Jewish Medical Ethics Avraham Steinberg, M.D
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Timeline of Jewish History and Heritage Approved by Israel's Ministry of Education
Timeline of Jewish History and Heritage Approved by Israel's Ministry of Education 1948: The State of Israel established Color-Map Legend 1939: The Holocaust 16.6M S. America, S. Africa & Australia World's Jewish population (distribution according to color-map) U.S. & Canada Jewish calendar events 1903: Kishinev pogrom Europe Events prior to 1273 B.C.E. are dated according to tradition Jewish Population Asia, Africa & Turkey Lifespan of historical figures (color represents main location) 1897: 1st Zionist Congress 13.5M Millions Language of text: Hebrew Aramaic Arabic Other 13.5 Land of Israel 1894: Dreyfus affair 0.4 13 1840: Damascus affair -3761: Genesis 1800: Emancipation and the emergence of the Jewish Enlightenment, Reform and Orthodox movements -515: 2nd Temple built 1799: Napoleon's proclamation to the Jews 5.6 10 -523: Purim – the Jews are saved from a planned massacre 1736: Establishment of the Hasidic & Misnagdim movements -538: Return to Zion following Cyrus's decree Jewish 800: Khazar converts to Judaism 1648: The Ukrainian massacre -586: Assassination of Gedalia and the Babylonian destructive response Events 691: Dome of the Rock built on the Temple's ruins 1573: Maharal establishes academy -586: Destruction of the 1st Temple by Babylon 135: Bar Kokhva rebellion -720: Exile of the 10 Tribes by Assyria 1492: Expulsion from Spain (Spanish Inquisition) suppressed 1.6 -924: The Division of the Kingdom; Israel & Judah 70: Destruction of the 1364: Poland grants rights to Jews -957: 1st Temple built 2nd Temple by Rome 1348: Jews -
The Mcanulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts of Duquesne University
The McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts of Duquesne University Health Care Ethics Syllabus for: 651-61, Jewish Health Care Ethics Instructor: Aaron L. Mackler, Ph.D. Office: Fisher Hall 606 Ext: 5985 Fall, 2011 e-mail: [email protected] Fisher Hall 704 6:00-8:40 on Tuesday, Aug 23, Sep 13, Oct 11, Nov 8, and Dec 6 Office Hours: TTh 1:30-2:45; 5:00-5:45 before class meetings; and by appointment 1. Objectives of the Course: A. Catalogue Description: An exploration of methodological and substantive issues in Jewish health care ethics, including decisions about life-sustaining treatment, abortion, reproductive technologies, and allocation of health care resources. Attention will be given to differing Jewish approaches and to comparisons with other perspectives, including philosophical and Roman Catholic views. B. Type of Mastery to be Expected: Upon completion of the course, students may expect to: 1) understand general Jewish approaches to health care ethics; 2) be familiar with Jewish positions on such topics as abortion, medical decisions at the end of life, advance directives, reproductive technologies, and allocation of health care resources; 3) develop the ability to interpret relevant primary sources and evaluate competing readings of these sources; 4) be familiar with different approaches in interpreting and applying Jewish texts and values in addressing contemporary issues such as health care ethics; 5) achieve a developing sense of the comparison of Jewish and other approaches to ethics, as well as the relevance for their own critical analysis of these perspectives. This course should contribute to students meeting general HCE program learning outcomes: a. -
TRANSGENDER JEWS and HALAKHAH1 Rabbi Leonard A
TRANSGENDER JEWS AND HALAKHAH1 Rabbi Leonard A. Sharzer MD This teshuvah was adopted by the CJLS on June 7, 2017, by a vote of 11 in favor, 8 abstaining. Members voting in favor: Rabbis Aaron Alexander, Pamela Barmash, Elliot Dorff, Susan Grossman, Reuven Hammer, Jan Kaufman, Gail Labovitz, Amy Levin, Daniel Nevins, Avram Reisner, and Iscah Waldman. Members abstaining: Rabbis Noah Bickart, Baruch Frydman- Kohl, Joshua Heller, David Hoffman, Jeremy Kalmanofsky, Jonathan Lubliner, Micah Peltz, and Paul Plotkin. שאלות 1. What are the appropriate rituals for conversion to Judaism of transgender individuals? 