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Additions to the Italian Annotated Bibliography on Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus, Linnaeus, 1758) and Comprehensive Overview

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Additions to the Italian Annotated Bibliography on Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus, Linnaeus, 1758) and Comprehensive Overview SCRS/2020/057 Collect. Vol. Sci. Pap. ICCAT, 77(2): 226-274 (2020) ADDITIONS TO THE ITALIAN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON BLUEFIN TUNA (THUNNUS THYNNUS, LINNAEUS, 1758) AND COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW Antonio Di Natale1 SUMMARY After the very first attempt to list together the many papers published so far on bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) by Italian scientists, concerning the biology of this species, the fisheries and many other scientific and cultural issues, it was necessary to prepare an addition to the annotated bibliography published in 2019. Therefore, the present paper provides 351 additional papers, all annotated with specific key words, which brings the available papers on this species up to 2100, all duly annotated. This paper also provides an overview of the papers published over the centuries and decades, the main authors and the score of the main topics and themes included in the papers. This updated bibliography was set together to serve the scientists and to help them in finding some rare references that might be useful for their work. RÉSUMÉ Après la première tentative d’établir une liste des nombreux articles publiés à ce jour sur le thon rouge (Thunnus thynnus) par des scientifiques italiens, concernant la biologie de cette espèce, la pêche et bien d'autres questions scientifiques et culturelles, un complément à la bibliographie annotée publiée en 2019 s’est avéré nécessaire. Par conséquent, le présent document fournit 351 articles supplémentaires, tous annotés avec des mots clés spécifiques, ce qui porte à 2100 le nombre d'articles disponibles sur cette espèce, tous dûment annotés. Ce document fournit également un aperçu des articles publiés au cours des siècles et des décennies, les principaux auteurs et la note des principaux sujets et thèmes inclus dans ceux-ci. Cette bibliographie mise à jour a été établie pour les scientifiques afin de les aider à trouver des références rares qui pourraient leur être utiles dans leurs travaux. RESUMEN Tras el primer intento de establecer una lista conjunta de numerosos trabajos publicados hasta la fecha sobre el atún rojo (Tunnus Thynnus) por científicos italianos, relativos a la biología de esta especie, las pesquerías y muchas otras cuestiones científicas y culturales, fue necesario preparar una adición a la bibliografía anotada publicada en 2019. Por lo tanto, el presente documento proporciona 351 documentos adicionales, todos ellos anotados con palabras clave específicas, lo que eleva a 2.100 los documentos disponibles sobre esta especie, todos ellos debidamente anotados. En el presente documento también se ofrece un panorama general de los documentos publicados a lo largo de los siglos y décadas, los principales autores y la puntuación de los principales temas y asuntos incluidos en los documentos. Esta bibliografía actualizada se reunió para servir a los científicos y ayudarles a hallar algunas raras referencias que podrían resultarles útiles para su trabajo. KEYWORDS Bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus, bibliography, biology, reproduction, feeding, migrations, contaminants, stocks, populations, history, traditions, fisheries, catches, fishing techniques, analytical techniques, technology, systematics, rules, laws, privileges, nomenclature, economy, archaeology, history, ethnography, anthropology. 1 Aquastudio Research Institute, Via Trapani 6, 98121 Messina, Italy. [email protected] 226 1. Introduction After the publication of the very first annotated bibliography of Italian authors on bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, Linnaeus, 1758) (Di Natale et al., 2019), it was necessary to further explore the archives for recovering additional papers which escaped form the previous review. As it was reported in the previous paper, the choice was driven by the fact that this species is possibly the most studied and observed in Italy since historical times, one of the most important for the Mediterranean fisheries, becoming also an iconic species in recent times and one of the most successfully recovered species under the ICCAT management. Many papers were written in Italian, a language which is not on the list of the three currently used in ICCAT (English, French and Spanish), and possibly some scientists may have problems in understanding the contents. Another reason for setting-up the annotated bibliography is because many papers are not available in electronic format and therefore some young colleagues, who are not used to study and mine in traditional libraries anymore, seem not able to detect the studies that have been carried out so far on the many aspects of this species, therefore sometimes duplicating efforts and not taking into account the previous scientific findings. However, as a matter of fact, most of the modern (the last 500 years) studies on bluefin tuna had Italian or Spanish authors, even if Italian authors are clearly the large majority. Therefore, it is again a sort of national proudness to provide an update of the list of papers on bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, Linnaeus 1758) that were published in 2019, annotating again them with keywords for improving the opportunities to detect them with an electronic searching engine. The importance of an annotated bibliography specifically on bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is clear, even if, in addition to the paper published in 2019 by Di Natale et al., there was already the monumental annotated bibliography provided by Corwin (1929), followed by the updating by Van Campen and Hoven (1956), a set of annotated bibliographies including also this species, which provided a treasure of references for this species. Not-annotated literature reviews on tuna were provided by Cavanna (1880), De Buen (1927), Heldt (1929, 1931), Morović (1950), Mather et al. (1995), Pillai and Mallia (2007) and, limited to the tuna trap fishery papers, by Di Natale (2012 and 2018). 2. Criteria The bibliography on bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) included in this work was selected when an Italian scientist was the only author of a paper or when one or more Italian scientists were among the authors of collective papers. This was the only criterium used for selecting the many papers, independently if they were peer-review papers, books, not-peer-review papers, papers presented in conferences or meetings or congresses, reports to public administrations or project reports. Of course, each paper included in the list shall be directly related to bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, Linnaeus, 1758), even if, in some cases, the bluefin tuna is concerned by just a part of the text. This work implied also to check all bibliographic references listed in each paper, in a sort of a never-ending duty, but this difficult approach allowed finding also rare local or even forgotten papers. For the very ancient papers, it was reported the first edition that it was possibly to find, independently from the date of the original work. When vernacular names or old scientific names were used in the original paper, sometimes they were possibly listed in the annotation. The annotations required each paper to be checked in detail and this implied an additional and huge workload. The annotations show the main subjects in the content and, it was done in the previous paper by Di Natale et al. (2019), the descriptors proposed by ASFIS (Fagetti, Privett and Sears, 2009) have been mostly used, adding additional descriptors when necessary. As concerns the main species included in each reference, both the international common name(s) and the Latin name(s) were used. 227 It was decided not to include any audio-visual documents in this annotated review, because they are related almost exclusively to the trap fishery and, therefore, they were already included in the review provided by Di Natale (2018). 3. Discussion As it was previously reported by Di Natale et al (2019), one of the major problem for this additional list was again the need to homogenise the style of all citations, which were reported under many different styles. Apparently, this fact can appear as a minor problem, but it required a very important amount of work and time. The large number of titles which are now available, including those reported in 2019, surely constitutes a very useful and unique reference list for all the colleagues working on bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, Linnaeus, 1758), and it includes also extremely rare papers or manuscripts on various subjects. The opportunities provided by the web are improving the number of available articles on this species and its fisheries. This annotated bibliography required again an incredible amount of work and a lot of attention, because several documents were published not only by marine scientists, but by historians, archaeologists, economists, sociologists, economists, literates or journalists, making the search very wide and difficult, certainly very multidisciplinary. Even limiting the bibliography to the works where an Italian scientist was among the authors, the number of citations that it was possible to discover so far is extremely important, being anyway conscious that the list is certainly incomplete and possibly it will never be complete. In many cases, when checking a document, it was possible to discover additional literature which was previously not available, transforming a part of this work as a continuous journey following an Ariadne’s thread. At the same time, during this heavy work, it was amazing to learn so many details about this species, which was exploited since historical ancient times. Going through the various titles (and the text behind)
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