gracia Z. (2010) : Globalization and Glocalization: Experiences in the Local Philippine Context, PIDS Discussion Paper Series, No. 2010-21, Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS), Makati City This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/126829 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu Philippine Institute for Development Studies Surian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas Globalization and Glocalization: Experiences in the Local Philippine Context Ma.
    [Show full text]
  • Globalization and Glocalization: Experiences in the Local Philippine Context Ma
    Philippine Institute for Development Studies Surian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas Globalization and Glocalization: Experiences in the Local Philippine Context Ma. Divina Gracia Z. Roldan DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES NO. 2010-21 The PIDS Discussion Paper Series constitutes studies that are preliminary and subject to further revisions. They are be- ing circulated in a limited number of cop- ies only for purposes of soliciting com- ments and suggestions for further refine- ments. The studies under the Series are unedited and unreviewed. The views and opinions expressed are those of the author(s) and do not neces- sarily reflect those of the Institute. Not for quotation without permission from the author(s) and the Institute. October 2010 For comments, suggestions or further inquiries please contact: The Research Information Staff, Philippine Institute for Development Studies 5th Floor, NEDA sa Makati Building, 106 Amorsolo Street, Legaspi Village, Makati City, Philippines Tel Nos: (63-2) 8942584 and 8935705; Fax No: (63-2) 8939589; E-mail: [email protected] Or visit our website at http://www.pids.gov.ph GLOBALIZATION AND GLOCALIZATION: EXPERIENCES IN THE LOCAL PHILIPPINE CONTEXT1 Ma. Divina Gracia Z. Roldan* 1 This paper is part of the “Globalization, Governance and the Philippine State”, a collaborative research project undertaken in 2004 and completed in 2005 under the Philippine APEC Study Center Network (PASCN). *Formerly a faculty member of the University of the Philippines- Cebu and University of the Asia and the Pacific (UAP). She is currently a faculty member of the Political Science Department of De La Salle University (2010). 1 Abstract The study examines local responses to globalization, with Cebu as a case in point.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of GOTHENBURG School of Global Studies
    UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG School of Global Studies A host society’s perception of changes in its young peoples’ cultural identity due to tourism: A case study in Bagan, Myanmar Master thesis in Global Studies Spring Semester 2014 Higher Education Credits: 30 HEC Author: Anna-Katharina Rich Supervisor: Anja Karlsson Franck Word Count: 19 528 Acknowledgements............................................................................................................ 4 Abstract ............................................................................................................................. 5 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 6 2. Aim and research questions............................................................................................ 7 3. Relevance to global studies ............................................................................................ 8 4. Delimitation ................................................................................................................... 9 5. Theoretical approach.................................................................................................... 10 5.1. Cultural identity ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 5.1.1. (Cultural) identity in post-conflict societies.............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Toungoo Dynasty: the Second Burmese Empire (1486 –1752)
    BURMA in Perspective TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: GEOGRAPHY......................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 Geographic Divisions .............................................................................................................. 1 Western Mountains ........................................................................................................... 2 Northern Mountains .......................................................................................................... 2 Shan Plateau ..................................................................................................................... 3 Central Basin and Lowlands ............................................................................................. 3 Coastal Strip ..................................................................................................................... 4 Climate ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Bodies of Water ....................................................................................................................... 5 Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwady) River ........................................................................................ 6 Sittang River ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • MYANMAR Disaster Management Reference Handbook
    MYANMAR Disaster Management Reference Handbook March 2020 Acknowledgements CFE-DM would like to thank the following people for providing support and valuable inputs to this document: Dr. Sithu Pe Thein Christine Rivera Torres Alan Aoki Ranya Ghadban Cover and section photo credits Cover Photo: Bagan Myanmar by Yoshitaka Ando. 2 May 2017. CC https://flickr.com/photos/jenlung-box/34587536486 Country Overview Section Photo: Young Monk in the Window. Photo courtesy of Christine Rivera Torres. 8 February 2020 Disaster Overview Section Photo: Fighting Floods in Myanmar by EU/ECHO/Pierre Prakash. Civil Protections Humanitarian Aid. 8 September 2015. https://flickr.com/photos/eu_echo/30145370151 Organizational Structure for Disaster Management Section Photo: Yangon by Rayesh-India. 4 October 2014. CC https://flickr.com/photos/pamnani/15437975075 Infrastructure Section Photo: Inle Lake, Myanmar Fisherman Rowing with Food so Hands are Free to Fish. Photo courtesy of Christine Rivera Torres. 8 February 2020 Health Section Photo: Fighting Floods in Myanmar by EU/ECHO/Pierre Prakash. Civil Protections Humanitarian Aid. 8 September 2015. https://flickr.com/photos/eu_echo/30196045456 Women, Peace, and Security Section Photo: Burmese Woman Wearing Thanaka. Photo courtesy of Christine Rivera Torres. 8 February 2020 Conclusion Section Photo: Sulamani Phaya Temple With Local Nuns. Photo courtesy of Christine Rivera Torres. 8 February 2020 Appendices Section Photo: Mandalay Kuthodaw Pagoda – World’s Largest Book. Photo courtesy of Christine Rivera Torres.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Study of Yangon, Inle Lake, and Bagan