2. What are the appropriate rituals for solemnizing a marriage in which one or both parties are transgender? 3. How is the marriage of a transgender person (which was entered into before transition) to be dissolved (after transition). 4. Are there any requirements for continuing a marriage entered into before transition after one of the partners transitions? 5. Are hormonal therapy and gender confirming surgery permissible for people with gender dysphoria? 6. Are trans men permitted to become pregnant? 7. How must healthcare professionals interact with transgender people? 8. Who should prepare the body of a transgender person for burial? 9. Are preoperative2 trans men obligated for tohorat ha-mishpahah? 10. Are preoperative trans women obligated for brit milah? 11. At what point in the process of transition is the person recognized as the new gender? 12. Is a ritual necessary to effect the transition of a trans person? The Committee on Jewish Law and Standards of the Rabbinical Assembly provides guidance in matters of halkhhah for the Conservative movement. -
Well, Can There Be Jewish Ethics Or Not?
Thejoumalof jewish Thought and Philosophy, Vol. S,pp. 237-241 © 1996 Reprints available directly from the publisher Photocopying permitted by license only Well, Can There Be Jewish Ethics or Not? Menachem Kellner Univeriry oj Haifa I was asked to respond to a group of articles on the subject, "Can There Be a Jewish Ethics?" and gladly undertook to do so. I was sent five won- derful articles, not one of which actually addressed the proposed topic head on. Lenn Goodman rejects the question as "uncivil" and explains elegantly why that is so. Norbert Samuelson dismisses the question as "uninteresting" and goes on to other issues which interest him more. The question is unin- teresting, he maintains, because the answer is "of course, why not." "Of course," because there is obviously a vast amount of Jewish ethical thought and writing. To the "why not?" reply Samuelson proposes two "uninterest- ing" philosophic answers: Jewish ethics is not universal and thus not ethics or Jewish ethics is universal and thus not Jewish. In order to understand Samuelson's point, a number of distinctions must be drawn. Three senses of the term "ethics" must be distinguished: desciptive eth- ics, normative ethics, and meta-ethics. The first describes what has in fact been taught about ethics. It is trivially true that there can be Jewish ethics in the descriptive sense, as pointed out by Kenneth Seeskin, Samuelson, and David Novak in their essays. There is a huge body of literature both ex- pressing and analyzing historically Jewish approaches to ethical questions. Normative ethics, on the other hand, seeks not to describe but to pre- scribe, not to tell us what others have said about moral issues, but to tell us what to do when confronted with these issues. -
Milestones in Jewish Medical Ethics: Medical
Milestones in Jewish Medical Ethics Medical-Halachic Literature in Israel, 1948-1998 Mordechai Halperin, M.D. Main Chapters A. Definition of Concepts E. Third Decade 1. Introduction 1. The Dr. Falk Schlesinger Institute for 2. Medical Ethics Medical-Halachic Research 3. Jewish Medical Ethics 2. Assia 4. Medicine and Jewish Law 3. Moriah 5. Medicine and Halalcha 4. Mahanayim 6. Medicine & Judaism 5. Pathology and the Talmud 6. Lev Avraham B. Medical Halachic Literature: 7. Other Publications Ancient Times 1. From the Biblical Period through F. Fourth Decade the Eighteenth Century 1. Nishmat Avraham 2. From the Early Nineteenth Century 2. The Medical-Halachic Encyclopedia until the Establishment of the (Hebrew Edition) State of Israel 3. The Foundations of the Law Act - 3. Fifty Years of Statehood 1980 4. Judge Amnon Carmi and The Society C. First Decade for Medicine and Law in Israel 1. The Chief Rabbis: Rabbi Isaac 5. Technological Halachic Institutes Hertzog and Rabbi Ben-Tsiyyon 6. Additional Publications Meir Hai Uziel 7. The Jacobovits Center 2. Ha-Torah ve-Ha-Mdinah for Jewish Medical Ethics 3. Tsits Eli‘ezer 8. Special Lectures for Physicians 4. No‘am: Platform for Clarification of Halachic Problems G. Fifth Decade 5. Other Authorities 1. International Conferences in America and Israel D. Second Decade 2. Jewish Medical Ethics (JME) 1. First Bestseller: Shemirat Shabbat 3. Multimedia Halacha and Medicine ke-Hilchata 4. Precedents in Medicine and Law 2. Jewish Medical Ethics 5. Yael Shefer vs. The State of Israel 3. Tora She-be‘al Peh and Ha-Ma‘ayan 6. The Value of The State of Israel and The Patient Rights Act 7. -
A Code of Jewish Ethics. Volume 1: You Shall Be Holy
Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations Volume 2, Issue 2 (2007): R18-19 REVIEW Joseph Telushkin A Code of Jewish Ethics. Volume 1: You Shall be Holy (New York: Bell Tower, 2006), xiv + 560 pp. Reviewed by James F. Keenan, S.J., Boston College This is the first of a three volume work, the first code of its kind. This volume deals primarily with character development. The second volume, Love Your Neighbor will address the ethics pertinent to interpersonal relations: obligations to the weakest and most vulnerable; between employers and employees; between Jews and non-Jews; between those who disagree; etc. The final volume, not yet named, will deal with family, friendship and community. As a Christian ethicist who writes on virtue, I found this work very engaging and enlightening. Virtue ethics is basically a departure from most contemporary forms of ethics which establish prescriptions for recommended actions and prohibitions against wrong actions. As opposed to giving priority to the ethical assessment of actions, virtue ethics focuses first, though not exclusively, on persons and their character, and then, on the actions they should or should not perform. Virtue ethics is an attempt to return to the approach that most of the ancients (Jewish, Greek, Roman, etc.) articulated, that is, a character-based ethics that presumes, if you want to perform right actions, you should become a good person first. For this reason virtue ethics follows the adage that "actions follow from being." Moreover, to recommend some character traits or virtues over others, virtue ethicists often rely on narratives of virtuous exemplars. -
Halachic Aspects of Vaccination
Nature&Science By Edward Reichman Halachic Aspects of Vaccination Perhaps it is because we live in When potential relief from the horrors smallpox and beseeching the rabbis of twenty-first century America, a coun- of the disease came on the horizon, his generation to allow inoculation. try largely immune from true epi- there must have been unabashed ex- However, the treatment was con- demics, that we take vaccination for citement. The cure, or, more accu- sidered controversial at the time, as granted and some parents even con- rately, the mechanism of disease never in the history of mankind had sider not vaccinating their children. A prevention, however, was unique in the one taken a healthy individual and in- Jew living in the eighteenth century history of medicine: it required expos- jected him with the very cause of an would have longed for respite from the ing healthy individuals to disease, illness, even if the objective was to relentless onslaught of diseases, and hopefully a mild form, in order to pre- prevent a more severe disease. This could only have dreamed of having a vent the development of a more seri- unique treatment posed a dilemma for way to prevent them. The thought of ous disease. The procedure involved the Torah-observant Jew. The Torah refusing vaccinations would never the removal of fluid from the pox of an gives license to the physician to heal have entered his mind. Unfortunately, afflicted patient, and the subsequent the sick, but does it give him license to nowadays, as a result of misleading in- injection of that virulent fluid into the bestow illness upon the healthy, albeit formation, some parents are confused body of a healthy individual. -
Curriculum –Ethics and Jewish Values 7Th Grade