    RSU International Research Conference 2018 4 May 2018 Tourism Sustainability in Myanmar: Case Study of Yangon, Inle Lake, and Bagan Oak Kar Paing Soe1* and Pandate Romsaitong2 1Faculty of International Business, Rangsit University, Thailand 2International Accounting Program, Faculty of Accountancy Rangsit University, Thailand *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract This study is only focusing to understand the Myanmar tourism sustainable business. Myanmar is currently experiencing the rapid growth of tourism and its economy for the past few years, and this study intends to mainly understand the sustainability of tourism for future business so that people can be aware. Myanmar has a very unique natural heritage and generous local hospitality and spiritual values and people have interest in the country to visit. While country is developing the economy it can be fragile when the environment and political issues occur and to reduce the impact by sustaining the environment and the community system. Yangon the former capital city of Myanmar, is one of the famous tourist attractions which has Inle Lake, and the ancient city of Bagan are the focus of this study in Myanmar tourism in order to understand the sustainability of the tourism market. The purpose of this paper is mainly to understand the tourism sustainability of Myanmar. By studying the sustainability of these 3 major tourist attractions, it is the hope to understand and have a clear knowledge of tourism in Myanmar. At the same time understanding the eco-tourism of Myanmar’s ecosystem and also the awareness of tourism sustainability. Keywords: sustainable tourism, Myanmar, environmental, eco-tourism, tourist attractions 1.
    [Show full text]
  • TRAVELING to TROUBLED COUNTRIES: ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES on TOURISM in MYANMAR Simon Hudson Phd Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Travel and Tourism Research Association: 2007 ttra International Conference Advancing Tourism Research Globally TRAVELING TO TROUBLED COUNTRIES: ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON TOURISM IN MYANMAR Simon Hudson PhD Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary Graham Miller PhD School of Management, University of Surrey Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra Hudson, Simon PhD and Miller, Graham PhD, "TRAVELING TO TROUBLED COUNTRIES: ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON TOURISM IN MYANMAR" (2016). Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally. 50. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2007/Presented_Papers/50 This is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Traveling to Troubled Countries: Ethical Perspectives on Tourism in Myanmar Simon Hudson, PhD. Haskayne School of Business University of Calgary, Canada Graham Miller, PhD. School of Management University of Surrey, UK. ABSTRACT For many years, the actions of Myanmar’s military government have provoked domestic discontent and strong condemnation overseas. The government is encouraging tourism in an attempt to legitimize its actions whilst generating valuable foreign currency. However, a number of organizations are urging people to avoid travel to Myanmar and thus prevent the military junta from obtaining the hard currency and global legitimacy it needs to survive. In this article, the ethical arguments for and against tourism in Myanmar are discussed, and for the first time the ethical perceptions of tourists themselves are explored.
    [Show full text]
  • ICBMS Book of Abstracts
    BOOK OF ABSTRACTS International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges 24–26 July 2015 Chiang Mai University INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BURMA/MYANMAR STUDIES BURMA/MYANMAR IN TRANSITION: CONNECTIVITY, CHANGES AND CHALLENGES 2 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BURMA/MYANMAR STUDIES BURMA/MYANMAR IN TRANSITION: CONNECTIVITY, CHANGES AND CHALLENGES PREFACE The International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies, held during July 24–26, 2015, is an initiative of Chiang Mai University and the University of Mandalay to bring together scholars from Myanmar, Thailand, and beyond to learn from and exchange knowledge with each other about Burma/ Myanmar’s history, economy, culture, agricultural and environmental transformation, language, literature, and much more. The aim of this international conference is to work towards a better understanding of Myanmar’s transition toward peace and democratization, economic reforms, and ethnic politics, and its increased connection with a global society, as well as how Myanmar maintains its diverse cultures and traditions. It is hoped that the conference will stimulate further research and exchanges on issues related to Burma/Myanmar studies. This Book of Abstracts well demonstrates the diverse interests of scholars and students of Burma/Myanmar’s society and their concerns about the transformation, as well as its social and environmental consequences. The corresponding papers have been uploaded onto the RCSD website. Those who are interested in the full text of these papers are invited to visit our website at http://rcsd.soc.cmu.ac.th/web/Burma/home.php. Many people and organizations have put tremendous effort towards making this conference possible.
    [Show full text]