CURRICULUM –ETHICS AND JEWISH VALUES 7TH GRADE Many of the choices we make as Jewish people are rooted in Jewish tradition, notably the Torah (as explained in the Talmud). Goals and objectives: 7th Grade Ethics and Jewish Values will invite students to find the connection between the ethical values and their own life experiences. The focus in each session will fall on solving and applying their own values and ethics with Jewish learning, and then moving towards the truth of his or her own personal meaning (there are a number of answers with different student opinions). Students will work in groups to identify the different themes and to find “the right answer” to a complex series of ethical dilemmas. This is a continuation of the 5th and 6th Grades Ethics Curricula. Textbook: “You be the Judge” – Book 3. Unit 1: 2 sessions – 30 minutes each Key Concepts: Tikkun Olam – Fixing the brokenness in the world. You be the Judge: Book 3: Stories 46 and 48 Activities: • Group work to address different themes and trying to arrive at what they view is a “Right” answer to complex series of ethical dilemmas • Use of internet: http://synagoguestudies.org/jewish-ethics-challenge- where-do-you-stand Assessments: • Participation/thoughtful answers Unit 2: 1 to 2 sessions- 30 minutes each Key Concept: Shmirat ha-teva – Guarding the environment-protecting the environment in Israel and all over the world-making an impact on the environment. Also: You be the Judge Book 3: Story no 11. Unit 3: 1 to 2 sessions- 30 minutes each Key Concept: Shmirat Ha-guf – the mitzvah of guarding the body. -
2020 SBM Teshuvot “Dina D'malkhuta Dina: Obligations And
2020 SBM Teshuvot “Dina D’Malkhuta Dina: Obligations and Limits” Published by the Center for Modern Torah Leadership 1 Table of Contents Week One Summary: Dina Demalkhuta Dina: How Broad a Principle? 3 Week Two Summary: What Makes Taxation Halakhically Legitimate? 5 Week Three Summary: Does Halakhah Permit Taxation Without Representation? 8 Week Four Summary: Are Israeli Labor Laws Binding on Chareidi Schools? 11 Week Five Summary: Does Dina Demalkhuta Dina Apply in Democracies? 14 Week Six Summary: Introduction to the Sh’eilah 16 SBM 2020 Sh’eilah 17 State Authority and Religious Obligation – An Introduction 19 Teshuvah - Bracha Weinberger 23 Teshuvah - Talia Weisberg 26 Teshuvah - Avi Sommer 30 Teshuvah - Zack Orenshein 37 Teshuvah - Sara Schatz 41 Teshuvah - Batsheva Leah Weinstein 43 Teshuvah - Joshua Skootsky 48 Teshuvah - Eliana Yashgur 52 Teshuvah - Eli Putterman 55 Teshuvah - Akiva Weisinger 65 2 Week One Summary: Dina Demalkhuta Dina: How Broad a Principle? by Avi Sommer July 3, 2020 Mishnah Bava Kamma 113a places various restrictions on transactions with tax collectors on the ground that their coins are considered stolen. For example, one may not accept charity from tax collectors or ask them to change larger denominations. You may be wondering: why would someone having a private economic transaction with a tax collector receive coins collected as taxes in change? Likewise, how could tax collectors give tax money away as charity? Shouldn’t it all have been given to their government? The answer is that the governments with which Chaza”l interacted, such as the Roman Empire, would sell the right to collect taxes to private individuals. -
Were Obligatory Beliefs Revealed on Sinai? Dr
Were Obligatory Beliefs Revealed on Sinai? Dr. Shira Weiss Adjunct Instructor in Jewish Philosophy, Stern College for Women On Shavuot we commemorate the revelation of the Torah which clearly delineates practical obligations; however, neither the Torah nor the Talmud explicitly lists the obligatory beliefs that must be maintained in order to properly worship God.55 Even the Ten Commandments, the Torah reading on Shavuot, do not comprehensively articulate the tenets in which a Jew must believe. This caused Jews throughout the ages to question whether one's relationship with God was exclusively emotional and experiential, or intellectual as well. R. Norman Lamm, in Faith and Doubt, explicates a distinction made by Martin Buber56 between two types of faith- intellectual and emotional/experiential: The first, that of acknowledgment, is a cognitive type of faith, in which I intellectually accept certain propositions as true- such as the existence and unity of God- whether or not I can offer convincing logical proof for my conviction. This is a "belief that" type of faith. The second type, that of trust, is not "belief- that", but "belief in." Regardless of the thoughts I entertain about God, regardless of my theology and the dogmas I affirm, I believe in Him: I trust and esteem Him. This is the area not of propositions, but of relationship… Now this second category, that of trust and "belief- in," can be expressed as an emotional investment in another and in action, in the willingness to pursue a certain course of conduct at the behest of the one in whom I have faith-trust.57 Since there is no explicit list of dogmas or intellectual beliefs commanded in the Torah, it has been understood that the biblical conception of ‘faith’ (emunah) refers to ‘belief in’, not to ‘belief that’. -
International Directory of | Bioethics * Organizations
INTERNATIONAL DIRECTORY OF BIOETHICS ORGANIZATIONS Edited by Anita L. Nolen Mary Carrington Coutts INTERNATIONAL DIRECTORY OF | BIOETHICS * ORGANIZATIONS Edited by Anita L. Nolen Mary Carrington Coutts National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057-1065 International Directory of Bioethics Organizations edited by Anita L. Nolen and Mary Carrington Coutts. Bioethics Resource Series, volume 1. Washington, DC: Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, 1993. Copyright © July 1993 by the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University. All rights reserved. This book may not be duplicated in any way without the expressed written consent of the publisher, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for the purposes of review. The information contained may not be duplicated in other books, databases or any other medium without written consent of the publisher. Making copies of this book, or any portion for any purpose other than your own, is a violation of United States copyright laws. This publication is supported by funds provided under Grant Number LM04492 from the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Published by: National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature Kennedy Institute of Ethics Georgetown University Washington, DC 20057-1065 Toll free (U.S. and Canada): 800-MED-ETHX Telephone 202-687-3885 Fax: 202-687-6770 E-Mail: [email protected] ISBN 1-883913-11-X Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................... iii Introduction .......................... vii Advisory Board ....... .......viii Acknowledgements.............................................. ix About the National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature.... xi Staff...................................................... xii Bioethics Organizations (alphabetical order by country, andlor state, and name of organization). -
Concierge Medicine and Halacha
Concierge Medicine and Halacha Noam Salamon A physician who does not charge for his services is worthless. —Talmud Bava Kama 85a A physician who refuses to treat the indigent is worthy of going to hell. —Rashi, explaining Talmud Kiddushin 82a PRESENTATION OF CONCEPT Over the past few decades, physician frustration has grown over decreased reimbursements, increased malpractice costs, greater onerous administrative paperwork, and additional burdens on the physician.1 This has especially affected primary-care physicians, leading to a reduction in the number of students pursuing a career in primary care. In response, the last few years have seen an upsurge of concierge medicine practices. Concierge, or boutique, medicine charges a fee in exchange for enhanced services and increased access.2 The patient agrees to pay an annual fee, or retainer, to a physician (which is not a substitute for insurance), while the physician in return agrees to pro- vide additional services beyond typical care. This is provided based on the increased availability of the primary-care physician resulting from capping the number of patients that the physician allows in his 1 This article appeared in full in the Spring 5769 edition of the Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society. The author would like to acknowledge Rabbis Drs. Edward Reichman and Howard Apfel for their helpful input and insights. Noam Salamon attended Yeshivat Kerem B’Yavneh and Yeshiva University. He is currently a second year medical student at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine 273 Wiesen.indb 273 4/28/09 4:12:42 PM 274 And You Shall Surely Heal practice (typically from 3,000–4,000 down to 100–600).